CN114041381B - Soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket - Google Patents

Soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114041381B
CN114041381B CN202111462420.8A CN202111462420A CN114041381B CN 114041381 B CN114041381 B CN 114041381B CN 202111462420 A CN202111462420 A CN 202111462420A CN 114041381 B CN114041381 B CN 114041381B
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
groove
fiber
water
soil
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CN202111462420.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114041381A (en
Inventor
潘峰
牛德奎
郭晓敏
刘玮
张北红
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Jiangxi Agricultural University
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Jiangxi Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G20/00Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • A01G24/46Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a water and soil conservation coconut fiber plant blanket which comprises a stabilizing layer, a first fiber layer, a planting layer and a second fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein a plurality of supporting bodies are arranged on the stabilizing layer, and a water storage through groove is formed between two adjacent supporting bodies; each supporting body is provided with a groove body structure with an opening at the top, and the side wall of each groove body structure is provided with micro holes which are communicated with the corresponding water storage through grooves; one end of each supporting body is fixedly provided with a conical body with two open ends, and one end of each conical body extends to the upper side of the planting layer. The stabilizing layer has the functions of stabilizing and supporting the whole structure, and can also have the functions of water storage and moisture preservation. Has the advantages of strong erosion resistance, strong scouring resistance, and the like.

Description

Soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation, in particular to a water and soil conservation coconut fiber plant-growing blanket.
Background
In the process of production and construction, a large number of exposed side slopes can be generated, so that the original topography is destroyed, water and soil loss is serious along with erosion of water, and even landslide and other geological disasters occur. Therefore, it is necessary to treat and protect the exposed ground surface so as to better reduce water and soil loss.
Currently, a method for recovering vegetation on the bare surface generally adopts direct seeding of grass seeds or a technique for assisting grass planting by means of geogrids to slowly recover the ecological environment. However, the mode has longer recovery period, lower plant germination rate, water and soil loss phenomenon still exists along with the erosion of weather such as wind, snow and the like, and the protection life is not long, and the time and the labor are wasted.
Aiming at the problems, a plant fiber blanket is developed in recent years, and the mode of laying the plant fiber blanket is used for keeping the effect of promoting the quick recovery of the vegetation on the exposed ground surface, so that the plant fiber blanket has the advantages of quick construction, short period, low maintenance cost, water retention and soil fixation. However, the existing plant fiber blanket consists of a lower shaping net, a plant fiber layer, planting soil, plant seeds and an upper shaping net from bottom to top. The upper and lower shaping nets mainly play a role in shaping, do not have a water supply effect, and have the effects of low emergence rate and slow plant growth due to lack of water in the plant growth process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a water and soil conservation coconut fiber plant blanket.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
The water and soil conservation coconut fiber vegetation blanket comprises a stabilizing layer, a first fiber layer, a planting layer and a second fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein a plurality of supporting bodies are arranged on the stabilizing layer, and a water storage through groove is formed between two adjacent supporting bodies; each supporting body is provided with a groove body structure with an opening at the top, and the side wall of each groove body structure is provided with micro holes which are communicated with the corresponding water storage through grooves; one end of each supporting body is fixedly provided with a conical body with two open ends, and one end of each conical body extends to the upper side of the planting layer.
Further, the top end of each supporting body is embedded and arranged in the second fiber layer.
Further, the first fiber layer is obtained by immersing a coconut fiber blanket in molten polylactic acid and then performing hot press molding.
Further, the first fiber layer is provided with a plurality of grooves, and each groove corresponds to the corresponding water storage through groove one by one.
Further, the planting layer consists of seeds and a matrix, wherein the matrix consists of 20-30 parts of coconut husk, 5-20 parts of oyster shell powder, 30-60 parts of sludge and 2-4 parts of NPK compound fertilizer according to parts by weight.
Further, the second fiber layer is formed by combining a coconut fiber blanket and a polylactic acid film, and a plurality of ventilation holes are uniformly distributed on the polylactic acid film.
Further, the size of each ventilation hole is 2-10 cm.
Further, the pores of the first fibrous layer are smaller than the pores of the second fibrous layer.
Further, solid slow-release fertilizer particles are filled in each groove body structure.
Further, the bottom of the stabilizing layer is provided with a plurality of conical nails, at least two connecting plates are arranged on the periphery of each conical nail, each connecting plate is hinged with the corresponding conical nail, and the maximum opening angle between each connecting plate and the corresponding conical nail is 30-60 degrees.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the water and soil conservation coconut fiber plant blanket disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the stabilizing layer is mainly used for stabilizing and supporting the whole structure, the water storage and moisture preservation effects can be realized, water is stored in the water storage through groove, water is provided for plant growth, the root system of the plant penetrates through the planting layer, the root is planted on the first fiber layer, part of the plant can also extend to the water storage through groove, and the needed water is directly absorbed. And solid slow-release fertilizer particles are filled in each groove body structure. Moisture in the water storage through groove can pass through the micro-holes and enter the groove body structure, and then the solid slow-release fertilizer particles in the groove body structure are wetted, so that the fertilizer particles in the groove body structure enter the water storage through groove through the micro-holes after being gradually wetted. As part of plant root systems can enter the water storage through groove, the water and fertilizer elements in the water can be absorbed, and the needed nutrients are provided for the growth of plants.
2. In the soil-water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket, the first fiber layer and the second fiber layer mainly comprise 100% of the coconut fiber blanket, and the coconut fiber blanket has the characteristics of moderate fiber thickness, reasonable length range, light weight, high strength, good elasticity and strong water permeability, is easy to form a dense and reasonable-sized mesh structure, plants grow in the meshes, and the meshes can create an environment with ventilation, water retention and temperature adjustment. The coconut fiber blanket has the characteristic of biodegradability, can be completely degraded into humus after being directly buried in the soil for 3-5 years, and can increase microorganism nutrition in the soil, improve the soil quality, and enable soil activation to be beneficial to plant growth.
3. The water and soil conservation coconut fiber vegetation blanket has the advantage of strong erosion resistance, and can create suitable growth conditions for vegetation in a severe climate condition. The roughness is 600 times higher than that of the quicksand. The sand conveying amount is reduced by 99 percent, and the wind speed resistance reaches 10m/s.
4. The water and soil conservation coconut fiber vegetation blanket has the advantage of strong anti-scouring capability, can provide greening conditions on a slope surface with a slope angle of more than 25 degrees, has long-term anti-flow rate of 1.2-1.8m/s and short-term anti-flow rate of 3m/s, and prevents water and soil loss caused by surface runoff.
5. The soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket of the invention can also provide greening conditions. Besides sand prevention and soil fixation, the sandy soil which is not suitable for greening can also provide greening matrixes, regulate the natural temperature of surface soil, enable air to permeate, prevent direct sunlight, preserve moisture and preserve soil moisture, provide a temperature bed for seed germination and enable the region which is difficult to greening to realize greening.
6. Compared with the prior art, the water and soil conservation coconut fiber vegetation blanket has the obvious advantages of simple construction technology and high construction speed. The construction speed can reach tens times to tens times of the traditional process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stabilizer layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a stabilization layer; 11. a support body; 111. a tank structure; 112. a micro-pore; 12. a water storage through groove; 13. a cone; 14. conical nails; 141. a connecting plate; 2. a first fibrous layer; 21. a groove; 3. planting a layer; 4. a second fibrous layer; 41. a polylactic acid film; 411. and (5) ventilation holes.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The materials and the equipment in the embodiment of the invention can be purchased in the market unless specified otherwise.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a water and soil conservation coconut fiber plant blanket comprises a stabilizing layer 1, a first fiber layer 2, a planting layer 3 and a second fiber layer 4 which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence.
The stabilizing layer 1 is provided with a plurality of supporting bodies 11, and a water storage through groove 12 is formed between two adjacent supporting bodies 11; each supporting body 11 is provided with a groove body structure 111 with an open top, and the side wall of each groove body structure 111 is provided with a plurality of micro holes 112 and is communicated with the corresponding water storage through groove 12 through the micro holes 112; one end of each supporting body 11 is fixedly provided with a conical body 13 with two open ends, and one end of each conical body 13 extends to the upper side of the planting layer 3. Here, the effect of stabilizing layer 1 is that the effect of stabilizing, supporting is played to the overall structure, can also play retaining moisturizing effect, holds water in retaining logical groove 12, provides moisture for plant growth, and plant's root system passes planting layer 3, takes root on first fibrous layer 2, and part plant can also extend to retaining logical groove 12, directly absorbs required moisture. Each of the tank structures 111 is filled with solid slow-release fertilizer particles. Moisture in the water storage through groove 12 can pass through the micro holes 112 and enter the groove body structure 111, and then the solid slow-release fertilizer particles in the groove body structure 111 are wetted, so that the fertilizer particles in the groove body structure 111 enter the water storage through groove 12 through the micro holes 112 after being gradually wetted. Because part of the root system of the plant can enter the water storage through groove 12, the water and fertilizer elements in the water can be absorbed, and the needed nutrients can be provided for the growth of the plant. The function of the cone 13 is to replenish the corresponding solid fertilizer particles into the trough structure 111. Of course, liquid fertilizer can be replenished and enter the corresponding water storage through-groove 12 through the micro-holes 112. The top of each supporting body 11 is embedded in the second fiber layer 4, so that the water and fertilizer can be conveniently supplemented while the whole structure is stabilized.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the micro holes 112 is 0.2 to 1mm. The water in the water storage through groove 12 can slowly permeate through the micro holes 112 and enter the groove body structure 111, and the solid slow release fertilizer particles in the groove body structure 111 are wetted. With the increase of the water quantity passing through the micro holes 112, the solid slow-release fertilizer particles in the groove body structure 111 are gradually wetted and then dissolved in water, and with the diffusion of the water flow in the micro holes into the water storage through groove 12, the water storage through groove can provide needed nutrients for the growth of plants, and as the water passes through the micro holes at a very low speed, the influence on the growth of plants due to the too high concentration of the nutrients can be effectively avoided.
The first fiber layer 2 and the second fiber layer 4 are 100% coconut fiber blanket; and the pores of the first fibrous layer 2 are smaller than the pores of the second fibrous layer 4. For example, the first fibrous layer has a void size of 0.1 to 0.3cm; the pores of the second fiber layer are 0.5-2 cm. The larger pores of the second fibrous layer 4 also help to extend out of the pores of the second fibrous layer 4 after germination of the seed. The planting layer 3 consists of seeds and a matrix, and the matrix is planting soil. Here, natural precipitation or manual spraying water supply can sequentially pass through the second fiber layer 4 and the first fiber layer 2, so that the water in the water storage through groove can be kept, the water transpiration is reduced, and the effects of water storage and moisture preservation are achieved.
Example 2
A soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket was constructed substantially the same as example 1 except that the first fiber layer 2 was made from a coconut fiber blanket immersed in molten polylactic acid and then heat pressed. The first fiber layer 2 is provided with a plurality of grooves 21, and each groove 21 corresponds to the corresponding water storage through groove 12 one by one. The purpose of the grooves 21 provided in the first fibre layer 2 is here on the one hand to help increase the amount of planting soil and to form a plurality of rows of planting areas; on the other hand, the water content of irrigation water supply can be concentrated on the corresponding planting areas.
Example 3
The soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket has the same structure as that of the embodiment 1, and is characterized in that the planting layer 3 consists of seeds and a matrix, wherein the matrix consists of 20-30 parts by weight of coconut husk, 5-20 parts by weight of oyster shell powder, 30-60 parts by weight of sludge and 2-4 parts by weight of NPK compound fertilizer (Hua Jiang chemical industry, 17-17-17).
Example 4
A soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket is basically the same as the structure of embodiment 1, except that the second fiber layer 4 is formed by combining a coconut fiber blanket and a polylactic acid film 41, and a plurality of ventilation holes 411 are uniformly distributed on the polylactic acid film 41. The size of each ventilation hole is 2-10 cm. The polylactic acid film 41 is arranged on the lower side of the coconut fiber blanket, and the polylactic acid film 41 not only has the functions of water retention and heat preservation and promoting the growth and development of plant seeds, but also has the characteristic of degradability and does not pollute the environment.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 1, a soil and water conservation coconut fiber vegetation blanket has the same structure as that of the embodiment 1, except that the bottom of the stabilizing layer 1 is provided with a plurality of taper nails 14, at least two connection plates 141 are arranged on the circumference side of each taper nail 14, each connection plate 141 is hinged with the corresponding taper nail 14, and the maximum opening angle between each connection plate 141 and the corresponding taper nail 14 is 30-60 degrees. The conical nails mainly play a role in fixing the stabilizing layer 1 and promote the tight connection between the stabilizing layer 1 and the ground surface.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. The water and soil conservation coconut fiber vegetation blanket is characterized by comprising a stabilizing layer, a first fiber layer, a planting layer and a second fiber layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein a plurality of supporting bodies are arranged on the stabilizing layer, and a water storage through groove is formed between two adjacent supporting bodies; each supporting body is provided with a groove body structure with an opening at the top, and the side wall of each groove body structure is provided with micro holes which are communicated with the corresponding water storage through grooves; solid slow-release fertilizer particles are filled in each groove body structure; the aperture of the micro-pore is 0.2-1 mm;
one end of each supporting body is fixedly provided with a conical body with two open ends, and one end of each conical body extends to the upper side of the planting layer; the top end of each supporting body is embedded and arranged in the second fiber layer; the first fiber layer is obtained by dipping a coconut fiber blanket in molten polylactic acid and then performing hot press molding; or (b)
The second fiber layer is formed by combining a coconut fiber blanket and a polylactic acid film, and a plurality of ventilation holes are uniformly distributed on the polylactic acid film; the size of each ventilation hole is 2-10 cm;
the pores of the first fibrous layer are smaller than the pores of the second fibrous layer;
the bottom of the stabilizing layer is provided with a plurality of conical nails, at least two connecting plates are arranged on the periphery of each conical nail, each connecting plate is hinged with the corresponding conical nail, and the maximum opening angle between each connecting plate and the corresponding conical nail is 30-60 degrees.
2. The soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket of claim 1 wherein the first fibrous layer has a plurality of grooves thereon, each groove having a one-to-one correspondence with its corresponding water storage through-groove.
3. The soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket of claim 1 wherein the planting layer is comprised of seeds and a matrix comprised of, by weight, 20 to 30 parts coconut coir, 5 to 20 parts oyster shell meal, 30 to 60 parts sludge, and 2 to 4 parts NPK compound fertilizer.
CN202111462420.8A 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket Active CN114041381B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111462420.8A CN114041381B (en) 2021-12-02 2021-12-02 Soil and water conservation coconut fiber plant blanket

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CN114041381B true CN114041381B (en) 2023-10-20

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005198517A (en) * 2004-01-13 2005-07-28 Hitachi Kensetsu Sekkei:Kk Water reserving unit for planting equipment
KR20100061964A (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-06-10 한성아 Mat for planting tree on sloop
KR101441369B1 (en) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-24 에코앤바이오 주식회사 Module for afforestation of artificial ground
CN211129107U (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-07-31 厦门欣陶然景观工程有限公司 Slope greening planting frame
CN211558189U (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-09-25 上海沐里景观设计有限公司 Environment-friendly building roof greening structure
CN212956588U (en) * 2020-08-11 2021-04-13 交通运输部公路科学研究所 Ecological plant fiber blanket for protecting highway side slope

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3098357B2 (en) * 1993-06-07 2000-10-16 株式会社トーシンコーポレーション Bottom watering type planter
CN2311130Y (en) * 1997-12-01 1999-03-24 俞惠楚 Water-storing fertilizer-keeping flower pot
CN2489574Y (en) * 2001-07-16 2002-05-08 程红梅 Combined grass blanket
CN106305189A (en) * 2016-08-18 2017-01-11 无锡市永亿精密铸造有限公司 Flower planting box
CN212436628U (en) * 2020-04-13 2021-02-02 刘利嘉 Device convenient to afforest plant grows a little
CN212956571U (en) * 2020-06-29 2021-04-13 陈新辉 Improved concrete slope protection
CN213296393U (en) * 2020-09-26 2021-05-28 福建省图诺建设工程有限公司 Side slope protection structure

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005198517A (en) * 2004-01-13 2005-07-28 Hitachi Kensetsu Sekkei:Kk Water reserving unit for planting equipment
KR20100061964A (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-06-10 한성아 Mat for planting tree on sloop
KR101441369B1 (en) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-24 에코앤바이오 주식회사 Module for afforestation of artificial ground
CN211129107U (en) * 2019-12-06 2020-07-31 厦门欣陶然景观工程有限公司 Slope greening planting frame
CN211558189U (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-09-25 上海沐里景观设计有限公司 Environment-friendly building roof greening structure
CN212956588U (en) * 2020-08-11 2021-04-13 交通运输部公路科学研究所 Ecological plant fiber blanket for protecting highway side slope

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