CN114050741A - Walking-excited piezoelectric energy harvester - Google Patents
Walking-excited piezoelectric energy harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN114050741A CN114050741A CN202111416849.3A CN202111416849A CN114050741A CN 114050741 A CN114050741 A CN 114050741A CN 202111416849 A CN202111416849 A CN 202111416849A CN 114050741 A CN114050741 A CN 114050741A
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- leaf spring
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- piezoelectric vibrator
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
- H02N2/188—Vibration harvesters adapted for resonant operation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/08—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
Abstract
The invention relates to a piezoelectric energy harvester with walking excitation, belonging to the field of new energy and micro-electronics; an upper base and a leaf spring seat are arranged on the upper wall of the shell, a lower base is arranged on the lower wall of the shell, piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on two sides of the upper base and the lower base, and leaf springs are arranged on two sides of the leaf spring seat; the exciter consists of an exciting body, a half shaft, a swing rod and a resistance plate, wherein the exciting body is a regular polygon prism; the excitation bodies are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the resistance plate, the half shafts are positioned at the outer side ends of the excitation bodies, the swing rods are connected with the resistance plate, and the mass blocks are arranged on the swing rods and are adjustable in position; the shaft ends of the half shafts are respectively arranged in bearing holes on the left wall of the shell and the cover plate, the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator abuts against the excitation surface of the excitation body, and the free end of the leaf spring abuts against the side surface of the resistance plate; when walking, the mass block forces the exciter to swing, the exciting body and the resistance plate respectively force the piezoelectric vibrator and the leaf spring to generate bending deformation, the piezoelectric vibrator converts mechanical energy into electric energy when performing reciprocating bending deformation, and the electric energy is converted to charge the portable electronic product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy and micro-electronics, and particularly relates to a walking-excited piezoelectric energy harvester which generates electricity by collecting energy generated by kicking and swinging motions and supplies power to micro-power electronic products.
Background
In order to meet the self-power supply requirements of micro-power electronic products and micro-miniature remote sensing and embedded monitoring systems and avoid environmental pollution caused by a large number of waste batteries, research on micro-miniature power generation devices or energy harvesters based on the principles of electromagnetism, friction, piezoelectricity and the like has become a leading-edge hotspot at home and abroad. In the aspect of constructing a portable micro power generation device by utilizing various principles, a plurality of patent applications are applied at home and abroad, but energy sources are mainly concentrated on the aspects of vibration energy, fluid energy, rotational kinetic energy and the like in the environment, and the structure and the principle of the portable micro power generation device are not suitable for generating power by human motion; in addition, due to the structural principle or device characteristics, the system natural frequency of the conventional power generation device is fixed, is usually much higher than the frequency of walking, walking and the like of a human body, and has a narrow effective bandwidth, and most importantly, once the product leaves a factory, the product cannot be adjusted, so that the application requirements of people of different ages, different movement modes, movement strengths and the like cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
A piezoelectric energy harvester driven by walking mainly comprises a shell, a cover plate, a driver, a mass block, a leaf spring, a circuit board, a USB interface and a piezoelectric vibrator, wherein an energy conversion processing and charging unit is arranged on the circuit board.
The shell is of a rectangular hollow structure with a port at the right side, the cover plate is installed on the port of the shell through a screw, bearing holes are formed in the left wall of the shell and the cover plate, and the bearing holes are blind holes; the front end and the rear end of the outer side of the left wall are both provided with lug plates, the upper side and the lower side of each lug plate are provided with pin holes, and the two ends of the pin shaft are arranged in the pin holes; the upper wall of the shell is provided with an upper base and a leaf spring seat, the leaf spring seat is positioned between the two upper bases, and the lower wall of the shell is provided with a lower base; piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on two sides of the upper base and the lower base through screws and pressing plates, a group of piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on each of the two upper bases, two groups of piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on the lower base, and a gap is reserved between the two groups of piezoelectric vibrators on the lower base; a group of leaf springs are mounted on two sides of the leaf spring seat through pressing plates, and the piezoelectric vibrator and the leaf springs are cantilever beams with one fixed end; the upper wall of the shell is provided with a circuit board and a USB interface.
The exciter is composed of two exciting bodies, two half shafts, a swing rod and a resistance plate, the cross section of each exciting body is a regular polygon, each exciting body is a regular polygon prism, the plane of each exciting body is called as an exciting surface, and namely, a single plane on each exciting body is called as an exciting surface; the exciting bodies are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the resistance plate, the half shafts are positioned at the outer end parts of the exciting bodies, the planes at two sides of the resistance plate are called resistance surfaces, and one end of the swing rod is connected with the resistance plate; the half shaft is coaxial with the excitation body, the symmetric middle interface of the swing rod and the resistance plate passes through the axis of the half shaft, and the swing rod is vertical to the excitation body; the interface of the swing rod and the resistance plate passes through the axis of the half shaft.
The exciter passes through the inside of the shell body provided with the half shafts, the shaft ends of the two half shafts are respectively arranged in the bearing holes on the left wall and the cover plate, and the exciter can swing; the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is abutted against the excitation surface of the excitation body, and the free end of the leaf spring is abutted against the resistance surfaces on the two sides of the resistance plate; the mass block is arranged on the swing rod through a screw, and the position of the mass block on the swing rod is adjustable; the oscillating bar and the mass block are positioned between the two groups of piezoelectric vibrators on the lower base; the piezoelectric vibrator is formed by bonding a substrate and a piezoelectric sheet, and when the piezoelectric vibrator is formed by bonding the substrate and the piezoelectric sheet on one side of the substrate, the substrate is abutted against the excitation surface of the exciter; each piezoelectric vibrator is connected with the circuit board through an independent lead group and a rectifier bridge.
In the invention, the exciter, the piezoelectric vibrator, the leaf spring and the mass block form a yaw system; when the structural size and the number of the piezoelectric vibrators are determined, the natural frequency of a yaw system is adjusted through the structural size, the spatial position parameters and the like of the exciter, the leaf spring and the mass block so as to adapt to different walking and swing arm frequencies, and further the exciter generates a large enough relative swing angle and excites the piezoelectric vibrators to bend, deform and generate electricity; after other structures and parameters are determined, the natural frequency of the yaw system is adjusted through the position of the mass block on the swing rod.
In the present invention, the natural frequency of the yaw system is
In the formula: zeta is damping ratio, K and K are rigidity of the piezoelectric vibrator and the leaf spring respectively, m and n are quantity of the piezoelectric vibrator and the leaf spring respectively, x0, x1, x2, x3 and x4 are width of an excitation surface, inscribed circle radius of cross section of the excitation body, length of the resistance plate, length of the swing rod and radius of the half shaft respectively, m1, m2, m3 and m4 are mass of the excitation body, the resistance plate, the swing rod and the half shaft respectively, length of the resistance plate and length of the swing rod respectively refer to distance from free end of the resistance plate and free end of the swing rod to center of the half shaft
In the invention, the shell is fixed on a shank or an arm through a flexible belt and a pin shaft; when the piezoelectric vibrator does not work, the swing rod is positioned in the vertical plane and is parallel to the leaf spring, the piezoelectric vibrator is in a natural state without bending deformation, and the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator is in contact with the excitation surface but does not have an interaction force; when the kicking leg and the swinging arm are stepped on, the inertia force of the mass block forces the exciter to swing, the exciting body and the resistance plate respectively force the piezoelectric vibrator and the leaf spring to generate bending deformation, and the leaf spring has the function of resetting the exciter; the piezoelectric vibrator converts mechanical energy into electric energy in the reciprocating bending deformation process, and the electric energy is converted to charge the portable electronic product.
In the invention, the piezoelectric vibrator bears multi-time unidirectional excitation with controllable magnitude in the one-time reciprocating swing process of the exciter, and the piezoelectric sheet only bears the compressive stress with controlled magnitude; specifically, when the exciter swings, y = y0< y >, when Q = jq/2, y =0 when Q = jq, and N =4Q/Q, wherein j =1, 2, 3, …, Q, and Q are respectively a swing angle of the exciter and a central angle corresponding to an excitation surface, the swing angle Q of the exciter is an angle at which the swing lever swings in one direction away from a balance position at a certain time, y0, and y are respectively a deformation amount, a maximum deformation amount, and an allowable deformation amount of the piezoelectric vibrator, and N is the number of times of reciprocating bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator when the exciter swings in one reciprocating manner.
Advantages and features: the walking and walking movement of the human body is utilized to generate electricity, the electricity generation process is simple, and the carrying and the use are convenient; the natural frequency of the swing component is easily obtained through the design of the rigidity of the leaf spring and the mass of the inertia block, the natural frequency can be adjusted by changing the position of the inertia block after delivery, and the frequency modulation method is simple and easy to implement and has wide application range; the piezoelectric vibrator can realize multiple times of excitation by one swinging arm or kicking leg, the maximum excitation amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator is constant, the maximum excitation amplitude is not increased along with the increase of the swinging arm and kicking leg amplitude, the power generation capacity is strong, and the reliability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy harvester according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exciter in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a housing according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a view B-B of fig. 6.
Detailed Description
A piezoelectric energy harvester driven by walking mainly comprises a shell a, a cover plate b, a driver c, a mass block d, a leaf spring g, a circuit board p, a USB interface u and a piezoelectric vibrator i, wherein an energy conversion processing and charging unit is arranged on the circuit board p.
The shell a is a rectangular hollow structure with a port at the right side, the cover plate b is installed on the port of the shell a through a screw, bearing holes are formed in the left wall a1 of the shell a and the cover plate b, and the bearing holes are blind holes; the front end and the rear end of the outer side of the left wall a1 are both provided with lug plates a4, the upper side and the lower side of each lug plate a4 are provided with pin holes, and two ends of a pin shaft n are arranged in the pin holes; an upper base a21 and a leaf spring seat a22 are arranged on the upper wall a2 of the shell a, the leaf spring seat a22 is positioned between the two upper bases a21, and a lower base a31 is arranged on the lower wall a3 of the shell a; piezoelectric vibrators i are mounted on two sides of the upper base a21 and the lower base a31 through screws and a pressing plate h, a group of piezoelectric vibrators i are mounted on each of the two upper bases a21, two groups of piezoelectric vibrators i are mounted on the lower base a31, and a gap is reserved between the two groups of piezoelectric vibrators i on the lower base a 31; a group of leaf springs g are mounted on two sides of the leaf spring seat a22 through a pressing plate h, and the piezoelectric vibrator i and the leaf springs g are cantilever beams with one fixed end; the circuit board p and the USB interface u are mounted on the upper wall a2 of the housing a.
The exciter c is composed of two exciter bodies c1, two half shafts c2, a swing rod c3 and a resistance plate c4, the cross section of the exciter body c1 is a regular polygon, the exciter body c1 is a regular polygon prism, and a single column plane of the exciter body c1 is called as an exciter face c 5; the exciting body c1 is symmetrically arranged at two ends of the resistance plate c4, the half shaft c2 is positioned at the outer end of the exciting body c1, the plane at two sides of the resistance plate c4 is called as a resistance surface c6, and one end of the swing rod c3 is connected with the resistance plate c 4; the half shaft c2 is coaxial with the exciting body c1, the symmetrical middle interface of the swing rod c3 and the resistance plate c4 passes through the axis of the half shaft c2, and the swing rod c3 is perpendicular to the exciting body c 1; the interface of the rocker lever c3 and the resistance plate c4 passes through the axis of the half shaft c 2.
The exciter c is arranged in the shell a through a half shaft c2, the shaft ends of two half shafts c2 are respectively arranged in bearing holes on the left wall a1 and the cover plate b, and the exciter c can swing; the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator i abuts against an excitation surface c5 of an excitation body c1, and the free end of the leaf spring g abuts against resistance surfaces c6 on two sides of a resistance plate c 4; the mass block d is arranged on the swing rod c3 through a screw, and the position of the mass block d on the swing rod c3 is adjustable; the swing rod c3 and the mass block d are positioned between the two groups of piezoelectric vibrators i on the lower base a 31; when the piezoelectric vibrator i is formed by bonding a substrate i1 and a piezoelectric sheet i2, and the piezoelectric vibrator i is formed by bonding a substrate i1 and a piezoelectric sheet i2 bonded to one side of the substrate i, the substrate i1 abuts against an excitation surface c5 of an exciter c; each piezoelectric vibrator i is connected with the circuit board p through an independent lead group and a rectifier bridge.
In the invention, an exciter c, a piezoelectric vibrator i, a leaf spring g and a mass block d form a yaw system; when the structural size and the number of the piezoelectric vibrators i are determined, the natural frequency of a yaw system is adjusted through the structural size, the spatial position parameters and the like of the exciter c, the leaf spring g and the mass block d so as to adapt to different walking and swing arm frequencies, and further the exciter c generates a large enough relative swing angle and excites the piezoelectric vibrators i to bend, deform and generate electricity; after the other structures and parameters are determined, the natural frequency of the yaw system is adjusted by the position of the mass d on the swing rod c 3.
In the invention, the cross barThe natural frequency of the pendulum system is
In the formula: zeta is damping ratio, K and K are stiffness of the piezoelectric vibrator i and the leaf spring g respectively, m and n are number of the piezoelectric vibrator i and the leaf spring g respectively, x0, x1, x2, x3 and x4 are width of an excitation surface c5, inscribed circle radius of cross section of an excitation body c1, length of a resistance plate c4, length of a swing rod c3 and radius of a half shaft c2 respectively, m1, m2, m3 and m4 are mass of the excitation body c1, the resistance plate c4, the swing rod c3 and the half shaft c2 respectively, and length of the resistance plate c4 and the swing rod c3 are distance from free end of the resistance plate c4 and free end of the swing rod c3 to center of the half shaft c2 respectively.
In the invention, a shell a is fixed on a shank or an arm through a flexible belt and a pin shaft n; when the piezoelectric vibrator is not in work, the swing rod c3 is positioned in the vertical plane and is parallel to the leaf spring g, the piezoelectric vibrator i is in a natural state without bending deformation, and the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator i is in contact with the excitation plane c5 but has no interaction force; when the kicking leg and the swing arm are stepped on, the actuator c is forced to swing by the inertia force of the mass block d, the piezoelectric vibrator i and the leaf spring g are respectively forced to generate bending deformation by the exciting body c1 and the resistance plate c4, and the leaf spring g has the function of resetting the actuator c; the piezoelectric vibrator i converts mechanical energy into electric energy in the reciprocating bending deformation process, and the electric energy is converted to charge the portable electronic product.
In the invention, the piezoelectric vibrator i bears multiple unidirectional excitation with controllable magnitude in the one-time reciprocating swing process of the exciter c, and the piezoelectric sheet i2 only bears the compressive stress with controlled magnitude; specifically, when the actuator c swings, y = y0< y >, when Q = jq/2, y =0 when Q = jq, and N =4Q/Q, wherein j =1, 2, 3, …, Q, and Q are respectively a swing angle of the actuator c and a central angle corresponding to the excitation surface c5, the swing angle Q of the actuator c is an angle at which the swing lever c3 swings in one direction away from the equilibrium position, y0, and y are respectively a deformation amount, a maximum deformation amount, and an allowable deformation amount of the piezoelectric vibrator i, and N is the number of times of the reciprocating bending deformation of the piezoelectric vibrator i when the actuator c swings one time in a reciprocating manner.
Claims (3)
1. A walking-stimulated piezoelectric energy harvester is characterized in that: an upper base and a leaf spring seat are arranged on the upper wall of the shell, a lower base is arranged on the lower wall of the shell, piezoelectric vibrators are arranged on two sides of the upper base and the lower base, and leaf springs are arranged on two sides of the leaf spring seat; the exciter consists of an exciting body, a half shaft, a swing rod and a resistance plate, wherein the exciting body is a regular polygon prism; the excitation bodies are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the resistance plate, the half shafts are positioned at the outer side ends of the excitation bodies, the swing rods are connected with the resistance plate, and the mass blocks are arranged on the swing rods and are adjustable in position; the shaft ends of the half shafts are respectively arranged in bearing holes on the left wall of the shell and the cover plate, the free end of the piezoelectric vibrator abuts against the excitation surface of the excitation body, and the free end of the leaf spring abuts against the side surface of the resistance plate; when walking, the mass block forces the exciter to swing, the exciting body and the resistance plate respectively force the piezoelectric vibrator and the leaf spring to generate bending deformation, the piezoelectric vibrator converts mechanical energy into electric energy when performing reciprocating bending deformation, and the electric energy is converted to charge the portable electronic product.
2. The walking-excited piezoelectric harvester of claim 1, wherein: the natural frequency of the yaw system formed by the exciter, the piezoelectric vibrator, the leaf spring and the mass block is adjusted through the position of the mass block on the swing rod.
3. The walking-excited piezoelectric harvester of claim 1, wherein: in the process of one-time reciprocating swing of the exciter, the piezoelectric vibrator bears multiple unidirectional excitations with controllable magnitude, and the piezoelectric sheet bears the compressive stress with controlled magnitude.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111416849.3A CN114050741B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Walking-excited piezoelectric energy harvester |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111416849.3A CN114050741B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Walking-excited piezoelectric energy harvester |
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| CN114050741A true CN114050741A (en) | 2022-02-15 |
| CN114050741B CN114050741B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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| CN107508492A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-22 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of flag puts Exciting-simulator system wind energy collector |
| CN110798099A (en) * | 2019-05-18 | 2020-02-14 | 浙江师范大学 | Piezoelectric energy harvester for river power generation |
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2021
- 2021-11-26 CN CN202111416849.3A patent/CN114050741B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101951188A (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-01-19 | 温州大学 | Method for collecting piezoelectric energy by wind energy and device thereof |
| CN106059389A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-10-26 | 浙江师范大学 | Ship-borne positioning device |
| CN107191312A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-22 | 苏州大学 | A kind of wave-energy power generation equipment |
| CN107332470A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-07 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of multi-direction vibrating electricity generator |
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| CN114050741B (en) | 2023-06-06 |
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