CN114023132A - Maintenance training system and method based on digital twins - Google Patents
Maintenance training system and method based on digital twins Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a maintenance training system and method based on digital twins, which relate to the technical field of information application and comprise a theoretical learning subsystem, a digital twins training subsystem, a training and examining subsystem and a twins data subsystem. By fusing theoretical assessment and maintenance training resources and expanding means of maintenance training methods, technical support is provided for improving the maintenance training effect of the heavy vehicle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information application, in particular to a maintenance training system and method based on digital twins.
Background
The virtual maintenance technology is the application of the virtual reality technology in the equipment maintenance process, can break through the limitation of the real installation operation on space and time, and realizes vivid operations of equipment digital twin disassembly and assembly, fault maintenance and the like in a visual virtual maintenance operation environment. The virtual maintenance can effectively verify the correctness of the assembly, the disassembly, the detection and the operation of the equipment; through repeated twin maintenance training, the trainees are promoted to quickly improve the maintenance level, and the method becomes an important informatization means method in the maintenance field.
Under the support of advanced virtual reality technology and strong fund guarantee at home and abroad, the reality degree of virtual maintenance training in the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, military weaponry and the like reaches a very high level, wide feasibility, good benefit and wide application prospect are presented, and a huge information industry chain is formed. However, the existing maintenance training system is not closely combined with the maintenance guarantee training of the first-line vehicle equipment, the structure disassembly and assembly requirements are emphasized, but the training on the maintenance training guarantee link in the actual service process of the equipment is less, and the improvement of the daily maintenance guarantee and the rapid repair capability of the equipment is influenced. Meanwhile, the difficulty that the maintenance tool is difficult to implement detection and the virtual maintenance training process is not in accordance with the actual maintenance process influences the further deepening of the virtual maintenance training.
In recent years, the digital twin technology is a research hotspot for the fusion application of the current information technology and industry. The digital twin technology is typically applied to remote operation and maintenance of products, a sensor is embedded in the product, key operation parameters of the product are collected and transmitted back to a product operation and maintenance center, the state of the product is monitored and predicted in real time by processing and analyzing data, maintenance is organized in time according to the state of the product, and product faults and shutdown risks are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a maintenance training system and a maintenance training method based on digital twins.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a maintenance training system based on digital twins, which comprises a theoretical learning subsystem, a digital twins training subsystem, a training and examining subsystem and a twins data subsystem;
the theoretical learning subsystem comprises a theoretical learning management module and a course management module, and the theoretical learning management module is used for courseware management, teaching material management, material management and statistical analysis; the course management module is used for creating a course, modifying the course, deleting the course and inquiring the course;
the digital twin training subsystem comprises a twin structure disassembly and assembly training module, a principle interaction display module and a twin maintenance training module, wherein the twin structure disassembly and assembly training module is used for selecting a corresponding tool according to disassembly and assembly contents to perform disassembly and assembly training on a target to be repaired; the principle interaction display module is used for interactively displaying the structure and the principle of the target to be maintained; the twin maintenance training module is used for carrying out fault phenomenon reaction on a typical fault preset by the system, selecting a corresponding tool according to the maintenance content of a corresponding fault processing flow and applying the tool for disposal;
the training and examination subsystem comprises an examination management module, an item bank management module, a digital twin training and examination module and a statistical analysis module, wherein the examination management module is used for creating an examination, configuring a test paper, issuing an examination and recording the examination; the question bank management module is used for adding test questions, deleting the test questions, editing the test questions, inquiring the test questions, and importing the test questions and grouping papers in batches; the digital twin training and examining module is used for scoring according to the completion condition of the maintenance training process; the statistical analysis module is used for learning statistics, score statistics and training statistics;
the twin data subsystem comprises a user data management module, a twin model library, a basic scene library, a basic tool library and a situation resource monitoring module, wherein the user data management module is used for score recording and learning recording and has the functions of user management, password modification and authority management; the twin model library comprises a transmission system model, a driving system model, a steering system model, a braking system model, an electric system model and a power system model; the basic scene library comprises an actual factory building and an operation field model; the basic tool library comprises an auxiliary maintenance corollary equipment tool type model; the situation resource monitoring module is used for acquiring real-time monitoring data of the real scene through the situation sensing equipment.
Furthermore, the theory learning subsystem adopts a mode of combining a browser/server and a client/server, and the browser/server is used for learning material resources of the system through a Web browser by students at any time and any place in a network environment capable of accessing the theory learning resource server.
Furthermore, the courseware management supports the input of courseware information to complete the addition, deletion, modification and check of courseware; the teaching material management supports input of teaching material information to complete addition, deletion, check and modification of the teaching material; the material management supports inputting material information to complete the addition, deletion, check and modification of the materials; the statistical analysis supports the statistical analysis of training and learning data of the trainees, and the trainees are statistically displayed in the form of individual or team charts.
Furthermore, the digital twin training subsystem comprises a teaching mode, a practice mode and an assessment mode, and in the teaching mode, the host serves as a teaching host to initiate a teaching mode; in the exercise mode, performing autonomous training and team collaborative training; in the examination mode, each examined single machine receives examination tasks and records the training and examination process, and after the examination is finished, information is stored in the digital twin training and examination module database.
Furthermore, the twin structure disassembly and assembly training module adopts VR, AR, MR, PC or mobile terminal form to perform disassembly and assembly training on the chassis, including a free learning mode, a guide training mode and a training and assessment mode, selects corresponding tools according to disassembly and assembly contents, has the selection and application of various tools, and can perform single training or multi-person collaborative training;
the principle interactive display module adopts a VR, AR, MR, PC or mobile terminal form to use a structure and principle display function, can interactively display the structure and mutual position relation of the whole chassis, subsystems, assemblies and typical parts, and displays the working principle of each system, each assembly and each part of the chassis through interactive three-dimensional animation;
the twin maintenance training module is used for carrying out fault phenomenon reaction on a typical fault preset by the system in a VR (virtual reality), AR (augmented reality), MR (magnetic resonance), PC (personal computer) or mobile terminal mode according to the requirement of a three-level maintenance task of the heavy vehicle, selecting a corresponding tool according to the maintenance content of a corresponding fault processing flow and applying the tool to treat the fault, and can carry out single training and multi-person collaborative training.
Further, the examination creating comprises the steps of inputting an examination name and selecting an examination class, and creating examination information; the step of configuring the test paper comprises selecting the created test paper in the question bank management module to carry out correlation configuration; the examination issuing comprises the steps of selecting examination date, examination paper and examination paper answering duration, and pushing examination information down to a student end after the examination issuing is successful; the examination record comprises all examination information created by the current instructor;
the test question adding support adds test question basic information, wherein the test question basic information comprises question stems, question classification, scores and reference answers; the deletion of the test questions supports deletion of the added test questions; the editing test question supports editing of the added question stem, question classification, score and reference answer of the test question basic information; the query question supports keyword fuzzy query on the test question; the batch import test question support batch import of test questions according to the format of an excel table; the group volume comprises a selected question group volume and a random group volume;
the learning statistics support the statistics of the time points and the curriculum completion conditions of the students; the score statistics supports the inquiry of the examination condition of the student, including the inquiry of specific scores and the statistics condition; the training statistics support the provision of statistical charts for weak links of individual trainees training and team training and weak items of team training.
Furthermore, the score records comprise checking theories, training examination scores and score counting conditions, and score counting dimensions comprise weak links of individual training and weak items of team training; the learning record comprises statistical analysis based on data of the trainees in the statistical analysis module.
Furthermore, the transmission system model is modeled according to a real mechanical structure proportion and comprises a gear module, a gear torque, a gear ratio, an included angle between shafts, an angular speed and a force transmission point; the running system model comprises a frame, an axle and wheels; the steering system model comprises an inner wheel corner parameter, an outer wheel corner parameter, a turning radius parameter, an inter-axle distance parameter, a steering system angle transmission ratio parameter and a steering gear transmission efficiency parameter; the braking system model comprises a hydraulic principle, an air pressure principle and a mechanical principle; the electrical system model comprises a power supply system, a starting system, an ignition system, a lighting system, a signal system and an instrument system; the power system model comprises a fuel system, a cooling system, an air intake and exhaust system and a lubricating system.
Furthermore, the architecture of the system adopts a distributed software system architecture based on a standard simulation network communication architecture DDS; the hardware architecture of the system comprises a computer host, a mobile terminal, a situation awareness device, a VR device, an AR device or an MR device, the computer host, the mobile terminal and the VR device, the AR device or the MR device are used for providing corresponding use and operation interfaces for students, teachers and administrators; the computer host, the mobile terminal, the situation perception device and the VR, AR or MR device adopt a TCP/IP protocol to carry out data transmission to ensure the requirements of a multi-person collaborative training service of digital twin disassembly and assembly training, digital twin maintenance and on-site real state fusion and the real-time monitoring of a teacher end on the training process of a student.
The invention also provides a method for adopting the virtual maintenance training system based on the digital twin, which comprises the following steps:
the student logs in from a student port, learns various maintenance data through a theoretical learning subsystem to complete basic theoretical training, performs structure and principle display learning through a digital twin training subsystem, performs operation skill training in a dynamic simulation and virtual interaction mode, and can check personal training statistics;
the teacher logs in from a teacher port, relevant teaching materials are added to give lessons to the student through the theoretical learning subsystem, meanwhile, the teacher provides a resource management function, the learning material resources are stored, managed, browsed and played, courseware, teaching materials and materials in common formats are uploaded, a test question bank is maintained and updated through the training and assessment subsystem, and statistical data can be obtained;
and the administrator logs in from the administrator port to perform collaborative training management and training monitoring and management of all basic data.
Compared with the prior art, the system comprises a theoretical learning subsystem, a digital twin training subsystem, a training and examining subsystem and a twin data subsystem, and a heavy vehicle chassis maintenance training system comprising a chassis engine, a transmission system, a running system, a braking system, a steering system and an electric system is developed by utilizing a digital twin technology. Meanwhile, a semi-physical training system is built by utilizing a digital twin technology, data such as position, temperature and the like in the actual maintenance process are recorded through virtual reality gloves, sensors and the like, and the fault maintenance process of a physical object is fed back to the digital twin training system, so that the defects that the fault maintenance training of an actual vehicle chassis is less and difficult to reproduce are overcome, maintenance personnel can repeatedly train through the training system, the maintenance technology is improved by polishing, and the teaching requirement and the actual equipment maintenance requirement of the heavy vehicle chassis are met. The basic requirements of 'meeting operation use, meeting inspection, meeting maintenance and general fault removal' of a vehicle are combined, a digital twin technology is adopted on the basis of basic maintenance of a typical heavy vehicle, operation skill training such as daily inspection, maintenance and maintenance contents, steps, process requirements and the like of subsystems and important assemblies of the heavy vehicle is developed by fusing theoretical inspection and maintenance training resources and performing distributed situation perception in a dynamic simulation and interaction mode according to daily inspection and maintenance specifications, and a maintenance training method means is expanded by fusing the theoretical inspection and maintenance training resources, so that technical support is provided for improving the maintenance training effect of the heavy vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a hardware architecture diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and specific examples in the specification, and it should be understood that the examples described are only a part of the examples of the present application, and not all examples. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The invention provides a maintenance training system based on digital twins, particularly a typical heavy vehicle false and false maintenance training and assessment integrated system is constructed by combining vehicle maintenance guarantee requirements aiming at virtual maintenance training of a heavy vehicle chassis, and the problem of inconsistent maintenance training and assessment can be effectively solved. Meanwhile, the method can be popularized to the maintenance guarantee training time of other types of vehicles at the base level. Referring to fig. 1, the system mainly includes a theoretical learning subsystem, a digital twin training subsystem, a training and assessing subsystem and a twin data subsystem.
The theoretical learning subsystem is composed of a theoretical learning management module and a course management module. The browser/service end is used for learning the learning material resources of the system through the Web browser at any time and any place under the network environment of the server capable of accessing the theoretical learning resources by a student.
The theoretical learning management module mainly comprises courseware management, teaching material management, material management and statistical analysis.
Courseware management supports inputting courseware names, courseware introduction and other information to complete adding, deleting, changing and checking courseware.
And the teaching material management supports inputting of information such as teaching material names and teaching material introduction to complete the addition, deletion, check and modification of the teaching materials.
And material management, which supports inputting information such as material names, material introduction and the like to complete the addition, deletion, check and modification of the materials.
And statistical analysis, namely supporting the statistical analysis of training and learning data of the students, and performing statistical display on the students in the form of individual or team charts, wherein the statistical display includes student time score statistics, student course completion condition statistics and the like.
The course management module mainly comprises a new course, a modified course, a deleted course and a course query.
And (4) creating a course, and supporting the input of the course name, the course introduction, the teaching content, the learning class and the like to complete the creation of the course. The association with courseware, teaching materials and materials in learning management is realized in the teaching content.
And modifying the course, and supporting modification of the established course basic information.
And deleting the course, and supporting the function of deleting the established course.
Course inquiry supports the inquiry of established courses according to information such as course names, teaching contents, learning class hours and the like.
The digital twin training subsystem consists of a twin structure dismounting training module, a principle interaction display module, a twin maintenance training module and a twin maintenance and examination module. The main functions comprise teaching, practice and assessment modes. In the teaching mode, the host is used as a teaching host to initiate a teaching mode; in the exercise mode, autonomous training and team collaborative training are performed. In the examination mode, each examined single machine receives examination tasks and records the training and examination process, and after the examination is finished, information is stored in the twin maintenance and examination module database.
The twin structure disassembly and assembly training module is used for performing disassembly and assembly training on the chassis in VR and PC forms, is composed of a free learning mode, a guide training mode and a training and assessment mode, selects corresponding tools according to disassembly and assembly contents, has the selection and application of various tools, and can perform single training and multi-person collaborative training.
The principle interaction display module uses the structure and principle display function in the forms of VR, PC and mobile terminal, and can interactively and clearly and flexibly display the structure and mutual position relation of the whole chassis, the subsystems, the assemblies and the typical parts; and clearly showing the working principle of each system, each assembly and each part of the chassis through the interactive three-dimensional animation.
And the twin maintenance training module is used for carrying out fault phenomenon reaction on a typical fault preset by the system in forms of VR, PC and the like according to the requirement of a three-level maintenance task of the heavy vehicle, and selecting a corresponding tool according to the maintenance content of a corresponding fault processing flow and applying the tool for disposal. Meanwhile, a semi-physical training system is built by utilizing a digital twin technology, data such as displacement, temperature and the like in the actual maintenance process are recorded through virtual reality gloves, sensors and the like, the actual fault maintenance process is fed back to the digital twin training system, a fault library of a twin maintenance training module is enriched, and the verisimilitude of a fault model is improved. The defect that the actual vehicle chassis fault maintenance training is less and is difficult to reproduce is overcome, maintenance personnel can repeatedly train the same fault through the training system, and the maintenance technology is improved by polishing. And support single-person training and multi-person collaborative training.
The training and assessing subsystem consists of an examination management module, an item bank management module, a digital twin training and assessing module and a statistical analysis module.
Wherein: the examination management module mainly comprises examination creation, examination paper configuration, examination release and examination record.
And (4) creating the examination, inputting the name of the examination, selecting the class of the examination and finishing the creation of the examination information.
And configuring the test paper, and selecting the test paper which is created in the question bank management for correlation configuration.
The examination information can be pushed down to the student end after the examination is successfully issued by selecting examination date, examination paper answering time and the like.
And (4) recording the examination, and checking all examination information created by the current instructor.
The question bank management module mainly comprises the steps of adding test questions, deleting the test questions, editing the test questions, inquiring the test questions, importing the test questions in batch and forming papers.
And adding test questions, wherein the test questions are added in a supporting manner, and basic information of the test questions comprises question stems, question classification, scores, reference answers and the like.
And deleting the test questions, and supporting deletion of the added test questions.
Editing the test questions, and supporting editing of basic information of the added test questions, including question stems, question classification, scores and reference answers.
And inquiring the test questions, and supporting keyword fuzzy inquiry on the test questions.
And (4) batch import of test questions, wherein the system supports batch import of the test questions according to the format of an excel table.
And the group volumes comprise a topic selection group volume and a random group volume.
And the digital twin training and assessment module is mainly used for scoring according to the completion condition of the maintenance training process.
And the statistical analysis module comprises learning statistics, achievement statistics and training statistics.
The learning statistics supports the functions of student hour and school score statistics, student course completion condition statistics and the like.
And score statistics, which supports the inquiry of examination conditions of students and comprises specific score inquiry and statistical conditions.
Training statistics, weak links supporting training of single trainees and team training, weak items of team training and statistical charts are provided.
And the twin data subsystem consists of user data management, a twin model library, a basic scene library, a basic tool library and situation resource monitoring. The twin data subsystem is a support of the whole application system, and the system provides the functions of learning, training and checking data management for users and users.
The user data management comprises score recording and learning recording and has the functions of user management, password modification and authority management.
And recording the scores, and checking theories, training examination scores and score statistics. The score statistical dimension comprises weak links of individual training and weak items of team training.
The learning records can be subjected to statistical analysis based on the data of the student of the statistical analysis module, including the statistics of the student's score in the learning process, the statistics of the student's course completion and the like.
The twin model library mainly comprises a transmission system model, a driving system model, a steering system model, a braking system model, an electric system model and a power system model.
The transmission system model is modeled according to the real mechanical structure proportion, mainly comprises the module, the torque, the transmission ratio, the included angle between shafts, the angular speed and the force transmission point of the gear, and lays a foundation for simulation.
The driving system model mainly comprises a frame, an axle and wheels, and mainly protrudes out of the main structure of the frame to reduce pressure for system display.
The steering system model mainly comprises an inner wheel corner parameter, an outer wheel corner parameter, a turning radius parameter, an axle spacing parameter, a steering system angle transmission ratio parameter and a steering gear transmission efficiency parameter, and lays a foundation for simulation display.
The braking system model mainly comprises a hydraulic principle, a pneumatic principle and a mechanical principle.
The electric system comprises a power supply system, a starting system, an ignition system, a lighting system, a signal system and an instrument system, adopts an end-to-end wiring mode, and integrally shows the working principle.
The power system mainly comprises a fuel oil system, a cooling system, an air intake and exhaust system and a lubricating system, the internal structure is completely reproduced, and a foundation is laid for the manufacture of the working principle.
The basic scene library mainly comprises an actual factory building and an operation field model;
the basic tool library comprises a tool type model of auxiliary maintenance corollary equipment.
The situation resource monitoring module mainly comprises a situation sensing device for acquiring real-time monitoring data of vehicle chassis maintenance real scenes, such as: document, audio, video, special effect and other resource materials.
Referring to fig. 2, the software architecture of the maintenance training system based on the digital twin adopts a distributed software architecture design based on a standard simulation network communication architecture DDS. The equipment archive database, the maintenance flow library, the application operation flow library, the fault and handling flow library and the chassis simulation logic engine form an application support module, application operation rules, maintenance rules, fault handling rules and the like are written into the corresponding flow libraries through corresponding flow editors, the application operation flow library, the maintenance flow library, the fault and handling flow library enter a state machine, the 3D equipment model is driven by the state machine, meanwhile, the chassis simulation logic engine conducts processing flow guidance and interactive training through three-dimensional flow solution, interactive display is achieved, equipment cognitive learning is conducted, and operation tasks, maintenance work and fault handling are completed. And the equipment archive database is used for acquiring the equipment state of the 3D equipment model, so that equipment archive maintenance is completed.
Referring to fig. 3, the hardware architecture of the maintenance training system based on the digital twin mainly comprises devices used by trainees for simulating training, including a PC computer host, a mobile terminal and a situation awareness device, and VR, AR or MR devices, and is used for providing corresponding use and operation interfaces for trainees, teachers and administrators. The mobile terminal may be a smartphone, PAD, etc. VR, AR or MR equipment, situation perception equipment and PC terminal equipment adopt a TCP/IP protocol to carry out real-time and efficient data transmission to ensure the requirements of a multi-person collaborative training service of digital twin disassembly and assembly training, digital twin virtual maintenance and on-site real state fusion and the real-time monitoring of a teacher end on the training process of a student. The server comprises a data server and an application server, wherein the data server is a data management subsystem and is used for storing and managing various data, carrying out FTP service, checking data recording and analysis, recording information of users and the like. The application server is a training management and teaching end and is used for user management, theoretical learning and examination management, virtual training and principle display management, assessment, data analysis and the like. The personal PC, the mobile PC, the browser, the VR, the AR or MR equipment, the tablet and other mobile terminals are training terminals and are used for theoretical learning and examination, virtual structure disassembly and assembly, interaction principle display, virtual maintenance training, virtual training examination and the like.
The maintenance training method based on the digital twin mainly comprises the following operation steps:
step 1: user login: the method comprises the steps of dividing the method into a student, a teacher and an administrator, respectively inputting the address of a server where the system is located in an address bar of an IE browser, and displaying a login page of the system after outputting.
And (4) learning various maintenance data at a student port through a theoretical learning module to complete basic theoretical training. The forms of autonomous learning include a maintenance manual, a teaching video and a lecture PPT.
Step 2: twin maintenance training: the twin structure disassembly and assembly training module has a complex chassis model structure, and the principle form mainly covers the mechanical principle, the hydraulic principle and the electrical principle of a heavy vehicle and mainly adopts a display mode.
The main functions of twin repair training include: simulation operation, knowledge point learning, step prompting, attention, error prompting, operation prompting, accuracy, training duration, error detailed information and the like.
Twin maintenance: related contents are set mainly aiming at general faults in basic maintenance support, and operation skill training such as contents, steps, process requirements and the like of daily inspection, maintenance and maintenance of each subsystem and an important assembly of a heavy vehicle is carried out in a dynamic simulation and interaction mode according to daily inspection and maintenance specifications. The method mainly comprises the steps of replacing oil and a wearing part, emphasizing the use of training operation flow, technical specifications and special tools, providing the maintenance training content of twin in fault handling, and establishing an interactive training scheme.
The student end views the personal training statistics in the user data center.
And step 3: and (5) evaluation of twin maintenance training.
The teacher logs in from the teacher port, relevant teaching materials can be added to give lessons to the teacher through the theoretical learning subsystem, meanwhile, a resource management function is provided for the teacher, the learning material resources in the forms of characters, pictures, videos, animations and the like can be stored, managed, browsed and played, courseware, teaching materials and materials in common formats can be uploaded, a test database is maintained and updated, and statistical data can be obtained.
The administrator and the coach log in from the administrator port, can perform cooperative training management and training monitoring, and can also perform management of all basic data.
The invention constructs a typical heavy vehicle false-false maintenance training and examination integrated system by combining the training outline and the base level maintenance guarantee requirements, and can effectively solve the problem of inconsistent maintenance training and examination. According to daily inspection and maintenance specifications, distributed situation perception is carried out through a dynamic simulation and virtual interaction mode, and operation skill training such as daily inspection, maintenance and maintenance contents, steps, process requirements and the like of each subsystem and an important assembly of the heavy vehicle is carried out. By fusing theoretical assessment and maintenance training resources and expanding means of maintenance training methods, technical support is provided for improving the maintenance training effect of the heavy vehicle. Meanwhile, the method can be popularized to the maintenance guarantee training time of other types of vehicles at the base level.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A maintenance training system based on digital twins is characterized by comprising a theoretical learning subsystem, a digital twins training subsystem, a training and examining subsystem and a twins data subsystem;
the theoretical learning subsystem comprises a theoretical learning management module and a course management module, and the theoretical learning management module is used for courseware management, teaching material management, material management and statistical analysis; the course management module is used for creating a course, modifying the course, deleting the course and inquiring the course;
the digital twin training subsystem comprises a twin structure disassembly and assembly training module, a principle interaction display module and a twin maintenance training module, wherein the twin structure disassembly and assembly training module is used for selecting a corresponding tool according to disassembly and assembly contents to perform disassembly and assembly training on a target to be repaired; the principle interaction display module is used for interactively displaying the structure and the principle of the target to be maintained; the twin maintenance training module is used for carrying out fault phenomenon reaction on a typical fault preset by the system, selecting a corresponding tool according to the maintenance content of a corresponding fault processing flow and applying the tool for disposal;
the training and examination subsystem comprises an examination management module, an item bank management module, a digital twin training and examination module and a statistical analysis module, wherein the examination management module is used for creating an examination, configuring a test paper, issuing an examination and recording the examination; the question bank management module is used for adding test questions, deleting the test questions, editing the test questions, inquiring the test questions, and importing the test questions and grouping papers in batches; the digital twin training and examining module is used for scoring according to the completion condition of the maintenance training process; the statistical analysis module is used for learning statistics, score statistics and training statistics;
the twin data subsystem comprises a user data management module, a twin model library, a basic scene library, a basic tool library and a situation resource monitoring module, wherein the user data management module is used for score recording and learning recording and has the functions of user management, password modification and authority management; the twin model library comprises a transmission system model, a driving system model, a steering system model, a braking system model, an electric system model and a power system model; the basic scene library comprises an actual factory building and an operation field model; the basic tool library comprises an auxiliary maintenance corollary equipment tool type model; the situation resource monitoring module is used for acquiring real-time monitoring data of the real scene through the situation sensing equipment.
2. The maintenance training system based on digital twin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the theoretical learning subsystem adopts a combination mode of a browser/server and a client/server, and the browser/server is used for learning material resources of the system through a Web browser by a student at any time and any place in a network environment with an available access to a theoretical learning resource server.
3. The digital twin-based repair training system of claim 2, wherein the courseware management supports input of courseware information to accomplish the addition, deletion, modification and check of courseware; the teaching material management supports input of teaching material information to complete addition, deletion, check and modification of the teaching material; the material management supports inputting material information to complete the addition, deletion, check and modification of the materials; the statistical analysis supports the statistical analysis of training and learning data of the trainees, and the trainees are statistically displayed in the form of individual or team charts.
4. The maintenance training system based on the digital twin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digital twin training subsystem comprises teaching, practicing and assessing modes, in the teaching mode, the host computer is used as a teaching host computer to initiate a teaching mode; in the exercise mode, performing autonomous training and team collaborative training; in the examination mode, each examined single machine receives examination tasks and records the training and examination process, and after the examination is finished, information is stored in the digital twin training and examination module database.
5. The maintenance training system based on the digital twin as claimed in claim 4, wherein the twin structure disassembly and assembly training module adopts VR, AR, MR, PC or mobile terminal form to perform disassembly and assembly training on the chassis, including free learning mode, guidance training mode and training assessment mode, selects corresponding tools according to disassembly and assembly contents, has selection and application of multiple tools, and can perform single training or multi-person collaborative training;
the principle interactive display module adopts a VR, AR, MR, PC or mobile terminal form to use a structure and principle display function, can interactively display the structure and mutual position relation of the whole chassis, subsystems, assemblies and typical parts, and displays the working principle of each system, each assembly and each part of the chassis through interactive three-dimensional animation;
the twin maintenance training module is used for carrying out fault phenomenon reaction on a typical fault preset by the system in a VR (virtual reality), AR (augmented reality), MR (magnetic resonance), PC (personal computer) or mobile terminal mode according to the requirement of a three-level maintenance task of the heavy vehicle, selecting a corresponding tool according to the maintenance content of a corresponding fault processing flow and applying the tool to treat the fault, and can carry out single training and multi-person collaborative training.
6. A digital twin-based repair training system according to claim 1, wherein the creation of the test includes inputting a test name and selecting a test class, completing the creation of test information; the step of configuring the test paper comprises selecting the created test paper in the question bank management module to carry out correlation configuration; the examination issuing comprises the steps of selecting examination date, examination paper and examination paper answering duration, and pushing examination information down to a student end after the examination issuing is successful; the examination record comprises all examination information created by the current instructor;
the test question adding support adds test question basic information, wherein the test question basic information comprises question stems, question classification, scores and reference answers; the deletion of the test questions supports deletion of the added test questions; the editing test question supports editing of the added question stem, question classification, score and reference answer of the test question basic information; the query question supports keyword fuzzy query on the test question; the batch import test question support batch import of test questions according to the format of an excel table; the group volume comprises a selected question group volume and a random group volume;
the learning statistics support the statistics of the time points and the curriculum completion conditions of the students; the score statistics supports the inquiry of the examination condition of the student, including the inquiry of specific scores and the statistics condition; the training statistics support the provision of statistical charts for weak links of individual trainees training and team training and weak items of team training.
7. The maintenance training system based on the digital twin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the score records include viewing theory, training examination scores and score statistics, and the score statistics dimensions include weak links of individual training and weak items of team training; the learning record comprises statistical analysis based on data of the trainees in the statistical analysis module.
8. The digital twin-based maintenance training system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transmission system model is modeled according to real mechanical structure proportions, including gear modulus, torque, transmission ratio, inter-shaft angle, angular velocity and force transfer point; the running system model comprises a frame, an axle and wheels; the steering system model comprises an inner wheel corner parameter, an outer wheel corner parameter, a turning radius parameter, an inter-axle distance parameter, a steering system angle transmission ratio parameter and a steering gear transmission efficiency parameter; the braking system model comprises a hydraulic principle, an air pressure principle and a mechanical principle; the electrical system model comprises a power supply system, a starting system, an ignition system, a lighting system, a signal system and an instrument system; the power system model comprises a fuel system, a cooling system, an air intake and exhaust system and a lubricating system.
9. The maintenance training system based on digital twin as claimed in claim 1, wherein the architecture of the system adopts a distributed software architecture based on a standard simulation network communication architecture (DDS); the hardware architecture of the system comprises a computer host, a mobile terminal, a situation awareness device, a VR device, an AR device or an MR device, the computer host, the mobile terminal and the VR device, the AR device or the MR device are used for providing corresponding use and operation interfaces for students, teachers and administrators; the computer host, the mobile terminal, the situation perception device and the VR, AR or MR device adopt a TCP/IP protocol to carry out data transmission to ensure the requirements of a multi-person collaborative training service of digital twin disassembly and assembly training, digital twin virtual maintenance and on-site real state fusion and the real-time monitoring of a teacher end on the training process of a student.
10. A method of using the digital twin based repair training system of any of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
the student logs in from a student port, learns various maintenance data through a theoretical learning subsystem to complete basic theoretical training, performs structure and principle display learning through a digital twin training subsystem, performs operation skill training in a dynamic simulation and virtual interaction mode, and can check personal training statistics;
the teacher logs in from a teacher port, relevant teaching materials are added to give lessons to the student through the theoretical learning subsystem, meanwhile, the teacher provides a resource management function, the learning material resources are stored, managed, browsed and played, courseware, teaching materials and materials in common formats are uploaded, a test question bank is maintained and updated through the training and assessment subsystem, and statistical data can be obtained;
and the administrator logs in from the administrator port to perform collaborative training management and training monitoring and management of all basic data.
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