CN114030368A - Electric automobile quick charging system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile quick charging system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114030368A CN114030368A CN202111542383.1A CN202111542383A CN114030368A CN 114030368 A CN114030368 A CN 114030368A CN 202111542383 A CN202111542383 A CN 202111542383A CN 114030368 A CN114030368 A CN 114030368A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/11—DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
- B60R16/0238—Electrical distribution centers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle quick charging system and a control method thereof, wherein the electric vehicle quick charging system comprises an alternating current charging interface, a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger, a power battery pack, a sixth switch K6, a whole vehicle distribution box and a direct current charging interface which is connected with the power battery pack through a fourth switch K4, whether the direct current charging interface supports quick charging or not is judged in a direct current charging mode, and when the direct current charging interface supports quick charging, batteries in the power battery pack are controlled to be connected in series for quick charging; when the quick charging is not supported, the batteries in the power battery pack are controlled to be connected in parallel for slow charging; the high-power output of the electric energy is increased by increasing the charging voltage, so that the charging time is shortened; on the premise of the same power, the improvement of the voltage grade can also reduce the current transmitted on the high-voltage wire harness, reduce the wire diameter and the weight of the high-voltage wire harness, and solve the bottleneck that a SIC device is necessary for a high-voltage system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric vehicle charging system, in particular to an electric vehicle quick charging system and a control method thereof.
Background
In the present day of new energy automobile rapid development, the rapid energy supply problem of electric automobile is the most concerned about the car purchase of consumers. Most of the vehicle types in the current market adopt two schemes of OBC and direct current quick charging, and the OBC is suitable for a parking household slow charging pile; the direct current fills soon and is restricted by battery system voltage specification and the rifle line footpath that charges, and the charging time is longer relatively, and user experience nature is relatively poor. Data investigation of the white paper on the development of the electric vehicle charging pile industry shows that charging difficulty (56 percent) and going difficulty (51 percent) are two main factors restricting the development of new energy vehicles, so that the trend of shortening the charging time of electric vehicles is the future market trend, and the market trend is to seek a high-voltage platform technology and a super charging pile matched with the high-voltage platform technology.
The existing electric automobile quick charging system generally includes: the power battery pack comprises a 800V power battery pack, a vehicle-mounted charger, a voltage converter, a load and a whole vehicle distribution box PDU. The voltage-resistant grade of the silicon-based IGBT used at present is 600-750V, and a few high-voltage IGBT products can be used on an 800V platform, so that the defects of high loss, low efficiency, high cost and the like exist. Therefore, the electric vehicle rapid charging system must use the SiC device with higher voltage-withstanding grade to replace the IGBT, but the SiC device is expensive, and the current resource is in short supply, which is not suitable for large-scale mass production. And the use of a voltage converter also increases the cost. This solution is abandoned and too costly.
Therefore, how to design a fast charging system capable of realizing the fast charging function of the electric vehicle and reducing the cost and a control method thereof are technical problems to be solved urgently in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a quick charging system for an electric vehicle and a control method thereof.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the quick charging system for the electric automobile is designed, and comprises an alternating current charging interface, a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger, a power battery pack, a sixth switch K6, a whole vehicle distribution box, a load, a direct current charging interface connected with the power battery pack through a fourth switch K4, and a vehicle-mounted controller, wherein the alternating current interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with the alternating current charging interface, the direct current high-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with the input end of the power battery pack, and the direct current low-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with the whole vehicle distribution box; the power battery pack comprises a first battery, a second battery, a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3, wherein the positive electrode input end IN + of the power battery pack is connected with one end of the first battery and one end of the first switch K1, the negative electrode input end IN-of the power battery pack is connected with one end of the second switch K2, one end of the second battery and the negative electrode output end OUT-of the power battery pack, the other end of the first switch K1 is connected with one end of the third switch K3, the other end of the second battery and the positive electrode output end OUT + of the power battery pack, and the other end of the first battery is connected with the other end of the second switch K2 and the other end of the third switch K3; the vehicle-mounted controller controls the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4 and the sixth switch K6 to act according to whether the direct-current charging interface supports quick charging or not, and the power battery pack is charged slowly or quickly.
In one scheme, a seventh switch K7 is connected in series between the direct-current high-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger and the input end of the power battery pack; the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with rated input voltage of 400V, and a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box in series.
In another scheme, the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with the rated input voltage of 800V.
And a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box in series.
The load comprises an air conditioner compressor, a whole vehicle heater, a front wheel motor, a rear wheel motor, a low-voltage load and a low-voltage battery.
The first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 adopt relays.
The invention also designs a control method of the electric vehicle quick charging system, the electric vehicle quick charging system adopts the electric vehicle quick charging system, the control method comprises an alternating current charging mode and a direct current charging mode, whether the direct current charging interface supports quick charging or not is judged in the direct current charging mode, when the direct current charging interface supports quick charging, the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are controlled to act, the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, and the direct current charging interface is set to output high voltage to quickly charge the power battery pack; when the direct-current charging interface does not support quick charging, the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are controlled to act, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel, and the direct-current charging interface is arranged to output low voltage to quickly charge the power battery pack.
In a first embodiment, the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with a rated input voltage of 400V, and when a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected in series between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box, the control method comprises the following specific steps: step 1, inserting a gun of an electric automobile into a direct current charging interface, and communicating a vehicle-mounted controller with a direct current charging pile; step 10, judging whether the direct current charging pile supports quick charging, if so, turning to step 12, otherwise, turning to step 22; step 12, disconnecting the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, closing the third switch K3, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in series, and requesting to output high voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are opened, and the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 are closed; step 13, outputting high voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and rapidly charging the power battery pack; step 14, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 15; step 15, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 16, and otherwise, turning to step 14; step 16, opening the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, then opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, and turning to step 30 after closing the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7; step 22, opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in parallel, and requesting to output low voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently closing the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6, the seventh switch K7; step 23, outputting low voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and slowly charging the power battery pack; step 24, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 25; step 25, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 26, and otherwise, turning to step 24; step 26, turning off the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, and turning to step 30; and step 30, entering a normal driving mode.
In a second embodiment, the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with a rated input voltage of 800V, and the control method comprises the following specific steps: step 1, inserting a gun of an electric automobile into a direct current charging interface, and communicating a vehicle-mounted controller with a direct current charging pile; step 10, judging whether the direct current charging pile supports quick charging, if so, turning to step 12, otherwise, turning to step 22; step 12, disconnecting the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, closing the third switch K3, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in series, and requesting to output high voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently the sixth switch K6 is opened and the fourth switch K4 is closed; step 13, outputting high voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and rapidly charging the power battery pack; step 14, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 15; step 15, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 16, and otherwise, turning to step 14; step 16, opening the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, then opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in parallel, closing the sixth switch K6, and turning to step 30; step 22, opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in parallel, and requesting to output low voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently closing the fourth switch K4, the sixth switch K6; step 23, outputting low voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and slowly charging the power battery pack; step 24, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 25; step 25, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 26, and otherwise, turning to step 24; step 26, turning off the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, and turning to step 30; and step 30, entering a normal driving mode.
The high voltage is 800V, and the low voltage is 400V.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the high-power output of electric energy is increased in a mode of increasing charging voltage, so that the charging time is shortened, the charging power is increased, and the capacity expansion of a high-voltage system is realized. The capacity expansion of the high voltage system is achieved by raising the voltage plateau from 400V to levels of 800V, 1000V or even higher. The charging speed which can be realized by matching the 800V voltage platform with the 350kW-600KW super charging pile is much faster than that of the common 120kW direct current quick charging pile at present, and is more gradually close to the use experience of a traditional fuel vehicle in refueling at a gas station, and meanwhile, on the premise of the same power consumption, the improvement of the voltage grade also reduces the current transmitted on the high-voltage wire harness, so that the sectional area of the high-voltage wire harness is reduced, and the effects of reducing the weight of the wire harness and saving the installation space are achieved;
aiming at the bottleneck in the background technology, the battery super-charging function is realized on the basis of not changing a 400V power supply platform of the whole vehicle by adding a group of relays and a system architecture with a DCDC (direct current DC) with safe function, so that the charging speed of the battery is improved, and the bottleneck that an SIC (semiconductor integrated circuit) device is required to be used for meeting an 800V or even 1200V battery system in an electric driving and controlling mode is solved.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, in which:
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a system employing a 400V three-terminal vehicle charger;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power battery pack according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a control method using a 400V three-terminal vehicle charger;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a system employing an 800V three terminal vehicle charger;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of a control method adopting an 800V three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention discloses a quick charging system of an electric automobile, which refers to a system circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment shown in figure 1, and comprises an alternating current charging interface, a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger, a power battery pack, a sixth switch K6, a whole automobile distribution box, a load, a direct current charging interface and a vehicle-mounted controller, wherein the direct current charging interface is connected with the power battery pack through a fourth switch K4; the power battery pack comprises a first battery, a second battery, a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3, wherein the positive electrode input end IN + of the power battery pack is connected with one end of the first battery and one end of the first switch K1, the negative electrode input end IN-of the power battery pack is connected with one end of the second switch K2, one end of the second battery and the negative electrode output end OUT-of the power battery pack, the other end of the first switch K1 is connected with one end of the third switch K3, the other end of the second battery and the positive electrode output end OUT + of the power battery pack, and the other end of the first battery is connected with the other end of the second switch K2 and the other end of the third switch K3; the vehicle-mounted controller controls the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4 and the sixth switch K6 to act according to whether the direct-current charging interface supports quick charging or not, and the power battery pack is charged slowly or quickly.
The three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is a patent already granted by the company, an alternating current interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with an alternating current charging interface, a direct current high-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with a high-voltage battery in a power battery pack, and a direct current low-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with a low-voltage load and a low-voltage battery in a vehicle through a whole vehicle distribution box; the alternating current interface can charge the high-voltage battery and the low-voltage battery, and the high-voltage battery can supply power to the alternating current interface in an inverting way and also can supply power to the direct current low-voltage interface in a DCDC (direct current-direct current) conversion way.
The voltage of the existing direct-current charging pile is generally adjustable within 300V-1200V, and when the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel, the required voltage is 400V, the voltage of 400V is requested from the high-voltage direct-current charging pile; when the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, the required voltage is 800V, and 800V voltage is requested to the high-voltage direct-current charging pile. Under the condition of the same charging current, the charging power is improved by 1 time, and the charging time is shortened by half. After charging is completed, the battery module is changed into a parallel mode for normal driving through relay switching. For example, a 400V system battery is used for charging an 800V super-charging system by connecting 2 battery modules in series in the charging process; in the charging process of the 800V system battery, 2 groups of battery modules are connected in series and charged by a 1500V pole charging system (the voltage which can be reached by a future charging pile), under the condition of the same charging current, the charging power is improved by 1 time, and the charging time is shortened by half; after charging is completed, the battery module is changed into a parallel mode for normal driving through relay switching.
In the preferred embodiment, a seventh switch K7 is connected in series between the DC high voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle charger and the input end of the power battery pack. When a high voltage (800V) is input to the dc charging interface, the seventh switch K7 is turned off to protect the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger. The three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with rated input voltage of 400V. In the preferred embodiment shown in fig. 1, a double DCDC design concept is introduced, considering that a low-voltage power supply system is required to support the charging state of the whole vehicle, and energy cannot be supplied to a small battery when the batteries are in a series connection state. And a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box in series. When high voltage (800V) is input into the direct current charging interface, power can be supplied to low-voltage loads in the vehicle through the high-voltage DCDC module. Most of an electric automobile operating system is integrated with a central control system, so that functional safety level improvement and redundancy design are needed to be carried out on an in-automobile low-voltage system; the double-DCDC design idea is that a DCDC with the input voltage of 250-1500V and the output voltage of 9-18V is added in the existing CCU module, the output power is about 2KW, the DCDC charges a low-voltage load in a battery series state, and the DCDC backup and redundancy design is carried out on a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger in a normal driving state.
Referring to fig. 4, a system circuit diagram is shown for an 800V three-terminal vehicle charger, which employs a three-terminal vehicle charger rated at 800V input voltage. The high-voltage direct current supplies power to a low-voltage load and a low-voltage battery through the transformation of a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger DCDC of 800V.
In order to provide DCDC backup and redundancy design, a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected between the output end of the power battery pack and a power distribution box of the whole vehicle in series. I.e., the dotted line portion in fig. 4, power can be supplied to the low-voltage load and the low-voltage battery through a three-terminal vehicle charger of 800V or through the high-voltage DCDC module at the time of charging and normal driving.
In a preferred embodiment, the load comprises an air conditioner compressor, a vehicle heater, a front wheel motor, a rear wheel motor, a low-voltage load and a low-voltage battery.
In a preferred embodiment, the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are relays.
The invention also discloses a control method of the electric vehicle quick charging system, the electric vehicle quick charging system adopts the electric vehicle quick charging system, the control method comprises an alternating current charging mode and a direct current charging mode, whether the direct current charging interface supports quick charging or not is judged in the direct current charging mode, when the direct current charging interface supports quick charging, the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are controlled to act, so that the first battery and the second battery are connected in series, and the direct current charging interface is set to output high voltage to quickly charge a power battery pack; when the direct-current charging interface does not support quick charging, the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are controlled to act, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel, and the direct-current charging interface is arranged to output low voltage to quickly charge the power battery pack. It should be pointed out that when the plug only connects the interface that exchanges charging, get into the mode of exchanging charging, fourth switch K4 can break off, and this system is the same with ordinary system, need charge through the on-vehicle charger of three-terminal.
In a first embodiment, the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with a rated input voltage of 400V, and when a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected in series between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box, the control method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, inserting a gun of an electric automobile into a direct current charging interface, and communicating a vehicle-mounted controller with a direct current charging pile;
step 12, disconnecting the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, closing the third switch K3, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in series, and requesting to output high voltage to the direct-current charging interface; then, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are opened (note that in this step, opening the seventh switch K7 can protect the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with the rated input voltage of 400V), and the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 are closed (the battery pack is charged through K4, and the low-voltage load and the low-voltage battery in the vehicle are supplied with power through the K5 and the high-voltage DCDC module);
step 16, turning off a fourth switch K4 to stop charging, then turning off a third switch K3, closing a first switch K1 and a second switch K2, enabling a first battery and a second battery to be connected in parallel, and turning on a sixth switch K6 and a seventh switch K7 (the battery in the power battery pack outputs high voltage to the finished automobile wiring box through the sixth switch K6, and performs DCDC conversion through a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger to the finished automobile wiring box to output low voltage), and turning to step 30;
and step 30, entering a normal driving mode.
Referring to a flowchart of a control method adopting an 800V three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger shown in fig. 5, the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with a rated input voltage of 800V, and the control method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, inserting a gun of an electric automobile into a direct current charging interface, and communicating a vehicle-mounted controller with a direct current charging pile;
step 12, disconnecting the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, closing the third switch K3, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in series, and requesting to output high voltage to the direct-current charging interface; then the sixth switch K6 is opened, and the fourth switch K4 is closed (the direct current high voltage supplies power to the low-voltage load and the low-voltage battery in the vehicle through the 800V three-terminal vehicle charger);
step 16, disconnecting the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, then disconnecting the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, closing the sixth switch K6, and turning to step 30 (the battery in the power battery pack outputs high voltage to the finished automobile wiring box through the sixth switch K6, and performs DCDC transformation to the finished automobile wiring box through the 800V three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger to output low voltage);
26, turning off a fourth switch K4 to stop charging, and turning to step 30 (the battery pack supplies power to a high-voltage load in the vehicle through K6 and supplies power to a low-voltage load through a three-terminal vehicle charger);
and step 30, entering a normal driving mode.
In a preferred embodiment, the high voltage is 800V and the low voltage is 400V.
The foregoing examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. Any equivalent modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The electric automobile quick charging system is characterized by comprising an alternating current charging interface, a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger, a power battery pack, a sixth switch K6, a whole vehicle distribution box, a load, a direct current charging interface and a vehicle-mounted controller, wherein the alternating current charging interface, the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger, the power battery pack, the sixth switch K6, the whole vehicle distribution box and the load are sequentially connected, the direct current charging interface is connected with the power battery pack through a fourth switch K4, and the vehicle-mounted controller is further provided, wherein the direct current charging interface is connected with the power battery pack through the fourth switch K4
The alternating current interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with the alternating current charging interface, the direct current high-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with the input end of the power battery pack, and the direct current low-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger is connected with the whole vehicle distribution box;
the power battery pack comprises a first battery, a second battery, a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3, wherein the positive electrode input end IN + of the power battery pack is connected with one end of the first battery and one end of the first switch K1, the negative electrode input end IN-of the power battery pack is connected with one end of the second switch K2, one end of the second battery and the negative electrode output end OUT-of the power battery pack, the other end of the first switch K1 is connected with one end of the third switch K3, the other end of the second battery and the positive electrode output end OUT + of the power battery pack, and the other end of the first battery is connected with the other end of the second switch K2 and the other end of the third switch K3;
the vehicle-mounted controller controls the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4 and the sixth switch K6 to act according to whether the direct-current charging interface supports quick charging or not, and the power battery pack is charged slowly or quickly.
2. The quick charging system for the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein a seventh switch K7 is connected in series between the direct-current high-voltage interface of the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger and the input end of the power battery pack; the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with rated input voltage of 400V, and a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box in series.
3. The quick charging system for the electric automobile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with a rated input voltage of 800V.
4. The electric vehicle quick charging system as claimed in claim 3, wherein a fifth switch K5 and a high voltage DCDC module are connected in series between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box.
5. The electric vehicle quick-charging system according to claim 1, wherein the load comprises an air conditioner compressor, a vehicle heater, a front wheel motor, a rear wheel motor, a low-voltage load and a low-voltage battery.
6. The quick charging system for the electric automobile as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are relays.
7. A control method of an electric vehicle quick charging system is characterized in that the electric vehicle quick charging system adopts the electric vehicle quick charging system of any one of claims 1 to 6, the control method comprises an alternating current charging mode and a direct current charging mode,
judging whether the direct-current charging interface supports quick charging or not in the direct-current charging mode, controlling a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3 to act when the direct-current charging interface supports quick charging, enabling a first battery and a second battery to form series connection, and setting the direct-current charging interface to output high voltage to quickly charge a power battery pack; when the direct-current charging interface does not support quick charging, the first switch K1, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are controlled to act, the first battery and the second battery are connected in parallel, and the direct-current charging interface is arranged to output low voltage to quickly charge the power battery pack.
8. The method for controlling the electric vehicle quick charging system according to claim 7, wherein the three-terminal vehicle charger is a three-terminal vehicle charger with a rated input voltage of 400V, and when a fifth switch K5 and a high-voltage DCDC module are connected in series between the output end of the power battery pack and the whole vehicle distribution box, the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, inserting a gun of an electric automobile into a direct current charging interface, and communicating a vehicle-mounted controller with a direct current charging pile;
step 10, judging whether the direct current charging pile supports quick charging, if so, turning to step 12, otherwise, turning to step 22;
step 12, disconnecting the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, closing the third switch K3, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in series, and requesting to output high voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently, the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7 are opened, and the fourth switch K4 and the fifth switch K5 are closed;
step 13, outputting high voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and rapidly charging the power battery pack;
step 14, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 15;
step 15, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 16, and otherwise, turning to step 14;
step 16, opening the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, then opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, connecting the first battery and the second battery in parallel, and turning to step 30 after closing the sixth switch K6 and the seventh switch K7;
step 22, opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in parallel, and requesting to output low voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently closing the fourth switch K4, the fifth switch K5, the sixth switch K6, the seventh switch K7;
step 23, outputting low voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and slowly charging the power battery pack;
step 24, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 25;
step 25, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 26, and otherwise, turning to step 24;
step 26, turning off the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, and turning to step 30;
and step 30, entering a normal driving mode.
9. The control method of the electric automobile quick charging system according to claim 7, wherein the three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger adopts a three-terminal vehicle-mounted charger with a rated input voltage of 800V, and the control method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, inserting a gun of an electric automobile into a direct current charging interface, and communicating a vehicle-mounted controller with a direct current charging pile;
step 10, judging whether the direct current charging pile supports quick charging, if so, turning to step 12, otherwise, turning to step 22;
step 12, disconnecting the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, closing the third switch K3, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in series, and requesting to output high voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently the sixth switch K6 is opened and the fourth switch K4 is closed;
step 13, outputting high voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and rapidly charging the power battery pack;
step 14, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 15;
step 15, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 16, and otherwise, turning to step 14;
step 16, opening the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, then opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in parallel, closing the sixth switch K6, and turning to step 30;
step 22, opening the third switch K3, closing the first switch K1 and the second switch K2, enabling the first battery and the second battery to be connected in parallel, and requesting to output low voltage to the direct-current charging interface; subsequently closing the fourth switch K4, the sixth switch K6;
step 23, outputting low voltage by the direct current charging pile through the direct current charging interface, and slowly charging the power battery pack;
step 24, monitoring whether a fault occurs in the charging process, and reporting to the direct current charging pile to stop charging if the fault occurs; if no fault exists, turning to step 25;
step 25, judging whether the power battery pack is charged, if so, turning to step 26, and otherwise, turning to step 24;
step 26, turning off the fourth switch K4 to stop charging, and turning to step 30;
and step 30, entering a normal driving mode.
10. The method for controlling the quick charging system of the electric automobile according to claim 7, wherein the high voltage is 800V, and the low voltage is 400V.
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