CN114047040B - Preparation method for remolding large-volume rock sample in drilling method shaft sinking hob broken weak cemented rock test - Google Patents
Preparation method for remolding large-volume rock sample in drilling method shaft sinking hob broken weak cemented rock test Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 267
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 288
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 288
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 23
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for remolding a large-volume rock sample in a drilling method shaft sinking hob broken weak cemented rock test, which comprises the following steps: preparing rock particles; adding water into the rock particles and stirring to obtain a weakly consolidated rock particle adhesive, wherein the uniaxial compressive strength is R 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Pouring the weakly consolidated rock particles into a heavy plastic steel barrel; applying pressure to obtain a remolded weakly cemented rock cylinder; preparing a remolded weak cemented rock sample, and measuring a uniaxial compressive strength value R of the remolded weak cemented rock sample; adjusting the water mixing ratio and consolidation pressure value, and repeating the above steps until R is obtained 0 R is more than or equal to R; the ratio of the mass of water to the rock particles is noted as X; manufacturing and installing a remolded rock sample steel mould, preparing a weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body with the mass ratio of water to rock particles being X, and loading the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body into the remolded rock sample steel mould; and compacting and solidifying to obtain the remolded weakly consolidated large-volume rock sample. The method is simple and convenient to operate and easy to succeed, and solves the problem that a large-volume rock sample cannot be successfully processed in a weak cemented rock test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of large-volume rock samples. In particular to a preparation method of a remolded large-volume rock sample for a drilling method, a shaft sinking hob and a broken weak cemented rock test.
Background
The dwarfism and chalky strata diagenetic environment, diagenetic age and sedimentation process of coal mining areas represented by Huidos, meng Dong and Shanxi in the west have certain specialities, and the strata mainly adopts sedimentary sandstone formed by erosion, alteration, compaction and cementing of particulate matters and cementing matters, has the characteristics of low strength, poor cementing performance, easy weathering, sensitive disturbance and the like, and particularly easily softens, sliming, disintegrates and the like after meeting water, thereby leading to the degradation of mechanical properties and the great reduction of strength. In recent years, under the promotion of strategic requirements of coal resource development and coal resource requirements in China, the distribution trend of weak cemented stratum of a newly built well bore project in a western region is increased, and a well drilling method with the advantages of high mechanization degree, automatic drilling control, underground unmanned and the like is adopted, so that the well drilling method is an important well drilling technology for promoting unmanned, mechanized and intelligent high-quality development of well bore construction of weak cemented stratum in a western mining region. However, efficient mechanical rock breaking and precise drilling technologies are one of the key technical bottlenecks restricting drilling by a drilling method, and the drilling speed is determined by the efficiency of mechanical rock breaking. Therefore, to analyze the rock breaking efficiency of the cutter in the drilling process of the drilling method, a series of rock breaking efficiency test research systems aiming at the weak cemented rock broken by the hob in the drilling process of the drilling method are established, so that the design optimization of the rock breaking cutter and the rock breaking parameters is realized.
Because the weakly cemented rock particles have the characteristics of low cementing degree, sensitive disturbance and the like, the rock is easy to crush, when the cemented rock is subjected to indoor common mechanical experiments, the yield of processing standard cylindrical (50 mm multiplied by 100 mm) samples is very low, and large-volume (1500 mm multiplied by 500mm multiplied by 300 mm) undisturbed rock blocks for indoor full-size mechanical rock breaking experiments are less likely to be processed, so that the requirements of hob rock breaking experiments cannot be met, and the research on hob rock breaking weakly cemented rock mechanism and efficiency is severely restricted. Therefore, improvement on the existing processing technology of the large-volume weakly cemented rock sample is urgently needed, so that the processed rock sample can meet the requirements of full-size hob breaking test.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the preparation method for the large-volume rock sample remolded by the drilling method drilling hob breaking weak cemented rock test, which is simple and convenient to operate, easy to process and capable of ensuring that the weak cemented rock remolded meets the hob breaking test, so as to solve the problem that the large-volume rock sample in the current weak cemented rock test cannot be processed successfully.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation method for remolding a large-volume rock sample in a drilling method, a shaft sinking hob and a broken weak cemented rock test comprises the following steps:
(1) Mechanically crushing undisturbed weakly cemented rock blocks with different broken block sizes on an engineering site to obtain rock particles; adding water into the rock particles and stirring to obtain weakly cemented rock particle adhibits; measuring the average value of the uniaxial compressive strength of the undisturbed weakly consolidated rock mass, and recording as R 0 ；
(2) Installing a reaction frame device, pouring the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body into a heavy plastic steel barrel of the reaction frame device in a layered manner, and performing preliminary vibration on each layer by adopting a compaction hammer respectively until the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body is compacted;
(3) Applying pressure to the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive in the remolded steel drum to compact and solidify, so that the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive forms remolded weakly cemented rock cylinders in the heavy plastic steel drum;
(4) Cutting the remolded weakly cemented rock cylinder to obtain a remolded weakly cemented rock sample, and measuring the uniaxial compressive strength value of the remolded weakly cemented rock sample, and marking the uniaxial compressive strength value as R;
(5) Comparison R 0 And R is a value according to R 0 Adjusting the water mixing ratio in the step (1) and the consolidation pressure parameter value in the step (3) according to the difference value between the water mixing ratio and R, and repeating the steps (1) to (4) until R is more than or equal to R 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The ratio of water to rock particles mass in step (1) is denoted as X and the final consolidation pressure value applied in step (3) is denoted as M 0 ；
(6) Manufacturing and installing a remolded rock sample steel mould, preparing the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body according to the mass ratio of water to rock particles of X in the method in the step (1), and layering the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body into the remolded rock sample steel mould, wherein each layer is subjected to preliminary vibration by a compaction hammer until the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body is compacted;
(7) To be remodelled as describedAfter filling the weakly consolidated rock particle adhesive in the rock sample steel mould, carrying out compaction consolidation by applying pressure to the remolded rock sample steel mould in a grading manner, wherein the applied pressure in the compaction consolidation is greater than or equal to the consolidation pressure value M obtained in the step (5) 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And compacting and solidifying to obtain the remolded weakly consolidated large-volume rock sample.
In the preparation method of the remolded large-volume rock sample for the drilling method, the broken weak cemented rock test of the shaft sinking hob, in the step (1), the granularity of rock particles is 0-10 mm; in step (2), the thickness of the bond of the weakly consolidated rock particles of each layer is 1/5 of the height of the reshaped steel drum; in step (6), the thickness of the bond of weakly cemented rock particles packed in each layer is 1/4 of the height of the remolded rock sample steel mold.
In the step (2), the reaction frame device comprises a reaction frame cover plate, a base drain plate, a remolded steel barrel, an air compressor box and a pressure control meter; the reaction frame cover plate is arranged above the upper surface of the air compressor case through a telescopic upright post, a transmission rod is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the reaction frame cover plate, and the transmission rod is perpendicular to the lower surface of the reaction frame cover plate; the base drain plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the air compressor case and is positioned right below the reaction frame cover plate; the pressure control meter is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the reaction frame cover plate, and the signal input end of the pressure control meter penetrates through the reaction frame cover plate and is connected with the signal output end of the transmission rod; the signal input end of the transmission rod extends into the remolded steel drum from the top of the remolded steel drum, a pressure sensor is arranged between the end face of the transmission rod and the weak cemented rock particle adhesive body, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of the transmission rod; the bottom of the remolded steel drum is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base drain board; the air compressor case is provided with a compressor controller.
According to the preparation method of the remolded large-volume rock sample for the broken weak cemented rock test of the well drilling method rock-drilling hob, an upper porous permeable steel pad, an upper fiber filter screen, a weak cemented rock particle binder, a lower fiber filter screen and a lower porous permeable steel pad are sequentially detachably arranged in the remolded steel barrel from top to bottom, and the cross sections of the upper porous permeable steel pad, the upper fiber filter screen, the lower fiber filter screen and the lower porous permeable steel pad are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the central axis of the remolded steel barrel; the lower surface of the upper porous water-permeable steel pad is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the upper fiber filter screen, and the lower surface of the lower fiber filter screen is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the lower porous water-permeable steel pad; the cross sectional areas of the upper porous water permeable steel pad, the upper fiber filter screen, the lower fiber filter screen and the lower porous water permeable steel pad are smaller than or equal to the cross sectional area of the remolded steel barrel, and the upper porous water permeable steel pad and the upper fiber filter screen can move up and down along the inner wall of the remolded steel barrel in the heavy plastic steel barrel;
the signal input end of the transmission rod is propped against the upper porous water-permeable steel pad, the space between the upper fiber filter screen and the lower fiber filter screen is filled with the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body, and the lower surface of the lower porous water-permeable steel pad is in fluid communication with the base drain plate.
In the preparation method of the remolded large-volume rock sample for the drilling method shaft sinking hob broken weak cemented rock test, in the step (2) and the step (3), the inner diameter of the remolded steel barrel is 50mm, and the height is 200mm; in step (4), the remolded weakly cemented rock sample has a diameter of 50mm and a height of 100mm.
In the step (4), a single-shaft compression test device is used for measuring an R value, and the single-shaft compression test device comprises a control system, a data acquisition instrument, a control cabinet and a rock single-shaft servo press; the signal input end of the control system is connected with the signal output end of the data acquisition instrument, the signal input end of the data acquisition instrument is connected with the signal output end of the rock single-shaft servo press, and the signal input end of the rock single-shaft servo press is connected with the signal input and output end of the control cabinet;
in step (4), the reshaped weakly cemented rock specimen is placed on a pad of the rock uniaxial servo press with a ram of the rock uniaxial servo press located directly above the reshaped weakly cemented rock specimen.
In the preparation method of the remolded large-volume rock sample for the drilling method, the pressure is applied in a staged pressurizing mode in the step (3), the loading duration of each stage of pressure is 12h, the pressurization is carried out in 3 stages, the pressure is sequentially applied from the first stage to the third stage, namely, 4MPa, 8MPa and 12MPa, when the loading pressure of the third stage is greater than or equal to 12MPa, the pressure is applied, and the pressure applied by the third stage is 12MPa, namely M 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the step (6), the pressure is applied in a manner of being stepped and pressurized in 3 stages, and the pressure is applied sequentially from the first stage to the third stage by 1/3M 0 MPa、2/3M 0 MPa and M 0 The loading duration of each stage of pressure is 24h under the condition that the loading pressure of the third stage is greater than or equal to M 0 At MPa, the application of pressure is ended.
In the step (6), the remolded rock sample steel mould comprises an upper steel plate, a lower steel plate, a first wide-side steel plate, a second wide-side steel plate, a first long-side steel plate and a second long-side steel plate; the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate are parallel to each other, the first wide-side steel plate and the second wide-side steel plate are parallel to each other, and the first long-side steel plate and the second long-side steel plate are parallel to each other; the first wide side steel plate, the second wide side steel plate, the first long side steel plate and the second long side steel plate are fixedly connected by bolts to form a long square frame; a rectangular groove is formed in the lower steel plate, the rectangular groove is matched with a rectangle surrounded by the wall bottom of the long square frame, and the rectangular frame is fixedly arranged on the lower steel plate through the rectangular groove; the length of the upper steel plate is smaller than or equal to the distance between the inner wall of the first wide-side steel plate and the inner wall of the second wide-side steel plate, and the width of the upper steel plate is smaller than or equal to the distance between the inner wall of the first long-side steel plate and the inner wall of the second long-side steel plate; the lower steel plate is provided with drain holes, and the two ends of the upper steel plate are provided with upper steel plate lifting points;
an upper porous permeable steel pad, an upper fiber filter screen, a weakly consolidated rock particle adhesive, a lower fiber filter screen and a lower porous permeable steel pad are sequentially detachably arranged in the remolded rock sample steel mould from top to bottom, and the cross sections of the upper porous permeable steel pad, the upper fiber filter screen, the lower fiber filter screen and the lower porous permeable steel pad are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the central axis of the remolded steel barrel; the lower surface of the upper porous water-permeable steel pad is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the upper fiber filter screen, and the lower surface of the lower fiber filter screen is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the lower porous water-permeable steel pad; the cross sectional areas of the upper porous permeable steel pad, the upper fiber filter screen, the lower fiber filter screen and the lower porous permeable steel pad are smaller than or equal to the cross sectional area of the remolded rock sample steel mold, and the upper porous permeable steel pad and the upper fiber filter screen can move up and down along the inner wall of the remolded rock sample steel mold in the remolded rock sample steel mold;
the space between the upper fiber filter screen and the lower fiber filter screen is filled with a weakly cemented rock particle adhesive, a pressure sensor is arranged in the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive, and a signal output end of the pressure sensor extends out of the remolded rock sample steel die through a sensor data line; the lower surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad is in fluid communication with the drain holes on the lower steel plate.
According to the preparation method of the remolded large-volume rock sample for the drilling method shaft sinking hob broken weak cemented rock test, the length of the inner cavity of the remolded rock sample steel mould is 1500mm, the width is 500mm, and the height is 400mm; the thicknesses of the first wide-side steel plate, the second wide-side steel plate, the first long-side steel plate and the second long-side steel plate are all 80mm; the depth of the rectangular groove is 30mm, 3 drainage holes are formed in the lower steel plate, and the thickness of the lower steel plate is 100mm.
In the step (7), a multifunctional compaction test bed is adopted to apply pressure to the remolded rock sample steel mould in a grading manner for compaction and consolidation, and the multifunctional compaction test bed comprises vertical supporting legs, a loading cross beam, a loading oil cylinder and a loading cover plate; the two vertical supporting legs are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the table top of the multifunctional compaction test table, longitudinal sliding grooves are formed in the two vertical supporting legs, and two ends of the loading cross beam are respectively and slidably connected with the two vertical supporting legs through the longitudinal sliding grooves; one end of the loading oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the loading cross beam through a connecting piece, and the other end of the loading oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the loading cover plate through a connecting piece; and the lower surface of the loading cover plate is propped against the upper steel plate of the remolded rock sample steel die.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the preparation method for remolding the large-volume rock sample in the drilling method shaft sinking hob broken weak cemented rock test is simple and convenient to operate, the rock sample is easy to succeed, and the problem that the large-volume rock sample in the current weak cemented rock test cannot be processed successfully is solved. In addition, the pressure sensor is arranged in the large-volume weakly consolidated rock sample prepared by the method, so that the pressure value in the rock sample preparation process can be monitored, and the pressure data in the hob rock breaking test process can be collected more easily.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the reaction frame device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the heavy plastic steel barrel of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a uniaxial compression test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a remolded rock sample steel mold in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a remolded rock specimen steel mold in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a compaction apparatus for a multifunctional test bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the preparation of a remolded bulk rock sample according to the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 1-a pressure control gauge; 2-a telescopic upright post; 3-remolding the steel drum; 4-a base drain board; 5-an air compressor case; 6-a lower porous water permeable steel pad; 7-a lower fiber filter screen; 8-compressor controller; 9-feeding a fiber filter screen; 10-upper porous water permeable steel pad; 11-a transmission rod; 12-a reaction frame cover plate; 13-a control system; 14-a data acquisition instrument; 15-pressing head; 16-remolding the weakly cemented rock sample; 17-cushion blocks; 18-a control cabinet; 19-connecting bolts; 20-a rectangular groove; 21-a drain hole; 22-lifting points of the upper steel plate; 23-upper steel plate; 24-lower steel plate; 25-a second long side steel plate; 26-a first wide-side steel plate; 27-a second wide-side steel plate; 28-a first long side steel plate; 29-a pressure sensor; 30-sensor data lines; 31-remolding the rock sample steel mould; 32-vertical support legs; 33-loading a beam; 34-loading the oil cylinder; 35-loading a cover plate; 36-rock uniaxial servo press; 37-weak bond rock particle bond.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 7, a method for preparing a remolded large-volume rock sample in a drilling method, a shaft sinking hob and a weak cemented rock breaking test comprises the following steps:
(1) Mechanically crushing undisturbed weakly cemented rock blocks with different broken block sizes on an engineering site to obtain rock particles; adding water into the rock particles and stirring to obtain weakly cemented rock particle adhibits; the average value of uniaxial compressive strength of the undisturbed weakly consolidated rock mass is measured and recorded as R 0 In this example, R is measured 0 ＝10MPa；
(2) Installing a reaction frame device, pouring the weakly consolidated rock particle adhesive into a heavy plastic steel barrel of the reaction frame device in a layered manner, and performing preliminary vibration on each layer by adopting a compaction hammer until the weakly consolidated rock particle adhesive is compacted;
(3) Applying pressure to the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive in the heavy plastic steel barrel to compact and solidify, so that the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive forms a remolded weakly cemented rock cylinder in the remolded steel barrel;
(4) After demolding the remolded weakly cemented rock cylinder, cutting the remolded weakly cemented rock cylinder to obtain a remolded weakly cemented rock sample, and determining the uniaxial compressive strength value of the remolded weakly cemented rock sample, and marking the uniaxial compressive strength value as R;
(5) Comparison R 0 And R is a value according to R 0 Adjusting the water mixing ratio in the step (1) and the consolidation pressure parameter value in the step (3) with the difference value between R, and repeating the steps (1) to (4) until the obtained R value is more than or equal to 10MPa; at this time, the mass ratio of water to rock particles in the step (1) is 16%, and the consolidation pressure value M applied in the step (3) is 0 ＝12MPa；
(6) Manufacturing and installing a remolded rock sample steel mould, preparing a weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body according to the method in the step (1) with the mass ratio of water to rock particles of 16%, and layering the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body into the remolded rock sample steel mould, wherein each layer is subjected to preliminary vibration by a compaction hammer until the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body is compacted;
(7) After the remolded rock sample steel mould is filled with the weakly consolidated rock particle adhesive, carrying out compaction consolidation by applying pressure to the remolded rock sample steel mould in a grading manner, wherein the applied pressure during compaction consolidation is more than or equal to the consolidation pressure value 12MPa obtained in the step (5); and compacting and solidifying to obtain the remolded weakly consolidated large-volume rock sample.
In the step (1), the granularity of rock particles is 0-10 mm; in the step (2), the thickness of the adhesive body of the weakly consolidated rock particles filled in each layer is 1/5 of the height of the heavy plastic steel barrel; in step (6), the thickness of each layer of packed weakly cemented rock particle binder is 1/4 of the height of the gravity rock sample steel mould. In this embodiment, since the height-to-diameter ratio of the heavy plastic steel barrel (for preparing the small-volume rock sample) is 4:1, and the height-to-width ratio of the remolded rock sample steel mould (for preparing the large-volume rock sample) is 0.8:1, the small-volume rock sample is larger in height and harder to compact, the small-volume rock sample is more in number of layers, and the large-volume rock sample is larger in cross-sectional area, so that the purpose of compaction can be achieved by filling in layers without filling in 5 layers as in the preparation of the small-volume rock sample.
In step (2), as shown in fig. 1, the reaction frame device comprises a reaction frame cover plate 12, a base drain plate 4, a heavy plastic steel barrel 3, an air compressor case 5 and a pressure control meter 1; the reaction frame cover plate 12 is arranged above the upper surface of the air compressor case 5 through a telescopic upright post 2, a transmission rod 11 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the reaction frame cover plate 12, and the transmission rod 11 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the reaction frame cover plate 12; the base drain plate 4 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the air compressor case 5 and is positioned right below the reaction frame cover plate 12; the pressure control meter 1 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the reaction frame cover plate 12, and a signal input end of the pressure control meter 1 penetrates through the reaction frame cover plate 12 to be connected with a signal output end of the transmission rod 11; the signal input end of the transmission rod 11 extends into the remolded steel drum 3 from the top of the remolded steel drum 3, a pressure sensor is arranged between the end face of the transmission rod 11 and the weak cementitious rock particle adhesive body, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of the transmission rod 11; the bottom of the remolded steel drum 3 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base drain board 4; the air compressor box 5 is provided with a compressor controller 8.
As shown in fig. 2, an upper porous water permeable steel pad 10, an upper fiber filter screen 9, a lower fiber filter screen 7 and a lower porous water permeable steel pad 6 are detachably arranged in the remolded steel drum 3 from top to bottom in sequence, and cross sections of the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10, the upper fiber filter screen 9, the lower fiber filter screen 7 and the lower porous water permeable steel pad 6 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the central axis of the heavy plastic steel drum 3; the lower surface of the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10 is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the upper fiber filter screen 9, and the lower surface of the lower fiber filter screen 7 is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad 6; the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10 and the upper fiber filter screen 9 are in clearance fit with the inner wall of the remolded steel barrel 3, the cross sectional areas of the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10, the upper fiber filter screen 9, the lower fiber filter screen 7 and the lower porous water permeable steel pad 6 are smaller than or equal to the cross sectional area of the remolded steel barrel 3, and the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10 and the upper fiber filter screen 9 can move up and down along the inner wall of the remolded steel barrel 3 in the heavy plastic steel barrel 3;
the signal input end of the transmission rod 11 is propped against the upper porous water-permeable steel pad 10, a space between the upper fiber filter screen 9 and the lower fiber filter screen 7 is filled with weakly cemented rock particle adhesive bodies, and the lower surface of the lower porous water-permeable steel pad 6 is in fluid communication with the base drain plate. When the counter-force frame device is installed, the heavy plastic steel barrel 3 is coated with vaseline and then is placed on the base drain board 4, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the heavy plastic steel barrel 3 is uniformly provided with the lower porous permeable steel pad 6 and the lower fiber filter screen 7 in sequence; after the heavy plastic steel barrel 3 is filled with the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive, an upper fiber filter screen 9 and an upper porous permeable steel pad 10 are uniformly arranged on the top of the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive.
In the step (2) and the step (3), the inner diameter of the remolded steel drum is 50mm, and the height is 200mm; in step (4), the weakly cemented rock specimen was remolded to a diameter of 50mm and a height of 100mm, and the flatness of both ends of the cylindrical specimen was ensured. The weak bond rock particle adhesive body is pressurized in a grading way through the air compressor, the counterforce cover plate moves downwards and drives the transmission rod to move downwards, meanwhile, the pressure can be controlled according to the reading of the pressure control meter, the pressure loading time of each stage lasts for 12 hours until the pressurizing plate in the compacting module is lower than the top of the upper porous permeable steel pad or the reading of the pressure meter shows that the loading pressure is not less than 12MPa.
As shown in fig. 3, in step (4), the R value is measured with a uniaxial compression test apparatus including a control system 13, a data acquisition instrument 14, a control cabinet 18, and a rock uniaxial servo press 36; the signal input end of the control system 13 is connected with the signal output end of the data acquisition instrument 14, the signal input end of the data acquisition instrument 14 is connected with the signal output end of the rock uniaxial servo press 36, and the signal input end of the rock uniaxial servo press 36 is connected with the signal input end of the control cabinet 18;
in step (4), the reshaped weakly cemented rock specimen 16 is placed on the pad 17 of the rock uniaxial servo press 36 with the ram 15 of the rock uniaxial servo press 36 directly above the reshaped weakly cemented rock specimen 16. Uniaxial compression test is carried out according to the test procedure of the physical and mechanical properties of rock (DZ/T0276.1-2015) to obtain the uniaxial compressive strength value R of the remolded sample.
In the step (3), pressure is applied in a staged pressurizing mode, the loading duration of each stage of pressure is 12h, pressurizing is carried out in 3 stages, the pressure is applied from the first stage to the third stage in sequence, the pressure is 4MPa, 8MPa and 12MPa, and when the loading pressure of the third stage is greater than or equal to 12MPa, the pressure application is ended; in the step (6), the pressure is applied in a mode of carrying out staged pressurization in 3 grades, the pressure is applied from the first grade to the third grade, the pressure is sequentially 4MPa, 8MPa and 12MPa, the loading duration of each grade of pressure is 24h, and when the loading pressure of the third grade is greater than or equal to 12MPa, the pressure application is finished. When in pressurization, if the pressure is directly loaded by the maximum pressure, the internal structure of the rock sample is easy to generate uneven arched microstructure, the drainage effect of the rock sample is poor, the rock sample is not easy to be compacted, and the defect can be avoided by adopting the mode to carry out graded pressurization.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in step (6), the remolded rock sample steel mold 31 includes an upper steel plate 23, a lower steel plate 24, a first wide-side steel plate 26, a second wide-side steel plate 27, a first long-side steel plate 28, and a second long-side steel plate 25; the upper steel plate 23 and the lower steel plate 24 are parallel to each other, the first wide-side steel plate 26 and the second wide-side steel plate 27 are parallel to each other, and the first long-side steel plate 28 and the second long-side steel plate 25 are parallel to each other; the first wide-side steel plate 26, the second wide-side steel plate 27, the first long-side steel plate 28 and the second long-side steel plate 25 are fixedly connected by bolts to form a long square frame; the lower steel plate 24 is provided with a rectangular groove 20, the rectangular groove 20 is matched with a rectangle surrounded by the wall bottom of the long square frame, and the rectangular frame is fixedly arranged on the lower steel plate 24 through the rectangular groove 20; the length of the upper steel plate 23 is less than or equal to the distance between the inner wall of the first wide-side steel plate 26 and the inner wall of the second wide-side steel plate 27, and the width of the upper steel plate 23 is less than or equal to the distance between the inner wall of the first long-side steel plate 28 and the inner wall of the second long-side steel plate 25; the lower steel plate 24 is provided with a drain hole 21, and two ends of the upper steel plate 23 are provided with upper steel plate lifting points 22;
an upper porous water permeable steel pad 10, an upper fiber filter screen 9, a lower fiber filter screen 7 and a lower porous water permeable steel pad 6 are detachably arranged in the remolded rock sample steel mould 31 from top to bottom in sequence, and the cross sections of the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10, the upper fiber filter screen 9, the lower fiber filter screen 7 and the lower porous water permeable steel pad 6 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the central axis of the heavy plastic steel barrel 3; the lower surface of the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10 is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the upper fiber filter screen 9, and the lower surface of the lower fiber filter screen 7 is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad 6; the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10 and the upper fiber filter screen 9 are in clearance fit with the inner wall of the remolded rock sample steel mold 31, the cross sectional areas of the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10, the upper fiber filter screen 9, the lower fiber filter screen 7 and the lower porous water permeable steel pad 6 are smaller than or equal to the cross sectional area of the remolded rock sample steel mold 31, and the upper porous water permeable steel pad 10 and the upper fiber filter screen 9 can move up and down in the remolded rock sample steel mold 31 along the inner wall of the remolded rock sample steel mold 31;
the space between the upper fiber filter screen 9 and the lower fiber filter screen 7 is filled with a weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body, a pressure sensor 29 is arranged in the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body 37, and a signal output end of the pressure sensor 29 extends out of the remolded rock sample steel die 31 through a sensor data line 30; the lower surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad 6 is in fluid communication with the drain holes 21 on the lower steel plate 24. The pressure sensor is used for monitoring pressure data in the process of compacting the adhesive body of the weakly cemented rock and pressure data in the process of a follow-up hob rock breaking test.
The length of the inner cavity of the remolded rock sample steel mould 31 is 1500mm, the width is 500mm, and the height is 400mm; the thickness of the first wide-side steel plate 26, the second wide-side steel plate 27, the first long-side steel plate 28, and the second long-side steel plate 25 is 80mm; the depth of the rectangular groove 20 is 30mm, 3 drainage holes 21 are formed in the lower steel plate 24, and the thickness of the lower steel plate 24 is 100mm.
As shown in fig. 6, in step (7), compaction and consolidation are performed by applying pressure to the remolded rock sample steel mold in stages by using a multifunctional compaction test bed, wherein the multifunctional compaction test bed comprises vertical support legs 32, a loading cross beam 33, a loading oil cylinder 34 and a loading cover plate 35; the two vertical supporting legs 32 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the table top of the multifunctional compaction test table, the two vertical supporting legs 32 are provided with longitudinal sliding grooves, and the two longitudinal sliding grooves at two ends of the loading cross beam 33 are respectively connected with the two vertical supporting legs 32 in a sliding manner; one end of the loading oil cylinder 34 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the loading cross beam 33 through a connecting piece, and the other end of the loading oil cylinder 34 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the loading cover plate 35 through a connecting piece; the lower surface of the loading cover plate 35 is propped against the upper steel plate 23 of the remolded rock sample steel mold 31.
After compaction and consolidation are completed, the die is transferred to a full-size hob rock breaking test bed from a multifunctional test bed by utilizing a crane, an upper steel plate, an upper porous permeable steel pad and an upper fiber filter screen which are covered on the upper part of a sample are taken down, and a hob breaking large-volume remolding weak cemented rock test can be directly carried out without dismantling the front, back, left and right steel plates of the steel die.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While the obvious variations or modifications which are extended therefrom remain within the scope of the claims of this patent application.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method for remolding a large-volume rock sample in a drilling method shaft sinking hob broken weak cemented rock test is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Mechanically crushing undisturbed weakly cemented rock blocks with different broken block sizes on an engineering site to obtain rock particles; adding water into the rock particles and stirring to obtain weakly cemented rock particle adhibits; measuring the average value of the uniaxial compressive strength of the undisturbed weakly consolidated rock mass, and recording as R 0 ；
(2) Installing a reaction frame device, pouring the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body into a heavy plastic steel barrel of the reaction frame device in a layered manner, and performing preliminary vibration on each layer by adopting a compaction hammer respectively until the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body is compacted;
(3) Applying pressure to the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive in the remolded steel drum to compact and solidify, so that the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive forms remolded weakly cemented rock cylinders in the heavy plastic steel drum;
the pressure is applied in a staged pressurizing mode, the loading duration of each stage of pressure is 12h, the pressurizing is carried out in 3 stages, the pressure is applied from the first stage to the third stage in sequence, the pressure is applied at 4MPa, 8MPa and 12MPa, when the loading pressure of the third stage is greater than or equal to 12MPa, the pressure is applied at the end, and the pressure applied at the third stage is applied at 12MPa, namely M 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In the step (6), the pressure is applied in a manner of being stepped and pressurized in 3 stages, and the pressure is applied sequentially from the first stage to the third stage by 1/3M 0 MPa、2/3M 0 MPa and M 0 The loading duration of each stage of pressure is 24h under the condition that the loading pressure of the third stage is greater than or equal to M 0 Ending applying pressure when the pressure is MPa;
(4) Cutting the remolded weakly cemented rock cylinder to obtain a remolded weakly cemented rock sample, and measuring the uniaxial compressive strength value of the remolded weakly cemented rock sample, and marking the uniaxial compressive strength value as R;
(5) Comparison R 0 And R is a value according to R 0 Adjusting the water mixing ratio in the step (1) and the consolidation pressure parameter value in the step (3) according to the difference value between the water mixing ratio and R, and repeating the steps (1) to (4) until R is more than or equal to R 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The ratio of water to rock particles mass in step (1) is denoted as X and the final consolidation pressure value applied in step (3) is denoted as M 0 ；
(6) Manufacturing and installing a remolded rock sample steel mould, preparing the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body according to the mass ratio of water to rock particles of X in the method in the step (1), and layering the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body into the remolded rock sample steel mould, wherein each layer is subjected to preliminary vibration by a compaction hammer until the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body is compacted;
(7) After the remolded rock sample steel mould is filled with the weakly consolidated rock particles, carrying out compaction consolidation by applying pressure to the remolded rock sample steel mould in a grading manner, wherein the applied pressure during compaction consolidation is greater than or equal to the consolidation pressure value M obtained in the step (5) 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And compacting and solidifying to obtain the remolded weakly consolidated large-volume rock sample.
2. The method for preparing a remolded bulk rock sample for a drilling method, a rock drill and a hob, broken weak cemented rock test according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), the granularity of the rock particles is 0-10 mm; in step (2), the thickness of the bond of the weakly consolidated rock particles of each layer is 1/5 of the height of the reshaped steel drum; in step (6), the thickness of the bond of weakly cemented rock particles packed in each layer is 1/4 of the height of the remolded rock sample steel mold.
3. The method for preparing a remolded bulk rock sample for a drilling method, a shaft sinking hob and a broken weak cemented rock test according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the reaction frame device comprises a reaction frame cover plate (12), a base drain plate (4), a remolded steel drum (3), an air compressor case (5) and a pressure control gauge (1); the reaction frame cover plate (12) is arranged above the upper surface of the air compressor case (5) through the telescopic upright post (2), the transmission rod (11) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the reaction frame cover plate (12), and the transmission rod (11) is perpendicular to the lower surface of the reaction frame cover plate (12); the base drain plate (4) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the air compressor case (5) and is positioned right below the reaction frame cover plate (12); the pressure control meter (1) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the reaction frame cover plate (12), and the signal input end of the pressure control meter (1) penetrates through the reaction frame cover plate (12) to be connected with the signal output end of the transmission rod (11); the signal input end of the transmission rod (11) stretches into the remolded steel drum (3) from the top of the remolded steel drum (3), a pressure sensor is arranged between the end face of the transmission rod (11) and the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of the transmission rod (11); the bottom of the remolded steel drum (3) is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the base drain plate (4); the air compressor case (5) is provided with a compressor controller (8).
4. The method for preparing the remolded bulk rock sample for the broken weak cemented rock test of the drilling method rock-drilling hob according to claim 3, which is characterized in that an upper porous permeable steel pad (10), an upper fiber filter screen (9), a weak cemented rock particle binder (37), a lower fiber filter screen (7) and a lower porous permeable steel pad (6) are detachably arranged in the remolded steel barrel (3) from top to bottom in sequence, and the cross sections of the upper porous permeable steel pad (10), the upper fiber filter screen (9), the lower fiber filter screen (7) and the lower porous permeable steel pad (6) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the central axis of the remolded steel barrel (3); the lower surface of the upper porous water permeable steel pad (10) is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the upper fiber filter screen (9), and the lower surface of the lower fiber filter screen (7) is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad (6); the cross-sectional areas of the upper porous water-permeable steel pad (10), the upper fiber filter screen (9), the lower fiber filter screen (7) and the lower porous water-permeable steel pad (6) are smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the remolded steel barrel (3), and the upper porous water-permeable steel pad (10) and the upper fiber filter screen (9) can move up and down along the inner wall of the remolded steel barrel (3) in the heavy plastic steel barrel (3);
the signal input end of the transmission rod (11) is propped against the upper porous water permeable steel pad (10), a space between the upper fiber filter screen (9) and the lower fiber filter screen (7) is filled with the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body (37), and the lower surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad (6) is in fluid communication with the base drain plate.
5. The method for preparing a remolded bulk rock sample for a drilling method, a rock breaking and weak cementation rock test according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2) and the step (3), the remolded steel barrel (3) has an inner diameter of 50mm and a height of 200mm; in step (4), the remolded weakly cemented rock sample has a diameter of 50mm and a height of 100mm.
6. The method for preparing a remolded bulk rock sample for a drilling method, a rock breaking and weak cementation rock test according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (4), a uniaxial compression test device is used for measuring an R value, and the uniaxial compression test device comprises a control system (13), a data acquisition instrument (14), a control cabinet (18) and a rock uniaxial servo press (36); the signal input end of the control system (13) is connected with the signal output end of the data acquisition instrument (14), the signal input end of the data acquisition instrument (14) is connected with the signal output end of the rock single-shaft servo press (36), and the signal input end of the rock single-shaft servo press (36) is connected with the signal input end of the control cabinet (18);
in step (4), the reshaped weakly cemented rock specimen (16) is placed on a pad (17) of the rock uniaxial servo press (36), and a ram (15) of the rock uniaxial servo press (36) is located directly above the reshaped weakly cemented rock specimen (16).
7. The method of preparing a remolded bulk rock specimen for a drilling method, a rock-breaking hob, and a weak cemented rock test according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (6), the remolded rock specimen steel mold (31) comprises an upper steel plate (23), a lower steel plate (24), a first wide side steel plate (26), a second wide side steel plate (27), a first long side steel plate (28), and a second long side steel plate (25); the upper steel plate (23) and the lower steel plate (24) are parallel to each other, the first wide-side steel plate (26) and the second wide-side steel plate (27) are parallel to each other, and the first long-side steel plate (28) and the second long-side steel plate (25) are parallel to each other; the first wide side surface steel plates (26), the second wide side surface steel plates (27), the first long side surface steel plates (28) and the second long side surface steel plates (25) are fixedly connected by bolts to form a long square frame; a rectangular groove (20) is formed in the lower steel plate (24), the rectangular groove (20) is matched with a rectangle surrounded by the wall bottom of the long square frame, and the rectangular frame is fixedly arranged on the lower steel plate (24) through the rectangular groove (20); the length of the upper steel plate (23) is smaller than or equal to the distance between the inner wall of the first wide-side steel plate (26) and the inner wall of the second wide-side steel plate (27), and the width of the upper steel plate (23) is smaller than or equal to the distance between the inner wall of the first long-side steel plate (28) and the inner wall of the second long-side steel plate (25); the lower steel plate (24) is provided with a drain hole (21), and two ends of the upper steel plate (23) are provided with upper steel plate lifting points (22);
the inside of the remolded rock sample steel mould (31) is detachably provided with an upper porous permeable steel pad (10), an upper fiber filter screen (9), a weak cementitious rock particle adhesive body (37), a lower fiber filter screen (7) and a lower porous permeable steel pad (6) from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the cross sections of the upper porous permeable steel pad (10), the upper fiber filter screen (9), the lower fiber filter screen (7) and the lower porous permeable steel pad (6) are mutually parallel and perpendicular to the central axis of the remolded steel barrel (3); the lower surface of the upper porous water permeable steel pad (10) is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the upper fiber filter screen (9), and the lower surface of the lower fiber filter screen (7) is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad (6); the cross-sectional areas of the upper porous water permeable steel pad (10), the upper fiber filter screen (9), the lower fiber filter screen (7) and the lower porous water permeable steel pad (6) are smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the remolded rock sample steel mould (31), and the upper porous water permeable steel pad (10) and the upper fiber filter screen (9) can move up and down along the inner wall of the remolded rock sample steel mould (31) in the remolded rock sample steel mould (31);
the space between the upper fiber filter screen (9) and the lower fiber filter screen (7) is filled with a weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body (37), a pressure sensor (29) is arranged in the weakly cemented rock particle adhesive body (37), and a signal output end of the pressure sensor (29) extends out of the remolded rock sample steel die (31) through a sensor data line (30); the lower surface of the lower porous water permeable steel pad (6) is in fluid communication with the drain holes (21) on the lower steel plate (24).
8. The method for preparing a remolded large-volume rock sample for a drilling method, a shaft sinking hob and a broken weak cemented rock test according to claim 7, wherein the length of an inner cavity of the remolded rock sample steel mould (31) is 1500mm, the width is 500mm, and the height is 400mm; the thickness of the first wide side steel plate (26), the second wide side steel plate (27), the first long side steel plate (28) and the second long side steel plate (25) is 80mm; the depth of the rectangular groove (20) is 30mm, 3 drainage holes (21) are formed in the lower steel plate (24), and the thickness of the lower steel plate (24) is 100mm.
9. The method for preparing a remolded bulk rock sample for a drilling method, a shaft sinking hob and a broken weak cemented rock test according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (7), a multifunctional compaction test bed is adopted to apply pressure to the remolded rock sample steel mould in a grading manner for compaction and consolidation, and the multifunctional compaction test bed comprises a vertical supporting leg (32), a loading cross beam (33), a loading oil cylinder (34) and a loading cover plate (35); the two vertical supporting legs (32) are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the table top of the multifunctional compaction test table, the two vertical supporting legs (32) are provided with longitudinal sliding grooves, and two ends of the loading cross beam (33) are respectively connected with the two vertical supporting legs (32) in a sliding manner through the longitudinal sliding grooves; one end of the loading oil cylinder (34) is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the loading cross beam (33) through a connecting piece, and the other end of the loading oil cylinder (34) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the loading cover plate (35) through a connecting piece; the lower surface of the loading cover plate (35) is propped against the upper steel plate (23) of the remolded rock sample steel die (31).
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