CN114024408A

CN114024408A - Double-cooling double-salient-pole generator

Info

Publication number: CN114024408A
Application number: CN202111407779.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 兰小兵; 陈恩涛; 卓亮; 施道龙; 张登平
Original assignee: Guizhou Aerospace Linquan Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guizhou Aerospace Linquan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-24
Filing date: 2021-11-24
Publication date: 2022-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-24
Also published as: CN114024408B

Abstract

The invention provides a double-cooling double-salient-pole generator, which comprises an inner shell; the stator armature is coaxially fixed in the inner casing and a rotor assembly is installed in the inner casing, the outer casing is sleeved outside the inner casing, an oil duct is arranged between the outer casing and the inner casing, an air duct is arranged between the stator armature and the rotor assembly, a rotating stator is arranged at the rear end of the inner casing and matched with the rotor assembly, and a space where the rotating stator is located is fixedly provided with a rear cover cage cover. The invention solves the heating problem caused by high power loss of the motor through the oil cooling and air cooling double cooling design under the condition of meeting the requirements of small volume and light weight, has novel structure, good manufacturability, assembly, safety and maintainability, and meets the use requirements of a new generation of military engine.

Description

Double-cooling double-salient-pole generator

Technical Field

The invention relates to a double-cooling double-salient-pole generator, and belongs to the technical field of electrical engineering.

Background

The engine is the heart of the airplane, the starter generator is directly connected with the engine, in the working process of the engine, the starting function of the starter generator is utilized to drive the rotor of the engine to rotate in the starting stage, after the engine is ignited and reaches the normal working state, the rotor of the starter generator is driven by the engine to rotate, the starter generator is switched to a generator mode, electromagnetic induction is generated in the starter generator, partial mechanical energy of the engine is converted into electric energy, and power is supplied to electric equipment on the airplane.

The multi-electrification is the development trend of airplanes, a new generation of airplanes puts higher requirements on a power supply system, a starting generator is an important component of an engine, the starting power of the engine of a certain model is required to reach 100kW when the rotating speed of the starting generator is 3000rpm, the generating power of the engine of 13000rpm is not less than 150kW, and the power-to-weight ratio of the effective material part of the starting generator reaches 3 kW/kg.

The power density of the direct current brush generator is high, but the direct current brush generator is limited by the electric brush, the service life of the motor is short, the reliability of the motor cannot meet the requirements, and the direct current brush motor cannot meet the performance output requirements of 270V and 150 kW; the permanent magnet generator has long service life, but cannot be demagnetized when in failure, the safety does not meet the requirement, although the permanent magnet generator body has light weight and high power density, the permanent magnet generator body is limited by the functions of electronic components, and the starting controller matched with the permanent magnet generator body has large volume, so that the total power density of a starting system consisting of the generator and the controller is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a double-cooling double-salient generator which can effectively solve the heating problem caused by high power loss of a motor and has good manufacturability, assembly, safety and maintainability.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention provides a double-cooling double-salient-pole generator, which comprises an inner shell; the stator armature is coaxially fixed in the inner casing and a rotor assembly is installed in the inner casing, the outer casing is sleeved outside the inner casing, an oil duct is arranged between the outer casing and the inner casing, an air duct is arranged between the stator armature and the rotor assembly, a rotating stator is arranged at the rear end of the inner casing and matched with the rotor assembly, and a space where the rotating stator is located is fixedly provided with a rear cover cage cover.

The rotor subassembly tail end has fan structure.

The rear end of the inner casing is provided with a support at the position where the rotor assembly penetrates, the rotor assembly is arranged on the support through a bearing, and the rotary transformer stator is arranged at the rear end of the support.

The outer casing and the inner casing are provided with spiral grooves through the outer circle of the inner casing in a protruding mode, two ends of each spiral groove are communicated with the first oil nozzle and the second oil nozzle respectively, and the first oil nozzle and the second oil nozzle are installed on the outer casing.

The first oil nozzle and the second oil nozzle are close in position.

The front end of the outer casing is provided with a vent hole.

The rear end face of the rear cover is provided with a vent hole.

A rear end cover is fixed at the rear end of the outer shell, an outer cover is fixed at the rear end of the rear end cover, the rear end cover and the outer cover the rear cover, a cavity between the outer cover and the rear cover is communicated with a first air nozzle, a second air nozzle, a third air nozzle and a fourth air nozzle, and the first air nozzle, the second air nozzle, the third air nozzle and the fourth air nozzle are radially arranged on the outer shell at positions close to the front end of the outer shell; the first air nozzle, the second air nozzle, the third air nozzle and the fourth air nozzle are uniformly distributed along the circumference by taking the axial lead of the outer shell as the center of a circle.

And a second outer retaining ring and a first outer retaining ring are respectively arranged on the rotor assembly at positions corresponding to the front end and the rear end of the inner machine shell, the second outer retaining ring is coaxially clamped by a third bearing and a fourth bearing, and the first outer retaining ring is coaxially clamped by a second bearing and a first bearing.

The rotor assembly consists of a short shaft and a main shaft, the short shaft is connected with the main shaft through a spline, and a spring is arranged between the short shaft and the main shaft; a clamping groove is arranged on the short shaft, a check ring is arranged in the clamping groove, and the check ring pushes the spring; the short shaft is provided with a breaking groove, so that the short shaft breaks and is mechanically separated when the transmission torque between the short shaft and the main shaft is larger than an expected value.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: under the requirement of satisfying small, light in weight, the problem of generating heat that the high loss of motor power leads to greatly has been solved through the two cooling designs of oil cooling with the forced air cooling, and novel structure has good manufacturability, assembly nature, security, maintainability, has satisfied the operation requirement of the military engine of new generation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of at least one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rotor assembly of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is an exploded view of the rotor assembly of fig. 1.

In the figure: 1-a first air tap, 2-C phase leading-out wire, 3-a second air tap, 4-a first oil tap, 5-rotary transformer leading-out wire, 6-field winding leading-out wire, 7-a second oil tap, 8-a third air tap, 9-A phase leading-out wire, 10-a fourth air tap, 11-B phase leading-out wire, 12-outer cover, 13-rear cover, 14-rotary transformer stator, 15-support, 16-rear end cover, 17-outer machine shell, 18-inner machine shell, 19-stator armature, 20-bearing cover, 21-rotor assembly, 22-short shaft, 23-second lock nut, 24-second retainer ring, 25-shaft sleeve, 26-second retainer ring, 27-second inner retainer ring, 28-pin, 29-third key, 30-magnetic yoke, 31-second bearing, 32-first bearing, 33-rotating rotor, 34-fan, 35-first lock nut, 36-first collar, 37-flat washer, 38-first key, 39-first shaft sleeve, 40-second key, 41-second shaft sleeve, 42-first outer retainer ring, 43-first inner retainer ring, 44-rotor iron core, 45-side plate, 46-main shaft, 47-third bearing, 48-fourth bearing, 49-retainer ring and 50-spring.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.

Example 1

A double-cooled doubly salient generator as shown in fig. 1-5, comprising an inner housing 18; the inner machine shell 18 is internally and coaxially fixed with a stator armature 19 and is provided with a rotor assembly 21, the inner machine shell 18 is externally sleeved with the outer machine shell 17, an oil passage is arranged between the outer machine shell 17 and the inner machine shell 18, an air passage is arranged between the stator armature 19 and the rotor assembly 21, the rear end of the inner machine shell 18 is provided with a rotary stator 14 which is matched with the rotor assembly 21 for installation, and the rear end of the inner machine shell 18 is fixedly provided with a rear cover 13 which covers the space where the rotary stator 14 is located.

Example 2

According to embodiment 1, the rotor assembly 21 has a fan 34 at the rear end.

Example 3

According to embodiment 1, the rear end of the inner housing 18 has a bracket 15 at a position where the rotor assembly 21 passes through, the rotor assembly 21 is mounted on the bracket 15 through a bearing, and the rotating stator 14 is mounted on the rear end of the bracket 15.

Example 4

Based on embodiment 1, be provided with the helicla flute through inner casing 18 excircle arch between outer casing 17 and the inner casing 18, the helicla flute both ends communicate respectively in first glib talker 4 and second glib talker 7, and first glib talker 4 and second glib talker 7 are all installed in outer casing 17.

Example 5

Based on embodiment 4, the first oil delivery nozzle 4 and the second oil delivery nozzle 7 are located close to each other.

Example 6

According to embodiment 1, the front end of the outer housing 17 is provided with a vent hole. Thereby the air duct heat dissipation air can be blown out from the front end of the outer shell 17.

Example 7

In embodiment 1, the rear cover 13 is provided with a vent hole on the rear end surface. Thereby allowing the air duct heat radiation air to be sucked from the rear end of the rear cover 13.

Example 8

Based on embodiment 1, the rear end cover 16 is fixed at the rear end of the outer housing 17, the outer cover 12 is fixed at the rear end of the rear end cover 16, the rear cover 13 is covered by the rear end cover 16 and the outer cover 12, the cavity between the outer cover 12 and the rear cover 13 is communicated with the first air nozzle 1, the second air nozzle 3, the third air nozzle 8 and the fourth air nozzle 10, and the first air nozzle 1, the second air nozzle 3, the third air nozzle 8 and the fourth air nozzle 10 are radially arranged on the outer housing 17 at a position close to the front end of the outer housing 17. Thereby positioning the air duct inlet at the opposite front end of the outer housing 17.

Furthermore, in order to improve the air intake heat dissipation efficiency, the first air nozzle 1, the second air nozzle 3, the third air nozzle 8 and the fourth air nozzle 10 are uniformly distributed along the circumference by taking the axial lead of the outer casing 17 as the center of a circle.

Example 9

Based on embodiment 1, the rotor assembly 21 has the second outer retainer 26 and the first outer retainer 42 at positions corresponding to the front and rear ends of the inner housing 18, respectively, the second outer retainer 26 is coaxially held by the third bearing 47 and the fourth bearing 48, and the first outer retainer 42 is coaxially held by the second bearing 31 and the first bearing 32.

Example 10

Based on embodiment 1, the rotor assembly 21 consists of a stub shaft 22 and a main shaft 46, the stub shaft 22 and the main shaft 46 are connected through a spline, and a spring 50 is arranged between the stub shaft 22 and the main shaft 46; a clamping groove is arranged on the short shaft 22, a retainer ring 49 is arranged in the clamping groove, and the retainer ring 49 pushes a spring 50; the stub shaft 22 is provided with a breaking groove so that the stub shaft 22 is broken and mechanically separated when the transmission torque between the stub shaft 22 and the main shaft 46 is larger than a desired value.

Example 11

Based on the above embodiment, adopt the two cooling designs of air-cooled with oil-cooled, take away generator heat through forced cooling, avoid the high temperature to burn out the motor. 2 oil nozzles are oil cooling connectors, the first oil nozzle 4 is an oil inlet, and the second oil nozzle 7 is an oil outlet; the 4 air nozzles are air-cooled air inlet connectors and comprise a first air nozzle 1, a second air nozzle 3, a third air nozzle 8 and a fourth air nozzle 10.

As shown in fig. 2, the outer circle of the inner casing 18 is designed with a spiral groove, the first oil nipple 4 and the second oil nipple 7 are both assembled on the outer casing 17, an oil path is designed on the outer casing 17, so that the right end of the spiral groove is communicated with the first oil nipple 4, the left end of the spiral groove is communicated with the second oil nipple 4, cooling oil enters from the first oil nipple 4, flows into a spiral pipe formed by the outer casing 17 and the inner casing 18 through a pipeline of the outer casing 17, and flows out from the second oil nipple 7 through a pipeline on the other side of the outer casing 17, so that oil cooling is realized.

As shown in fig. 3, the first air nozzle 1, the second air nozzle 3, the third air nozzle 8, and the fourth air nozzle 10 are all assembled on the right side of the external housing 17 (i.e. the front end of the external housing 17) in the figure, through holes are all designed at corresponding positions of the external housing 17 and the air nozzles, the external housing 12 is assembled on the left side of the external housing 17 (i.e. the rear end of the external housing 17) in the figure, a certain number of ventilation holes are designed on the left end surface of the rear housing 13, a rear end cover 16, a boss in the middle of the spindle 46, and a ventilation hole is designed on the right end surface of the external housing 17, cooling air enters the space between the external housing 12 and the external housing 17 from 4 air nozzles, passes through the ventilation hole on the left end surface of the rear housing 13, and under the assistance of the fan 34, the air flow passes through the through holes of the boss in the middle of the rear end cover 16 and the spindle 46, and is discharged from the ventilation hole on the right end surface of the external housing 17, thereby realizing air cooling.

As shown in fig. 4, 2 angular contact bearings are respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the rotor assembly, and a first outer retainer ring 42 and a first inner retainer ring 43 are respectively arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing of the first bearing 32 and the second bearing 31; and a second outer retainer ring 26 and a second inner retainer ring 27 are respectively assembled between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing of the third bearing 47 and the bearing of the fourth bearing 48, and two angular contact bearings are respectively adopted at two ends of the rotor, so that the requirement of high rotating speed is met, and the requirement of high bearing is also met.

As shown in fig. 4, the main shaft 46 is connected with the short shaft 22 through a spline, a spring 50 is assembled between the main shaft 46 and the short shaft 22, a spring steel retaining ring 49 is assembled in a clamping groove of the short shaft 22, the spring 50 is in a compressed state in the assembled state, the short shaft 22 is pushed rightwards by the spring 50, the short shaft 22 is axially limited under the action of the retaining ring 49, a thin neck is designed on the short shaft 22 according to material mechanics, when the torque is too large, the thin neck can be broken at the position of the thin neck, the motor is mechanically separated from a transmission system of the engine, the safety of the engine is protected, after the short shaft 22 is broken, the short shaft 22 can be pulled rightwards to forcibly pull the short shaft 22 to radially compress the retaining ring 49, the short shaft 22 is pulled out and replaced, and the output shaft can be replaced after the shearing force is broken.

The specific assembly relation of each part component is as follows: the first air nozzle 1, the second air nozzle 7, the third air nozzle 8, the fourth air nozzle 10, the first oil nozzle 4 and the second oil nozzle 7 are assembled on the outer shell 17 through screws; the stator armature 19 and the rotor core 44 adopt a traditional electro-magnetic doubly-salient structure, the stator core in the stator armature 19 is formed by laser welding after high-saturation soft magnetic alloy silicon steel sheets are stacked, the rotor core 44 is also formed by laser welding after high-saturation soft magnetic alloy silicon steel sheets are stacked, the stator armature 19 comprises an excitation winding and a A, B, C three-phase winding, and an excitation winding lead-out wire 6, an A-phase lead-out wire 9, a B-phase lead-out wire 11 and a C-phase lead-out wire 2 are led out through corresponding through holes in the outer shell 17; the outer cover 12 is assembled on an outer shell 17 through screws, the rear cover 13 is assembled on a rear end cover 16 through screws, the rotary transformer stator 14 is assembled on a support 15 through screws, the rotary transformer outgoing line 5 is led out from a through hole on the rear cover 13 and a through hole on the outer shell 17, the rotary transformer stator 14 and the rotary transformer rotor 33 form a rotary transformer, the rotary transformer is used for providing a rotor position signal for an external controller, the support 15 is assembled on the rear end cover 16 through screws, a stator armature 19 is assembled in an inner cavity 18, the outer shell 17 and the inner shell 18 are assembled together to form a component through laser welding after being assembled, and the bearing cover 20 is assembled on the outer shell 17 through screws; the rotor assembly 21 has 4 bearings mounted in bearing chambers inside the rear end cap 16 and the outer housing 17. On the left side of the first bearing 32 of the rotor assembly 21, a second bushing 41, a rotary transformer rotor 33, a first bushing 39, a fan 34, a flat washer 37, a first retainer 36 and a first lock nut 35 are assembled from right to left in this order, and the rotary transformer rotor 33 and the main shaft 46 are prevented from rotating by a second key 40 and the fan 34 and the main shaft 46 are prevented from rotating by a first key 38. The magnetic yoke 30 and the main shaft 46 are fixed through the

radial pin

28, 4 key grooves are designed on the excircle of the magnetic yoke 30, the rotor iron core 44 and the magnetic yoke 30 are prevented from rotating through the key 29, and the side plate 45 and the magnetic yoke 30 are fixed through electron beam welding. And the shaft sleeve 25, the second clamping ring 24 and the second locking nut 23 are sequentially assembled on the right side of the fourth bearing 48 from left to right.

The starter generator is positioned and installed with the engine case through an installation spigot on the outer shell 17 through a spline on the short shaft 22 and an engine transmission shaft, and is fixed on the engine through 40 installation holes on the outer shell 17 by bolts.

The working principle is as follows: in the starting stage, a rotor position signal is fed back by means of the rotary transformer, a starting controller is used for supplying power to a starting generator winding and controlling output rotating speed and torque; the starting generator drives the turbine of the engine to rotate at a certain rotating speed, the starting generator drives the turbine of the engine to rotate to the ignition rotating speed, and the starting controller stops supplying power after the engine is ignited successfully and the rotating speed is increased to the disengagement rotating speed. In the power generation stage, direct current is introduced into the excitation winding, and magnetic flux generated by the excitation winding passes through the stator yoke, the stator poles, the air gap, the rotor poles and the rotor yoke to form a loop. When the transmission shaft of the engine drives the rotor of the generator to rotate, the magnetic linkage is also changed continuously, so that the armature winding induces potential. After power conversion is carried out by the power generation controller, 270V stable direct current is provided for other electric equipment on the airplane.

Claims

1. A double-cooled doubly salient generator comprising an inner housing (18), characterized in that: the stator armature (19) is coaxially fixed in the inner machine shell (18) and a rotor assembly (21) is installed, the outer machine shell (17) is sleeved outside the inner machine shell (18), an oil channel is arranged between the outer machine shell (17) and the inner machine shell (18), an air channel is arranged between the stator armature (19) and the rotor assembly (21), the rear end of the inner machine shell (18) is provided with a rotating stator (14) which is installed in a manner of being matched with the rotor assembly (21), and the rear end of the inner machine shell (18) is fixedly provided with a rear cover (13) which covers the space where the rotating stator (14) is located.

2. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the rotor component (21) is provided with a fan (34) structure.

3. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: the rear end of the inner machine shell (18) is provided with a support (15) at the position where the rotor assembly (21) penetrates, the rotor assembly (21) is installed on the support (15) through a bearing, and the rotary transformer stator (14) is installed at the rear end of the support (15).

4. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: a spiral groove is formed between the outer casing (17) and the inner casing (18) in a protruding mode through the outer circle of the inner casing (18), two ends of the spiral groove are communicated with the first oil nipple (4) and the second oil nipple (7) respectively, and the first oil nipple (4) and the second oil nipple (7) are installed on the outer casing (17).

5. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 4, wherein: the first oil nozzle (4) and the second oil nozzle (7) are close in position.

6. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: the front end of the outer shell (17) is provided with a vent hole.

7. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: the rear end face of the rear cover (13) is provided with a vent hole.

8. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: a rear end cover (16) is fixed at the rear end of the outer shell (17), an outer cover (12) is fixed at the rear end of the rear end cover (16), the rear end cover (16) and the outer cover (12) cover a rear cover (13), a cavity between the outer cover (12) and the rear cover (13) is communicated with a first air nozzle (1), a second air nozzle (3), a third air nozzle (8) and a fourth air nozzle (10), and the first air nozzle (1), the second air nozzle (3), the third air nozzle (8) and the fourth air nozzle (10) are radially arranged on the outer shell (17) at positions close to the front end of the outer shell (17); the first air nozzle (1), the second air nozzle (3), the third air nozzle (8) and the fourth air nozzle (10) are uniformly distributed along the circumference by taking the axial lead of the outer shell (17) as the center of a circle.

9. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: and a second outer retaining ring (26) and a first outer retaining ring (42) are respectively arranged on the rotor assembly (21) at positions corresponding to the front end and the rear end of the inner shell (18), the second outer retaining ring (26) is coaxially clamped by a third bearing (47) and a fourth bearing (48), and the first outer retaining ring (42) is coaxially clamped by a second bearing (31) and a first bearing (32).

10. The doubly-cooled doubly-salient generator of claim 1, wherein: the rotor assembly (21) consists of a short shaft (22) and a main shaft (46), the short shaft (22) and the main shaft (46) are connected through a spline, and a spring (50) is arranged between the short shaft (22) and the main shaft (46); a clamping groove is formed in the short shaft (22), a check ring (49) is arranged in the clamping groove, and the check ring (49) pushes a spring (50); the stub shaft (22) is provided with a breaking groove, so that the stub shaft (22) breaks and is mechanically separated when the transmission torque between the stub shaft (22) and the main shaft (46) is larger than an expected value.