CN114062146A - Method and device for simulating low-gravity test of star soil - Google Patents
Method and device for simulating low-gravity test of star soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114062146A CN114062146A CN202111298487.2A CN202111298487A CN114062146A CN 114062146 A CN114062146 A CN 114062146A CN 202111298487 A CN202111298487 A CN 202111298487A CN 114062146 A CN114062146 A CN 114062146A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of gravity simulation devices, and discloses a method and a device for simulating a low-gravity test of star soil, wherein the test simulation device is based on the test simulation method and comprises the following steps: the device comprises a test bin, a sample groove, a measurement and control unit, a test unit and external inflation equipment; inert gas is introduced into the inner cavity of the sealed test chamber, the dead weight of the simulated star soil is counteracted by utilizing the buoyancy of the gas, partial low-gravity equivalence is realized, further, the buoyancy in the laboratory shell can be adjusted by adopting large-gravity gas or a pressurization mode, so that low-gravity states with different requirements are realized, and the low-gravity deep space environment is simulated for use in simulation experiments; the device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in operation and lower realization cost, and can provide stable and long-acting experimental environment conditions for a simulation experiment of the measurement and control device under low gravity, thereby ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gravity simulation devices, in particular to a device for simulating a low gravity environment to perform a deep space experiment.
Background
With the continuous progress of aerospace technology in China, deep space exploration projects such as moon, mars and asteroid are gradually developed. In order to ensure the reliability of the completion of the deep space exploration project, a large number of verification of space tests are required. Because the operating conditions in the deep space exploration field have the characteristic of low gravity, the simulation of the low gravity environment is an important content for carrying out a low gravity test on the ground.
The ground low-gravity simulation test method comprises a weight loss method, a suspension method and a buoyancy method. The weight loss method is to offset the gravity acceleration through specific movement, and a tower falling method, a parabolic flight method and a space station test method are common; the weight loss method has the advantages of high equivalent simulation effect, high cost and short sustainable test time. The suspension method utilizes the rope mechanism, the pulley block and the counterweight to realize the action of offsetting the gravity by the follow-up pulling force in the opposite direction of the gravity, has the advantages of simple structure and high degree of freedom, but has large frictional resistance, low precision and easy occurrence of lagging movement. The floating method mostly adopts a water floating method, and the gravity action is counteracted through the buoyancy in water, so that the low gravity equivalence in the gravity direction is realized; the water floating method is easy to realize high buoyancy, the quality and the shape of a test object can be completely equivalent, but water has viscosity, the movement can cause the flow of the water, meanwhile, test equipment needs to be protected against water, and the maintenance cost is high. Low-gravity simulation test always strives to design a simulation device with low cost, long sustainable time, small resistance, high precision and stability
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of providing a simulation apparatus with low cost, long duration, stable experiment and high precision.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for simulating a low gravity test of star soil, so as to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low gravity test simulation method for star soil comprises a test bin, a sample groove, simulated star soil, a test unit and a measurement and control unit, wherein the test bin provides a sealed environment for a test; the sample groove is fixed at the bottom of the test chamber, the simulated star soil is placed in the sample groove, the test chamber is filled with buoyancy gas, and the test unit is installed in the test chamber to perform a test on the corresponding simulated star soil; the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test chamber to monitor the air pressure of the test chamber and control the air pressure in the test chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides a low gravity experimental simulation method for the star soil, and the method has the advantages that:
the principle of a gas buoyancy method is adopted, buoyancy is provided for the simulated star soil in a closed space in a large-specific gravity gas or pressurization mode, and gravity of the earth is counteracted; the simulated star soil adopts a lightweight design on the premise of ensuring the surface strength and rigidity, so that the purpose of gravity offset is further achieved; the device has the advantages that the gravity offset can be accurately controlled through the supercharging strength to realize various low gravity states, the resistance and viscosity influence is greatly reduced compared with a water float method, the device is low in test cost, the stable retention time of the low gravity state is long, and stable and reliable test conditions can be provided for the research of the star soil mechanical characteristics and the verification of a sampling scheme under the low gravity environment.
Preferably, in the simulation method for the satellite soil low-gravity experiment, the buoyancy gas filled in the test chamber is obtained by using a large-specific gravity gas or a pressurization manner, so as to realize low-gravity states with different requirements.
Preferably, in the satellite soil low-gravity experiment simulation method, different low-gravity simulation states are realized by adjusting the pressure concentration of the buoyancy gas and accurately adjusting the buoyancy coefficient.
Preferably, in the satellite soil low-gravity experiment simulation method, the buoyancy gas is a gas with large specific gravity and transparency, and does not generate phase change under a high-pressure environment of 1-5 MPa.
Preferably, in the simulation method for the satellite soil low-gravity experiment, the buoyancy gas is SF6Or xenon.
Preferably, in the simulation method for the low-gravity test of the star soil, the morphological characteristics and the mechanical characteristics of the simulated star soil are the same as those of the star soil, and a light-weight design is adopted to further counteract gravity. 7. The method for simulating the star soil low gravity experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure to be borne by the test chamber is greater than 5 MPa; the particles simulating the star soil are irregular polyhedrons, the coating is coated on the outer surface of the particles, the outer contour of the particles is 3-10 mm, and the strength of the particles is greater than 10 MPa.
A low gravity experimental simulation device of star soil comprises: a test chamber, a sample groove, a simulated star soil, a test unit and a measurement and control unit,
the test chamber is an openable closed container, and an inflation hole for connecting external inflation equipment is formed in the test chamber; the sample groove is arranged at the bottom of the test bin; the simulated star soil is placed in the sample groove, and the test unit is installed in the test bin; the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit is arranged in the test chamber, and the control part of the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test chamber.
Preferably, in the satellite soil low-gravity experiment simulation device, the test chamber is made of a transparent material or an observation window is arranged on the test chamber.
Preferably, in the satellite soil low-gravity experiment simulation device, the monitoring part of the measurement and control unit comprises a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a camera; the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the camera are respectively electrically connected with the control part of the measurement and control unit to monitor and transmit data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides a satellite soil low gravity experiment simulation device, which has the advantages that:
the experiment device for realizing the simulation experiment method can simulate the deep space environment with low gravity in an experiment to realize the low gravity state with different requirements, has simple structure, easy operation and lower production cost, can stably maintain the simulation environment for a long time, utilizes the monitoring part of the measurement and control device to carry out experiment monitoring, and has convenient acquisition of experiment data and higher precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test chamber part in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIGS. 3-4 are schematic views of the state of the present invention in which the collection experiment was performed;
fig. 5 to 6 are schematic views of the state of the pressure-bearing test of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Example 1
The method for simulating the low-gravity test of the star soil is characterized by comprising a test bin, a sample groove, the simulated star soil, a test unit and a measurement and control unit, wherein the test bin provides a sealed environment for the test; the sample groove is fixed at the bottom of the test chamber, the simulated star soil is placed in the sample groove, the test chamber is filled with buoyancy gas, and the test unit is installed in the test chamber to perform a test on the corresponding simulated star soil; the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test chamber to monitor the air pressure of the test chamber and control the air pressure in the test chamber.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the buoyancy gas is filled in the test chamber by adopting a large-specific gravity gas or a pressurization mode to obtain the buoyancy in the chamber so as to realize low-gravity states with different requirements.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the pressure concentration of the buoyancy gas is adjusted, the buoyancy coefficient is accurately adjusted, and different low-gravity simulation states are realized.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the buoyancy gas has large specific gravity and is permeableThe phase-change gas is not generated under the high-pressure environment of bright 1-5 MPa; the buoyancy gas is SF6Or xenon.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the morphological characteristics and the mechanical characteristics of the simulated star soil are the same as those of the star soil, and the light weight design is adopted to further offset the gravity.
Specifically, the particle structure of the simulated star soil 20 is similar to the star soil in appearance and hardness, an irregular polyhedron can be selected, the outer surface of the irregular polyhedron is coated with a coating, the outer contour of the irregular polyhedron can be 3-10 mm, and the strength of the irregular polyhedron is greater than 10 MPa.
Example 2
Referring to the attached drawings 1-2, the invention relates to a low gravity experimental simulation device of star soil, and an experimental simulation method thereof, wherein the experimental simulation method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a test bin 1, a sample groove 2, a measurement and control unit 3 and a test unit 4;
the test chamber 1 is provided with an inflation hole and a vacuum pumping air hole which are used for connecting external inflation equipment;
the sample groove 2 is arranged at the bottom of the test chamber 1; used for containing simulated star soil 20;
monitoring components of the measurement and control unit 3 are arranged inside the test chamber 1, and other control components are arranged outside the test chamber 1; the experimental data and the environmental data in the experimental bin 1 are collected;
the test unit 4 is arranged in the test bin and used for carrying out various data experiments;
outside inflation equipment includes air pump 5 and is filled with the gaseous gas pitcher 6 of experiment, and the extraction opening intercommunication gas pitcher 6 of air pump 5 can be through gas outlet intercommunication inflation hole, and it is gaseous to the experiment of dashing into in the experimental storehouse, realizes the regulation of 1 interior gas pressure in experimental storehouse, provides buoyancy to simulation star soil and test device, and the dead weight is offset in the part, realizes partial low gravity equivalence.
Specifically, the test chamber 1 comprises an experimental chamber body 11 and a chamber cover 12, wherein the chamber cover is provided with an inflation hole communicated with the experimental chamber body 11, and the chamber cover 12 is movably connected to the top opening position of the experimental chamber body 11;
the sample groove 2 is arranged at the bottom of the experimental cabin body 11 and is filled with simulated star soil 20; the monitoring part of the measurement and control unit 3 is arranged on the inner wall of the experimental cabin body 11, and can adjust the air pressure in the experimental cabin through the inflation hole to adjust the experimental environment.
Specifically, the experimental bin 11 can be made of a transparent material, so that the proceeding state of the experiment can be observed conveniently.
Specifically, when the experiment cabin 11 is made of opaque material, a window needs to be observed on the cabin wall so as to monitor the state of the experiment.
Specifically, the bottom of the experimental cabin 11 is provided with supporting legs.
Specifically, the experimental cabin body 11 and the cabin cover 12 are fastened and connected by bolts, and a sealing part is arranged at the intersection.
In order to further optimize the above, the monitoring components can be temperature sensors, pressure sensors, cameras and the like, and other monitoring components can be additionally installed if other data needs to be detected; the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the camera are respectively and electrically connected with the control part of the measurement and control unit 3 to monitor and transmit data.
By adopting the scheme, the temperature, the pressure and the video information in the experiment cabin body can be conveniently monitored, and the accuracy of experiment data is ensured.
To further optimize the above, the experimental gas is inert gas 7.
Specifically, the simulated star soil 20 should ensure that the morphological characteristics, mechanical property strength, surface rigidity and the like of the simulated star soil are the same as those of the star soil, but the weight is reduced, and the gravity is further offset through lightweight design; no rupture under high pressure and no gas permeability.
Specifically, SF under normal pressure6Gas density of 6.0886X 10-3g/cm3Xenon gas density of 5.89X 10-3g/cm3(ii) a In order to further increase the buoyancy, the conventional gas may also contain SF6Pressurizing xenon to 1-5 MPa to realize large buoyancy in the cabin, and under the condition of 5MPa, SF6The gas density was 0.3g/cm3Under the condition of the density, the density of the simulated star soil 20 reaches 0.3g/cm3Thereby realizing floating.
Specifically, the device can carry out various tests related to the star soil, the corresponding test unit 4 is selected and installed according to the test type, the bearing capacity of the star soil 20 can be simulated to carry out a bearing test, the driving force of the wheel on the surface of the star soil can be measured to carry out a shearing test, and a surface mining excavation test, a deep mining drilling test and the like can be carried out.
Referring to fig. 3-4, taking a sampling experiment as an example, the device is used for the test process under the condition of 5MPa, and the test unit 4 is a sampling experiment test unit. After the bearing test unit is installed in the test chamber 11, the test chamber 11 is closed, and the chamber cover 12 is fastened through screws and sealed; opening a vacuumizing air hole, connecting the vacuumizing air hole with an air pump, vacuumizing the test chamber 11, completely discharging air, pumping the test gas in a gas tank by using the air pump, filling the test gas into an inflation hole to a pressure state of 5MPa, closing the inflation hole and the vacuumizing air hole, and starting a test;
the sampling test testing unit controls the sampling head to the surface of the simulated star soil at first, controls the sampling head to grab the part to move, controls the sampling head to return to an initial position after the grabbing part finishes one-time movement, finishes a sampling test and records sampling data, and can repeatedly perform the sampling test and return a plurality of groups of sampling data.
Referring to fig. 5-6, taking a pressure-bearing test as an example, the device is used in a test process under a normal pressure condition, the test unit 4 is a pressure-bearing test unit, after the pressure-bearing test unit is installed in the test chamber 11, the test chamber 11 is closed, and the chamber cover 12 is fastened and sealed by screws; opening a vacuumizing air hole, connecting the vacuumizing air hole with an air pump, vacuumizing the test chamber 11, completely discharging air, pumping test air in an air tank by using the air pump, filling the test air into the inflating hole to be in a normal pressure state, closing the inflating hole and the vacuumizing air hole, and starting a test;
firstly, a pressure plate is controlled to the surface of the simulated star soil by a pressure bearing test unit; then controlling the pressure plate to sink to a specified depth, and simultaneously returning pressure value data of the pressure plate by the pressure sensor in real time; finally, controlling the pressure plate to return to the initial position to complete the pressure bearing test; the pressure-bearing test can be repeatedly carried out by changing the sinking depth of the pressure plate and a plurality of groups of simulated star soil pressure-bearing data can be returned.
Specifically, the principle of the technical scheme is as follows:
the principle of a gas buoyancy method is adopted, buoyancy is provided for the simulated star soil in a closed space in a large-specific gravity gas or pressurization mode, and gravity of the earth is counteracted; the simulated star soil adopts a lightweight design on the premise of ensuring the surface strength and rigidity, so that the purpose of gravity offset is further achieved; the device has the advantages that the gravity offset can be accurately controlled through the supercharging strength to realize various low gravity states, the resistance and viscosity influence is greatly reduced compared with a water float method, the device is low in test cost, the stable retention time of the low gravity state is long, and stable and reliable test conditions can be provided for the research of the star soil mechanical characteristics and the verification of a sampling scheme under the low gravity environment.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The method for simulating the low-gravity test of the star soil is characterized by comprising a test bin, a sample groove, the simulated star soil, a test unit and a measurement and control unit, wherein the test bin provides a sealed environment for the test; the sample groove is fixed at the bottom of the test chamber, the simulated star soil is placed in the sample groove, the test chamber is filled with buoyancy gas, and the test unit is installed in the test chamber to perform a test on the corresponding simulated star soil; the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test chamber to monitor the air pressure of the test chamber and control the air pressure in the test chamber.
2. The method for simulating the satellite soil low-gravity experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the buoyancy gas is filled in the test chamber by adopting a large-gravity gas or a pressurization mode to obtain the buoyancy in the chamber so as to realize different required low-gravity states.
3. The method for simulating the satellite soil low-gravity experiment as claimed in claim 2, wherein different low-gravity simulation states are realized by adjusting the pressure concentration of the buoyancy gas and precisely adjusting the buoyancy coefficient.
4. The satellite soil low gravity experiment simulation method according to claim 1, wherein the buoyancy gas is a gas which has a large specific gravity and is transparent and does not generate phase change under a high-pressure environment of 1-5 MPa.
5. The method for simulating the low gravity test of the star soil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the morphological characteristics and mechanical characteristics of the simulated star soil are the same as those of the star soil, and a light weight design is adopted to further counteract the gravity.
6. The method for simulating the star soil low gravity experiment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure to be borne by the test chamber is greater than 5 MPa; the particles simulating the star soil are irregular polyhedrons, the coating is coated on the outer surface of the particles, the outer contour of the particles is 3-10 mm, and the strength of the particles is greater than 10 MPa.
7. The utility model provides a low gravity experiment analogue means of star soil which characterized in that includes: a test chamber (1), a sample groove (2), a simulated star soil (20), a test unit (4) and a measurement and control unit (3),
the test chamber (1) is an openable closed container, and is provided with an inflation hole for connecting external inflation equipment; the sample groove (2) is arranged at the bottom of the test bin (1); the simulated star soil (20) is placed in the sample groove (2), and the test unit (4) is installed in the test bin (1); the monitoring component of the measurement and control unit (3) is arranged in the test chamber (1), and the control part of the measurement and control unit is arranged outside the test chamber (1).
8. The satellite soil low-gravity experiment simulation device is characterized in that the test chamber (1) is made of transparent materials or an observation window is arranged on the test chamber (1).
9. The satellite soil low-gravity experiment simulation device is characterized in that monitoring components of the measurement and control unit comprise a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a camera; the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the camera are respectively electrically connected with the control part of the measurement and control unit (3) to monitor and transmit data.
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| CN116086852A (en) * | 2023-04-07 | 2023-05-09 | 苏州中科科美科技有限公司 | Design method of low gravity vacuum test system |
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