CN114024590A - RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method based on frame structure without channel information - Google Patents
RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method based on frame structure without channel information Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/145—Passive relay systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0033—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method based on frame structure without channel information, wherein the frame structure comprises a RIS scanning sub-frame and a communication sub-frame, the RIS auxiliary communication system optimizes and communicates the RIS coding according to the frame structure, comprising: in the RIS scanning subframe, AP continuously sends a reference signal, RIS switches codes in a codebook according to the sequence, and UE measures corresponding received signal strength information under the codes and feeds back the information to the AP and RIS; in the communication subframe, the RIS selects and maintains the code which maximizes the UE received signal strength according to the fed back UE received signal strength information, and the AP and the UE perform data communication. The invention optimizes the RIS auxiliary communication system in a codebook scanning mode without using channel information, has the characteristics of low complexity and high feasibility, embeds the RIS optimization and the communication process into a frame structure, and can be compatible with a common wireless communication frame structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method based on a frame structure and without channel information, belonging to the technical field of wireless communication.
Background
RIS (configurable Intelligent surface) is a new type of electromagnetic device, which is generally composed of a series of sub-wavelength artificial electromagnetic unit structures regularly arranged in a two-dimensional plane. By designing the composition structure, size and arrangement mode of the electromagnetic units, the RIS can realize the electromagnetic response which some conventional materials do not have. In addition, the RIS can obtain the electromagnetic response of the regulation and control unit by adding the adjustable electronic element into the electromagnetic unit so as to control the radio wave capability, and the capability causes the RIS to attract wide attention in the field of wireless communication.
The wireless communication technology relies on electromagnetic waves to realize information transmission, and a sending end modulates information on radio waves and transmits the radio waves through a wireless channel to be received by a receiving end. The prior wireless communication system lacks the control capability of a wireless channel, and the performance of the wireless communication system is improved mainly by optimally designing algorithms and technologies of a transmitting end and a receiving end. The RIS provides a new degree of freedom for wireless communication, and can optimize a wireless propagation environment by regulating the electromagnetic wave capability through the RIS, thereby improving the performance of a wireless communication system. The technical key of this RIS-assisted wireless communication is to properly set the state of the adjustable elements of the RIS electromagnetic unit array, i.e., the codes of the RIS unit array. Most of the previously proposed schemes for RIS coding optimization need to estimate the channel passing through the RIS unit, but due to the large number of RIS units, the complexity of channel estimation and feedback optimization is high, so that these optimization schemes are difficult to be adopted in practical application. Therefore, it is necessary to design an optimization method of the RIS assisted wireless communication system with low complexity and high feasibility.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the problem of higher complexity of the existing RIS auxiliary wireless communication system optimization method, the RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method based on the frame structure, which does not need to use channel information, has low complexity and high feasibility, namely the RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method based on the frame structure without the channel information is provided.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention adopts an RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method without channel information based on frame structure to solve the technical problems, the intelligent super-surface RIS auxiliary communication system optimizes and communicates the RIS code according to the frame structure, the time length of the frame structure is TframeIncluding a duration of TscanThe time length of the RIS scanning sub-frame and the time length after the RIS scanning sub-frame is TtransThe RIS is used for improving the communication quality of the access point AP and the user terminal UE, and the optimization method comprises the following steps:
scanning the subframe by the RIS, sequentially switching the codes in the codebook by the RIS, wherein the space size of the code codebook is N, and the duration of each code is
The AP sends the same reference signal in the duration of each code, and the UE measures the corresponding received signal strength information under the N codes and feeds back the received signal strength information corresponding to the N codes to the AP and the RIS;
in the communication subframe, selecting a code which enables the UE to receive the signal intensity to be maximum in a codebook according to the received signal intensity information fed back by the UE as an optimal RIS code, wherein the RIS code is positioned at the T of the communication subframetransAnd keeping the optimal code for the time, and carrying out data communication between the AP and the UE.
The encoding codebook of the RIS is generated by adopting a directional diagram synthesis algorithm, so that the RIS under each encoding has reflected beams in different directions.
The directional diagram comprehensive algorithm adopts a directional diagram comprehensive method based on a genetic algorithm.
The received signal strength information is a received signal strength indication RSSI, a signal to interference plus noise ratio SNR, a reference signal received power RSRP, or a reference signal received quality RSRQ.
The RIS-assisted communication system performs RIS scanning and RIS coding optimization according to frame structure continuous cycle, and the RIS performs RIS coding optimization according to the UE received signal strength information fed back last time.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following advantages:
1. low complexity and high feasibility. The optimization of the prior RIS auxiliary wireless communication system mostly needs to estimate the channel passing through the RIS unit, and the optimization method has high complexity and is difficult to deploy and use in practical application due to the large number of RIS units, large scale of channel matrix and complex channel estimation and subsequent channel information feedback. The invention optimizes the RIS auxiliary communication system in a codebook scanning mode, does not need to use channel information, can realize the optimization of the RIS code only by measuring and feeding back the receiving power by the UE, and has the characteristics of low complexity and high feasibility.
2. Can be compatible with common wireless communication frame structures. The invention optimizes and communicates the RIS auxiliary communication system based on the frame structure, the system finishes the RIS coding optimization related work in the RIS scanning subframe, and the AP and the UE can carry out normal communication in the communication subframe. The frame structure of the invention can be compatible with the common wireless communication frame structure, only one subframe is reserved in the common wireless communication frame structure for RIS coding optimization, and the frame structure is easy to deploy and use in the common wireless communication system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture and an optimization method of an RIS-assisted communication system according to the present invention, in which fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of completing a codebook scan at an RIS scanning subframe RIS, and fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of selecting an optimal code at a communication subframe RIS.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary frame structure provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary set of codes and corresponding patterns provided by the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a test scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of test results for one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The system architecture of the RIS assisted communication system is shown in fig. 1, and the system mainly includes three parts, namely AP, RIS and UE. The AP and the UE communicate by using wireless signals, and the RIS can provide a signal reflection path for the AP and the UE, so that the communication system can still use the signal reflection path of the RIS to ensure communication or optimize communication quality under the condition that the line-of-sight path from the AP to the UE is blocked or the channel quality of the line-of-sight path is poor.
The RIS assisted communication system of the present invention optimizes and communicates RIS encoding according to the frame structure shown in FIG. 1, which has a duration of TframeIncluding a duration of TscanThe time length of the RIS scanning sub-frame and the time length after the RIS scanning sub-frame is TtransThe RIS is required to be at TscanThe scanning of the N codes in the codebook is completed in time. The RIS is used for improving the communication quality of an Access Point (AP) and a user terminal (UE), and the optimization method comprises the following steps:
step one, as shown in fig. 1a, in scanning a subframe by an RIS, an AP continuously transmits a reference signal, the RIS sequentially switches codes in a codebook, the spatial size of the codebook is N, and each coding duration is N
UE measures the corresponding received signal strength information under N codes and feeds back the information to AP and RIS;
step two, as shown in fig. 1b, in the communication subframe, the RIS selects and maintains the code which maximizes the UE received signal strength according to the fed back UE received signal strength information, and the AP and the UE perform data communication.
The frame structure of the present invention is compatible with a common wireless communication frame structure, and as an example, a schematic diagram of a frame structure compatible with the 5G NR standard is shown in fig. 2. In this frame structure, the radio frame duration TframeEach radio frame comprises 10 subframes of 1ms, each subframe comprising 4 slots, each slot in turn comprising 14 OFDM symbols, 10 ms. Each radio frame in the frame structure includes 40 slots, the first of which is a RIS scan subframe, Tscan0.25ms, the remaining time slot is used for communicationI.e. Ttrans9.75 ms. In the first slot of the radio frame, the RIS scan subframe, the RIS completes a scan of 14 codes, each code duration, i.e., the duration of one OFDM symbol, at which the coding codebook space size N is 14 in this example. It should be understood that this is only an illustration, and the frame structure of the RIS assisted wireless communication system can be flexibly designed according to practical needs when implemented.
The RIS code book can be generated by adopting a directional diagram synthesis algorithm, so that the RIS under each code has reflected beams in different directions, and the directional diagram synthesis algorithm can adopt methods such as directional diagram synthesis based on a genetic algorithm and the like. As an example, for an RIS consisting of 8 rows and 24 columns of electromagnetic units with the size of lambda/4 multiplied by lambda/2, wherein lambda is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the working frequency point, the RIS is of a column control 1bit phase modulation type, that is, each column of electromagnetic units has two states, that is, the phase of the reflected electromagnetic wave of the state 0 and the state 1 is different by 180 degrees. For the electromagnetic wave incident at-45 °, 3 codes designed by genetic algorithm and corresponding radiation patterns are shown in fig. 3, and the main lobe directions of the coded reflected beams are 10 °, 20 ° and 30 °, respectively. It should be understood that this is only an illustration, and the RIS codebook can be flexibly designed according to actual requirements when implemented.
The optimization method of the present invention performs the optimization and communication of the RIS assisted communication system according to the frame structure, as shown in fig. 1. In a scanning subframe of a wireless frame, the AP continuously sends a fixed reference signal, a transmitting beam points to the RIS, and the RIS sequentially switches N codes in a codebook. Because the reflected beam directions of different codes are different, the receiving power of the UE at a fixed position at the moment under different codes is also different, and the UE measures corresponding received signal strength information under N codes, such as RSSI or SINR or RSRP or RSRQ, and feeds back the information to the AP and RIS. In the communication subframe, the RIS selects the code which makes the UE receive signal strength maximum according to the UE receive signal strength information fed back last time, such as the code k in FIG. 1, k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, then the RIS keeps the selected code in the communication subframe, and the AP and the UE carry out subsequent data communication. And then, the steps are repeated at each wireless frame, so that the RIS can dynamically and quickly adjust the codes to adapt to the change of the wireless channel to optimize the communication between the AP and the UE.
The verification system is constructed according to the embodiment and mainly comprises an AP end, an RIS end and a UE end, wherein the working frequency point of the verification system is 28GHz, and the bandwidth is 100M. Frame structure design of verification system as shown in fig. 2, the RIS assisted communication system optimization method without channel information based on frame structure according to the present invention is performed.
The test scene of the verification system is shown in fig. 4, the AP transmitting antenna, the RIS and the UE receiving antenna are located at the same height, the distance between the AP and the RIS is 1.8m, the line of sight path between the AP and the UE is blocked by an obstacle, the AP transmitting beam is aligned to the RIS, the included angle between the AP transmitting beam and the RIS normal direction is 45 degrees, the distance between the UE and the RIS is kept at 2.4m, the UE antenna is also aligned to the RIS, and the four positions of the UE are respectively 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees and 45 degrees relative to the RIS normal included angle. The received powers of the four measurement positions before and after the optimization method of the present invention is used are shown in fig. 5, when the optimization method is not enabled, the RIS reflects the beam to the mirror direction, i.e. the position 1 direction, so the received power will be significantly reduced when the UE is located at other positions. After the RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method based on the frame structure and without the channel information is implemented, the RIS can dynamically adjust the encoding and reflection beam directions, so that the UE keeps better receiving power at each position, and the receiving signal power of the UE can be effectively improved by about 10dB in the non-mirror image direction.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A RIS auxiliary communication system optimization method without channel information based on frame structure is characterized in that the intelligent super-surface RIS auxiliary communication system performs RIS coding optimization and communication according to frame structure, the frame structure duration is TframeIncluding a duration of TscanThe time length of the RIS scanning sub-frame and the time length after the RIS scanning sub-frame is TtransThe RIS is used for improving the communication quality of the access point AP and the user terminal UEThe optimization method comprises the following steps:
scanning the subframe by the RIS, sequentially switching the codes in the codebook by the RIS, wherein the space size of the code codebook is N, and the duration of each code is
The AP sends the same reference signal in the duration of each code, and the UE measures the corresponding received signal strength information under the N codes and feeds back the received signal strength information corresponding to the N codes to the AP and the RIS;
in the communication subframe, selecting a code which enables the UE to receive the signal intensity to be maximum in a codebook according to the received signal intensity information fed back by the UE as an optimal RIS code, wherein the RIS code is positioned at the T of the communication subframetransAnd keeping the optimal code for the time, and carrying out data communication between the AP and the UE.
2. The RIS assisted communication system optimizing method based on frame structure without channel information of claim 1, wherein the RIS code book is generated using a pattern synthesis algorithm such that RIS under each code has a reflected beam in a different direction.
3. The RIS auxiliary communication system optimizing method without channel information based on frame structure according to claim 2, wherein the pattern integration algorithm employs a pattern integration method based on a genetic algorithm.
4. The RIS assisted communication system optimization method without channel information based on frame structure according to claim 1, wherein the received signal strength information is a received signal strength indication RSSI, a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio SNR, a reference signal received power RSRP, or a reference signal received quality RSRQ.
5. The method of optimizing an RIS-assisted communication system based on frame structure without channel information according to claim 1, wherein the RIS-assisted communication system performs RIS scanning and RIS coding optimization according to a continuous cycle of frame structure, and RIS performs RIS coding optimization according to the last feedback of the UE received signal strength information.
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