CN114056077B - 混动汽车多档驱动***及汽车 - Google Patents

混动汽车多档驱动***及汽车 Download PDF

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CN114056077B
CN114056077B CN202111618624.6A CN202111618624A CN114056077B CN 114056077 B CN114056077 B CN 114056077B CN 202111618624 A CN202111618624 A CN 202111618624A CN 114056077 B CN114056077 B CN 114056077B
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gear
clutch
motor
engine
gear ring
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CN114056077A (zh
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熊峰
陈振坡
马守明
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Ruikong Zhihang Automobile Technology Nantong Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供混动汽车多档驱动***,包括发动机的输入轴和第一电机的输入轴均与双排行星齿轮机构的输入端连接,双排行星齿轮机构的输出端连接至驱动离合器的输入端,驱动离合器的输出端连接至第一输入端,第三行星排包括第三太阳轮、第三行星轮、第三齿圈和第三行星架,第四行星排包括第四太阳轮、第四行星轮、第四齿圈和第四行星架,第一输入轴的输出端分别连接第二电机和第三太阳轮,第三齿圈连接第四太阳轮,第二制动器B2设置成锁止或释放第四行星架,第四齿圈连接到动力传动轴。本发明的结构中径向尺寸小,同时采用两档发动机驱动速比可拓宽并联介入车速范围,传动链简单可靠效率高,进一步提升动力性和经济性。

Description

混动汽车多档驱动***及汽车
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车技术领域,尤其涉及混动汽车多档驱动***及汽车。
背景技术
目前汽车中串并联***采用了双电机同轴布局、定制的盘式电机、平行轴减速布局,以减小轴向尺寸适用于横向布置的乘用车,不能满足纵置形式车辆的布置需求。而与之类似的三菱平行轴串并联***,总体尺寸更大,布置难度也更高。而且在纵置需求的大型皮卡、轻卡等商用车领域,单档驱动速比也无法满足动力性和经济性的需求。
已有专利(申请号CN202110829112.8)中针对商用车的需求做了新了设计,采用多离合器制动器和行星排的方案解决了一定的布置问题和动力性问题,但其行星排都设计到驱动调速环节,没有考虑到发动机和发电机之间速比匹配,这种发电设计上效率无法适应发动机和发电机的高效区域,经济性上有一定的牺牲。而且三个制动器和三个离合器的设计也一定程度上增加了复杂程度,降低了整体可靠性。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,至少解决现有技术中一个问题,提供了混动汽车多档驱动***及汽车。
第一方面,本发明实施例提供混动汽车多档驱动***,包括:发动机、双排行星齿轮机构、第二离合器、第三行星排和第四行星排,
发动机的输入轴和第一电机的输入轴均与双排行星齿轮机构的输入端连接,双排行星齿轮机构的输出端连接至驱动离合器的输入端,驱动离合器的输出端连接至第一输入端,
所述第三行星排包括第三太阳轮、第三行星轮、第三齿圈和第三行星架,所述第四行星排包括第四太阳轮、第四行星轮、第四齿圈和第四行星架,所述第一输入轴的输出端分别连接第二电机和第三太阳轮,所述第三齿圈连接第四太阳轮,第二制动器B2设置成锁止或释放第四行星架,所述第四齿圈连接到动力传动轴,所述动力传动轴用于向车轮传递动力。
在一些实施方式中,还包括第二离合器C2,所述第二离合器C2布置在所述第三行星排和所述动力传动轴之间,第三太阳轮和第二离合器C2的输入端连接,第二离合器C2的输出端和所述第四齿圈连接。
在一些实施方式中,所述双排行星齿轮机构包括第一行星排和第二行星排,所述第一行星排包括第一太阳轮、第一行星轮、第一齿圈和第一行星架,所述第二行星排包括第二太阳轮、第二行星轮、第二齿圈和第二行星架,所述第一太阳轮分别连接所述发动机的输入轴和第一电机的输入轴,所述第一行星架连接第二太阳轮,第一制动器B1设置成锁止或释放第二行星架,所述第二齿圈连接所述驱动离合器的输入端。
在一些实施方式中,第一离合器C1布置在所述第二行星排和驱动离合器之间,所述第一离合器C1将所述第二太阳轮与所述驱动离合器连接。
在一些实施方式中,所述发动机的输入轴、第一电机的输入轴、第二电机的输入轴、动力传动轴同轴设置。
在一些实施方式中,所述驱动***包括发动机驱动一档、发动机驱动二档、电机驱动一档、电机驱动二档,其中,
所述发动机驱动一档模式下,所述发动机启动,所述第一离合器C1打开,所述第一制动器B1锁止所述第二行星架,所述驱动离合器闭合,发动机扭矩通过第一行星架传递到第二太阳轮,再通过第二行星轮传递到第二齿圈,最后通过与第二齿圈并联连接的驱动离合器的输出轴将扭矩传递到动力传动轴;
所述发动机驱动二档模式下,所述发动机启动,所述第一离合器C1闭合,所述第一制动器B1释放所述第二行星架,所述第二太阳轮和第二齿圈短接,所述驱动离合器闭合,发动机扭矩通过第一行星架传递到第二太阳轮,再通过第一离合器C1传递到第二齿圈,最后通过与第二齿圈并联连接的驱动离合器的输出轴将扭矩传递到动力传动轴;
所述电机驱动一档模式下,所述第二离合器C2打开,所述第二制动器B2锁止所述第四行星架,第二电机扭矩通过第三太阳轮和第三行星轮传递到第三齿圈,再通过与第三齿圈相连的第四太阳轮、第四行星轮传递到第四齿圈,最后将电机扭矩传递到与第四齿圈相连动力传动轴;
所述电机驱动二档模式下,所述第二离合器C2闭合,所述第二制动器B2释放所述第四行星架,所述第四太阳轮和第四齿圈短接,第二电机扭矩通过第三太阳轮、第三行星轮传递到第三齿圈,再通过与第三齿圈相连的第四太阳轮传递到第二离合器,第二离合器将第二电机扭矩传递到第四齿圈,最后将第二电机扭矩传递到与第四齿圈相连动力传动轴。
在一些实施方式中,所述第一齿圈、第一制动器B1、第三行星架和第二制动器B2均与驱动***的外壳固定连接。
本发明实施例混动汽车,包括根据上述混动汽车多档驱动***。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明设计巧妙,结构简单紧凑,采用发动机、第第一行星排和第二行星排组成的双行星排机构、驱动离合器,从而实现了整个动力总成同轴布局,有效降低了总成的径向尺寸,尺寸更紧凑,传动***更简单,发动机直接驱动时传动路径简单,机械损失小,有效降低了总成的径向尺寸并提升了驱动***的驱动能力,在纵置车型对动力性和经济性要求高的车型上有极大的应用潜力;
同时,采用两档发动机驱动速比可拓宽并联介入车速范围,传动链简单可靠效率高,进一步提升动力性和经济性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一实施例提供的混动汽车多档驱动***的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
附图中的电机I是指本申请具体实施方式中的第一电机,电机II是指本申请具体实施方式中的第二电机。
如图1所示,本发明实施例提供混动汽车多档驱动***,包括:发动机1、双排行星齿轮机构、第二离合器C2、第三行星排5和第四行星排6,
发动机1的输入轴和第一电机2的输入轴均与双排行星齿轮机构的输入端连接,双排行星齿轮机构的输出端连接至驱动离合器4的输入端,驱动离合器4的输出端连接至第一输入端,
第三行星排5包括第三太阳轮S3、第三行星轮P3、第三齿圈R3和第三行星架PC3,第四行星排6包括第四太阳轮S4、第四行星轮P4、第四齿圈R4和第四行星架PC4,第一输入轴的输出端分别连接第二电机3和第三太阳轮,第三齿圈R3连接第四太阳轮S4,第二制动器B2设置成锁止或释放第四行星架PC4,第四齿圈R4连接到动力传动轴7,动力传动轴7用于向车轮传递动力。由此,合理利用两个行星排之间的空间,整体上设计更加紧凑,很好的满足了动力传递效率、尺寸、成本等方面的要求。
在每个行星排的太阳轮转动时,太阳轮可以带动与之相对应的行星轮转动,与行星轮所对应的行星架可以选择性的转动。如当齿圈固定,行星架不固定时,太阳轮输入,行星轮转动并带动行星架输出;当行星架固定,齿圈不固定时,太阳轮输入,行星轮转动并带动齿圈输出。
应当说明的,还包括第二离合器C2,第二离合器C2布置在第三行星排5和动力传动轴7之间,第三太阳轮S3和第二离合器C2的输入端连接,第二离合器C2的输出端和第四齿圈R4连接。第二离合器C2用于将发动机和第三行星排5连接,实现将发动机1扭矩和第一电机2扭矩传输至动力传动轴7,最终实现向车轮传递动力。
根据本发明实施例的混动汽车多档驱动***,尺寸紧凑,通过设置发动机1、双排行星齿轮机构、第二离合器C2、第三行星排5和第四行星排6这样的结构,发动机1、第一电机、第二电机组成同轴布局的整个驱动***,有效降低了总成的径向尺寸并提升了驱动***的驱动能力,在纵置车型对动力性和经济性要求高的车型上有极大的应用潜力。
如图所示,第一电机2和和第二电机3均连接至电机控制器,电机控制器电性连接有动力电池,动力电池为驱动***供电或存储电能,发动机配置有油箱。
下面根据本发明的驱动***描述一些实施例。
若采用双排行星齿轮机构,其中,
双排行星齿轮机构包括第一行星排8和第二行星排9,第一行星排8包括第一太阳轮S1、第一行星轮P1、第一齿圈R1和第一行星架PC1,第二行星排包括第二太阳轮S2、第二行星轮P2、第二齿圈R2和第二行星架PC2,第一太阳轮S1分别连接发动机1的输入轴和第一电机2的输入轴,第一行星架PC1连接第二太阳轮S2,第一制动器B1设置成锁止或释放第二行星架PC1,第二齿圈R2连接驱动离合器4的输入端。
第一离合器C1布置在第二行星排9和驱动离合器4之间,第一离合器C1将第二太阳轮S2与驱动离合器4连接。由此,合理利用两个行星排之间的空间,整体上设计更加紧凑,很好的满足了动力传递效率、尺寸、成本等方面的要求。
应当说明的,驱动***包括发动机驱动一档、发动机驱动二档、电机驱动一档、电机驱动二档,其中,
发动机驱动一档模式下,发动机1启动,第一离合器C1打开,第一制动器B1锁止第二行星架PC2,驱动离合器4闭合,发动机扭矩通过第一行星架PC1传递到第二太阳轮S2,再通过第二行星轮P2传递到第二齿圈R2,最后通过与第二齿圈R2并联连接的驱动离合器4的输出轴将扭矩传递到动力传动轴7;
发动机驱动二档模式下,发动机1启动,第一离合器C1闭合,第一制动器B1释放第二行星架PC1,第二太阳轮S2和第二齿圈R2短接,驱动离合器4闭合,发动机扭矩通过第一行星架PC1传递到第二太阳轮S2,再通过第一离合器C1传递到第二齿圈R2,最后通过与第二齿圈R2并联连接的驱动离合器4的输出轴将扭矩传递到动力传动轴7;
电机驱动一档模式下,第二离合器C2打开,第二制动器B2锁止第四行星架PC4,第二电机扭矩通过第三太阳轮S3和第三行星轮P3传递到第三齿圈R3,再通过与第三齿圈R3相连的第四太阳轮S4、第四行星轮S4传递到第四齿圈R4,最后将电机扭矩传递到与第四齿圈R4相连的动力传动轴7;
电机驱动二档模式下,第二离合器C2闭合,第二制动器B2释放第四行星架PC4,第四太阳轮S4和第四齿圈R4短接,第二电机扭矩通过第三太阳轮S3、第三行星轮P3传递到第三齿圈R3,再通过与第三齿圈R3相连的第四太阳轮S4传递到第二离合器C2,第二离合器C2将第二电机扭矩传递到第四齿圈R4,最后将第二电机扭矩传递到与第四齿圈R4相连的动力传动轴7。
在本实施例中,第一齿圈R1、第一制动器B1、第三行星架PC3和第二制动器B2均与驱动***的外壳固定连接。
驱动***的运行原理:在实际的运行过程中,若需求纯电动驱动模式时,驱动离合器4断开,第二电机3经过第三行星排、第四行星排变速后输出扭矩到动力传动轴7,动力传动轴7通过差速器连接至车轮,从而驱动车辆行驶;此时,在纯电动驱动模式下,若车辆中低速行驶时,第二离合器C2打开,第二制动器B2制动,此时挡位选择电机驱动一档,第二电机的扭矩经过第三行星排、第四行星排减速增扭,可提供大扭矩到汽车轮端满足整车爬坡等需求;在纯电动驱动模式下,若车辆中高速行驶时,第二制动器B2打开,第二离合器C2闭合,第四行星排锁止,选择挡位电机驱动二档,第二电机3的扭矩经过第三行星排传递至动力传动轴7,满足整车高速及经济性需求,若此时出现动力电池电量或功率不足,则第一电机2通过双排行星齿轮机构起动发动机1,并与发动机组成增程发电模块供第二电机3驱动车辆行驶,***进入串联驱动模式。
若需求发动机并联驱动模式时,驱动离合器4闭合,发动机1经过双行星排机构变速后输出扭矩到动力传动轴7,通过动力传动轴传输至差速器,从而驱动车辆行驶;在此模式下,若车辆中等速度行驶时,第一离合器C1打开,第一制动器B1制动,选择发动机驱动一档,发动机1经过第一行星排、第二行星排变速,经过驱动离合器4直接连接至动力传动轴7,通过动力传动轴直接输出动力到轮端;若车辆高速行驶时,第一制动器B1打开,第一离合器C1闭合,第二行星排锁止,选择发动机驱动二档,发动机1经过第一行星排变速,经过驱动离合器4直接与动力传动轴相连,直接输出动力到轮端。
由此,在本实施例中,采用两档发动机驱动速比可拓宽并联介入车速范围,传动链简单可靠效率高,进一步提升动力性和经济性。
综上,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果:
本发明的混动汽车多档驱动***,通过发动机1、第一电机2、第二电机5组成的同轴布局的整个驱动***,分别参与驱动,实现多个驱动档位选择,可以提高动力性能,***效率高,有效降低了总成的径向尺寸并提升了驱动***的驱动能力,更好的满足纵置车型动力性和经济性的需求。
由于总成径向尺寸小,有利于节省空间和轻量化,通过有多档位可选实现传动效率高,本发明在纵置车型对动力性和经济性要求高的车型上有极大的应用潜力。
在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”,不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制,且针对同一保护主体的不同实施例中的不同技术特征可以任意组合;尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (5)

1.混动汽车多档驱动***,其特征在于,包括:发动机、双排行星齿轮机构、第二离合器、第三行星排和第四行星排,
发动机的输入轴和第一电机的输入轴均与双排行星齿轮机构输入端连接,双排行星齿轮机构的输出端连接至驱动离合器的输入端,驱动离合器的输出端连接至第一输入端,
所述第三行星排包括第三太阳轮、第三行星轮、第三齿圈和第三行星架,所述第四行星排包括第四太阳轮、第四行星轮、第四齿圈和第四行星架,第一输入轴的输出端分别连接第二电机和第三太阳轮,所述第三齿圈连接第四太阳轮,第二制动器B2设置成锁止或释放第四行星架,所述第四齿圈连接到动力传动轴,所述动力传动轴用于向车轮传递动力;
所述双排行星齿轮机构包括第一行星排和第二行星排,所述第一行星排包括第一太阳轮、第一行星轮、第一齿圈和第一行星架,所述第二行星排包括第二太阳轮、第二行星轮、第二齿圈和第二行星架,所述第一太阳轮分别连接所述发动机的输入轴和第一电机的输入轴,所述第一行星架连接第二太阳轮,第一制动器B1设置成锁止或释放第二行星架,所述第二齿圈连接所述驱动离合器的输入端;
还包括第二离合器C2,所述第二离合器C2布置在所述第三行星排和所述动力传动轴之间,第三太阳轮和第二离合器C2的输入端连接,第二离合器C2的输出端和所述第四齿圈连接;
还包括第一离合器C1,第一离合器C1布置在所述第二行星排和驱动离合器之间,所述第一离合器C1将所述第二太阳轮与所述驱动离合器连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混动汽车多档驱动***,其特征在于,所述发动机的输入轴、第一电机的输入轴、第二电机的输入轴、动力传动轴同轴设置。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混动汽车多档驱动***,其特征在于,所述驱动***包括发动机驱动一档、发动机驱动二档、电机驱动一档、电机驱动二档,其中,
所述发动机驱动一档模式下,所述发动机启动,所述第一离合器C1打开,所述第一制动器B1锁止所述第二行星架,所述驱动离合器闭合,发动机扭矩通过第一行星架传递到第二太阳轮,再通过第二行星轮传递到第二齿圈,最后通过与第二齿圈并联连接的驱动离合器的输出轴将扭矩传递到动力传动轴;
所述发动机驱动二档模式下,所述发动机启动,所述第一离合器C1闭合,所述第一制动器B1释放所述第二行星架,所述第二太阳轮和第二齿圈短接,所述驱动离合器闭合,发动机扭矩通过第一行星架传递到第二太阳轮,再通过第一离合器C1传递到第二齿圈,最后通过与第二齿圈并联连接的驱动离合器的输出轴将扭矩传递到动力传动轴;
所述电机驱动一档模式下,所述第二离合器C2打开,所述第二制动器B2锁止所述第四行星架,第二电机扭矩通过第三太阳轮和第三行星轮传递到第三齿圈,再通过与第三齿圈相连的第四太阳轮、第四行星轮传递到第四齿圈,最后将电机扭矩传递到与第四齿圈相连动力传动轴;
所述电机驱动二档模式下,所述第二离合器C2闭合,所述第二制动器B2释放所述第四行星架,所述第四太阳轮和第四齿圈短接,第二电机扭矩通过第三太阳轮、第三行星轮传递到第三齿圈,再通过与第三齿圈相连的第四太阳轮传递到第二离合器,第二离合器将第二电机扭矩传递到第四齿圈,最后将第二电机扭矩传递到与第四齿圈相连动力传动轴。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混动汽车多档驱动***,其特征在于,所述第一齿圈、第一制动器B1、第三行星架和第二制动器B2均与驱动***的外壳固定连接。
5.混动汽车,其特征在于,包括权利要求1至4中任一一项所述的混动汽车多档驱动***。
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