CN114050295A - Quick low-temperature shutdown method for fuel cell engine - Google Patents
Quick low-temperature shutdown method for fuel cell engine Download PDFInfo
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
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- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for quickly shutting down a fuel cell engine at a low temperature, which provides an equivalent membrane resistance increase value as an index for low-temperature shutdown and purging of the fuel cell engine, and compared with the existing high-frequency impedance method obtained based on an alternating-current impedance method, the method is easier to implement and lower in cost without adding more equipment, and compared with a gas flow resistance judgment method in a flow channel, the method is higher in precision, and compared with other existing derivative methods based on a voltage drop method, the method can be suitable for a variable-current working condition in a purging process and can be suitable for a more flexible purging strategy; the system provides a rapid low-temperature purging method, and the low-temperature purging speed is greatly improved under the operating condition of avoiding the degradation of a galvanic pile caused by high potential and the like by controlling the change of temperature and the change of operating current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell engine operation, in particular to a quick low-temperature shutdown method for a fuel cell engine.
Background
With the gradual maturity of fuel cell technology, fuel cell vehicles are applied more and more widely. Compared with a lithium battery vehicle, the fuel battery vehicle is more suitable for running in the environment temperature below the freezing point due to the advantages of low-temperature adaptability, besides the endurance mileage and the energy supplement speed. However, since a large amount of liquid water is generated during the operation of the fuel cell, a certain technical means is required to perform drying treatment for several minutes before shutdown at a temperature below the freezing point, which not only prevents the mechanical structure of the membrane electrode from being damaged due to the expansion of the frozen volume of the liquid water below the freezing point, but also prevents the failure of the next startup caused by excessive drying of the water in the membrane electrode. Meanwhile, for better user experience, reducing the time of shutdown drying processing as much as possible also becomes one of the key technologies which need to be solved urgently.
Fuel cell is at the operation in-process, the galvanic pile is inside, gaseous possess higher humidity in the pipeline, it is precipitated to have more comdenstion water when low temperature state shuts down, condense inside the galvanic pile, and the galvanic pile is inside because the runner is less and the structure is inseparable, the comdenstion water freezes the inflation at low temperature state and can produce great destruction risk to its structural status, simultaneously because inside proton exchange membrane of galvanic pile needs to keep certain humidity the side can work, the event system need carry out low temperature under low temperature state and sweep the operation, reduce the inside humidity of galvanic pile to certain extent, in the inside condensation state of minimizing galvanic pile, guarantee follow-up system start-up in-process, proton exchange membrane is enough moist, can normally carry out electrochemical reaction.
The existing purging schemes of the current fuel cell mainly consist of the following three types: and external air purging, external nitrogen purging and cathode and anode purging by using reaction gas respectively. When the galvanic pile is purged by using air, directly introducing the air into a system loop for gas replacement, thereby completing the purging process; the nitrogen purging can avoid the contact of the anode loop with oxygen in the air to form a hydrogen-air interface, so that the service life and the performance of the galvanic pile are influenced, and the scheme of replacing the air purging is formed; the reaction gas purging is suitable for emergency storage of the standby state of the vehicle in the low-temperature environment vehicle operation process, a nitrogen supply device does not need to be additionally arranged on the vehicle, the control is convenient, and the method becomes a preferable purging scheme in the low-temperature vehicle operation process.
The judgment of parameters such as impedance, ohmic internal resistance and the like is the main basis for setting the shutdown purging time, and some patents are accompanied with the change of temperature. The impedance judgment is to measure the change of the potential along with the time by using an impedance tester installed in the system and by the change of a small-amplitude current rule, so as to obtain the impedance parameter in the galvanic pile, and the moisture content in the galvanic pile can be indirectly reflected by the alternating current impedance at the side due to the different impedance parameter changes of the membrane electrode humidity degree in the galvanic pile, such as patents CN202110105861.6, CN202011102665.5, and the like. Patent CN201911251811.8 also proposes a method for determining purging time by using ohmic internal resistance, in which determination is performed by detecting a preset threshold of ohmic internal resistance on line, and the purging duration is confirmed. During the purging process, as described in patent 202011593225.4, a temperature is gradually decreased, and the purging efficiency is further improved.
The technology has more defects in the implementation process and can be optimized. If the ac impedance is used for on-line detection, as a judgment basis for low-temperature purging, it is necessary to add ac impedance-related hardware in the system to support the implementation, which increases the cost requirement and complexity in structure, electrical and control.
In the process of purging by using hydrogen, because the cost and the safety risk of the hydrogen are high, purging efficiency needs to be improved as much as possible in system purging, purging time is shortened, excessive waste of the hydrogen is prevented, and the safety risk of the whole system in a shutdown state is improved. In the low-temperature purging process, a purging command is executed only by using a single current working condition point in many patents, and when the set current is too high, moisture is generated in the reaction, so that the purging time is prolonged; setting a lower current creates a higher potential, risking degradation of the stack performance and life. Although the state of sweeping through the cooperation of the stage reduction temperature can assist the discharge of the internal humidity of the system to a certain extent, the system still needs a long time to adjust the humidity from a higher humidity running state through a cooling mode, more hydrogen is generated to be wasted, and potential safety hazards can be generated under the state of a low operating point.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly shutting down a fuel cell engine at a low temperature, which provides an equivalent membrane resistance increase value as an index for low-temperature shutdown and purging of the fuel cell engine, is easier to implement and lower in cost without adding more equipment compared with a high-frequency impedance mode obtained based on an alternating-current impedance method, and is higher in precision compared with a gas flow resistance judgment method in a flow channel, and can be suitable for a variable-current working condition in a purging process and a more flexible purging strategy compared with other conventional derivative methods based on a voltage drop method; the system provides a rapid low-temperature purging method, and the low-temperature purging speed is greatly improved under the operating condition of avoiding the degradation of a galvanic pile caused by high potential and the like by controlling the change of temperature and the change of operating current.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the application discloses a method for quickly shutting down a fuel cell engine at low temperature, which comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving a shutdown command by the engine; determining a threshold range of low-temperature purging according to the estimated value of the ambient temperature; the threshold for low temperature purging comprises an equivalent average monolithic resistance cumulative increase value for stopping purging
Threshold value of R2 and temperature-adjusted equivalent average monolithic resistance cumulative increase value
R1; the R2 is greater than R1;
s2, setting a temperature value range T1-T2 at the inlet of the galvanic pile; cumulative added value to equivalent average monolithic resistance
Monitoring is carried out;
s3, keeping the current parameter running low-temperature purging, reading the accumulated increase value of the average single-chip equivalent resistance
Whether greater than R1;
s31, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is higher than R1, adjusting the inlet temperature of the cell stack to be lower than T3, and returning to the step S3;
s32, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the average single chip voltage is less than or equal to R1, monitoring whether the average single chip voltage is less than a safe value and the current is greater than the minimum purging current I0;
s321, if the average single-chip voltage is smaller than a safety value and the current is larger than the minimum purging current I0, reducing the current and returning to the step S3;
s322; if the average single-chip voltage is greater than or equal to the safety value or the current is less than or equal to the minimum purging current I0, continuing to step S4;
s4, judging the accumulated added value of the average single-chip equivalent resistance
Whether greater than R2;
s41, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is greater than R2, ending low-temperature purging, and entering a normal shutdown process;
s42 RuipingEquivalent resistance cumulative added value of uniform chip
R2 or less, the process returns to step S3.
Preferably, the equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value in the step S2
The monitoring process is as follows:
a1, reading the current value I1 and the current on-chip voltage value V0, setting the current accumulated resistance increase value R0=0, initializing
= 0; operating low-temperature purging;
a2, operating low-temperature purging; judging whether the current value I1 changes or not;
a21, if changed, updating R0=
(ii) a Updating I1 to be the current value, updating V0 to be the current voltage value, and then entering the step A3;
a22, if no change occurs, entering step A3;
a3, reading the current average monolithic voltage value V1, and calculating the current equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulated increased value:
；
a4, judging whether to stop iteration;
a5, if the iteration is not stopped, returning to the step A2; and if the iteration is stopped, calculating to obtain the final equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulated increased value.
Preferably, in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is-10 ℃ to 0 ℃, R2 is 0.6 milliohm to 0.9 milliohm; r1 is 0.35-0.65 mOhm.
Preferably, in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is-20 to-10 ℃, R2 is 0.85 to 1.15 milliohms; r1 is 0.6-0.9 mOhm.
Preferably, in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is-30 ℃ to-20 ℃, R2 is 1.1 milliohm to 1.4 milliohm; r1 is 0.85 milliohm-1.15 milliohm.
Preferably, in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is less than-30 ℃, R2 is 1.35 milliohms to 1.65 milliohms; r1 is 1.1-1.4 mOhm.
Preferably, the T1 has a value range of 71-73 ℃, the T2 has a value range of 75-77 ℃, and the T3 has a value range of 29-31 ℃;
preferably, the safe value of the voltage in the step S32 is 0.75-0.8V, the reduction amount of the current reduced in the step S321 is 2-6A, and the minimum purge current is 12A-15A.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the existing high-frequency impedance mode obtained based on an alternating current impedance method, the method is easier to implement and lower in cost without adding more equipment, and compared with the method for judging the flow resistance of gas in a flow channel, the method is higher in precision, and compared with other existing derivative methods based on a voltage drop method, the method can be suitable for the variable current working condition in the purging process and can be suitable for a more flexible purging strategy.
2. A method for processing the galvanic pile with different drying degrees based on different storage temperatures in different environments is provided. According to the judgment of the requirement of the controller on the storage temperature of the electric pile, different thresholds of the accumulation increasing value of the equivalent resistance are set, the threshold is lower when the temperature is higher, and the threshold is higher when the temperature is lower, so that the self-adaptive adjustment in the purging process is realized, and the drying processing time is further shortened.
3. A temperature control strategy in the low-temperature shutdown purging process is provided, when the accumulated increase value of the equivalent resistance is smaller than R1, the waterway three-way valve and the heater are controlled to maintain the water inlet temperature of the coolant within the range of T1-T2, and the water evaporation in the membrane electrode is accelerated at a higher temperature; when the cumulative increase value of the equivalent resistance is higher than R1, the waterway three-way valve and the radiator are controlled to control the temperature of the coolant below T3, so that water vapor in the gas is quickly condensed and is carried out of the system along with the gas flow.
4. A voltage clamping following control strategy is provided, in the low-temperature purging process, the smaller the current of the electric pile is, the less water generated during operation is beneficial to accelerating the low-temperature purging speed, but the too small current can cause higher single-chip voltage, the aging speed of the electric pile is accelerated, the service life is influenced, and the voltage value is generally required to be lower than the clamping voltage V1. Meanwhile, during the operation of the fuel cell, as the water content of the membrane electrode is gradually reduced, the voltage of the fuel cell is gradually reduced under the same current density. Based on the characteristics and the actual performance of the electric pile, the current density of the electric pile is set to be I1 at the initial stage of executing low-temperature purging, the current density is gradually reduced along with the reduction of the voltage of a single chip, the voltage of the electric pile is guaranteed to be always lower than the clamping voltage V1, and the influence of the over-fast attenuation of the electric pile on the service life is avoided.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the cumulative increase in the equivalent average on-chip resistance according to an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic monitoring flow diagram of (1);
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for fast shutting down a fuel cell engine at low temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention includes determining a lowest storage temperature that the engine may encounter, using a vehicle networking device (e.g., remote monitoring), acquiring positioning information by a vehicle-mounted GPS, transmitting the positioning information to a server, and performing a low-temperature shutdown operation by the vehicle networking deviceThe server acquires a weather forecast of the location, and finally sends the weather forecast to the vehicle-mounted Internet of vehicles, generally speaking, different storage temperatures have different requirements on the water content in the membrane electrode, and the lower the temperature is, the lower the water content in the membrane electrode is required to be. Dividing the lowest possible storage temperature into four grades of-10-0 ℃, 20-10 ℃, 30-20 ℃ and below-30 ℃, and correspondingly stopping the equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value of blowing
The threshold values R2 are respectively 0.75m omega +/-0.15 m omega, 1m omega +/-0.15 m omega, 1.25m omega +/-0.15 m omega and 1.5m omega +/-0.15 m omega, and the corresponding temperature-adjusted equivalent average monolithic resistance cumulative increase value
The threshold values R1 of (1) are respectively 0.5m omega +/-0.15 m omega, 0.75m omega +/-0.15 m omega, 1m omega +/-0.15 m omega and 1.25m omega +/-0.15 m omega.
The temperature of the galvanic pile, which is one of important parameters in the low-temperature purging process, can greatly influence the time of low-temperature purging, and generally, the higher temperature of the galvanic pile is helpful for water in the membrane electrode to evaporate and be taken out of the system along with the air flow; however, if the temperature is kept in a higher state all the time, condensed water is generated along with the temperature reduction once the shutdown is finished, the influence of the freezing and blocking of the flow channel on the restart is possibly caused, and compared with a cooling mode in the traditional low-temperature purging strategy, the temperature-reducing method provided by the invention is based on the index of the equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value of the galvanic pile, and different temperature strategies are adopted in different periods of the water-containing state of the galvanic pile. When the low-temperature purging is just started, the temperature of the inlet of the stack coolant is set to be in a higher numerical range T1-T2 when the water content in the stack membrane electrode is high, the rapid evaporation of water is facilitated, when the cumulative increase value of the equivalent average monolithic resistance reaches R1, the water content of the membrane electrode is reduced, and at the moment, the set value of the stack temperature is reduced to be below a certain calibrated numerical value T3 in the period close to the later half of the low-temperature purging. During this period, water vapor in the flow channels and pipes of the stack condenses into liquid water and is discharged out of the system along with the gas flow.
In the low-temperature purging process, the purging strategy of the galvanic pile is mostly to purge and drain water by adopting a gas flow under a large excess ratio under a certain relatively small current. Because the galvanic pile can generate water in the running process, when the set current is too high, moisture can be generated in the reaction, and the purging time is prolonged; setting a lower current creates a higher potential, risking degradation of the stack performance and life. The invention provides an adaptive control strategy based on an average voltage clamp value, which is characterized in that a proper preset calibrated current value is set in an initial purging state, the average monolithic voltage of a galvanic pile is ensured not to exceed the clamp value of 0.8-0.85V, and the purging process is continued after 2-6A of current is reduced when the voltage is lower than the safety value of 0.75-0.8V. And repeating the steps until the current is reduced to 12-15A below the minimum purging current, and keeping the current unchanged until purging is finished.
Since the equivalent resistance of the membrane electrode increases with the decrease of the water content, the cumulative increase value of the equivalent average monolithic resistance of the stack is defined in the patent
As a threshold value for the low temperature purge process to stop,
the calculation method of (2) is shown in the attached figure:
a1, reading the current value I1 and the current on-chip voltage value V0, setting the current accumulated resistance increase value R0=0, initializing
= 0; operating low-temperature purging;
a2, operating low-temperature purging; judging whether the current value I1 changes or not;
a21, if changed, updating R0=
(ii) a Updating I1 to be the current value, updating V0 to be the current voltage value, and then entering the step A3;
a22, if no change occurs, entering step A3;
a3, reading the current average monolithic voltage value V1, and calculating the current equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulated increased value:
；
a4, judging whether to stop iteration;
a5, if the iteration is not stopped, returning to the step A2; and if the iteration is stopped, calculating to obtain the final equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulated increased value.
The physical meaning is the cumulative magnitude of change in the ohmic resistance of the stack average monolithic cell over a period of time. Because the absolute numerical difference of the ohmic resistance of the fuel cell under different current outputs is expressed, if the absolute numerical difference is used as a representation during low-temperature purging, and if the load current changes, the judgment means fails. In order to provide a more flexible purging strategy, the invention provides an index of the accumulated increase value of the equivalent average monolithic resistance of the electric pile, and a continuous index value can be obtained even if the current changes in the purging process and can be used as the basis for judgment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the engine receives a shutdown command; determining the cumulative increase value of the equivalent average monolithic resistance of the stopped blowing according to the estimated value of the ambient temperature of-10 ℃ to 0 DEG C
Is 0.75m omega, the temperature-regulated equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value
0.5m Ω;
s2, setting a temperature value range of an inlet of the galvanic pile to be 71-75 ℃; cumulative added value to equivalent average monolithic resistance
Monitoring is carried out;
s3, keeping the current parameter running low-temperature purging, reading the accumulated increase value of the average single-chip equivalent resistance
Whether greater than 0.5m Ω;
s31, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 0.5m omega, adjusting the inlet temperature of the galvanic pile to be below 29 ℃, and simultaneously returning to the step S3;
s32, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the current is less than or equal to 0.5m omega, monitoring whether the average single-chip voltage is less than a safe value of 0.75v and the current is greater than the minimum purging current of 12A;
s321, if the average single-chip voltage is smaller than the safety value and the current is larger than the minimum purging current 12A, reducing the current 2A and returning to the step S3;
s322; if the average single-chip voltage is greater than or equal to the safety value 0.75v or the current is less than or equal to the minimum purge current 12A, continuing to step S4;
s4, continuing to monitor
Judging the cumulative increase value of the average monolithic equivalent resistance
Whether greater than 0.75m Ω;
s41, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 0.75m omega, ending the low-temperature purging, and entering a normal shutdown process;
s42, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If not more than 0.75 m.OMEGA, the process returns to step S3.
Example two:
the engine receives a shutdown command; determining the cumulative increase value of the equivalent average monolithic resistance of the stopped blowing according to the predicted value of the ambient temperature ranging from-20 ℃ to-10 DEG C
Has a threshold of 1m omega, and the temperature-regulated equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value
0.75m Ω;
s2, setting a temperature value range of an inlet of the galvanic pile to be 72-76 ℃; cumulative added value to equivalent average monolithic resistance
Monitoring is carried out;
s3, keeping the current parameter running low-temperature purging, reading the accumulated increase value of the average single-chip equivalent resistance
Whether greater than 0.75m Ω;
s31, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 0.75m omega, adjusting the inlet temperature of the galvanic pile to be below 30 ℃, and simultaneously returning to the step S3;
s32, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the current is less than or equal to 0.75m omega, monitoring whether the average single-chip voltage is less than a safe value of 0.76v and the current is greater than the minimum purging current 13A;
s321, if the average single-chip voltage is smaller than the safety value and the current is larger than the minimum purging current 13A, reducing the current 3A and returning to the step S3;
s322; if the average single-chip voltage is greater than or equal to the safety value 0.76v or the current is less than or equal to the minimum purge current 13A, continuing to step S4;
s4, continuing to monitor
Judging the cumulative increase value of the average monolithic equivalent resistance
Whether it is greater than 1m Ω;
s41, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 1m omega, ending the low-temperature purging, and entering a normal shutdown process;
s42, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If it is 1m Ω or less, the process returns to step S3.
Example three:
the engine receives a shutdown command; determining the equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulated increase value of the stopped blowing according to the predicted value of the ambient temperature ranging from-30 ℃ to-20 DEG C
Is 1.25m omega, the temperature-regulated equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value
1m Ω of (d);
s2, setting a temperature value range of an inlet of the galvanic pile to be 72-76 ℃; cumulative added value to equivalent average monolithic resistance
Monitoring is carried out;
s3, keeping the current parameter running low-temperature purging, reading the accumulated increase value of the average single-chip equivalent resistance
Whether or not toGreater than 1m Ω;
s31, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 1m omega, adjusting the inlet temperature of the galvanic pile to be below 30 ℃, and simultaneously returning to the step S3;
s32, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the average single-chip voltage is less than or equal to 1m omega, monitoring whether the average single-chip voltage is less than a safe value of 0.78v and the current is greater than the minimum purge current 14A;
s321, if the average single-chip voltage is smaller than the safety value and the current is larger than the minimum purge current 14A, reducing the current 5A and returning to the step S3;
s322; if the average single-chip voltage is greater than or equal to the safety value 0.78v or the current is less than or equal to the minimum purge current 14A, continuing to step S4;
s4, continuing to monitor
Judging the cumulative increase value of the average monolithic equivalent resistance
Whether greater than 1.25m Ω;
s41, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 1.25m omega, ending the low-temperature purging, and entering a normal shutdown process;
s42, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If it is 1.25m Ω or less, the process returns to step S3.
Example four:
the engine receives a shutdown command; based on the estimated value of ambient temperature being less than-30 deg.CEquivalent average monolithic resistance cumulative increase with fixed stop purge
Has a threshold of 1.5m omega, and the temperature-regulated equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value
1.25m Ω;
s2, setting a temperature value range of an inlet of the galvanic pile to be 73-77 ℃; cumulative added value to equivalent average monolithic resistance
Monitoring is carried out;
s3, keeping the current parameter running low-temperature purging, reading the accumulated increase value of the average single-chip equivalent resistance
Whether greater than 1.25m Ω;
s31, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 1.25m omega, adjusting the inlet temperature of the galvanic pile to be below 31 ℃, and simultaneously returning to the step S3;
s32, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the current is less than or equal to 1.25m omega, monitoring whether the average single-chip voltage is less than a safe value of 0.8v and the current is greater than the minimum purging current of 15A;
s321, if the average single-chip voltage is smaller than the safety value and the current is larger than the minimum purge current 15A, reducing the current 6A and returning to the step S3;
s322; if the average single-chip voltage is greater than or equal to the safety value 0.8v or the current is less than or equal to the minimum purge current 15A, continuing to step S4;
s4, continuing to monitor
Judging the cumulative increase value of the average monolithic equivalent resistance
Whether greater than 1.5m Ω;
s41, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If the temperature is more than 1.5m omega, ending the low-temperature purging, and entering a normal shutdown process;
s42, averaging the cumulative increase of the equivalent resistance of the single chip
If it is 1.5m Ω or less, the process returns to step S3.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine, comprising the steps of:
s1, receiving a shutdown command by the engine; determining a threshold range of low-temperature purging according to the estimated value of the ambient temperature; the threshold values of the low-temperature purging comprise a threshold value R2 of an equivalent average monolithic resistance cumulative increase value delta R for stopping purging and a threshold value R1 of a temperature-adjusted equivalent average monolithic resistance cumulative increase value delta R; the R2 is greater than R1;
s2, setting a temperature value range T1-T2 at the inlet of the galvanic pile; monitoring the equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value delta R;
s3, keeping the current parameter running low-temperature purging, and reading whether the average monolithic equivalent resistance accumulated increase value delta R is larger than R1;
s31, if the average monolithic equivalent resistance accumulated increased value delta R is larger than R1, adjusting the inlet temperature of the galvanic pile to be below T3, and returning to the step S3;
s32, if the accumulated increase value delta R of the average single-chip equivalent resistance is less than or equal to R1, monitoring whether the average single-chip voltage is less than a safety value and the current is greater than the minimum purge current I0;
s321, if the average single-chip voltage is smaller than a safety value and the current is larger than the minimum purging current I0, reducing the current and returning to the step S3;
s322; if the average single-chip voltage is greater than or equal to the safety value or the current is less than or equal to the minimum purging current I0, continuing to step S4;
s4, continuously monitoring the delta R, and judging whether the average single-chip equivalent resistance accumulation increased value delta R is larger than R2;
s41, if the accumulated increase value delta R of the average monolithic equivalent resistance is larger than R2, ending the low-temperature purging, and entering a normal shutdown process;
s42, if the average monolithic equivalent resistance cumulative added value DeltaR is less than or equal to R2, go back to step S3.
2. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the monitoring process of the equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulation increase value Δ R in step S2 is as follows:
a1, reading a current value I1 and a current monolithic voltage value V0, setting a current accumulated resistance increase value R0 to 0, and initializing Δ R to 0; operating low-temperature purging;
a2, operating low-temperature purging; judging whether the current value I1 changes or not;
a21, if changed, updating R0 ═ Δ R; updating I1 to be the current value, updating V0 to be the current voltage value, and then entering the step A3;
a22, if no change occurs, entering step A3;
a3, reading the current average monolithic voltage value V1, and calculating the current equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulated increased value:
a4, judging whether to stop iteration;
a5, if the iteration is not stopped, returning to the step A2; and if the iteration is stopped, calculating to obtain the final equivalent average monolithic resistance accumulated increased value.
3. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is-10 ℃ to 0 ℃, R2 is 0.6 milliohm to 0.9 milliohm; r1 is 0.35-0.65 mOhm.
4. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is-20 ℃ to-10 ℃, R2 is 0.85 milliohm to 1.15 milliohm; r1 is 0.6-0.9 mOhm.
5. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is-30 ℃ to-20 ℃, R2 is 1.1 milliohm to 1.4 milliohm; r1 is 0.85-1.15 mOhm.
6. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, when the ambient temperature is less than-30 ℃, R2 is 1.35-1.65 milliohms; r1 is 1.1-1.4 mOhm.
7. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the value range of the T1 is 71-73 ℃, the value range of the T2 is 75-77 ℃, and the value range of the T3 is 29-31 ℃.
8. A method for rapid low temperature shutdown of a fuel cell engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the safe value of the voltage in the step S32 is 0.75-0.8V, the reduction amount of the current reduced in the step S321 is 2-6A, and the minimum purge current is 12A-15A.
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Denomination of invention: A Fast Low Temperature Shutdown Method for Fuel Cell Engines Effective date of registration: 20231222 Granted publication date: 20220429 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Jinhua Wucheng branch Pledgor: Jinhua Hydrogen Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980072941 |
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