CN114033413A - Ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle and heading machine - Google Patents
Ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle and heading machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114033413A CN114033413A CN202111318219.2A CN202111318219A CN114033413A CN 114033413 A CN114033413 A CN 114033413A CN 202111318219 A CN202111318219 A CN 202111318219A CN 114033413 A CN114033413 A CN 114033413A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005270 abrasive blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
- E21D9/1066—Making by using boring or cutting machines with fluid jets
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- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle and a heading machine, wherein the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle comprises an outer shell (1) and an ultrasonic vibrator (6), a main channel (11) and a side channel (12) are arranged in the outer shell (1), the main channel (11) penetrates through the outer shell (1), one end of the main channel (11) is a first medium inlet, the other end of the main channel (11) is a mixed outlet, the outside of the outer shell (1) is communicated with the main channel (11) through the side channel (12), the ultrasonic vibrator (6) can emit ultrasonic waves into the main channel (11), and the emitting direction of the ultrasonic vibrator (6) faces to the other end of the main channel (11). The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle solves the problems of low efficiency, low impact speed and the like when only the high-pressure water jet nozzle is carried for rock breaking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment, in particular to an ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle and a heading machine comprising the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle.
Background
At present, the full-face tunneling machine which is mostly mined in China is suitable for medium-hard rock to hard rock, under the action of the propelling pressure of a propelling oil cylinder, a motor or a hydraulic motor drives a cutter head to rotate, crushed rock is cut and pressed, and the crushed rock is discharged onto a conveying belt through a bucket. In the process of tunneling and rock breaking, friction force is generated by interaction between the hob and the rock, continuous tunneling construction is carried out for a long time, ventilation on a construction site is poor, heat accumulated by friction between the hob and the rock cannot be effectively dissipated, so that the temperature of the hob is too high, the abrasion speed of the hob is accelerated, the service life is shortened, the replacement frequency of the hob is increased, the proportion of the cost of the hob to the total cost is increased, the process of replacing the hob by workers is complex, the consumed time is long, and adverse effects such as delay of a construction period and the like are easily caused.
Although the research theory exists that water is pressurized and then is sprayed out through a spraying device with a fine pore diameter to form a high-speed water flow beam, rock cracks are tensioned and cracked through the erosion and cracking action of the high-pressure water flow to form new rock fragments so as to assist in rock breaking, the research on the rock breaking mechanism of the high-pressure water flow is relatively deficient, the complex and changeful rock breaking process restricts the further development of the high-pressure water flow rock breaking technology, and the high-pressure water flow rock breaking technology cannot achieve ideal effects in the practical application process due to various limiting factors.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the tunneling efficiency, the invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle and a tunneling machine.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides an ultrasonic wave is supplementary mixes abrasive material shower nozzle of high pressure water jet, includes shell body and ultrasonic vibrator, contains main entrance and side passageway in the shell body, and the main entrance runs through the shell body, and the one end of main entrance is first medium entry, and the other end of main entrance is for mixing the export, and side passageway and main entrance intercommunication are passed through to the outside of shell body, and the ultrasonic vibrator can be to the interior transmission ultrasonic wave of main entrance, the transmitting direction orientation of ultrasonic vibrator the other end of main entrance.
A heading machine comprises a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is provided with the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle, one end of a main channel is connected with an abrasive supply tank through an abrasive conveying pipeline, and a side channel is connected with a high-pressure water generator through a high-pressure water pipeline.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. set up the ultrasonic vibrator at shower nozzle side or inside, ultrasonic array amplitude transformer and water wave reinforcing cover are arranged in the high-pressure chamber, and the ultrasonic wave that the ultrasonic vibrator produced makes high-speed abrasive material efflux possess pulse impact energy through amplitude transformer and water wave reinforcing cover, further strengthens the broken rock effect on original efflux broken rock basis.
2. When the ultrasonic vibrator is located the side of the nozzle body, the ultrasonic vibrator is connected with the nozzle body through the flange, the positioning and the installation are simple, the maintenance is convenient, the piezoelectric ceramic is outside the nozzle body, the piezoelectric ceramic state can be visually checked, the wire connection is convenient, and the additional sealing problem is not required to be considered.
3. When the ultrasonic vibrator is positioned in the nozzle body, the built-in ultrasonic vibrator can be pre-installed on an annular structure at the bottom of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head, and can complete the positioning and installation of the ultrasonic vibrator along with the assembly of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head and the nozzle body, so that an additional installation channel is not required to be added in the nozzle body, the production and installation difficulty is reduced, and the maintenance is facilitated.
4. The key parts such as the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle, the mixed jet flow wear-resistant conduit and the like are facilitated to adopt high-wear-resistant materials such as tungsten carbide, artificial diamond, silicon carbide and the like with poor manufacturability, and the service life is long.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an ultrasonically assisted high pressure water jet hybrid abrasive jet head according to the present invention in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic transducer in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the outer case in embodiment 1.
Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the abrasive input to the wear nozzle head in example 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of the abrasive input to the wear tip in example 1.
Fig. 6 is a top view of an abrasive tip positioning centering baffle ring in example 1.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along a-a in fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the mixing jet attrition resistant conduit in example 1.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the operation of the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive blasting head of the present invention in example 1.
Figure 11 is a schematic representation of an ultrasonically assisted high pressure water jet hybrid abrasive jet head according to the present invention in example 2.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the ultrasonic transducers and the communicating gaps in example 2.
Figure 13 is a schematic of the abrasive input wear tip head and abrasive input wear tip in example 3.
Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of an outlet portion of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle in example 3.
1. An outer housing; 2. inputting the grinding material into a pressure head of the wear-resistant nozzle; 3. feeding the grinding material into a wear-resistant nozzle; 4. the abrasive nozzle is positioned and righted by the baffle ring; 5. a seal ring; 6. an ultrasonic vibrator; 7. a mixed jet wear conduit; 8. the guide pipe compresses the spiral retainer ring; 9. a high-pressure water input joint;
11. a main channel; 12. a side channel; 13. installing a channel; 14. an annular cavity;
21. a pressure head outer connecting section; 22. the outer large-diameter section of the pressure head; 23. a pressure head inner connecting section; 24. a pressure head inner minor diameter section;
31. the outer large-diameter section of the wear-resistant nozzle; 32. the outer conical transition section of the wear-resistant nozzle; 33. the outer small diameter section of the wear-resistant nozzle;
41. an inner ring body; 42. an outer baffle plate; 43. communicating the voids;
61. a piezoelectric ceramic transducer; 62. installing a flange; 63. an amplitude transformer; 64. a water wave reinforcing cover;
71. a conical surface section;
111. a first inner major diameter section; 112. a second inner major diameter section; 113. an inner connecting section; 114. a first inner diameter section; 115. a second inner diameter section; 116. an inner tapered transition section.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
The utility model provides an auxiliary high pressure water jet of ultrasonic wave mixes abrasive material shower nozzle, includes shell body 1 and ultrasonic vibrator 6, contains main entrance 11 and side passageway 12 in the shell body 1, and main entrance 11 runs through shell body 1, and the one end of main entrance 11 is first medium entry, and the other end of main entrance 11 is for mixing the export, and side passageway 12 and main entrance 11 intercommunication are passed through to the outside of shell body 1, and ultrasonic vibrator 6 can be to the interior transmission ultrasonic wave of main entrance 11, the transmitting direction orientation of ultrasonic vibrator 6 the other end of main entrance 11, as shown in figure 1.
In this embodiment, the main channel 11 is in an upright state, the side channel 12 is in a horizontal state, the main channel 11 penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the outer shell 1, the upper end of the main channel 11 is a first medium inlet of the outer shell 1, the lower end of the main channel 11 is a mixing outlet of the outer shell 1, the outer end of the side channel 12 is a second medium inlet of the outer shell 1, and the inner end of the side channel 12 is communicated with the main channel 11.
In this embodiment, the outer casing 1 further includes an installation channel 13, the installation channel 13 is in an inclined state, the installation channel 13 is used for installing the ultrasonic vibrator 6, an inner end of the installation channel 13 is communicated with the main channel 11, an outer end of the installation channel 13 forms an installation platform, the ultrasonic vibrator 6 includes a piezoelectric ceramic transducer 61, a horn 63 and a water wave reinforcing cover 64 which are connected in sequence, an axis of the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is arranged in an inclined manner with respect to an axis of the main channel 11, the horn 63 is located in the installation channel 13, and the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 61 is located outside the outer casing 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
In this embodiment, a part of the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is inserted into the mounting channel 13, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 61 is fixed to the outer housing 1 by a mounting flange 62 in a sealing manner, the water wave reinforcement cover 64 is located at the joint of the main channel 11 and the mounting channel 13, the cross section of the water wave reinforcement cover 64 is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped opening faces the mixing outlet, and the transmitting direction of the ultrasonic vibrator 6 intersects with the axis of the main channel 11. The power of the ultrasonic vibrator 6 can be obtained by a limited number of experiments.
In the present embodiment, along the direction from the upper end of the main channel 11 to the lower end of the main channel 11, the inner surface of the main channel 11 includes a first inner large diameter section 111, a second inner large diameter section 112, an inner connecting section 113, a first inner small diameter section 114 and a second inner small diameter section 115, which are sequentially arranged, the inner diameter of the first inner large diameter section 111 is larger than that of the second inner large diameter section 112, the inner diameter of the inner connecting section 113 is smaller than that of the first inner small diameter section 114, the inner diameter of the first inner small diameter section 114 is smaller than that of the second inner small diameter section 115, and both the first inner large diameter section 111 and the second inner small diameter section 115 are inner thread sections, as shown in fig. 3. The first inner major diameter section 111 is used to mount the fixed abrasive input wear tip head 2 and the second inner minor diameter section 115 is used to mount the fixed conduit hold down circlip 8.
In this embodiment, an abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 and an abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2 which are connected inside and outside (also referred to as a lower-upper connection) are sleeved in the main channel 11, an annular cavity 14 is formed between the outer surface of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 and the inner surface of the main channel 11, the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2 is fixedly connected with the outer shell 1 in a sealing manner, and abrasive inlet channels (used abrasive may be dry abrasive or an abrasive mixed liquid) which are communicated with each other are respectively arranged in the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 and the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2, as shown in fig. 4 and 5. The lower end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 is lower than the water wave reinforcement cover 64, i.e. the outlet end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 is located between the other end of the main channel 11 and the water wave reinforcement cover 64.
In this embodiment, the surface of the wear-resisting mouth pressure head 2 of abrasive material input contains the outer linkage segment 21 of pressure head that sets gradually from the top down, the outer big footpath section 22 of pressure head, the interior linkage segment 23 of pressure head and the interior path section 24 of pressure head, the outer big footpath section 22 of pressure head is located outside shell body 1, the outer big footpath section 22 of pressure head and shell body 1 sealing connection, linkage segment 23 is located shell body 1 in the pressure head, linkage segment 23 and the first interior big footpath section 111 threaded connection in the pressure head, the sealed grafting of big footpath section 112 in the big footpath section 24 and the second in the pressure head. Wherein, sealing connection is realized through setting up seal groove and sealing washer 5.
In this embodiment, the upper end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 is inserted into the lower end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2, the axis of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, the axis of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2 and the axis of the outer shell 1 coincide, and along the direction from the upper end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 to the lower end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, the outer surface of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 comprises a wear-resistant nozzle outer large-diameter section 31, a wear-resistant nozzle outer conical transition section 32 and a wear-resistant nozzle outer small-diameter section 33 which are sequentially arranged, as shown in fig. 5.
In this embodiment, the outer minor diameter section 33 of wear-resisting mouth is located the interior linkage segment 113, form annular channel between outer minor diameter section 33 of wear-resisting mouth and the interior linkage segment 113, in order to guarantee that the abrasive input is stable in the position of wear-resisting mouth 3 in shell 1, and the axis of abrasive input is coincident with shell 1 axis of wear-resisting mouth 3, the cover is equipped with abrasive mouth location between the surface of abrasive input is wear-resisting mouth 3 and the internal surface of main entrance 11 and is right fender ring 4, abrasive mouth location is right fender ring 4 and is contained intercommunication space 43, namely abrasive input is wear-resisting mouth 3 and is right fender ring 4 and be connected with shell 1 through the abrasive mouth location.
In this embodiment, an inner tapered transition section 116 is disposed between the second inner large diameter section 112 and the inner connecting section 113, the abrasive tip positioning and centering baffle ring 4 includes an inner ring body 41 and an outer baffle 42 which are connected inside and outside, a plurality of outer baffles 42 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring body 41, the communication gap 43 is located between two adjacent outer baffles 42, the inner ring body 41 is in matched abutment with the wear-resistant tip outer tapered transition section 32, and the outer baffles 42 are in matched abutment with the inner tapered transition section 116, as shown in fig. 1, 6, 7 and 8.
Therefore, the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 transmits the pretightening force on the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle to the outer shell 1, and the form and position relationship between the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 and the outer shell 1 is not influenced by high-pressure water and vibration. Preferably, the taper of the outer tapered transition section 32 of the wear tip is less than the taper of the inner tapered transition section 116 to ensure the fit between the abrasive input wear tip 3, the outer shell 1 and the abrasive tip locating and centering baffle ring 4.
In this embodiment, the side channel 12 is connected with the high pressure water input connector 9, the high pressure water input connector 9 is in threaded connection with the side channel 12, the first inner small diameter section 114 is internally matched and sleeved with the mixed jet flow wear-resistant conduit 7, the second inner small diameter section 115 is internally sleeved with the conduit compression circlip 8, the conduit compression circlip 8 is in threaded connection with the second inner small diameter section 115, the conduit compression circlip 8 can lock the mixed jet flow wear-resistant conduit 7, and the inner diameter of the conduit compression circlip 8 can be the same as the inner diameter of the mixed jet flow wear-resistant conduit 7, as shown in fig. 9.
The inner surface of the mixed jet flow wear-resistant conduit 7 is provided with a conical surface section 71 and an equal-diameter section 72 which are sequentially connected, the bottom end of the conical surface section 71 faces the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, the inner diameter of the bottom end of the conical surface section 71 is larger than the outer diameter of the outlet end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, and the inner diameter of the top end of the conical surface section 71 is smaller than the outer diameter of the outlet end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3. The inner surface of the conduit compression circlip 8 and the inner surface of the mixing jet wear conduit 7 may be provided with helical flow channels to facilitate fluid mixing.
In this embodiment, the upper end (inlet end) of the pressure head 2 of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle is a first medium inlet (abrasive inlet or injected medium inlet) of the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle, the outer end (inlet end) of the high-pressure water input joint 9 is a second medium inlet (high-pressure water inlet or injected medium inlet) of the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle, and the lower end (outlet end) of the conduit pressing circlip 8 is a mixed outlet of the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle. The side passage 12 and the installation passage 13 are connected to the second inner large diameter section 112.
The heading machine comprises a cutter head, wherein the cutter head is provided with the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle, one end of a main channel 11 is connected with an abrasive supply tank through an abrasive conveying pipeline, and a side channel 12 is connected with a high-pressure water generator through a high-pressure water pipeline. As shown in fig. 1, the upper end of the main passage 11 is a first medium inlet (also referred to as an injected medium inlet) of the outer shell 1, the lower end of the main passage 11 is a mixing outlet of the outer shell 1, and the outer end of the side passage 12 is a second medium inlet (also referred to as an injected medium inlet) of the outer shell 1.
The operation of the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet hybrid abrasive blasting head is described below.
The upper end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2 is connected with an abrasive supply tank through an abrasive conveying pipeline, the outer end of the high-pressure water input joint 9 is connected with a high-pressure water generator through a high-pressure water pipeline, the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is fixed on the side surface of the outer shell 1 through a mounting flange 62, the piezoelectric ceramic transducer 61 is outside the outer shell 1 and is not in contact with a high-pressure environment, and the amplitude transformer 63 and the water wave reinforcing cover 64 are located in a high-pressure cavity.
High-pressure water enters the annular cavity 14 of the outer shell 1 through the high-pressure water input joint 9; the ultrasonic vibrator 6 generates controllable ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic vibration energy is converted into high-pressure water through the amplitude transformer 63 and the water wave reinforcing cover 64, meanwhile, the high-pressure water is input into an annular gap between the wear-resistant nozzle 3 and the outer shell 1 through abrasive materials, high-pressure P0 (pressure in a high-pressure water generator) is converted into annular high-speed pulse jet water which surrounds the abrasive materials and is input into the wear-resistant nozzle 3, and meanwhile, the abrasive materials are input into an outlet of the wear-resistant nozzle 3 due to the Venturi effect to generate low pressure or negative pressure P3; p3 is less than P0, P1 (pressure in the abrasive feed tank) and the said ultrasonically assisted high pressure water jet hybrid abrasive jet head is immersed in ambient pressure (e.g., atmospheric pressure in the atmosphere, slurry pressure in the slurry).
Under the combined pushing of the pressure P3+ P1 and the like, the abrasive in the abrasive supply tank is carried by air or liquid and is input into the wear-resistant nozzle 3 from the abrasive to be sprayed out, the abrasive is sent into the middle of annular high-speed pulse jet water, the pulse high-speed jet water is wrapped by the abrasive and is emitted in the same direction to enter the mixed jet wear-resistant conduit 7, the pulse high-speed jet water and the abrasive are further mixed and accelerated in the mixed jet wear-resistant conduit 7 to form pulse abrasive jet to be sprayed onto a workpiece or a rock surface to cut and break rock, and the like as shown in figure 10.
The advantages of this embodiment are:
1. abrasive is added from the top interface of the outer shell 1, the ejecting direction of the abrasive and jet flow are ejected out in the same direction, the abrasive is added in the center of the high-speed jet flow and is wrapped by the high-speed jet flow water for acceleration. Compared with the side adding, the high-speed jet mixing device has stronger acceleration capability and more uniform high-speed jet mixing.
2. Set up mounting platform in sprinkler body side, ultrasonic vibrator 6's amplitude transformer and water wave reinforcing cover are arranged in the high-pressure chamber, and ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic vibrator 6 produced makes high-speed abrasive jet possess pulse impact energy through amplitude transformer and water wave reinforcing cover, further strengthens the broken rock effect on original efflux broken rock basis.
3. The ultrasonic vibrator is connected with the spray head body through the flange, the positioning and the installation are simple, the maintenance is convenient, the piezoelectric ceramic is outside the spray head body, the piezoelectric ceramic state can be visually checked, the wire connection is convenient, and the problem of extra sealing is not required to be considered.
4. The key parts of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, the mixed jet flow wear-resistant conduit 7 and the like are made of high wear-resistant materials with poor manufacturability, such as tungsten carbide, artificial diamond, silicon carbide and the like, so that the service life can be prolonged.
The defects of the embodiment are as follows:
1. high-pressure water is connected into the nozzle body from the side edge, and the direction is 90 degrees; the abrasive nozzle positioning and centering baffle ring 4 and the built-in ultrasonic vibrator cause more turning of the flow channel and increase of local pressure loss. But because the section is a high-pressure low-speed liquid flow, the pressure loss is not greatly increased.
2. The generated ultrasonic mixed jet flow can impact the spray head, so that the whole durability of the spray head is not favorable, and the requirement on the abrasion resistance and the impact resistance of the material is increased.
For convenience of understanding and description, the absolute positional relationship is used in the present invention for expression, and in this case, the orientation word "up" indicates the upper direction in fig. 1 and the orientation word "down" indicates the lower direction in fig. 1, unless otherwise specified. The present invention has been described in terms of the viewer's perspective, but the above directional terms should not be construed or interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 2
This embodiment is a modification of embodiment 1, and is mainly different from embodiment 1 in that,
the ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle comprises a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators 6, the ultrasonic vibrators 6 are all located in an annular cavity 14, the ultrasonic vibrators 6 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity 14, the ultrasonic vibrators 6 are fixedly connected with an abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2, each ultrasonic vibrator 6 comprises a piezoelectric ceramic transducer 61, an amplitude transformer 63 and a water wave reinforcing cover 64 which are sequentially connected, the cross section of each water wave reinforcing cover 64 is arc-shaped, and the opening of each arc is towards the mixing outlet; the ultrasonic vibrators 6 are in one-to-one correspondence with the communication gaps 43 in the axial direction of the outer case 1, and the side passage 12 is located between the adjacent two ultrasonic vibrators 6, as shown in fig. 11 and 12.
Specifically, four ultrasonic vibrators 6 are uniformly distributed on the annular bottom surface of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2, and the electric wire 65 is led out from a wire hole preset in the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2. The diameter of the first inner large diameter section 111 is the same as that of the second inner large diameter section 112, and the diameter of the ram inner connecting section 23 is the same as that of the ram inner small diameter section 24. The upper end face equipartition screw hole of shell body 1 can be used to the wear-resisting mouth pressure head 2 of installation abrasive input, and the mounting means adopts high strength bolt to compress tightly.
The ultrasonic vibrator 6 is fixed on the vibrator mounting plate 66, the vibrator mounting plate 66 is mounted on the lower end face of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2, and the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is fixed on the vibrator mounting plate 66 and preferably connected by bolts. The vibrator mounting plate 66 is preferably bolted to the lower end face of the abrasive input wear nozzle head 2. Along the axis direction of shell body 1, ultrasonic vibrator 6 and intercommunication space 43 one-to-one make the vertical pulse wave accessible intercommunication space 43 that ultrasonic vibrator 6 sent, avoid the pulse can be by interference loss, and side channel 12 is located between two adjacent ultrasonic vibrator 6, can avoid high pressure water directly to strike ultrasonic vibrator 6 simultaneously.
The advantages of this embodiment are:
1. the abrasive is added from the top interface of the spray head body, the abrasive and the jet flow are ejected out in the same direction, the abrasive is added in the center of the high-speed jet flow and is wrapped by the high-speed jet flow water for acceleration. Compared with the addition of the side surface, the high-speed jet mixing device has stronger acceleration capability and more uniform high-speed jet mixing.
2. 4 ultrasonic vibrators are uniformly arranged in a high-pressure cavity of the spray head body, ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic vibrators arranged in the spray head body can enable the high-speed abrasive jet to have pulse impact energy, and the rock breaking effect is further enhanced on the basis of original jet rock breaking.
3. The built-in ultrasonic vibrator can be pre-installed on an annular structure at the bottom of the pressure head of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle, and can complete the positioning and installation of the ultrasonic vibrator along with the assembly of the pressure head of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle and the spray head body, so that an additional installation channel is not required to be added in the spray head body, the production and installation difficulty is reduced, and the maintenance is convenient;
4. the piezoelectric ceramic transducer is immersed in high-pressure water, so that the transducer can dissipate heat conveniently.
5. The key parts such as the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle, the mixed jet flow wear-resistant conduit and the like are facilitated to adopt high wear-resistant materials such as tungsten carbide, artificial diamond, silicon carbide and the like with poor manufacturability.
The disadvantages of this embodiment are:
1. high-pressure water is connected into the nozzle body from the side edge, and the direction is 90 degrees; the flow channel is more in turning and the local pressure loss is increased due to the abrasive nozzle positioning baffle ring and the built-in ultrasonic vibrator. But because the section is a high-pressure low-speed liquid flow, the pressure loss is not greatly increased.
2. The generated ultrasonic mixed jet flow can impact the spray head, so that the whole durability of the spray head is not favorable, and the requirement on the abrasion resistance and the impact resistance of the material is increased.
The remaining features of this embodiment may be the same as those of embodiment 1, and this embodiment will not be described in detail for the sake of brevity.
Example 3
This embodiment is a modification of embodiment 1, and is mainly different from embodiment 1 in that,
the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head 2 and the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3 are of an integrated structure, and can be integrated into the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3. The material of the pressure head 2 of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle is the same as that of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, the inner diameter of the pressure head 2 of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle is the same as that of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, and the positioning and righting baffle ring 4 of the abrasive nozzle can be omitted. A plurality of jet grooves 34 are arranged outside the outlet end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, and the plurality of jet grooves 34 are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle 3, as shown in fig. 13 and 14.
The remaining features of this embodiment may be the same as those of embodiment 1, and this embodiment will not be described in detail for the sake of brevity.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features and the technical schemes, and the technical schemes can be freely combined and used.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an auxiliary high pressure water jet of ultrasonic wave mixes abrasive sprinkler head, a serial communication port, auxiliary high pressure water jet of ultrasonic wave mixes abrasive sprinkler head includes shell body (1) and ultrasonic vibrator (6), contain main entrance (11) and side passageway (12) in shell body (1), main entrance (11) run through shell body (1), the one end of main entrance (11) is first medium entry, the other end of main entrance (11) is for mixing the export, side passageway (12) and main entrance (11) intercommunication are passed through to the outside of shell body (1), ultrasonic vibrator (6) can be to main entrance (11) internal transmission ultrasonic wave, the transmitting direction orientation of ultrasonic vibrator (6) the other end of main entrance (11).
2. The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer shell (1) further comprises a mounting channel (13), the mounting channel (13) is communicated with the main channel (11), the ultrasonic vibrator (6) comprises a piezoelectric ceramic transducer (61), an amplitude transformer (63) and a water wave reinforcing cover (64) which are connected in sequence, the axis of the ultrasonic vibrator (6) is arranged obliquely relative to the axis of the main channel (11), the amplitude transformer (63) is positioned in the mounting channel (13), the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (61) is positioned outside the outer shell (1), the cross section of the water wave reinforcing cover (64) is arc-shaped, and the opening of the arc is towards the mixing outlet.
3. An ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive blasting head according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the main passage (11) comprises a first inner large diameter section (111), a second inner large diameter section (112), an inner connecting section (113), a first inner small diameter section (114) and a second inner small diameter section (115) arranged in this order in a direction from one end of the main passage (11) to the other end of the main passage (11), the inner diameter of the first inner large diameter section (111) is larger than that of the second inner large diameter section (112), the inner diameter of the inner connecting section (113) is smaller than that of the first inner small diameter section (114), and the inner diameter of the first inner small diameter section (114) is smaller than that of the second inner small diameter section (115).
4. The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that an abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3) and an abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head (2) which are connected inside and outside are sleeved in the main channel (11), an annular cavity (14) is formed between the outer surface of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3) and the inner surface of the main channel (11), the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head (2) is fixedly connected with the outer shell (1) in a sealing manner, and abrasive input wear-resistant nozzles (3) and the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head (2) are internally provided with abrasive inlet channels which are communicated with each other.
5. The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outer surface of the pressure head (2) of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle comprises an outer pressure head connecting section (21), an outer pressure head large-diameter section (22), an inner pressure head connecting section (23) and an inner pressure head small-diameter section (24) which are sequentially arranged, the outer pressure head large-diameter section (22) is hermetically connected with the outer shell (1), the inner pressure head connecting section (23) is in threaded connection with the first inner large-diameter section (111), and the inner pressure head small-diameter section (24) is hermetically inserted into the second inner large-diameter section (112).
6. The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that one end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3) is inserted into the pressure head (2) of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle, and the outer surface of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3) comprises an outer large-diameter section (31) of the wear-resistant nozzle, an outer conical transition section (32) of the wear-resistant nozzle and an outer small-diameter section (33) of the wear-resistant nozzle which are sequentially arranged along the direction from the one end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3) to the other end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3); the outer small diameter section (33) of the wear-resistant nozzle is located in the inner connecting section (113), an annular channel is formed between the outer small diameter section (33) of the wear-resistant nozzle and the inner connecting section (113), an abrasive nozzle positioning and centering baffle ring (4) is sleeved between the outer surface of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3) and the inner surface of the main channel (11), and the abrasive nozzle positioning and centering baffle ring (4) contains a communicating gap (43).
7. The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that an inner conical transition section (116) is arranged between the second inner large-diameter section (112) and the inner connecting section (113), the abrasive nozzle positioning and centering baffle ring (4) comprises an inner ring body (41) and an outer baffle plate (42) which are connected inside and outside, the outer baffle plates (42) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring body (41), the communication gap (43) is located between two adjacent outer baffle plates (42), the inner ring body (41) is in matched abutting connection with the outer conical transition section (32) of the wear-resistant nozzle, the outer baffle plate (42) is in matched abutting connection with the inner conical transition section (116), and the taper of the outer conical transition section (32) of the wear-resistant nozzle is smaller than that of the inner conical transition section (116).
8. The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of ultrasonic vibrators (6) are arranged in the annular cavity (14), the plurality of ultrasonic vibrators (6) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular cavity (14), the ultrasonic vibrators (6) are fixedly connected with the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle pressure head (2), each ultrasonic vibrator (6) comprises a piezoelectric ceramic transducer (61), an amplitude transformer (63) and a water wave reinforcing cover (64) which are sequentially connected, the section of each water wave reinforcing cover (64) is arc-shaped, and the opening of each arc is towards the mixing outlet; along the axial direction of the outer shell (1), the ultrasonic vibrators (6) correspond to the communication gaps (43) one by one, and the side channel (12) is located between every two adjacent ultrasonic vibrators (6).
9. The ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that the side channel (12) is connected with a high-pressure water input connector (9), the first inner small-diameter section (114) is internally sleeved with a mixed jet wear-resistant guide pipe (7), the second inner small-diameter section (115) is internally sleeved with a guide pipe pressing screw retaining ring (8), the inner surface of the inlet of the mixed jet wear-resistant guide pipe (7) is provided with a conical section (71), the bottom end of the conical section (71) faces the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3), the inner diameter of the bottom end of the conical section (71) is larger than the outer diameter of the outlet end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3), and the inner diameter of the top end of the conical section (71) is smaller than the outer diameter of the outlet end of the abrasive input wear-resistant nozzle (3).
10. A heading machine, characterized in that it comprises a cutterhead, which contains an ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive blasting head according to claim 1, one end of the main channel (11) being connected to an abrasive supply tank via an abrasive delivery line, and the side channel (12) being connected to a high-pressure water generator via a high-pressure water line.
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| CN202111318219.2A CN114033413A (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle and heading machine |
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| CN202111318219.2A CN114033413A (en) | 2021-11-09 | 2021-11-09 | Ultrasonic-assisted high-pressure water jet mixed abrasive nozzle and heading machine |
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| CN114033413A true CN114033413A (en) | 2022-02-11 |
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| CN112196543A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Heading machine and auxiliary rock breaking device for abrasive jet flow of heading machine |
| CN216076977U (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-18 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Water jet nozzle based on amplitude transformer structure |
| CN216077122U (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-18 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Ultrasonic post-mixing spray head |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0110529A2 (en) * | 1982-10-22 | 1984-06-13 | Flow Industries Inc. | High velocity fluid abrasive jet |
| US8389066B2 (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2013-03-05 | Vln Advanced Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for prepping a surface using a coating particle entrained in a pulsed waterjet or airjet |
| CN202893594U (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-04-24 | 古家朴 | Liquid whistle type supersonic jet device |
| CN103753405A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-04-30 | 山东大学 | Ultrasonic reinforced abrasive water jet machining device |
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