CN114038940A - Method for separating photovoltaic module back plate - Google Patents
Method for separating photovoltaic module back plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN114038940A CN114038940A CN202111287944.8A CN202111287944A CN114038940A CN 114038940 A CN114038940 A CN 114038940A CN 202111287944 A CN202111287944 A CN 202111287944A CN 114038940 A CN114038940 A CN 114038940A
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- photovoltaic
- photovoltaic module
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- YLLIGHVCTUPGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;ethanol;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].CCO YLLIGHVCTUPGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 80
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OVYTZAASVAZITK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethanol;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].CCO OVYTZAASVAZITK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005904 alkaline hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UWNTUBXKSPEIPY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium ethane-1,2-diol hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound C(CO)O.C([O-])(O)=O.[Na+] UWNTUBXKSPEIPY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps: dismantling an aluminum frame and a junction box of a photovoltaic module to obtain a photovoltaic lamination piece comprising glass, a cell sheet layer and a fluorine-containing back plate; adding the photovoltaic laminate into an alkaline alcohol solution for reaction, wherein a fluorine layer in the back plate floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution after the reaction is finished, a PET layer in the fluorine-containing back plate is dissolved in the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminate sink to the bottom of the solution, so that the back plate and other parts in the photovoltaic laminate are separated; wherein, the reaction conditions in the step two are as follows: the reaction temperature is 60-150 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-24 h. The separation method is safe and efficient, is simple to operate, does not need pressurization, the alcohol solution can be recycled repeatedly, and the back plate can be completely separated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling, particularly relates to a photovoltaic module separation and recycling method, and particularly relates to a method for separating a photovoltaic module backboard.
Background
The scrappage of the photovoltaic module is increased year by year, and the problem which is firstly encountered in the whole process of recycling each part of the module is how to process the back plate. The back plate is generally formed by bonding a single-layer or double-layer fluorine film and a PET layer, the fluorine film has a stable chemical structure, and the composition cannot be degraded by a common burying treatment method even within thousands of years; toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride are generated by acid dissolution, organic solvent dissolution or heat treatment, and the presence of the back sheet means that an additional waste gas treatment measure is required if the above method is applied to a recovery module, thereby increasing recovery cost and reducing economy. The separation of the fluorine-containing back sheet as a first step in the recovery of the photovoltaic laminate can provide more options for subsequent recovery of silicon cell sheets and glass parts, but how to separate the back sheet efficiently and greenly becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
Patent document CN109092842A describes a method for disassembling a scrapped photovoltaic module, which includes sequentially removing fluorine films by controlling different pressures and angles of fluid ejected from a spray gun, separating a back plate from a silicon wafer, and then separating the silicon wafer, a solder ribbon, and glass. However, since the PET layer has high toughness, it is very difficult to peel the back sheet using the fluid ejected from the spray gun.
Patent document CN110841786A describes a method for recycling waste photovoltaic modules, which describes that chemical treatment is used to directly degrade back sheets with alcohol (methanol/ethylene glycol) at 200 ℃ under 160-. However, the method needs to be carried out at high temperature and high pressure (the pressure is 2-4MPa) when alcohol (methanol \ ethylene glycol) is adopted for degradation, otherwise, the method cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
the invention provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises glass, a cell sheet layer, a fluorine-containing back plate and an aluminum frame junction box accessory device, and the method comprises the following steps:
dismantling an aluminum frame and a junction box of a photovoltaic module to obtain a photovoltaic lamination piece comprising glass, a cell sheet layer and a fluorine-containing back plate;
adding the photovoltaic laminate into an alkaline alcohol solution for reaction, floating a fluorine film in the fluorine-containing back plate on the upper layer of the reaction solution after the reaction is finished, dissolving a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) layer in the fluorine-containing back plate in the reaction solution, and sinking other parts of the photovoltaic laminate to the bottom of the solution, so that the back plate in the photovoltaic laminate is separated from other parts;
wherein, the reaction conditions in the step two are as follows: the reaction temperature is 60-150 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.15-24 h.
Preferably, in step two, the reaction conditions further include: accelerating the reaction rate by one or a combination of several methods in the crushing treatment of the photovoltaic laminated part before physical stirring, ultrasonic stirring and reaction;
preferably, the particle size of the photovoltaic laminate obtained after the crushing treatment is 2cm by 2cm or less.
Preferably, in the second step, after the photovoltaic laminating piece is added into the alkaline alcohol solution, the mass-to-volume ratio of the photovoltaic laminating piece to the alkaline alcohol solution is 50-850 g: 1L.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the photovoltaic laminate to the alkaline alcohol solution is 60-110 g: 1L.
Preferably, in the second step, the base in the alkaline alcoholic solution comprises at least one of NaOH, KOH, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
Preferably, in the second step, the alcohol in the alkaline alcohol solution includes at least one of ethanol and ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the alkaline alcohol solution is a potassium hydroxide ethanol solution.
Preferably, the concentration of the alkali in the alkaline alcoholic solution is more than or equal to 0.05 mol/L.
Preferably, the concentration of the alkali in the alkaline alcoholic solution is 0.2-0.8 mol/L.
Preferably, in the second step, the reaction heating temperature is 90-120 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-8 h.
Preferably, in the reaction, the alcohol solution is repeatedly used through a condensation reflux device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the fluorine membrane in the back plate separated and recovered by the method is not decomposed, so that harmful gases containing fluorine cannot be generated;
2) the invention adopts the alkaline alcohol solution, so that the reaction can be carried out under normal pressure, the required heating temperature is lower, the fluorine film floats in the solution after the reaction, the PET layer is dissolved in the solution, the operation is simple, and the separation and the further recovery are easy to realize.
3) The invention can achieve the purpose of efficiently dissolving the PET layer through the synergistic action of alkali and alcohol.
Detailed Description
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the specification and claims should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. All numerical values recited herein as between the lowest value and the highest value are intended to mean all values between the lowest value and the highest value in increments of one unit when there is more than two units difference between the lowest value and the highest value.
In the following detailed description of the present application, it is noted that in the interest of brevity and conciseness, not all features of an actual implementation may be described in detail in this specification. Modifications and substitutions may be made to the embodiments of the present application by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and the resulting embodiments are within the scope of the present application.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet comprising glass, a cell sheet layer, a fluorine-containing backsheet, and an aluminum frame junction box attachment, the method comprising:
dismantling an aluminum frame and a junction box of a photovoltaic module to obtain a photovoltaic lamination piece comprising glass, a cell sheet layer and a fluorine-containing back plate;
adding the photovoltaic laminate into an alkaline alcohol solution for reaction, floating a fluorine film in the fluorine-containing back plate on the upper layer of the reaction solution after the reaction is finished, dissolving a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) layer in the fluorine-containing back plate in the reaction solution, and sinking other parts of the photovoltaic laminate to the bottom of the solution, so that the back plate in the photovoltaic laminate is separated from other parts;
wherein, the reaction conditions in the step two are as follows: the reaction temperature is 60-150 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-24 h.
In one embodiment, in step two, the reaction conditions further comprise: accelerating the reaction rate by one or a combination of several methods in the crushing treatment of the photovoltaic laminated part before physical stirring, ultrasonic stirring and reaction;
wherein the particle size of the photovoltaic laminated piece obtained after the crushing treatment is less than or equal to 2cm by 2 cm.
The specific modes and parameter conditions of physical stirring and ultrasonic stirring adopted by the invention are not particularly limited, and the reaction rate can be accelerated.
The method and the equipment for crushing the photovoltaic laminating part are not particularly limited, and the photovoltaic laminating part is crushed to a certain particle size.
In a specific embodiment, in the second step, after the photovoltaic laminating piece is added into the alkaline alcohol solution, the mass-to-volume ratio of the photovoltaic laminating piece to the alkaline alcohol solution is 50-850 g: 1L.
In a specific embodiment, the mass-to-volume ratio of the photovoltaic laminate to the alkaline alcohol solution is 60-110 g: 1L.
In a specific embodiment, in the second step, the base in the alkaline alcoholic solution includes at least one of NaOH, KOH, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.
In a specific embodiment, in the second step, the alcohol in the alkaline alcohol solution includes at least one of ethanol and ethylene glycol.
In one embodiment, the alkaline alcohol solution is a potassium hydroxide ethanol solution, which can achieve the best dissolution effect.
In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the base in the alkaline alcohol solution is greater than or equal to 0.05 mol/L.
In one embodiment, the concentration of the base in the alkaline alcoholic solution is 0.2-0.8 mol/L. Within this range there is a good balance of alkali consumption and backing plate separation rate.
In a specific embodiment, in the second step, the reaction heating temperature is 90-120 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-8 h.
According to the method, the photovoltaic laminating part is treated by using the alkaline alcohol solution as a reaction solvent, the alkaline hydrolysis and alcoholysis of the PET layer in the back plate are mutually promoted, and the aim of efficiently dissolving the PET layer can be achieved without high temperature and high pressure through the synergistic effect of alkali and alcohol.
In one embodiment, the alcohol solution is recycled by a condensing reflux device in the reaction.
Examples
The following examples will be described in detail, which are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the present application, and the detailed implementation mode and the specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recovering all components of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: a photovoltaic module (263 x 143mm) was taken and mechanically removed from the aluminum frame and junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminate having a mass of 302.32 g.
Step two: adding the photovoltaic laminated part into 0.3mol/L potassium hydroxide ethanol solution for reaction, wherein the volume of the potassium hydroxide ethanol solution is 3L, the heating temperature is 150 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 8h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved and enters the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminated part are deposited at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 1.12g of the fluorine film and 294.29g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic module, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminated part is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.3mol/L potassium hydroxide ethanol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 120 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 1.5h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved and enters the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminated part are settled at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.21g of fluorine film and 58.41g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminating piece is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.3mol/L sodium hydroxide ethanol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 120 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 2.5h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved and enters the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminating piece sink at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.24g of fluorine film and 58.56g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminated part is broken into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.05mol/L sodium hydroxide ethanol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 120 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 6h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved into the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminated part are settled at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.20g of fluorine film and 58.57g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminating piece is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.2mol/L sodium hydroxide ethanol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 120 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 3h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved into the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminating piece sink at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.25g of fluorine film and 58.58g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminating piece is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.8mol/L sodium hydroxide ethanol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 120 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 2h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved into the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminating piece sink at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.25g of fluorine film and 58.57g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminating piece is crushed into 2cm by 2cm small blocks, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 1L of 0.5mol/L sodium bicarbonate ethylene glycol solution for reaction, the heating temperature is 150 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after 6h of reaction, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved into the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminating piece sink to the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.26g of fluorine film and 58.56g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminated part is broken into small blocks of 1cm x 1cm, 200g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.7mol/L sodium carbonate glycol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 150 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 5h, wherein a fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, a PET layer is dissolved and enters the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminated part are deposited at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.24g of fluorine film and 58.57g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic module, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminated part is broken into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.8mol/L potassium hydroxide ethanol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 120 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 1h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved into the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminated part are settled at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.25g of fluorine film and 58.51g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 10
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic module, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminated part is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.3mol/L potassium hydroxide ethanol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 100 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 4h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved into the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminated part are settled at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.21g of fluorine film and 58.60g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Example 11
The embodiment provides a method for separating a photovoltaic module back plate, which comprises the following steps of separating a photovoltaic module and recycling each component of the photovoltaic module:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic module, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminating piece is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.3mol/L of potassium hydroxide glycol solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 120 ℃, the back plate is completely separated after the reaction is carried out for 2h, wherein the fluorine film floats on the upper layer of the reaction solution, the PET layer is dissolved and enters the reaction solution, and other parts of the photovoltaic laminating piece sink at the bottom of the reaction solution.
Finally, 0.22g of fluorine film and 58.54g of bottom precipitate were recovered.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet, the photovoltaic module being separated according to the following steps, the components of which are recovered:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminated part is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 1L of ethanol solution for reaction, the heating temperature is 150 ℃, and after 24 hours of reaction, the back plate is not dissolved in the solution, so that the separation cannot be carried out.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet, the photovoltaic module being separated according to the following steps, the components of which are recovered:
the method comprises the following steps: taking a photovoltaic assembly, and mechanically removing an aluminum frame and a junction box to obtain a photovoltaic laminated part;
step two: the photovoltaic laminated piece is crushed into small blocks of 1.5cm x 1.5cm, 60g of the small blocks are weighed and added into 0.3mol/L of potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with the volume of 1L for reaction, the heating temperature is 150 ℃, and after the reaction is carried out for 24 hours, the back plate is not dissolved in the solution, so that the separation cannot be carried out.
The invention has many applications, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet, the photovoltaic module comprising glass, a cell sheet layer, a fluorine-containing backsheet, and an aluminum frame junction box attachment, the method comprising:
dismantling an aluminum frame and a junction box of a photovoltaic module to obtain a photovoltaic lamination piece comprising glass, a cell sheet layer and a fluorine-containing back plate;
adding the photovoltaic laminate into an alkaline alcohol solution for reaction, floating a fluorine film in the fluorine-containing back plate on the upper layer of the reaction solution after the reaction is finished, dissolving a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) layer in the fluorine-containing back plate in the reaction solution, and sinking other parts of the photovoltaic laminate to the bottom of the solution, so that the back plate in the photovoltaic laminate is separated from other parts;
wherein, the reaction conditions in the step two are as follows: the reaction temperature is 60-150 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.15-24 h.
2. The method for separating a photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 1, wherein in step two, the reaction conditions further comprise: the reaction rate is accelerated by one or a combination of physical agitation, ultrasonic agitation and a disruption treatment of the photovoltaic laminate prior to reaction.
3. The method for separating the photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, after the photovoltaic laminate is added to the alkaline alcohol solution, the mass-to-volume ratio of the photovoltaic laminate to the alkaline alcohol solution is 50-850 g: 1L.
4. The method of separating photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 1, wherein in step two, the base in the alkaline alcohol solution comprises at least one of NaOH, KOH, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.
5. The method for separating a photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 1 or 4, wherein in the second step, the alcohol in the alkaline alcohol solution comprises at least one of ethanol and ethylene glycol.
6. The method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 5, wherein the alkaline alcohol solution is a potassium hydroxide ethanol solution.
7. The method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the concentration of the base in the basic alcohol solution is 0.05mol/L or more.
8. The method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 6, wherein the concentration of the base in the basic alcohol solution is 0.2 to 0.8 mol/L.
9. The method for separating a photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the reaction conditions in the second step are: the reaction temperature is 90-120 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-8 h.
10. The method of separating a photovoltaic module backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol solution is recycled by a condensation reflux unit during the reaction.
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| CN202111287944.8A CN114038940A (en) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Method for separating photovoltaic module back plate |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115338225A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-15 | 常州工学院 | Waste photovoltaic module fluorine-containing back plate harmless treatment device |
| EP4374978A1 (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2024-05-29 | Dowa Eco-System Co., Ltd. | Method for recovering fluorine from backsheet used in solar panel and method for producing calcium fluoride |
-
2021
- 2021-11-02 CN CN202111287944.8A patent/CN114038940A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115338225A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-15 | 常州工学院 | Waste photovoltaic module fluorine-containing back plate harmless treatment device |
| CN115338225B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2024-04-26 | 常州工学院 | Harmless treatment device for fluorine-containing backboard of waste photovoltaic module |
| EP4374978A1 (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2024-05-29 | Dowa Eco-System Co., Ltd. | Method for recovering fluorine from backsheet used in solar panel and method for producing calcium fluoride |
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