CN114061409B - Method for measuring gap of mechanical lock of actuator - Google Patents
Method for measuring gap of mechanical lock of actuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114061409B CN114061409B CN202111343033.2A CN202111343033A CN114061409B CN 114061409 B CN114061409 B CN 114061409B CN 202111343033 A CN202111343033 A CN 202111343033A CN 114061409 B CN114061409 B CN 114061409B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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Abstract
The method for measuring the clearance of the mechanical lock of the actuator is simple, efficient and high in operability. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: preparing a test bed capable of applying axial load, wherein a support for connecting an actuator and a limiting block for fixing the dial indicator are arranged on the test bed, a dynamometer is arranged on the support, and the dial indicator is horizontally fixed on the limiting block. And measuring an axial load value applied to the actuator by using a dynamometer, and measuring the axial dimension change of the loaded actuator by using a dial indicator. After the mechanical lock of the actuator is locked, a set of axial pressure is applied to the actuator according to Hooke's law, the relation between the axial deformation value and the pressure value of the actuator is found, a set of axial tension is applied to the actuator, and the relation between the axial deformation value and the tension value of the actuator is found. And (3) respectively applying an axial pressure and an axial tension to the actuator again, measuring the total variation value of the actuator, and calculating the total deformation value according to the result, wherein the difference value of the total variation value and the total deformation value is the mechanical lock clearance value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an actuator of a hydraulic and pneumatic system executing mechanism, which is mainly used in the industries of aviation, aerospace, ships, vehicles, large engineering equipment and the like.
Background
Actuators are a common type of Actuator in hydro-pneumatic transmission systems and are commonly used to effect linear reciprocating motion or less than 360 ° of oscillating motion of a working mechanism. Actuators (hydraulic actuators, pneumatic actuators, electromagnetic actuators, etc.) convert hydraulic or pneumatic energy into mechanical energy for manipulating the motion of a movable member. Actuators are basically classified into two types, a reciprocating linear actuator and a reciprocating oscillating actuator.
In addition to performing external actions, the linear actuator is generally required to stably bear a load at a certain position without displacement, that is, the actuator needs to have a locking function, for example, a specific part of a retractable part of an aircraft hydraulic system requires that certain hydraulic operating mechanisms can be reliably fixed at a limit position. The locking function of the actuator is usually achieved by an internal mechanical lock, for example, after the landing gear of the aircraft is put down, the strut actuators should be rigid struts to bear the external load transferred from the landing gear, so that the mechanical lock is arranged inside the landing gear actuators of the aircraft. The mechanical lock forms can be classified into steel ball lock, clamping ring lock, collet lock, friction lock, hinge lock, etc. Because the materials used by the parts of the actuator are possibly different, the thermal expansion coefficients are different, and a certain axial movable clearance is needed after the mechanical lock is locked in order to ensure that the mechanical lock can be normally locked and unlocked in the use temperature range. The movement stroke of the actuator is generally not large due to the limitation of the installation space, and the mechanism is usually driven to drive the moving part of the terminal. Generally, after the amplification of the driving mechanism, the short-stroke actuator can drive a long-stroke moving part. In this case, the mechanical lock clearance of the actuator cannot be excessively large, otherwise unstable conditions such as swinging, shaking and the like of the terminal moving member may occur due to the amplification effect. The mechanical lock is inside the actuator and cannot directly measure the clearance. In actual operation, a certain external force is usually applied along the axial direction of the piston rod of the actuator, the piston rod is pushed in and pulled out, and the value of the movable range of the piston rod is measured by a measuring instrument (such as a dial indicator) to serve as the movable clearance value of the mechanical lock, wherein the clearance should not exceed a specified value (generally, the specified clearance is 0-0.5 mm). The mechanical lock clearance measured by the method is inaccurate, if the applied load value is too small, the friction force of the actuator can not be overcome enough to enable the piston rod to move to the head in the range of the mechanical lock clearance, and the obtained measured value is smaller than the true value; if the applied load value is too large, the actuator is further deformed under load after the piston rod moves to the head, and the longer the axial length of the actuator is, the larger the deformation is, and the obtained measured value is larger than the true value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing measuring method of the axial clearance of the mechanical lock of the actuator, and aims to provide a simple, efficient and high-operability measuring method so as to accurately measure the axial clearance of the mechanical lock.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme, which is a method for measuring a clearance of a mechanical lock of an actuator, characterized in that: preparation of oneThe test bench 5 can apply axial load to the actuator, a limiting bracket connected with the actuator 3 and a limiting block 1 for fixing the dial indicator 2 are arranged on the test bench 5, a dynamometer 4 for measuring a load value is arranged on one side of the limiting bracket, and the dial indicator 2 for recording the displacement value of the actuator is horizontally fixed on the limiting block 1; measuring the axial displacement value of a certain end face of the actuator 3 after being loaded by using a dial indicator 2 fixed on the limiting block 1; the mechanical lock of the actuator 3 is locked, the gauge needle of the dial indicator 2 is zeroed, and the pressure F which does not exceed the pressure load limited by the actuator 3 is selected a F is to F a Divided into n groups, each group of force being according toIs increased in turn>Sequentially applying the n groups of ballast loads to two ends of the actuator 3 for axial loading, sequentially recording the change value of the zero-setting gauge needle reading of the dial indicator 2, analyzing data, and finding out that the change of the gauge needle reading of the dial indicator 2 from the ith group of force approximately tends to a constant value delta a, wherein delta a is according to Hooke's lawThe amount of deformation of the actuator 3 under a compressive load; then, according to the above measurement method, a pulling force F is selected which does not exceed the limit of the pulling load of the actuator 3 b F is to F b Divided into m groups, each group force is according to +.> Is increased in turn>Sequentially applying the m groups of pulling loads to two ends of the actuator 3 for axial loading, sequentially recording the reading variable value of the zeroing gauge needle of the dial indicator 2, analyzing data, and finding out the dial indicator 2 from the kth group of forceThe needle reading changes approximately towards a constant value Δb, Δb being +.>The deformation value of the actuator 3 under a tensile load; according to the above method, a force F not exceeding the limit pressure load of the actuator 3 is applied to the actuators 3, respectively 1 And a force F not exceeding the pull load limit of the actuator 3 2 Respectively obtaining the total change amount delta L of the dial indicator 2 zeroing needle reading 1 、ΔL 2 Calculating F of the actuator 3 1 Compressive load and F 2 Deformation value under tensile load +.>At DeltaL 1 +ΔL 2 Subtracting L 1 L and L 2 And obtaining the axial clearance after the mechanical lock is locked. Wherein n and m are natural numbers, i and k are natural numbers, i is more than 1 and less than n, and k is more than 1 and less than m.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects.
The axial loading method is used for measuring the gap of the mechanical lock, and the method for measuring the axial gap after the mechanical lock is locked is simple and efficient, has strong operability, accurate measurement, is not influenced by an applied load value, has no special limit requirement, and can be widely applied to an internal mechanical lock actuator with the axial gap requirement of the mechanical lock.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the clearance measurement principle of an actuator mechanical lock of the present invention;
in the figure: 1 limiting block, 2 dial indicator, 3 actuator, 4 dynamometer, 5 test bench.
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, without thereby restricting the invention to the scope of the examples. All such concepts should be considered as being within the scope of the present disclosure and the present patent.
Detailed Description
See fig. 1. According to the invention, a test stand 5 is provided which can apply an axial load to the actuator, said test stand 5 being provided withSetting a limiting bracket connected with an actuator 3 and a limiting block 1 for fixing a dial indicator 2, installing a dynamometer 4 for measuring a load value on one side of the limiting bracket, and horizontally fixing the dial indicator 2 for recording the displacement value of the actuator on the limiting block 1; measuring the axial displacement value of a certain end face of the actuator 3 after being loaded by using a dial indicator 2 fixed on the limiting block 1; the mechanical lock of the actuator 3 is locked, the gauge needle of the dial indicator 2 is zeroed, and the pressure F which does not exceed the pressure load limited by the actuator 3 is selected a F is to F a Divided into n groups, each group of force being according toIs increased in turn>Sequentially applying the n groups of ballast loads to two ends of the actuator 3 for axial loading, sequentially recording the change value of the zero-setting gauge needle reading of the dial indicator 2, analyzing data, finding out that the change of the gauge needle reading of the dial indicator 2 from the ith group of force approximately tends to a constant value delta a, and according to Hooke's law, the delta a is +_>The amount of deformation of the actuator 3 under a compressive load; then, according to the above measurement method, a pulling force F is selected which does not exceed the limit of the pulling load of the actuator 3 b F is to F b Divided into m groups, each group force is according to +.> Is increased in turn>Sequentially applying the m groups of pull loads to two ends of the actuator 3 for axial loading, sequentially recording the change value of the zero-setting gauge needle reading of the dial indicator 2, analyzing data, finding out that the change of the gauge needle reading of the dial indicator 2 from the kth group of force approximately tends to a fixed value delta b, wherein delta b is->The deformation value of the actuator 3 under a tensile load; according to the above method, a force F not exceeding the limit pressure load of the actuator 3 is applied to the actuators 3, respectively 1 And a force F not exceeding the pull load limit of the actuator 3 2 Respectively obtaining the total change amount delta L of the dial indicator 2 zeroing needle reading 1 、ΔL 2 Calculating F of the actuator 3 1 Compressive load and F 2 Deformation value under tensile load +.> At DeltaL 1 +ΔL 2 Subtracting L 1 L and L 2 And obtaining the axial clearance after the mechanical lock is locked. Wherein n and m are natural numbers, i and k are natural numbers, i is more than 1 and less than n, and k is more than 1 and less than m.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents. Substitutions and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. A method for measuring the clearance of a mechanical lock of an actuator is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing a test bed (5) capable of applying axial load to an actuator, arranging a limiting bracket connected with the actuator (3) and a limiting block (1) for fixing the dial indicator (2) on the test bed (5), arranging a dynamometer (4) for measuring a load value on one side of the limiting bracket, and horizontally fixing the dial indicator (2) for recording the displacement value of the actuator on the limiting block (1); measuring the axial displacement value of a certain end face of the actuator (3) after being loaded by using a dial indicator (2) fixed on the limiting block (1); the mechanical lock of the actuator (3) is locked, and the dial indicator (2) is used for indicating a pointerZeroing, selecting a pressure F not exceeding the limit pressure load of the actuator (3) a F is to F a Divided into n groups, each group of force being according toIs increased in turn>Sequentially applying the n groups of ballast loads to two ends of an actuator (3) for axial loading, sequentially recording the change value of the gauge needle reading of the dial indicator (2) for zeroing, analyzing data, and finding out that the change of the gauge needle reading of the dial indicator (2) from the ith group of force approximately tends to a constant value delta a, wherein delta a is × according to Hooke's law>The deformation amount of the actuator (3) under the pressure load; then according to the above-mentioned measuring method, a pulling force F which does not exceed the limit pulling load of the actuator (3) is selected b F is to F b Divided into m groups, each group force is according to +.> Is increased in turn>Sequentially applying the m groups of pull loads to two ends of the actuator 3 for axial loading, sequentially recording the change value of the zero-setting gauge needle reading of the dial indicator (2), analyzing data, finding out the approximate trend value delta b of the change of the gauge needle reading of the dial indicator (2) from the kth group of force, and taking delta b as ++according to Hooke's law>A deformation value of the actuator (3) under a tensile load; according to the method, a force F not exceeding the limit pressure load of the actuator (3) is applied to the actuator (3) respectively 1 And a force F not exceeding the pull load limit of the actuator (3) 2 Respectively obtaining the change total quantity delta L of the zero-setting gauge needle readings of the dial indicator (2) 1 、ΔL 2 F of the actuator (3) is calculated respectively 1 Compressive load and F 2 Deformation value under tensile loadAt DeltaL 1 +ΔL 2 Subtracting L 1 L and L 2 The axial clearance after the mechanical lock is locked is obtained, wherein n and m are natural numbers, i and k are natural numbers, i is more than 1 and less than n, and k is more than 1 and less than m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111343033.2A CN114061409B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Method for measuring gap of mechanical lock of actuator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111343033.2A CN114061409B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Method for measuring gap of mechanical lock of actuator |
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| CN114061409A CN114061409A (en) | 2022-02-18 |
| CN114061409B true CN114061409B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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