CN114039642A - High-speed Ka frequency range repeater system with large bandwidth and adjustable frequency - Google Patents
High-speed Ka frequency range repeater system with large bandwidth and adjustable frequency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A high-speed Ka frequency band repeater system with large bandwidth and adjustable frequency. Belonging to the research field of relay satellite communication and the like. The method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a Ka input preselector, an input ring backup switch matrix, a 26GHz Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix, an 26/4GHz down converter, a 4GHz broadband filter, an output ring backup switch matrix, a 4/20GHz up converter, a 20GHz traveling wave tube Amplifier, a 20GHz isolator, a Ka frequency band output multiplexer, and a high frequency stabilization source and a power divider which provide a 10MHz frequency reference for the frequency converter. The invention is suitable for Ka frequency band large bandwidth (2.5GHz) requirements required by the user spacecraft, is suitable for signals of four different frequency bands, has two-stage frequency conversion mode and local oscillator regulation function, and can economically and flexibly meet the high-speed data relay forwarding requirement of the user spacecraft.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the research fields of satellite communication, high-speed satellite data transmission and the like, and particularly relates to a transponder technology of a tracking and data relay satellite. In particular to a high-speed Ka frequency band repeater system with large bandwidth and adjustable frequency.
Background
A Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) is a communication Satellite, is mainly used for providing high-speed Data Relay and measurement and control services for user spacecrafts such as satellites and spacecrafts, greatly improves the real-time Data downloading capability of various user spacecrafts, and greatly enhances the use efficiency and the emergency capability of the user spacecrafts. TDRS is a major breakthrough of aerospace measurement and control communication technology in the 20 th century, is called as a satellite, and has a design idea of space base, so that the problem of high coverage rate of measurement and control and communication is fundamentally solved, and high economic benefit is achieved.
The transponder system is a main component of a communication satellite payload and is responsible for carrying out low-noise amplification, frequency conversion, processing and high-power amplification on satellite communication signals received by an antenna and then sending the satellite communication signals to a transmitting antenna for external radiation. The traditional communication satellite transponder mainly comprises a low noise amplifier, a receiver, a multi-path power divider, a switch matrix, a high-power amplifier and an output multiplexer. Because the relay satellite transponder needs to fulfill the high-speed data relay requirement of the user spacecraft, the current different user spacecrafts have different terminal frequencies, four frequency bands of F1\ F2\ F3\ F4 are arranged in the range of 25-27.5 GHz, the bandwidth is 450MHz, the data rate is high, the transponder needs to have good adaptability to large-bandwidth Ka signals with different frequencies, and the signal schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 1 in detail.
Most of traditional communication satellite repeaters only have one-stage frequency conversion, do not have the function of frequency adjustment, have insufficient bandwidth and frequency adaptability required by relay satellites and cannot meet the use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides a high-speed Ka frequency band repeater system with large bandwidth and adjustable frequency, and solves the technical problem by designing a new Ka frequency band repeater. The designed repeater comprises: the system comprises a Ka input preselector, an input ring backup switch matrix, a 26GHz Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix, an 26/4GHz down converter, a 4GHz broadband filter, an output ring backup switch matrix, a 4/20GHz up converter, a 20GHz traveling wave tube Amplifier, a 20GHz isolator, a Ka frequency band output multiplexer, and a high frequency stabilization source and a power divider which provide a 10MHz frequency reference for the frequency converter.
The repeater aims at two paths of high-speed signals (any two signals in four frequency band ranges of F1\ F2\ F3\ F4) transmitted from a user spacecraft, performs broadband filtering through two Ka input preselectors, and then transmits the signals to an input ring backup switch matrix for selecting which two 26GHz low-noise amplifiers are used for low-noise amplification of the signals; the 26GHz low-noise amplifier is connected with a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix and is used for selecting two of four 26/4GHz down converters connected behind to be used for carrying out frequency conversion amplification on 26GHz signals to a 4GHz C frequency band, wherein the 26/4GHz down converter has a frequency adjusting function, the input of the down converter is any broadband signal in a frequency band range, the frequency band of the signals output to the C frequency band can be kept unchanged through local oscillation adjustment, and the local oscillation adjusting function is realized through a remote control instruction; the 26/4GHz down converter is connected with a 4GHz broadband filter and is used for finely filtering signals converted to a C frequency band in a use bandwidth; the 4GHz broadband filter is connected to the output ring backup switch matrix and used for selecting which two output links are used subsequently (comprising an 4/20GHz up-converter, a corresponding 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier and a 20GHz isolator); the 4/20GHz up-converter of the output link is responsible for frequency conversion and amplification of a 4GHz C-band signal to 20GHz Ka frequency, then the 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier is used for high-power amplification of the frequency-converted signal, the amplified signal is isolated by the 20GHz isolator and finally synthesized into one path through the Ka-band output multiplexer to be sent to the transmitting antenna, and the forwarding task of the broadband signal is completed.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system comprising: the device comprises a Ka input preselector, an input ring backup switch matrix, a 26GHz low noise amplifier, a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix, an 26/4GHz down converter, a 4GHz broadband filter, an output ring backup switch matrix, a 4/20GHz up converter, a 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier, a 20GHz isolator, a Ka frequency band output multiplexer, and a high frequency stabilization source and a power divider which provide 10MHz frequency reference for the frequency converter.
The repeater aims at two paths of high-speed signals transmitted from a user spacecraft, and the high-speed signals are subjected to broadband filtering through two Ka input preselectors and then are transmitted to an input ring backup switch matrix for selecting which two 26GHz low-noise amplifiers are used for low-noise amplification of the signals;
the 26GHz low-noise amplifier is connected with a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix and is used for selecting any two of four 26/4GHz down converters connected behind to be used for carrying out frequency conversion amplification on 26GHz signals to a 4GHz C frequency band, wherein the 26/4GHz down converter has a frequency adjusting function, the 26/4GHz down converter inputs any broadband signal in a frequency band range, the frequency band of the signals output to the C frequency band is kept unchanged through local oscillation adjustment, and the local oscillation adjusting function is realized through a remote control command;
the 26/4GHz down converter is connected with a 4GHz broadband filter and is used for finely filtering signals converted to a C frequency band in a use bandwidth; the 4GHz broadband filter is connected to the output ring backup switch matrix and used for selecting which two output links are used subsequently, and the output links comprise: an 4/20GHz up-converter, a corresponding 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier and a 20GHz isolator;
the 4/20GHz up-converter of the output link is responsible for frequency conversion and amplification of a 4GHz C-band signal to 20GHz Ka frequency, then the 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier is used for high-power amplification of the frequency-converted signal, the amplified signal is isolated by the 20GHz isolator and finally synthesized into one path through the Ka-band output multiplexer to be sent to the transmitting antenna, and the forwarding task of the broadband signal is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention firstly designs and realizes two paths of broadband Ka repeaters with 450MHz bandwidth which can work simultaneously, and completes the high-speed data transmission task of the user spacecraft on the premise of meeting the system reliability; secondly, the repeater can cover a user frequency range as wide as 25-27.5 GHz, and has a function of adjusting working frequency, so that the repeater can flexibly meet the requirement of large bandwidth use of a user spacecraft.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a repeater system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an input signal to the transponder system;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output signal of the transponder system.
Detailed Description
A large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system comprising: the device comprises a Ka input preselector, an input ring backup switch matrix, a 26GHz low noise amplifier, a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix, an 26/4GHz down converter, a 4GHz broadband filter, an output ring backup switch matrix, a 4/20GHz up converter, a 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier, a 20GHz isolator, a Ka frequency band output multiplexer, and a high frequency stabilization source and a power divider which provide 10MHz frequency reference for the frequency converter. A schematic diagram of a high-bandwidth, frequency-tunable, high-speed Ka-band transponder system as described herein is shown in fig. 1.
The repeater aims at two paths of high-speed signals transmitted from a user spacecraft, and the high-speed signals are subjected to broadband filtering through two Ka input preselectors and then are transmitted to an input ring backup switch matrix for selecting which two 26GHz low-noise amplifiers are used for low-noise amplification of the signals;
the 26GHz low-noise amplifier is connected with a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix and is used for selecting any two of four 26/4GHz down converters connected behind to be used for carrying out frequency conversion amplification on 26GHz signals to a 4GHz C frequency band, wherein the 26/4GHz down converter has a frequency adjusting function, the 26/4GHz down converter inputs any broadband signal in a frequency band range, the frequency band of the signals output to the C frequency band is kept unchanged through local oscillation adjustment, and the local oscillation adjusting function is realized through a remote control command;
the 26/4GHz down converter is connected with a 4GHz broadband filter and is used for finely filtering signals converted to a C frequency band in a use bandwidth; the 4GHz broadband filter is connected to the output ring backup switch matrix and used for selecting which two output links are used subsequently, and the output links comprise: an 4/20GHz up-converter, a corresponding 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier and a 20GHz isolator;
the 4/20GHz up-converter of the output link is responsible for frequency conversion and amplification of a 4GHz C-band signal to 20GHz Ka frequency, then the 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier is used for high-power amplification of the frequency-converted signal, the amplified signal is isolated by the 20GHz isolator and finally synthesized into one path through the Ka-band output multiplexer to be sent to the transmitting antenna, and the forwarding task of the broadband signal is completed.
A schematic diagram of Ka band signals to be retransmitted by a user spacecraft is shown in fig. 2, and the signals are also input Ka band signals of the repeater system of the present invention. The signal rate range is 25 GHz-27.5 GHz, four broadband signals with center frequencies of F1, F2, F3 and F4 are actually used, and the bandwidth of each working frequency band is 450 MHz. The four broadband signals are not overlapped in frequency and belong to frequency division signals. In actual operation, two broadband signals may be present simultaneously. The core function of the repeater system of the invention is to repeat two broadband signals in the four signals.
When the repeater system works, two paths of broadband signals simultaneously enter the Ka input preselector, and the repeater system is mainly used for filtering and inhibiting out-of-band signals; the frequency range of the passband of the pre-selector is 25 GHz-27.5 GHz as the pre-selector is adapted to the signals in the whole frequency range, thereby ensuring that possible four broadband signals can enter the system.
The Ka signal with the out-of-band interference filtered enters an input ring backup switch matrix and a 26GHz low noise amplifier, and is mainly used for carrying out low noise amplification on a received broadband signal. The repeater system of the invention is provided with four 26GHz low noise amplifiers, each low noise amplifier is single-in and single-out, so that only two 26GHz low noise amplifiers are needed during normal operation, but 4: 2 cold backup. The implementation and selection of the backup function are determined by an input ring backup switch matrix, and when two low-noise amplifiers are selected to work, the switch matrix is switched to a corresponding low-noise amplifier channel by using an instruction so as to be in a working mode, and the unselected low-noise amplifiers are in a backup state.
The Ka signal after low-noise amplification enters a frequency conversion selection loop backup switch matrix and an 26/4GHz down converter, and the Ka broadband signal is mainly subjected to frequency conversion to a 4GHz C frequency band. The repeater system is provided with four 26/4GHz down converters, and the radio frequency channel of each frequency converter is single-in and single-out, so that only two 26/4GHz down converters are needed during normal work, but in order to ensure the reliability of the system, 4: 2 cold backup. The implementation and selection of the backup function are determined by an input ring backup switch matrix, which two 26/4GHz down converters work is selected, and the switch matrix is switched to a corresponding 26/4GHz down converter channel by using an instruction so that the down converter channel is in a working mode, and the unselected 26/4GHz down converter is in a backup state.
It should be noted that the local oscillation frequency of the 26/4GHz down converter is designed to be adjustable, that is, no matter which bandwidth signal of F1, F2, F3, and F4 is inputted, the local oscillation frequency can be adjusted by sending a local oscillation switching command, so that the outputted C-band signal is a broadband signal of the same center frequency. Thus, four frequency converters are not needed to accommodate signals of four frequencies, i.e., the 1 26/4GHz down-converter used in the present invention is equivalent to 4 of the conventional frequency converter. Therefore, if the same backup method and reliability as the present solution are used, 16 conventional 26/4GHz down converters are needed, the size, weight, power consumption and cost of the whole system will be increased greatly, and thus the advantages of the relay forwarding system of the present invention can be seen.
And the signals uniformly converted to the C frequency band enter a 4GHz broadband filter, and further filtering of the two paths of broadband signals is continuously completed. The four 4GHz broadband filters have completely consistent technical indexes and the bandwidths of 450MHz, and are mainly used for filtering interference outside the useful bandwidth of each broadband signal. This is much narrower than the bandwidth of the input pre-selector, corresponding to a specific 450MHz operating bandwidth signal.
The filtered C-band signal enters an output ring backup switch matrix, an 4/20GHz up-converter, a 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier and a 20GHz isolator, the C-band signal is mainly converted to 20GHz in frequency, and high-power amplification is carried out through the traveling wave tube amplifier. The repeater system of the invention is provided with four 4/20GHz up-converters, and the radio frequency channel of each frequency converter is single-in and single-out, so that only two 4/20GHz up-converters are needed during normal operation, but 4: 2 cold backup. The implementation and selection of the backup function are determined by an input ring backup switch matrix, which two 4/20GHz up-converters work is selected, and the switch matrix is switched to a corresponding 4/20GHz up-converter channel by using a command to enable the switch matrix to be in a working mode, and the unselected 4/20GHz up-converter is in a backup state.
It should be noted that, in the repeater system of the present invention, there are four 4/20GHz upconverters, the frequency and bandwidth of the input signals are identical, but the output frequencies are different, and are mainly identical to the frequency of the traveling wave tube amplifier connected to the back end, that is, the output signals are separated in the frequency domain, as shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from the figure, the frequency-converted signals to 20GHz are at 19-21.5 GHz, the center frequency of each signal is P1, P2, P3 and P4 respectively, and the bandwidth is 450 MHz. The frequency of the output signal is specifically determined by the operating 4/20GHz up-converter and traveling wave tube amplifier. The power of the traveling wave tube amplifier is 60W, the gain is 70dB, the gain adjusting capacity of 20dB is achieved, and the traveling wave tube amplifier can be in the best working state. The purpose of the isolator is to improve the inter-stage matching state and provide the return protection of the traveling wave tube amplifier.
The signals after up-conversion and high-power amplification enter a Ka frequency band output multiplexer for combining and outputting the output signals. The output multiplexer is four-in and one-out, combines four paths of 20GHz signals into one path, and sends the path to an antenna for signal transmission.
The repeater system has a two-stage frequency conversion function, is provided with 4 26/4GHz down converters and 4 4/20GHz up converters, and the local frequency of the repeater system is generated in a single machine through a 10MHz reference signal uniformly provided by the system. While the 10MHz reference signal consists of two 2: 1 cold backup 10MHz high frequency stabilization source through 2: and 8 power dividers are then fed to the 8 frequency converters.
The repeater of the relay satellite is a high-speed Ka frequency band repeater with large bandwidth and adjustable frequency, can meet the frequency requirements of different user spacecraft terminals, covers a wider frequency range, has frequency adjusting capacity, uses the Ka frequency band with higher frequency, and can meet the requirement of high-speed transmission.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A high-bandwidth, frequency-tunable, high-speed Ka-band repeater system, comprising: the device comprises a Ka input preselector, an input ring backup switch matrix, a 26GHz low noise amplifier, a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix, an 26/4GHz down converter, a 4GHz broadband filter, an output ring backup switch matrix, a 4/20GHz up converter, a 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier, a 20GHz isolator, a Ka frequency band output multiplexer, and a high frequency stabilization source and a power divider which provide 10MHz frequency reference for the frequency converter.
2. The large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 1, wherein:
the repeater aims at two paths of high-speed signals transmitted from a user spacecraft, and the high-speed signals are subjected to broadband filtering through two Ka input preselectors and then are transmitted to an input ring backup switch matrix for selecting which two 26GHz low-noise amplifiers are used for low-noise amplification of the signals;
the 26GHz low-noise amplifier is connected with a frequency conversion selection ring backup switch matrix and is used for selecting any two of four 26/4GHz down converters connected behind to be used for carrying out frequency conversion amplification on 26GHz signals to a 4GHz C frequency band, wherein the 26/4GHz down converter has a frequency adjusting function, the 26/4GHz down converter inputs any broadband signal in a frequency band range, the frequency band of the signals output to the C frequency band is kept unchanged through local oscillation adjustment, and the local oscillation adjusting function is realized through a remote control command;
the 26/4GHz down converter is connected with a 4GHz broadband filter and is used for finely filtering signals converted to a C frequency band in a use bandwidth; the 4GHz broadband filter is connected to the output ring backup switch matrix and used for selecting which two output links are used subsequently, and the output links comprise: an 4/20GHz up-converter, a corresponding 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier and a 20GHz isolator;
the 4/20GHz up-converter of the output link is responsible for frequency conversion and amplification of a 4GHz C-band signal to 20GHz Ka frequency, then the 20GHz traveling wave tube amplifier is used for high-power amplification of the frequency-converted signal, the amplified signal is isolated by the 20GHz isolator and finally synthesized into one path through the Ka-band output multiplexer to be sent to the transmitting antenna, and the forwarding task of the broadband signal is completed.
3. The large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 2, wherein:
the repeater system has a two-stage frequency conversion function and is provided with 4 26/4GHz down converters and 4 4/20GHz up converters, and the local frequency is generated in a high frequency stabilization source single machine through a 10MHz reference signal uniformly provided by the system.
4. A large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the 10MHz reference signal consists of two 2: 1 cold backup 10MHz high frequency stabilization source through 2: and the 8 power dividers are then fed to the 8 frequency converters.
5. The large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 4, wherein: the Ka input preselector passband frequency range is 25 GHz-27.5 GHz.
6. The large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 5, wherein: the local oscillation frequency of the 26/4GHz down converter can be adjusted.
7. The large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 6, wherein: the filter comprises four 4GHz broadband filters, and the bandwidths of the four 4GHz broadband filters are 450 MHz.
8. The large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 7, wherein: the frequency converter comprises four 4/20GHz up-converters, and the radio frequency channel of each frequency converter is single-input and single-output.
9. The large bandwidth, frequency tunable high speed Ka band repeater system according to claim 8, wherein: the frequency and bandwidth of the input signals of the four 4/20GHz up-converters are kept consistent, and the output frequencies of the four 4/20GHz up-converters are all different.
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| CN115765834A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-03-07 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Broadband satellite feeder link receiving channel system |
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