CN114039265B - Multi-wavelength same-repetition-frequency and power ratio-adjustable mid-infrared all-fiber laser - Google Patents
Multi-wavelength same-repetition-frequency and power ratio-adjustable mid-infrared all-fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- H01S3/102—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation
- H01S3/1022—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the active medium, e.g. by controlling the processes or apparatus for excitation by controlling the optical pumping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-wavelength same repetition frequency and adjustable power ratio mid-infrared all-fiber laser, which belongs to the technical field of fiber lasers and comprises a first pumping source, a first rare earth ion doped fiber, a fluoride fiber, a second rare earth ion doped fiber and a second pumping source which are sequentially connected, wherein the first pumping source and the second pumping source are power-adjustable pumping sources; the first rare earth ion doped optical fiber and the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber are engraved with one-to-one corresponding fiber grating pairs. According to the invention, two rare earth ion dopant optical fibers are cascaded to construct a composite linear resonant cavity, and an optical switch of a low-dimensional material micro-nano optical fiber in the cavity is utilized to simultaneously act on a double-gain optical fiber in a single linear cavity, so that the output of a repetition frequency multi-wavelength pulse laser is realized; meanwhile, based on the structure of the infrared fiber laser in the application, the adjustment of the power ratio of the pulse laser is realized by adjusting the size and the proportion of the pumping power of the two pumping sources, so that the application scene of the laser is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, in particular to a mid-infrared all-fiber laser with multiple wavelengths, the same repetition frequency and adjustable power ratio.
Background
The 3-8 mu m mid-infrared band laser is just in the atmospheric absorption window, in the window, the absorption of water vapor and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to light is small, low-loss transmission of light can be realized, and absorption peak spectrum detection of numerous important molecules and atoms is covered, so that the band laser has important application in military and civil aspects such as atmospheric remote sensing, environment monitoring, laser guidance, mid-infrared band photoelectric countermeasure, atmospheric communication and the like.
The fiber laser can provide a stable and efficient path for the radiation of the mid-infrared pulse laser, and compared with the traditional solid, gas and semiconductor lasers, the mid-infrared fiber laser has a series of advantages of good beam quality, high conversion efficiency, good heat dissipation, easy integration and the like. In recent years, mid-infrared fiber lasers have been rapidly developed with the improvement of the level of optical fiber drawing technology and the gradual maturity of the manufacturing technology of related optical fiber components. At present, in a mid-infrared pulse fiber laser, the generation of high-energy ns-ms magnitude pulse laser is mainly realized by using an active or passive (saturable absorber or nonlinear effect and the like) modulation mode. Among them, passive Q-switching using a saturable absorber is more concerned due to its advantages of simple and compact structure and high cost performance. At present, a great number of reports related to intermediate infrared pulse lasers exist, but most of the reports are concentrated on a wave band of 1-3 mu m, and the wave band is mostly single-wavelength; in the middle infrared long wavelength region of more than 3 μm, it is difficult to output multi-wavelength pulse laser through one fiber laser at present, and even impossible to output pulse laser with adjustable pulse repetition frequency and adjustable power ratio based on a single fiber laser.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the prior art can not realize the output of pulse laser with multiple wavelengths, repetition frequencies and adjustable power ratio based on a single optical fiber laser, and provides a mid-infrared all-fiber laser with multiple wavelengths, the same repetition frequencies and adjustable power ratio.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a mid-infrared all-fiber laser with multiple wavelengths, same repetition frequency and adjustable power ratio comprises a first pumping source, a first rare earth ion doped fiber, a fluoride fiber, a second rare earth ion doped fiber and a second pumping source which are sequentially connected, wherein the first pumping source and the second pumping source are power-adjustable pumping sources; the fluoride optical fiber is provided with a coating material tapered optical fiber or a side polishing optical fiber; wherein the coated material side-polished fiber is preferably a two-dimensional coated D-side polished fiber.
The first rare earth ion doped optical fiber and the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber are engraved with one-to-one corresponding fiber grating pairs, each pair of fiber gratings forms a resonant cavity, and each resonant cavity is used for selecting lasers with different wavelengths and further outputting pulse lasers with multiple wavelengths, repetition frequencies and adjustable power ratios, wherein the wavelength ranges from 3 micrometers to 8 micrometers.
In an example, the first pump source and the second pump source are replaced by a third pump source and a beam splitter, the third pump source is connected with the input end of the beam splitter, the first output end of the beam splitter is connected with the first rare-earth ion doped fiber, and the second output end of the beam splitter is connected with the second rare-earth ion doped fiber.
In an example, the first pump source and/or the second pump source and/or the third pump source is a semiconductor laser.
In an example, the output end of the second pump source is connected to a beam combiner, a first port of the beam combiner is connected to the second rare-earth ion doped fiber, and a third port of the beam combiner is a laser output end.
In an example, the second output end of the beam splitter is connected to a beam combiner, the first port of the beam combiner is connected to the second rare-earth ion doped fiber, and the third port of the beam combiner is a laser output end.
In one example, the first port of the combiner is connected with a fluoride tail fiber, and the fluoride tail fiber is connected with the second rare-earth ion doped optical fiber.
In one example, the first rare earth ion doped fiber and the second rare earth ion doped fiber are Ho doped fibers3+Fluoride optical fiber and Dy doped3+Fluoride optical fiber, doped Tb3+Fluoride optical fiber and Er-doped fiber3+Fluoride optical fiber, doped Tm3+Fluoride optical fiber, Ho3+/Pr3 +Any two of the co-doped fluoride fibers.
In one example, the first rare earth is rare earthThe sub-doped fiber is Dy-doped3+The fluoride optical fiber and the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber are Ho-doped3+A fluoride optical fiber.
In an example, a first fiber grating and a second fiber grating are engraved on the first rare earth ion doped fiber, a third fiber grating and a fourth fiber grating are engraved on the second rare earth ion doped fiber, and the first fiber grating and the fourth fiber grating form a first resonant cavity for selecting laser with a first wavelength; the second fiber grating and the third fiber grating form a second resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the second wavelength.
In one example, a fifth fiber grating, a first fiber grating and a second fiber grating are engraved on the first rare-earth ion doped fiber, and a third fiber grating, a fourth fiber grating and a sixth fiber grating are engraved on the second rare-earth ion doped fiber; the first fiber grating and the fourth fiber grating form a first resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the first wavelength; the second fiber grating and the third fiber grating form a second resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the second wavelength; and the fifth fiber grating and the sixth fiber grating form a third resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the third wavelength.
It should be further noted that the technical features corresponding to the above examples can be combined with each other or replaced to form a new technical solution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in one example, two rare earth ion dopant optical fibers are cascaded to construct a composite linear resonant cavity, and an optical switch of a intracavity low-dimensional material micro-nano optical fiber is utilized to simultaneously act on a double-gain optical fiber (rare earth ion dopant optical fiber) in a single linear cavity to realize the output of a repetition frequency multi-wavelength pulse laser; meanwhile, based on the structure of the infrared fiber laser in the application, the adjustment of the power ratio of the pulse laser is realized by adjusting the size and the proportion of the pumping power of the two pumping sources, so that the application scene of the laser is expanded; furthermore, by selecting different types and concentrations of rare earth ion doped fibers or pumping sources with different pumping wavelengths, the pulse laser with different wavelengths and the same repetition frequency can be output, and the method has good transportability and expansibility and is more beneficial to practical application.
2. In one example, two pump sources are replaced by one pump source and the beam splitter, a new laser structure is provided, and the system cost can be further reduced on the basis of meeting the performance requirement of the laser.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser structure in a first example of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows Dy doped in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention3+A schematic diagram of energy level transition of a fluoride optical fiber;
FIG. 3 illustrates Ho doping in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention3+A schematic diagram of energy level transition of a fluoride optical fiber;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser structure in a second example of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a second example of Dy doping in accordance with the present invention3+A schematic diagram of energy level transition of a fluoride optical fiber;
FIG. 6 shows a second example of the present invention doped with Tb3+Energy level transition schematic of fluoride fiber.
In the figure: a first pumping source-1, a first pumping source tail fiber-2, a first optical fiber fusion point-3, a first optical fiber grating-4, a second optical fiber grating-5, a first rare earth ion doped optical fiber-6, a second optical fiber fusion point-7, a fluoride optical fiber-8, a coating material tapered optical fiber-9, a third optical fiber fusion point-10, a second rare earth ion doped optical fiber-11, a third optical fiber grating-12, a fourth optical fiber grating-13, a fourth optical fiber fusion point-14, a beam combiner first port tail fiber-15, a beam combiner-16, a beam combiner second port tail fiber-17, a fifth optical fiber fusion point-18, a second pumping source tail fiber-19, a second pumping source-20, a beam combiner third port tail fiber-21, a laser output end-22, A fifth fiber grating-23 and a sixth fiber grating-24.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that directions or positional relationships indicated by "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are directions or positional relationships based on the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In one example, the intermediate infrared all-fiber laser with multiple wavelengths, same repetition frequency and adjustable power ratio specifically comprises a first pump source 1, a first rare earth ion doped fiber 6, a fluoride fiber 8 and a second rare earth ion doped fiber 11 which are connected in sequenceThe first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 are laser pump sources with adjustable power; tapering the middle of the fluoride fiber 8 and coating with two-dimensional material (graphite, black phosphorus, Bi)2Te3Etc.) as saturable absorbers, thereby generating high-energy, i.e., ns-ms order pulsed laser light. Furthermore, the first rare earth ion doped fiber 6 and the second rare earth ion doped fiber 11 are engraved with one-to-one corresponding fiber grating pairs, each pair of fiber gratings constitutes a resonant cavity, each resonant cavity is used for selecting laser with different wavelengths, and further the laser output end 22 outputs multi-wavelength, repetition frequency and power ratio adjustable pulse laser with the wavelength range of 3 μm to 8 μm. The pumping source is used for exciting the laser working substance and pumping the activated particles from a ground state to a high energy level so as to realize the population inversion. The rare earth ion doped optical fiber realizes optical amplification by utilizing a gain mechanism caused by rare earth doped substances in the optical fiber, and the condition for realizing the optical amplification is the particle number reversal of the rare earth ions in the active optical fiber. In a thermal equilibrium state, the particle number of each energy level of the rare earth ions obeys the boltzmann statistical distribution, namely under the thermal equilibrium condition, the particle number of a high energy level is constantly smaller than that of a low energy level; when light with a frequency v = Δ E/h (Δ E is an energy difference between 2 energy levels, and h is a planck constant) passes through the rare-earth-doped optical fiber, the number of excited absorbed photons is constantly larger than the number of photons of excited radiation, and therefore the optical fiber in a thermal equilibrium state can only absorb photons. The population inversion can only be achieved when the rare-earth ions in the fiber are in a non-thermal equilibrium state by supplying energy to the rare-earth doped fiber from the outside world (called excitation or pumping process), and thus the pumping process is a necessary condition for light amplification. More specifically, the fluoride fiber is an optical fiber made of fluoride glass, mainly works in optical transmission service with a wavelength of 2-10 μm, meets the requirement of transmission of infrared band laser in the application, and has high doping concentration and strength, high stability and low background loss.
Specifically, the output end of a first pumping source 1 is connected with a first pumping source tail fiber 2, and the first pumping source tail fiber 2 is connected with a first rare earth ion doped fiber 6 through a first fiber fusion point 3; the first rare earth ion doped optical fiber 6 is connected with one end of a fluoride optical fiber 8 through a second optical fiber fusion point 7; the other end of the fluoride optical fiber 8 is connected with one end of a second rare earth ion doped optical fiber 11 through a third optical fiber fusion point 10; the other end of the second rare earth ion doped fiber 11 is connected with a second pumping source 20.
In the example, two rare earth ion dopant optical fibers are cascaded to construct a composite linear resonant cavity, lasers with different wavelengths are selected through the linear resonant cavity, the generated lasers generate pulse lasers under the saturation absorption characteristic of a tapered optical fiber coated with a two-dimensional material, then mid-infrared band multi-wavelength same-repetition-frequency pulse lasers are generated in a cascading mode, output of the mid-infrared multi-wavelength same-frequency pulse lasers can be achieved in one optical fiber laser, the same repetition frequency can be accurately controlled, meanwhile, the laser is of an all-optical-fiber structure, and the optical fiber laser is high in conversion efficiency, convenient in thermal control management, compact and flexible in structure.
Further, based on the infrared fiber laser structure in the present application, the present invention combines the characteristics of the rare earth ion doped fibers, that is, the output power of each rare earth ion doped fiber is mainly controlled by the pump source near the fiber end, so that the present application controls the output power of the two rare earth ion doped fibers through the two pump sources, and adjusts the pump power magnitudes and the ratio of the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 on the basis, thereby realizing the output power ratio control of the multi-wavelength and same-frequency pulse laser, and expanding the application scenarios of the laser. In the medical field, 2-mum pulse water absorption is relatively weak and is mainly used for opening a channel in a tissue, and 3-mum pulse can realize tissue depth action by means of the channel, so that more efficient tissue ablation can be realized at a lower power level, and the power ratio of two wavelengths can be adjusted to be more favorable for controlling action depth and effect on the tissue; in industrial processing, different materials absorb different wave bands, so that the composite material has composite wavelength and adjustable power ratio, and is more favorable for realizing precise processing of the material; for example, in military applications, the mid-infrared detector materials (such as mercury cadmium telluride) have different responses to different band materials, the saturation thresholds are also different, and the pump light can be more efficiently utilized by realizing adjustable power ratio.
In this example, the two pump sources are preferably pump sources with adjustable output laser wavelengths, and the adjustment of the pump laser wavelengths can also be realized by replacing pump sources with different wavelengths; meanwhile, different types and concentrations of rare earth ion doped optical fibers can be adopted to modulate the pulse laser. By selecting different types and concentrations of rare earth ion doped fibers or pumping sources with different pumping wavelengths, the pulse laser with different wavelengths and same repetition frequency can be output, and the method has good transportability and expansibility and is more beneficial to practical application.
In an example, the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 are replaced by a third pump source and a beam splitter, the third pump source is connected with an input end of the beam splitter, a first output end of the beam splitter is connected with the first rare earth ion doped fiber 6, a second output end of the beam splitter is connected with the second rare earth ion doped fiber 11, and pump laser of the third pump source is divided into two parts by the beam splitter and is respectively incident to the two rare earth ion doped fibers. More specifically, the power ratio of the beam splitter is adjusted according to the actual scene requirements, for example, the beam splitters with different power ratios are customized, so that the pump laser powers at the two output ends of the beam splitter are adjusted, and further, the power ratio of the multi-wavelength same-repetition-frequency pulse laser at the output end of the laser is adjusted. In this example, the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 are replaced by the third pump source and the beam splitter, and a new laser structure is provided, so that the system cost can be further reduced on the basis of meeting the performance requirement of the laser.
In an example, the first pump source 1, the second pump source 20, and the third pump source are all semiconductor lasers, i.e., laser diodes, which have a small size and a long service life, and are pumped by a simple current injection manner, so that the pumping device is convenient to use. The first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 may use laser pumping with the same wavelength.
In an example, the output end of the second pump source 20 is connected to a beam combiner 16, a first port of the beam combiner is connected to one end of the second rare-earth ion doped fiber 11, and a third port of the beam combiner 16 is a laser output end 22. Specifically, the output end of the second pump source 20 is connected to a pigtail 19 of the second pump source 20, the pigtail 19 of the second pump source 20 is connected to the second port of the beam combiner 16, and the first port of the beam combiner 16 is welded to one end (the end far away from the fluoride fiber 8) of the second rare-earth ion doped fiber 11. More specifically, the first port of the beam combiner is correspondingly connected with a tail fiber 15 (fluoride tail fiber) of the first port of the beam combiner, the second port of the beam combiner is correspondingly connected with a tail fiber 17 of the second port of the beam combiner, the third port of the beam combiner is correspondingly connected with a tail fiber of the third port of the beam combiner, at this time, a tail fiber 19 of a second pumping source 20 is welded with the tail fiber of the second port of the beam combiner, and the welding position is a fifth optical fiber welding point 18; a first port tail fiber 15 of the beam combiner is welded with one end of a second rare earth ion doped optical fiber 11, and the welding position is a fourth optical fiber welding point 14; one end of the third fluoride optical fiber 8 is connected with the third port of the beam combiner, and the other end is a laser output end 22.
In an example, the second output end of the beam splitter is connected to a beam combiner 16, a first port of the beam combiner is connected to one end of the second rare-earth ion doped fiber 11, and a third port of the beam combiner 16 is a laser output end 22. Specifically, the second output end of the beam splitter is connected with a jumper pigtail, the jumper pigtail is welded with the second port of the beam combiner 16, and the first port of the beam combiner 16 is welded with one end (the end far away from the fluoride fiber 8) of the second rare-earth ion doped fiber 11. More specifically, the first port of the beam combiner is correspondingly connected with a tail fiber 15 (fluoride tail fiber) of the first port of the beam combiner, the second port of the beam combiner is correspondingly connected with a tail fiber of the second port of the beam combiner, the third port of the beam combiner is correspondingly connected with a tail fiber of the third port of the beam combiner, at this time, a tail fiber 19 of a second pumping source 20 is welded with the tail fiber of the second port of the beam combiner, and the welding position is a fifth optical fiber welding point 18; a first port tail fiber 15 of the beam combiner is welded with one end of a second rare earth ion doped optical fiber 11, and the welding position is a fourth optical fiber welding point 14; one end of the third fluoride optical fiber 8 is connected with the third port of the beam combiner, and the other end is a laser output end 22.
In one example, the first rare earth ion doped fiber 6 and the second rare earth ion doped fiber 11 are Ho-doped fibers3+Fluoride optical fiber and Dy doped3+Fluoride optical fiber, doped Tb3+Fluoride optical fiber and Er-doped fiber3+Fluoride optical fiber, doped Tm3+Fluoride optical fiber, Ho3 +/Pr3+Any two of the co-doped fluoride fibers. Preferably, the first rare-earth-ion-doped optical fiber 6 is in particular Dy-doped3+The fluoride optical fiber, the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber 11 is specifically Ho doped3+A fluoride optical fiber.
In an example, a first fiber grating 4 and a second fiber grating 5 are engraved on the first rare earth ion doped fiber 6, a third fiber grating 12 and a fourth fiber grating 13 are engraved on the second rare earth ion doped fiber 11, and the first fiber grating 4 and the fourth fiber grating 13 form a first linear resonant cavity for selecting laser with a first wavelength; the second fiber grating 5 and the third fiber grating 12 form a second linear resonant cavity for selecting the laser light with the second wavelength. Among them, the fiber grating is preferably a bragg diffraction grating. The first wavelength laser and the second wavelength laser are changed according to different wavelength pumping sources and the rare earth ion doping types or doping concentrations of the rare earth ion doped optical fiber. More specifically, the output of the dual-wavelength repetition frequency pulse laser can be realized by changing the central wavelength of the fiber grating pair or adjusting the temperature of the fiber grating pair, and the output wavelength of the generated dual-wavelength repetition frequency pulse laser can be tuned by adjusting the temperature. Specifically, by customizing the center wavelength of the fiber grating, the resonant cavity formed by the fiber grating pairs with different center wavelengths can be selected to further select laser with different wavelengths, and further obtain the same repetition frequency pulse laser with corresponding wavelengths. Further, in this example, the high reflectivity of the first resonant cavity to the laser with the first wavelength is greater than or equal to 95%, and the low reflectivity to the laser with the first wavelength is 30 to 50%, that is, the reflectivity of the first fiber grating 4 in the first resonant cavity to the laser with the first wavelength is greater than or equal to 95%, and the reflectivity of the fourth fiber grating 13 to the laser with the first wavelength is 30 to 50%; the high reflectivity of the second resonant cavity to the laser with the second wavelength is greater than or equal to 95%, and the low reflectivity to the laser with the second wavelength is 30-50%, that is, the reflectivity of the second fiber grating 5 in the second resonant cavity to the laser with the second wavelength is greater than or equal to 95%, and the reflectivity of the third fiber grating 12 to the laser with the second wavelength is 30-50%.
The above examples are combined to obtain a first preferred example of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, in which a laser includes a first pump source 1, Dy-doped, connected in series3+Fluoride optical fiber, fluoride optical fiber 8, Ho-doped optical fiber3+A fluoride fiber and a second pump source 20. A second pump source 20 passing through the beam combiner 16 and the Ho-doped tube3+One end of the fluoride optical fiber is connected. Specifically, the first pumping source 1 is an 888nm laser diode, and 888nm wavelength laser is output from a first pumping source tail fiber 2; the second fiber grating 5 and the third fiber grating 12 are respectively directly etched in the Dy-doped fiber grating3+Fluoride optical fiber and Ho-doped optical fiber3+Bragg diffraction gratings on the fluoride fiber respectively form a resonant cavity of the 3 mu m fiber laser for high reflection (the reflection rate is 95%) and low reflection (the reflection rate is 30%) of the 3 mu m wavelength laser. The second pumping source 20 is an 888nm laser diode, and 888nm wavelength laser is output from a tail fiber 19 of the second pumping source; the first fiber grating 4 and the fourth fiber grating 13 are respectively directly etched on the Dy-doped fiber grating3+Fluoride optical fiber and Ho-doped optical fiber3+Bragg diffraction gratings on the fluoride fiber respectively form a resonant cavity of the 3.9 mu m fiber laser for high reflection (the reflection rate is 97%) and low reflection (the reflection rate is 40%) of the 3.9 mu m wavelength laser.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 2-3, the principle of the specific energy level transition corresponding to the first preferred example laser generation is as follows:
23 5I8energy level of Ho3+The ground state energy level of the fluoride fiber, with a large number of particles at this level, is 285I8→5I5The initial energy level of the energy level transition process; 245I7With energy level of Ho doping3+The second excited state energy level of the fluoride fiber is 295I7→5F5The initial energy level of the energy level transition process; 255I6Energy level of Ho3+Is 30, is5I5→5I6A termination energy level of the energy level transition process; 265I5Energy level of Ho3+Is at a third excited state energy level of5I8→5I5Energy levelEnd energy level of transition process and 305I5→5I6The starting energy level of the energy level transition process; 275F5With energy level of Ho doping3+The fifth excited state energy level of the fluoride fiber is 295I7→5F5A termination energy level of the energy level transition process; 285I8→5I5Energy level transition process, which absorbs 888nm wavelength laser length, will be 235I8Pumping particles at energy level to 265I5At an energy level; 295I7→5F5The energy level transition process, which also absorbs the 888nm wavelength laser length, will be 245I7Pumping of particles at energy level to 275F5At an energy level; 305I5→5I6Energy level transition process by means of stimulated emission of 265I5Release of particles at energy level to 255I6On the energy level, 3.9 mu m wavelength laser is generated simultaneously; 316H15/2Energy level of Dy3+Dy in fluoride optical fiber3+Is a ground state energy level of 376H15/2→（6H5/2; 6F7/2) Starting energy level of energy level transition process and 386H13/2→6H15/2A termination energy level of the energy level transition process; 326H13/2Energy level of Dy3+Dy in fluoride optical fiber3+Is 38, is6H13/2→6H15/2The initial energy level of the energy level transition process; 36 (6H5/2; 6F7/2) Energy level of Dy3+Dy in fluoride optical fiber3+Is 376H15/2→（6H5/2; 6F7/2) A termination energy level of the energy level transition process; 376H15/2→（6H5/2; 6F7/2) The energy level transition process absorbs the excitation length of 888nm wavelength and 316H15/2Pumping particles at energy level to 36: (6H5/2; 6F7/2) At an energy level; 386H13/2→6H15/2Energy level transition process, which is to say 32 by means of stimulated radiation6H13/2Release of particles at energy level to 316H15/2At the energy level, a 3 μm wavelength laser is generated.
More specifically, the use procedure of this first preferred example is: starting a first pump source 1, inputting the pumping laser with 888nm wavelength to Dy-doped via a first optical fiber welding point 33+In the fluoride fiber, generated 3 [ mu ] m wavelength laser forms pulses through the coating material tapered fiber 9, continuously circulates in a 3 [ mu ] m resonant cavity formed by the second fiber grating 5 and the third fiber grating 12, and finally outputs 3 [ mu ] m co-heavy frequency pulse laser from a third port tail fiber 21 of the fiber combiner through the fiber combiner 16. As shown in fig. 2-3, the corresponding energy level processes are: 888nm wavelength laser pass 376H15/2→（6H5/2; 6F7/2) The energy level transition process will be 316H15/2Pumping particles at energy level to 36: (6H5/2; 6F7/2) At energy level, with 36: (6H5/2; 6F7/2) The number of particles on the energy level is increased when 316H15/2Energy level 36: (6H5/2; 6F7/2) Energy levels and6H13/2when the energy level satisfies the condition of population inversion 386H13/2→6H15/2And the energy level transition process occurs to generate 3μm wavelength laser.
The second pump source 20 is started, and the generated 888nm laser is combined into the optical fiber combiner 16 through the fifth optical fiber fusion point 18 and then input into the Ho-doped laser through the fourth fusion point 143+In the fluoride fiber, the generated 3.9 [ mu ] m wavelength laser passes through the coating material tapering fiber 9, continuously circulates in a 3.9 [ mu ] m resonant cavity formed by the first fiber grating 4 and the fourth fiber grating 13, and finally outputs 3.9 [ mu ] m coincidence frequency pulse laser from a third port tail fiber 21 of the fiber combiner through the fiber combiner 16. As shown in fig. 2-3, the corresponding energy level processes are: 888nm wavelength laserLight passing 285I8→5I5The energy level transition process will be 235I8Pumping particles at energy level to 265I5At an energy level, promote 265I5Energy level sum of 255I6The energy level realizes population inversion, and the excited state absorption at 888nm also occurs at 295I7→5F5Energy level transition process, will 245I7Pumping of particles at energy level to 275F5At an energy level of 245I7The energy level particle density decreases and is pumped to 275F5The particles of energy level are released to 26 by multiphoton relaxation5I5Energy level, thereby promoting 265I5Energy level sum of 255I6The energy level satisfies the condition of population inversion faster, and the doubling promotes 305I5→5I6An energy level transition process occurs, producing a 3.9 μm wavelength laser.
When the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 are simultaneously started, the laser outputs 3 mu m and 3.9 mu m dual-wavelength same repetition frequency pulse laser. At this time, most of the pumping power actually absorbed by each rare earth ion doped fiber in the laser is pumped from the 888nm pumping source close to the fiber end, and the other small part of the pumping power actually absorbed by the other rare earth ion doped fiber is pumped from the other 888nm pumping source close to the fiber end, i.e. the output power of each rare earth ion doped fiber is mainly controlled by the pumping close to the fiber end. For example, when the first pump source 1 is turned on, the first rare-earth ion doped fiber 6 close to the first pump source 1 will absorb a large amount of pump light first, and the remaining small amount of pump will be absorbed by the second rare-earth ion doped fiber 11. Based on this, this application has proposed a brand-new laser instrument structure, controls the output power of two tombarthite ion doping optic fibre respectively through two pump sources, and then through the pumping power size and the ratio of adjusting first pump source 1 and second pump source 20, adjusts the output power ratio of 3 mu m and 3.9 mu m co-frequency pulse laser. Besides, the factors influencing the output power ratio are related to the lengths and doping concentrations of the two gain fibers (the doping concentrations influence the absorption coefficients of the two gain fibers at 888 nm) in addition to the power ratios of the pump sources at the two ends, namely, the ion doping concentration of the rare earth ion doped fiber influences the absorption coefficient of the rare earth ion doped fiber at the pump power, and the length of the rare earth ion doped fiber influences the ion absorption. Therefore, the same type of rare earth ion doped fiber may have different lengths and doping concentrations and different output powers under the same pumping power.
Further, the second preferred example is obtained by replacing the first preferred example with the second preferred example, and as shown in fig. 4, the second preferred example replaces the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 in the first preferred example with pump sources with a wavelength of 2800nm, and the Ho-doped pump source3+Replacement of fluoride optical fiber with Tb3+Fluoride optical fiber doped with Dy3+The fluoride fiber is engraved with a fifth fiber grating 23, a first fiber grating 4 and a second fiber grating 5, and doped with Tb3+A third fiber grating 12, a fourth fiber grating 13 and a sixth fiber grating 24 are engraved on the fluoride fiber, at this time, the second fiber grating 5 and the third fiber grating 12 form a second linear resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the first wavelength (3.1 [ mu ] m), the first fiber grating 4 and the fourth fiber grating 13 form a second linear resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the second wavelength (5 [ mu ] m), and the fifth fiber grating 23 and the sixth fiber grating 24 form a third linear resonant cavity (8 [ mu ] m) for selecting the laser with the third wavelength.
The working principle of the laser corresponding to the second preferred example is as follows:
the pumping laser with the wavelength of 2800nm of the first pumping source 1 is started and input to the Dy-doped fiber through the first optical fiber welding point 33+In the fluoride fiber, the generated 2.8 [ mu ] m wavelength laser forms pulses through the coating material tapered fiber 9, continuously circulates in a resonant cavity formed by the second fiber grating 5 and the third fiber grating 12, and finally outputs 3.1 [ mu ] m pulse laser from the fiber combiner third port tail fiber 21 through the fiber combiner 16. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the corresponding energy level process is: 33 represents6H15/2→6H13/2Energy level transition process, which absorbs 2.8 μm wavelength laser length, will be 316H15/2Pumping of particles at energy level to 326H13/2At an energy level; with 326H13/2The number of particles on the energy level is increased when 316H15/2And 326 H 13/234 when the energy level satisfies the condition of population inversion6H13/2→6H15/2The energy level transition process occurs by means of stimulated emission of 326H13/2Release of particles at energy level to 316H15/2At the energy level, a 3.1 μm wavelength laser is generated.
The second pump source 20 is turned on, and the generated 2800nm laser is combined via the fifth optical fiber fusion point 18 into the optical fiber combiner 16, and then input via the fourth fusion point 14 into the Tb-doped laser3+In the fluoride fiber, generated 5 [ mu ] m and 8 [ mu ] m wavelength laser passes through the coating material tapered fiber 9, continuously circulates in a resonant cavity formed by the first fiber grating 4 and the fourth fiber grating 13, and finally outputs 5 [ mu ] m and 8 [ mu ] m pulse laser from a third port tail fiber 21 of the fiber combiner through the fiber combiner 16. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the corresponding energy level process is: 2800nm wavelength laser pass 287F6→7F4The energy level transition process will be 257F6Pumping of particles at energy level to 277F4At energy level, with 277F4The number of particles on the energy level is increased when 277F4Energy level sum 267F5When the energy level satisfies the condition of population inversion, 297F4→7F5An energy level transition process occurs to generate laser with the wavelength of 8μm; the particles are then from 267F5Transition of energy level to ground state 257F6Energy level producing 5 μm laser, 307F5→7F6The energy level transition process will result in 267F5The particle density of the energy level decreases, thereby promoting 297F4→7F5And an energy level transition process occurs, so that the 5 mu m laser and the 8 mu m laser are cascade lasers and can be mutually modulated. When the first pump source 1 and the second pump source 20 are simultaneously started, the laser outputs 3.1 mu m, 5 mu m and 8 mu m three-wavelength same-repetition-frequency pulse laser.
The above detailed description is for the purpose of describing the invention in detail, and it should not be construed that the detailed description is limited to the description, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-wavelength is with repetition frequency and power ratio adjustable mid-infrared all-fiber laser which characterized in that: the device comprises a first pumping source (1), a first rare earth ion doped fiber (6), a fluoride fiber (8), a second rare earth ion doped fiber (11) and a second pumping source (20) which are connected in sequence, wherein the first pumping source (1) and the second pumping source (20) are pumping sources with adjustable power; the fluoride optical fiber (8) is provided with a coating material tapered optical fiber or a coating material side edge polishing optical fiber;
the first rare earth ion doped fiber (6) and the second rare earth ion doped fiber (11) are engraved with one-to-one corresponding fiber grating pairs, each pair of fiber gratings forms a resonant cavity, and each resonant cavity is used for selecting lasers with different wavelengths and further outputting multi-wavelength, repetition frequency and power ratio adjustable pulse lasers with the wavelength range of 3-8 mu m;
the first pump source (1) and the second pump source (20) adopt laser pumping with the same wavelength;
the first rare earth ion doped fiber (6) and the second rare earth ion doped fiber (11) are etched with one-to-one corresponding fiber grating pairs, which specifically comprise: a first fiber grating (4) and a second fiber grating (5) are sequentially engraved at one end of a first rare earth ion doped fiber (6) close to a first pumping source (1), a third fiber grating (12) and a fourth fiber grating (13) are sequentially engraved at one end of a second rare earth ion doped fiber (11) close to a second pumping source (20), the fourth fiber grating (13) is arranged close to the second pumping source (20), and the first fiber grating (4) and the fourth fiber grating (13) form a first resonant cavity for selecting laser with a first wavelength; the second fiber grating (5) and the third fiber grating (12) form a second resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the second wavelength;
or the first rare earth ion doped fiber (6) and the second rare earth ion doped fiber (11) are etched with one-to-one corresponding fiber grating pairs, which are specifically as follows: a fifth fiber grating (23), a first fiber grating (4) and a second fiber grating (5) are sequentially engraved at one end of the first rare earth ion doped fiber (6) close to the first pumping source (1), a third fiber grating (12), a fourth fiber grating (13) and a sixth fiber grating (24) are sequentially engraved at one end of the second rare earth ion doped fiber (11) close to the second pumping source (20), and the sixth fiber grating (24) is arranged close to the second pumping source (20); the first fiber grating (4) and the fourth fiber grating (13) form a first resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the first wavelength; the second fiber grating (5) and the third fiber grating (12) form a second resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the second wavelength; the fifth fiber grating (23) and the sixth fiber grating (24) form a third resonant cavity for selecting the laser with the third wavelength.
2. The multi-wavelength co-repetition frequency mid-infrared all-fiber laser with adjustable power ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first pumping source (1) and the second pumping source (20) are replaced by a third pumping source and a beam splitter, the third pumping source is connected with the input end of the beam splitter, the first output end of the beam splitter is connected with the first rare earth ion doped fiber (6), and the second output end of the beam splitter is connected with the second rare earth ion doped fiber (11).
3. The multi-wavelength co-repetition frequency mid-infrared all-fiber laser with adjustable power ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first pump source (1), the second pump source (20) and the third pump source are semiconductor lasers.
4. The multi-wavelength co-repetition frequency mid-infrared all-fiber laser with adjustable power ratio as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the output end of the second pumping source (20) is connected with a beam combiner (16), the first port of the beam combiner (16) is connected to the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber (11), and the third port of the beam combiner (16) is a laser output end (22).
5. The multi-wavelength co-repetition frequency mid-infrared all-fiber laser with adjustable power ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second output end of the beam splitter is connected with a beam combiner (16), the first port of the beam combiner (16) is connected to the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber (11), and the third port of the beam combiner (16) is a laser output end (22).
6. The multi-wavelength co-repetition frequency mid-infrared all-fiber laser with adjustable power ratio according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the first port of the beam combiner (16) is connected with a fluoride tail fiber, and the fluoride fiber is connected with the second rare earth ion doped fiber (11).
7. The multi-wavelength co-repetition frequency mid-infrared all-fiber laser with adjustable power ratio according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the first rare earth ion doped optical fiber (6) and the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber (11) are Ho-doped3+Fluoride optical fiber and Dy doped3+Fluoride optical fiber, doped Tb3+Fluoride optical fiber and Er-doped fiber3+Fluoride optical fiber, doped Tm3+Fluoride optical fiber, Ho3+/Pr3+Any two of the co-doped fluoride fibers.
8. The multi-wavelength co-repetition frequency mid-infrared all-fiber laser device with adjustable power ratio according to claim 7, wherein: the first rare earth ion doped optical fiber (6) is doped with Dy3+The fluoride optical fiber and the second rare earth ion doped optical fiber (11) are Ho doped3+A fluoride optical fiber.
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