CN114024008A - Multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device and a working method thereof. The power management integrated device comprises a first-stage power manager, a second-stage power manager, a power battery power manager and a driving device power manager. The second-stage power manager is connected with all fuel cell stacks of the multi-stack fuel cell system through the DC/DC module or directly and is used for setting the required output power of each fuel cell stack. The power battery power manager is used for managing input power and output power of the power battery system. The drive power manager is used for controlling the running state of the drive. The driving device can drive the load to operate. The power management integrated device obtains the optimal power management method under different working modes by establishing a mathematical optimization model according to various working modes of the load. The power management integrated device and the working method thereof can improve the efficiency and the service life of a multi-pile fuel cell system, reduce the cost and improve the performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device and a working method thereof.
Background
In order to realize the application of the fuel cell system in high-power application scenes such as heavy trucks, ships, airplanes and the like, patent CN213660458U proposes a multi-stack fuel cell system, where the multi-stack fuel cell system refers to a fuel cell system having a plurality of fuel cell stacks, and the multi-stack fuel cell system has higher output power, efficiency and life compared with a single-stack fuel cell system.
In the prior art, the output power of each fuel cell stack of the multi-stack fuel cell system adopts a power distribution method of average distribution or chain distribution, but the method has the following problems:
1. fuel cell stacks operate at different powers with different efficiency and life characteristics. The even distribution and the chain distribution enable each electric pile to work in an inefficient and low-life power output interval for a long time.
2. The fuel cell stacks in the equal-split and chained-split power methods have the same maximum output power, and the problems of low efficiency and short life span are caused when the power required by the load is concentrated in two ranges in an operation scene rather than being equally split at each power.
3. Each fuel cell stack has the minimum output power and the maximum output power, the power average distribution cannot cover the working condition of low-power output, and the chain distribution needs to start and stop the fuel cell stacks for many times, which can cause the problems of low efficiency and short service life of the fuel cell system.
There is therefore a need for a power management apparatus and power management method that can improve the efficiency and lifetime of a multi-stack fuel cell system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device capable of improving the efficiency and the life of the multi-stack fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a power management integrated device for a multi-stack fuel cell system, which includes a first-stage power manager, a second-stage power manager, a power cell power manager and a driving device power manager, wherein the second-stage power manager, the power cell power manager and the driving device power manager are all connected to the first-stage power manager; the second-stage power manager is connected with the multi-stack fuel cell system; the multi-stack fuel cell system includes a plurality of fuel cell stacks; the second-stage power manager is used for setting the required output power of all the fuel cell stacks; the power battery power manager is connected with the power battery system and used for managing the input power and the output power of the power battery system; the driving device power manager is connected with the driving device and used for controlling the running state of the driving device; the driving device is connected with a load and can drive the load to operate.
Further, all of the fuel cell stacks are connected to a second stage power manager through a DC/DC module or directly.
Further, when the fuel cell stacks are connected to the second stage power manager through the DC/DC modules, all of the fuel cell stacks are connected to one DC/DC module.
Further, when the fuel cell stacks are connected with the second-stage power managers through the DC/DC modules, the number of the DC/DC modules is equal to that of the fuel cell stacks, all the DC/DC modules are respectively connected with all the fuel cell stacks in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the second-stage power managers are connected with all the DC/DC modules.
Further, all the fuel cell stacks are connected to a fuel integrated supply device capable of individually supplying fuel collectively to the respective fuel cell stacks in accordance with the output power to be set for the respective fuel cell stacks by the second stage power manager.
Furthermore, all the fuel cell stacks are connected with a water heat integrated management device, and the water heat integrated management device manages water heat of all the fuel cell stacks uniformly.
Further, the driving device power manager can control the output power of the driving device when the driving device drives the load; when the load is braked, the driving device power manager can control the driving device to recover the energy of the load.
Further, the plurality of power battery packs of the power battery system are connected with the bus through the DC/DC module or directly.
As described above, the multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device according to the present invention has the following advantages:
the working principle of the power management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is as follows: the first-stage power manager determines the output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system and the output power of the power cell system according to the required power of the load, namely the first-stage power manager distributes the required power of the load to the multi-stack fuel cell system and the power cell system; the second-stage power manager sets the output power to be output of each fuel cell stack according to the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system, the sum of the output powers to be output of all the fuel cell stacks is equal to the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system, namely the second-stage power manager distributes the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system to each fuel cell stack, and therefore the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system is more reasonable by adopting a two-stage power management mode, particularly the first-stage power manager determines the required power of the multi-stack fuel cell system according to the required power of a load, and then the power battery system is used as the auxiliary and supplement of the multi-stack fuel cell system. When the multi-pile fuel cell system meets the requirement of outputting power, the efficiency is higher, the high-efficiency working range is easier to maintain, the overall efficiency of the multi-pile fuel cell system is further improved, the service life of the multi-pile fuel cell system can be prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced. In addition, the output power of each fuel cell stack is uniformly distributed and managed by the second-stage power manager, so that the integration level of the multi-stack fuel cell system is improved, and the overall volume of the system is reduced.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a multi-stack fuel cell system that improves the efficiency and life of the multi-stack fuel cell system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a working method of the multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device, including a working method formulation process and a working method implementation process, wherein the working method formulation process sequentially includes the following steps:
determining a power management mode according to an application scene and the requirement of an operator;
setting the output power of a multi-pile fuel cell system and the output power of a power battery system according to the power management mode and the current power demand value;
determining an optimal power distribution scheme under a pile dividing scheme and a power management mode; the optimal power distribution scheme comprises setting the required output power of each fuel cell stack;
comparing the optimal power distribution results of all the pile dividing schemes to obtain an optimal pile dividing scheme and an optimal power distribution scheme under a set power management mode;
solving the optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes to obtain the optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes, and inputting the obtained optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes into a power distribution table;
the implementation process of the working method comprises the following steps:
in actual operation, the first-stage power manager sets the required output power of the multi-pile fuel cell system and the required output power of the power cell system by looking up a power distribution table according to the currently set power management mode and the current load required power value;
and the second-stage power manager sets the output power of each fuel cell stack by looking up a power distribution table according to the currently set power management mode and the output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system.
Further, when the residual charge of the power battery system is smaller than a set threshold value, the first-stage power manager sets the output power, which is larger than the required power of the load, for the multi-stack fuel battery system, the multi-stack fuel battery system supplies power to the power battery system while supplying power to the driving device, and the power battery system is in a charging state.
As described above, the working method according to the present invention has the following advantageous effects:
based on the steps, the working method can optimize the power distribution of the multi-pile fuel cell system, maintain the multi-pile fuel cell system in a high-efficiency working range, further improve the overall efficiency of the multi-pile fuel cell system, prolong the service life of the multi-pile fuel cell system, reduce the energy consumption, reduce the cost and improve the performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an integrated power management device for a multi-stack fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a second level power manager in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a working method in the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
101 first level power manager
102 second level power manager
103 power battery power manager
104 drive device power manager
105 multi-stack fuel cell system
106 power battery system
107 driving device
108 speed reducer
109 load
110 fuel integrated supply device
111 water heat integrated management device
112 fuel cell stack
113 power battery pack
301 working method making process
302 implementation process of working method
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present disclosure, and are not used for limiting the conditions of the present disclosure, so that the present disclosure is not limited to the technical essence, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the ratios, or adjustments of the sizes, can still fall within the scope of the present disclosure without affecting the function and the achievable purpose of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for convenience of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device, which includes a first-stage power manager 101, a second-stage power manager 102, a power cell power manager 103, and a driving device power manager 104, where the second-stage power manager 102, the power cell power manager 103, and the driving device power manager 104 are all connected to the first-stage power manager 101; the second stage power manager 102 is connected to the multi-stack fuel cell system 105; the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 includes a plurality of fuel cell stacks 112; the second-stage power manager 102 is used for setting the output power of all the fuel cell stacks 112, the power cell power manager 103 is connected with the power cell system 106, and the power cell power manager 103 is used for managing the input power and the output power of the power cell system 106; the driving device power manager 104 is connected to the driving device 107, and the driving device power manager 104 is configured to control an operation state of the driving device 107; the driving device 107 is connected with a load 109, and the driving device 107 can drive the load 109 to operate. The working principle of the power management integrated device of the multi-stack fuel cell system is as follows: the first-stage power manager 101 determines the output power required by the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the output power required by the power cell system 106 according to the power demand of the load 109, that is, the first-stage power manager 101 distributes the power demand of the load 109 to the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the power cell system 106; the second-stage power manager 102 sets the output power to be output of each fuel cell stack 112 according to the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105, and the sum of the output powers to be output of all the fuel cell stacks 112 is equal to the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105, that is, the second-stage power manager 102 distributes the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 to each fuel cell stack 112, so that the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 is more reasonable by adopting a two-stage power management mode, particularly, the first-stage power manager 101 determines the required power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 according to the required power of the load 109, and then the power battery system 106 is used for assisting and supplementing the multi-stack fuel cell system 105. When the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 meets the required output power, the efficiency is higher, and the high-efficiency working range is easier to maintain, so that the overall efficiency of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 is improved, the service life of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 can be prolonged, and the energy consumption is reduced. In addition, the output power of each fuel cell stack 112 is uniformly distributed and managed by the second-stage power manager 102, so that the integration level of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 is improved, and the overall volume of the system is reduced.
The fuel cell stack 112 is coupled to the DC/DC module and the second stage power manager 102 is coupled to the DC/DC module. In this embodiment, the number of DC/DC modules is equal to the number of fuel cell stacks 112, all DC/DC modules are connected to all fuel cell stacks 112 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second stage power manager 102 is connected to all DC/DC modules. In other embodiments all of the fuel cell stacks 112 are connected to a single DC/DC module having multiple inputs. The number of fuel cell stacks 112, the number of DC/DC modules, and the maximum output power of each fuel cell stack 112 in the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 in the present embodiment are determined according to the actual application scenario and the required power of the load 109.
In this embodiment, all the fuel cell stacks 112 are connected to the integrated fuel supply device 110, and the integrated fuel supply device 110 can collectively supply fuel to each fuel cell stack 112 according to the output power to be set for each fuel cell stack 112 by the second-stage power manager 102. All the fuel cell stacks 112 are connected to a water heat integration management device 111, and the water heat integration management device 111 manages water heat of each fuel cell stack 112 uniformly.
In this embodiment, a plurality of power battery packs 113 of the power battery system 106 are connected to the bus via DC/DC modules, the drive unit 107 is connected to the bus, and the power battery packs 113 can be boosted to the bus voltage via the DC/DC modules. In other embodiments the power battery pack 113 is directly connected to the bus. In the present embodiment, the driving device 107 may be powered by direct current, or may be powered by converting the direct current into alternating current through an inverter.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment further provides an operating method of a multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device, which includes a working method formulation process 301 and a working method implementation process 302.
The working method formulation process 301 sequentially comprises the following steps:
determining a power management mode according to an application scene and the requirement of an operator;
the first-stage power manager 101 sets the output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the output power of the power cell system 106 according to the power management mode and the current power demand value;
the second level power manager 102 determines an optimal power allocation scheme under a split scheme and a power management mode; the optimal power allocation scheme includes setting the required output power of each fuel cell stack 112;
comparing the optimal power distribution results of all the pile dividing schemes to obtain an optimal pile dividing scheme and an optimal power distribution scheme under a set power management mode;
solving the optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes to obtain the optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes, and inputting the obtained optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes into a power distribution table;
the implementation process 302 of the working method comprises the following steps:
in actual operation, the first-stage power manager 101 sets the output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the output power of the power cell system 106 according to the currently set power management mode and the current power value required by the load 109 and by looking up a power distribution table;
the second stage power manager 102 sets the output power to be outputted for each fuel cell stack 112 by looking up a power distribution table based on the currently set power management mode and the output power to be outputted for the multi-stack fuel cell system 105.
The working method realizes the optimal distribution of the power required by the load, optimizes the working method of the multi-pile fuel cell system 105, and ensures that the multi-pile fuel cell system 105 can be maintained in a high-efficiency working interval, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the multi-pile fuel cell system 105, prolonging the service life of the multi-pile fuel cell system, reducing the cost and improving the performance.
The first-stage power manager 101 adjusts the output power to be output from the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the output power to be output from the power cell system 106 according to the SOC, i.e., the state of charge, of the power cell system 106. If the SOC is less than a threshold, the required output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 is increased. The multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the power cell system 106 can supply power to the drive 107 separately or simultaneously to the drive 107, or the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 can supply power to the drive 107 and simultaneously charge the power cell system 106. Specifically, when the remaining charge of the power battery system 106 is less than the set threshold, the first-stage power manager 101 allocates the required output power to the multi-stack fuel cell system 105, which is greater than the required power of the load 109, and at this time, the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 not only provides the electric energy for the driving device 107, but also charges the power battery; and the output power value of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 minus the charging power value of the power cell system 106 is equal to the power value required by the driving device 107.
In the present embodiment, when the driving device power manager 104 controls the driving device 107 to drive the load 109, the output power of the driving device 107 can be controlled. Upon braking the load 109, the drive power manager 104 can control the drive 107 to recover energy from the load 109.
In the working method of this embodiment, the required power of the load 109 in the application scenario is determined according to the application scenario and the parameter of the load 109, and the first-stage power manager 101 optimally distributes the required power of the load 109 to the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the power cell system 106 for output according to the current required power, the historical output power, the current required power change rate, and the power management mode of the load 109; the second-stage power manager 102 optimally allocates the output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 to each fuel cell stack 112 for output according to the characteristics of efficiency, lifetime, and the like of each fuel cell stack 112 and different power management modes. According to the operating state and mode requirements of the load 109, the multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device has a plurality of different power management modes, the optimal power distribution method under all possible working condition points is optimized in each power management mode through a method for establishing an optimization model, and the optimization result is directly called when the system operates in real time, so that the operating complexity of the power management integrated device is reduced, and the device integration level is improved.
In the working method of the embodiment, the first-stage power manager 101 determines the power required by the driving device 107 according to the running state requirement of the load 109 at the current moment in the application scene, and the driving device power manager 104 controls the actual output state and the power change rate of the driving device 107. The power battery power manager 103 determines the limit values for charging and discharging the power battery system 106 and controls the charging and discharging state of the power battery system 106 at the present moment.
In this embodiment, the first-stage power manager 101 and the second-stage power manager 102 respectively have a plurality of different power management modes according to different operation modes of the load 109, and the power management modes can be automatically switched when the load 109 operates at different stages and different operation states, including a start-up stage, a normal operation stage, a shutdown stage, and the like. Additionally, the load 109 operating modes include: an economy mode, a high electrical efficiency mode, a high thermal efficiency mode, a long life mode, a high performance mode, and the like. The optimal power distribution schemes of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the power cell system 106 of different operating states (required power at the current moment, historical output power, required power change rate at the current moment) of each operating point in different operating modes can be optimized through a mathematical optimization model.
The multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device 114 in this embodiment is integrated in the multi-stack fuel cell system 105, and there is no need to provide a separate power management device for each fuel cell stack 112, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105.
In this embodiment, the driving device 107 is connected to the load 109 through the reducer 108, and the driving device 107 drives the load 109 to operate through the reducer 108. The power battery system 106 includes a plurality of power battery packs 113. The power battery power manager 103 is specifically configured to manage the input power and output power of the entire power battery pack 113. The second stage power manager 102 is used to determine the power requirements of all of the fuel cell stacks 112 of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105.
In this embodiment, the power battery power manager 103 controls the power input and output of the power battery pack 113, the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 serves as a main power source to provide power for the load 109, and the power battery system 106 is used to achieve system power balance, so that the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 should operate in a high efficiency region as much as possible under the condition of meeting the requirement of power performance, thereby improving the efficiency of the system. Therefore, in this embodiment, the control target of the power battery power manager 103 is to keep the SOC of the power battery pack 113 within a certain range all the time, and limit the charging and discharging power of the power battery pack 113 within a reasonable range, so as to ensure that the power battery pack 113 is not overcharged and overdischarged, and reserve a charging space for regenerative braking. When the SOC values of the power battery packs 113 are in different ranges, the corresponding first-stage power managers 101 have different power management methods, and when the power is lower than the set range, the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 charges the power battery system 106 while supplying power to the load 109. The SOC setting range can be flexibly set by those skilled in the art according to the actual application scenario.
The load 109 typically has multiple operating modes, depending on the needs of the operator, with the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 having different power management modes in different operating modes. The operation modes generally include an economy mode, a normal mode, and a performance mode, and power management with thermal efficiency as an optimization target is also required when the load 109 is started or in standby in a cold environment.
In the working method in this embodiment, the load 109 is subjected to power parameter matching according to the working condition data of the load 109 in the application scene, so that the required power of the load 109 corresponding to each working condition point can be obtained, all possibilities of the required power of the load 109 in the application scene can be found as long as the working condition data are sufficient, in the actual work of the load 109, the required power of the load 109 can be obtained according to the relation between the previously measured working condition point and the required power of the load 109, and then the magnitude of the required output power distributed to the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the power cell system 106 by the first-stage power manager 101 can be determined by adopting a relevant optimization algorithm such as, but not limited to, a sliding average filtering method, a Savitzky-Golay convolution smoothing algorithm, an losss, an FFT filter method, a percentile filter and the like. For example, the first stage power manager 101 uses a moving average filtering method to distribute the required output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the power cell system 106, and is mainly used for reducing the fluctuation of the MFCS power demand. The power (P) to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 at a certain timeMFCS(t)) is defined as:
wherein, Pe(t) real-time power of vehicleDemand, in kW; n is the window size, where N is 4; k is a scaling factor, where k is 0.7; pMFCS(t) is the real-time desired output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105.
The present embodiment has different fuel cell stack output power distribution methods for different power management modes, such as a power management method aimed at saving operating cost, a power management method aimed at increasing response speed, a power management method aimed at increasing thermal efficiency, and the like. The optimal fuel cell stack output power distribution method needs to establish a mathematical optimization model under each target, obtain an optimal multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and output power distribution relation of each fuel cell stack 112 by combining characteristics of the fuel cell stacks 112, and distribute the output power of each fuel cell stack 112 according to a power distribution scheme under each power management mode in the actual working process of the load 109. For example, in the economic mode, the second-stage power manager 102 uses the full life cycle cost as an optimization index, and uses the efficiency characteristic and the life characteristic of each fuel cell stack 112 as constraint conditions, and equates the efficiency of each fuel cell stack 112 to the use cost of hydrogen, equates the life of each fuel cell stack 112 to the break-and-damage cost of the stack, and establishes a mathematical model to distribute the required power of each fuel cell stack 112, where the mathematical model is:
wherein M is the set of available fuel cell stacks; k is the required power of the application scene
And its distribution probability
A matrix of (a); alpha and beta are the weight of the hydrogen use cost and the pile breaking cost; pmaxIs the maximum required power in the application scenario; Δ P is the deviation of the maximum output power of the MFCS from the maximum required power of the application scenario, where Δ P is 0;
for the efficiency of the MFCS at a certain power demand;
the maximum output power of the ith fuel cell stack;
the output power of a fuel cell stack at a certain power demand for the MFCS; 237.3 is the negative value of Gibbs free energy, kJ/mol, which is the maximum electric work that can be output by the fuel cell system;
is the hydrogen cost; cp,lThe total cost of each fuel cell stack for a certain required power; ch,lThe total hydrogen use cost of each fuel cell stack at a certain required power.
As shown in fig. 3, the operation method of the multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device in the present embodiment mainly includes: a working method formulation process 301 and a working method implementation process 302. Firstly, the required power of the load 109 in the application scene is determined according to the parameters of the load 109 and the description of the application scene, a mathematical statistical rule of the required power of the load 109 in the application scene is obtained, and an operator determines a power management mode according to the working content and the requirement of the operation mode of the load 109.
After the power management mode is determined, a mathematical model needs to be established to optimize the power distribution schemes of all power points in all power management modes. Taking the high-efficiency operation mode as an example, at this time, the high efficiency operation of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 is taken as a target of power management, and objective conditions such as different operating states of the load 109 (current time required power, historical output power and current time power demand change rate), efficiency characteristics, number and power output range of the fuel cell stack 112 are taken as constraints to optimize an optimal power output scheme under a certain stacking scheme. The optimized result is the power optimized distribution result under the current power management mode and the maximum power distribution scheme of the fuel cell stack 112. By using the current power optimization distribution result and the required power distribution of the load 109 in the application scenario, the average efficiency of a certain stacking scheme in the high-efficiency working mode in the current application scenario can be obtained, and then the average efficiency is solved for all possible stacking schemes, so that the optimal stacking scheme in the current application scenario can be obtained. By combining with multiple power management modes, the optimal stack division scheme of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 and the power distribution scheme under each power management mode are obtained through comprehensive comparison, and the power distribution scheme can be obtained through table lookup according to the output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system 105 in the operation process of the load 109. Therefore, the computing power requirement of the power management integrated device is reduced, and the integration level of the device is improved.
It can be understood that the optimal stacking scheme and the optimal power allocation scheme in each power management mode in this embodiment are obtained by optimizing for a certain application scenario, and are only applicable to the power management method in the application scenario. When the application scenario changes, the result is no longer applicable, and the power management method in the current application scenario needs to be determined again according to the working method in this embodiment.
In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device is characterized by comprising a first-stage power manager (101), a second-stage power manager (102), a power cell power manager (103) and a driving device power manager (104), wherein the second-stage power manager (102), the power cell power manager (103) and the driving device power manager (104) are all connected with the first-stage power manager (101); the second stage power manager (102) is connected with a multi-stack fuel cell system (105); the multi-stack fuel cell system (105) includes a plurality of fuel cell stacks (112); the second-stage power manager (102) is used for setting the required output power of all fuel cell stacks (112); the power battery power manager (103) is connected with the power battery system (106), and the power battery power manager (103) is used for managing the input power and the output power of the power battery system (106); the driving device power manager (104) is connected with the driving device (107), and the driving device power manager (104) is used for controlling the running state of the driving device (107); the driving device (107) is connected with a load (109), and the driving device (107) can drive the load (109) to operate.
2. The integrated power management device for multi-stack fuel cell systems according to claim 1, wherein all of the fuel cell stacks (112) are connected to the second stage power manager (102) through a DC/DC module or directly.
3. The multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device of claim 2, wherein when the fuel cell stacks (112) are connected to the second stage power manager (102) through DC/DC modules, all of the fuel cell stacks (112) are connected to one DC/DC module.
4. The multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device according to claim 2, wherein when the fuel cell stacks (112) are connected with the second stage power manager (102) through DC/DC modules, the number of the DC/DC modules is equal to the number of the fuel cell stacks (112), all the DC/DC modules are respectively connected with all the fuel cell stacks (112) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second stage power manager (102) is connected with all the DC/DC modules.
5. The integrated power management system according to claim 1, wherein all the fuel cell stacks (112) are connected to the integrated fuel supply device (110), and the integrated fuel supply device (110) is configured to supply the fuel to each fuel cell stack (112) collectively according to the output power set by the second stage power manager (102) for each fuel cell stack (112).
6. The multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device according to claim 1, wherein all the fuel cell stacks (112) are connected to a hydrothermal integrated management device (111), and the hydrothermal integrated management device (111) manages hydrothermal unification of the fuel cell stacks (112).
7. The multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device of claim 1, wherein the drive device power manager (104) is capable of controlling the output power of the drive device (107) when the drive device (107) is driving the load (109); the drive power manager (104) is capable of controlling the drive (107) to recover energy from the load (109) when braking the load (109).
8. The integrated power management system of a multi-stack fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of power cell stacks (113) of the power cell system (106) are connected to the power cell power manager (103) via a DC/DC module or directly.
9. A method for operating a multi-stack fuel cell system power management integrated device according to claim 1, comprising a working method establishing process (301) and a working method implementing process (302), wherein the working method establishing process (301) comprises the following steps in sequence:
determining a power management mode according to an application scene and the requirement of an operator;
setting the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system (105) and the output power to be output of the power cell system (106) according to the power management mode and the current power demand value;
determining an optimal power distribution scheme under a pile dividing scheme and a power management mode; the optimal power allocation scheme includes setting a desired output power of each fuel cell stack (112);
comparing the optimal power distribution results of all the pile dividing schemes to obtain an optimal pile dividing scheme and an optimal power distribution scheme under a set power management mode;
solving the optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes to obtain the optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes, and inputting the obtained optimal power distribution schemes under all the power management modes into a power distribution table;
the implementation process (302) of the working method comprises the following steps:
in actual operation, the first-stage power manager (101) sets the output power to be output of the multi-stack fuel cell system (105) and the output power to be output of the power battery system (106) by looking up a power distribution table according to the currently set power management mode and the current required power value of the load (109);
the second stage power manager (102) sets the output power of each fuel cell stack (112) by looking up a power distribution table according to the currently set power management mode and the output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system (105).
10. The operating method according to claim 9, characterized in that when the residual charge of the power battery system (106) is less than a set threshold value, the first-stage power manager (101) sets the demanded output power of the multi-stack fuel cell system (105) to be greater than the demanded power of the load (109), the multi-stack fuel cell system (105) supplies power to the power battery system (106) at the same time as the driving device (107), and the power battery system (106) is in a charging state.
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