CN114019462A - Method for improving low interception performance and anti-interference performance of radar - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving low interception performance and anti-interference performance of a radar, which comprises the steps of constructing a frequency agile transmission signal, carrying out pulse compression processing on a received signal in a butt joint mode, carrying out frequency agile signal phase cancellation processing and frequency agile signal detection fusion processing, wherein the method utilizes pairwise conjugate multiplication of adjacent target echoes after pulse pressure to change a phase interference item coupled with the number of transmission pulses, transmission pulse time, target distance and speed in the echo signal into a constant phase item, so that coherent processing and target detection can be realized, and the adaptability of an algorithm is improved; meanwhile, the method can realize coherent processing of echo matrixes of two frequency agility models, can realize fusion detection on detection results of the echo matrixes, and improves the anti-interference performance and adaptability of a signal processing algorithm. The method is suitable for low, medium and high repetition frequency modes and has good expansibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar anti-interference, in particular to a method for improving low interception performance and anti-interference performance of a radar.
Background
Along with the development of the radar technology, the radar interference technology also realizes qualitative leap, gradually develops from the traditional rough interference mode to the distributed interference mode, the smart interference mode, the composite interference mode and the self-adaptive interference mode, and brings great harm to the radar.
In view of the real threat brought to the radar by the development of the interference technology, since the birth of the radar, research on the radar anti-interference technology has not been stopped, and specifically, a space domain anti-interference measure, a frequency anti-interference measure, a signal processing domain anti-interference measure and the like exist. In recent years, under the actual promotion that interference and a target environment are increasingly complex, radar anti-interference technology is greatly improved, and typical technologies comprise a novel ultra-low sidelobe antenna technology, a digital beam forming technology, a blind source separation technology, a signal random agility technology and the like. The frequency agility is an active anti-interference measure, and through actively converting the transmitting frequency, the interference perception and the interference decision difficulty are increased, so that the chance of interference entering a radar is reduced, or the interference energy entering the radar is reduced, and the purpose of active anti-interference through the frequency agility is achieved. The frequency agility is divided into pulses or groups of pulses randomly agile radar. The pulse group agility radar still has the pulse group working characteristics, is still easy to be detected and interfered, and has limited anti-interference effect improvement. The inter-pulse random frequency radar improves the low interception performance and anti-interference performance of the radar due to random frequency agility, but the relative motion and agile frequency between the target and the radar can cause the radar echo signal to have the problem of frequency and target distance and speed coupling, so that the traditional coherent processing algorithm is not applicable any more, and the application of the inter-pulse random frequency agility technology in the radar is challenged. For the problem, the existing documents mostly adopt a high repetition frequency stepping technology, and utilize the same frequency pulse sequence to perform coherent processing and frequency stepping signals to obtain distance high resolution signals, or perform compensation of target speed and frequency coupling terms by a speed estimation method, and these methods mostly ignore the influence of the distance and frequency coupling terms on coherent processing performance, or perform coupling of speed, distance and the like according to distance units only under the condition of realizing distance high resolution. The method needs to work in a high repetition frequency mode, and needs to acquire a high-resolution range profile of a target at first to realize the coupling compensation of speed, range and frequency, and has the serious problems of range ambiguity and range occlusion, so that the method has large limitation, and the practical application of the related technology in the radar is restricted by the factors.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for improving the low interception performance and the interference resistance of a radar.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for improving low interception performance and anti-interference performance of a radar, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a frequency agile transmitting signal;
the frequency agile signal adopts the LFM signal form in the pulse, and the center frequency of the LFM signal with different transmission periods is according toThe method is changed in an agile way, wherein,;;is a rounding operation to zero;is a center frequency of frequency agility;
the stepping frequency agile signal works at equal pulse repetition intervals, under the condition of neglecting the influence of amplitudeThe expression of each transmitting signal is as follows:
wherein,is the intra-pulse frequency modulation slope;is a frequency step interval;pulse width for transmitting signal;;is the total time;is a slow time;the time is fast;a pulse repetition period for the transmitted signal;
s2, carrying out pulse compression processing on the received echo signal
S201, constructing a radar echo signal:
for the firstA frequency-agile transmitting pulse and distanceThe expression of the echo of the moving target is as follows:
wherein,the target distance at the moment of time is;Is the target initial distance;is the target speed;is the speed of light;the coherent processing time;
s202, after the received radar echo data is subjected to pulse compression processing, the obtained pulse pressure echo signal is as follows:
wherein,;is the speed of light;is the transmission signal bandwidth;receiving the serial number of the echo signal;
wherein, frequency is convertedDistance toCoupled phase term ofThe frequency-agile and speed-dependent coupled phase term isThe coupling term is related to the number of emitted pulses or time and is not a constant term;
the above-mentionedAnd saidTherefore, the radar signal phase does not have the linear phase characteristic, and the radar signal phase can be compatible with the radar coherent processing technology only by carrying out cancellation or suppression processing on the radar signal phase.
Further, still include:
s3, frequency agile signal phase cancellation processing:
s301, constructing a frequency agile echo matrix;
because the frequency agility mode is odd-even sequence coherent step agility, in order to realize coherent processing, two echo matrixes are constructed for the frequency agility echo signals after pulse compression processing, and the two echo matrixes are respectively odd sequence echo matrixes formed by odd sequence step frequency signalsEven-numbered sequence echo matrix formed by even-numbered sequence step frequency signals;
Wherein,counting the number of points after pulse pressure processing for each echo signal;the number of pulses of the odd-numbered sequence echo matrix,the number of pulses of the even sequence echo matrix.
Further, the S3 further includes:
s302, for the odd-numbered sequence echo matrix after pulse pressure processingThe data after pulse pressure processing will beAndand (3) carrying out conjugate multiplication on the echo signals of two adjacent odd-numbered sequences to obtain a new echo signal:;
According to the formula, the compound has the advantages of,andis a constant term independent of time, and has no influence onPerforming coherent processing;is time of dayA linear term of (d);
s303, for the even number sequence after the pulse pressure processingWave matrixThe data after pulse pressure processing will beAndtwo adjacent even number sequence echo signals are multiplied in a conjugate mode to obtain a new echo signal,
according to the formula, the compound has the advantages of,andis a constant term independent of time, and has no influence onPerforming coherent processing;is time of dayThe linear term of (c).
Further, still include:
s4 frequency agile signal detection fusion processing
In signal processing, a new odd-numbered sequence echo matrix is obtained through phase cancellation processingAnd a new even sequence echo matrixPerforming coherent detection processing such as clutter suppression and CFAR detection respectively to obtain a target detection result;
when the radar is not subject to interference, the new odd sequence echo matrixAnd said new even sequence echo matrixThe detection result is subjected to non-phase of 1/2 criterionAccumulating ginseng;
when the radar is interfered, selecting the new odd sequence echo matrix which is not interferedOr the new even sequence echo matrixAnd outputting a detection result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, two-by-two conjugate multiplication of adjacent target echoes after pulse pressure is utilized, so that phase interference terms coupled with the number of transmitted pulses, the time of transmitted pulses, the target distance and the speed in echo signals are changed into constant phase terms, further coherent processing and target detection can be realized, and the adaptability of an algorithm is improved; meanwhile, the method can realize coherent processing of echo matrixes of two frequency agility models, can realize fusion detection on detection results of the echo matrixes, and improves the anti-interference performance and adaptability of a signal processing algorithm. The method is suitable for low, medium and high repetition frequency modes and has good expansibility.
The method can be suitable for the coherent processing of the radar signals in the conventional step frequency mode, and can also be popularized to the coherent processing when more step frequency coherent differences are agile.
The problems of high difficulty in compensating the coupling error of the frequency stepping radar, distance blurring and serious distance shielding in a high repetition frequency mode are solved, and the method has good expansibility.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving low interception and interference immunity of a radar;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the frequency agile signal fusion process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of step-by-step frequency agility;
FIG. 4 is a simulation result of echo signal pulse pressure and MTD processing without phase cancellation processing according to an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a simulation result of echo signal pulse pressure and MTD processing after cancellation processing according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for improving low interception and interference immunity of a radar includes the following steps:
s1, constructing a frequency agile transmitting signal;
the frequency agile signal adopts the LFM signal form in the pulse, and the center frequency of the LFM signal with different transmission periods is according toThe method is changed in an agile way, wherein,;;is a rounding operation to zero;is a center frequency of frequency agility;
the stepping frequency agile signal works at equal pulse repetition intervals, under the condition of neglecting the influence of amplitudeThe expression of each transmitting signal is as follows:
wherein,is the intra-pulse frequency modulation slope;is a frequency step interval;pulse width for transmitting signal;;is the total time;is a slow time;the time is fast;a pulse repetition period for the transmitted signal;
LFM signals are adopted in the constructed frequency agile radar signal pulse, the pulse width is the same, the bandwidth is the same, and the center frequency between pulses changes rapidly and pseudo randomly. The agility among the pulses of the radar transmitting signal frequency can increase the difficulty of reconnaissance, interception, sorting and identification, and improve the complexity of interference decision, so that the interference is difficult to accurately aim at the radar frequency in real time to implement narrow-band interference, or the interference power density is forced to be reduced to implement interference in a wide frequency band, and even effective interference cannot be released in real time.
Therefore, inter-pulse frequency agility is an important technical and tactical means for improving the anti-interference performance of the radar, but the radar transmits inter-pulse frequency agility waveforms, so that the existing coherent processing technology cannot be compatible, the target detection performance is reduced, and the clutter suppression function fails. Therefore, the radar frequency agility waveform must be matched or adapted to the agility coherent processing method, so that the purpose of compatibility of radar signal frequency agility and coherent processing is achieved, and the radar detection performance and the adaptability to the environment are improved.
The frequency agile signal constructed in the step is transmitted in odd numberThe signal center frequencies of the pulse sequence and the even number transmission pulse sequence are respectively stepped、Agility, the technical scheme is constructed based on a radar anti-interference method of frequency stepping coherent processing in a matching mode.
Referring to FIG. 3, the frequency agile mode, odd sequence transmit pulses (e.g., in a burst moden=1, 3, 5..) inter-pulse frequency by frequency intervalStep-by-step agile, even-order sequence transmit pulses (e.g. forn=2, 4, 6..) inter-pulse frequency by frequency intervalThe stepping agility is carried out in a staggered mode, so that the random characteristic of frequency agility is increased, and the low interception of radar signals is improved.
S2, carrying out pulse compression processing on the received echo signal
S201, constructing a radar echo signal:
for the firstA frequency-agile transmitting pulse and distanceThe expression of the echo of the moving target is as follows:
wherein,the target distance at the moment of time is;Is the target initial distance;is the target speed;is the speed of light;the coherent processing time.
S202, after performing pulse compression processing (pulse pressure processing) on the received radar echo data, obtaining a pulse pressure echo signal as follows:
wherein,;is the speed of light;is the transmission signal bandwidth;receiving the serial number of the echo signal;
wherein, frequency is convertedDistance toCoupled phase term ofThe frequency-agile and speed-dependent coupled phase term isThe coupling term is related to the number of emitted pulses or time and is not a constant term;
the above-mentionedAnd saidTherefore, the radar signal phase does not have the linear phase characteristic, and the radar signal phase can be compatible with the radar coherent processing technology only by carrying out cancellation or suppression processing on the radar signal phase.
The method utilizes an echo matrix formed by odd and even sequences after pulse pressure to realize phase cancellation processing by multiplying adjacent target echoes pairwise, eliminates coupling phase interference items of frequency, distance and speed, and utilizes the echo matrix after the phase cancellation preprocessing to carry out coherent processing and target detection, thereby solving the influence of the coupling of the frequency of frequency agility and the distance and speed of the target on the coherent processing of the radar and improving the adaptability of the algorithm.
Also comprises the following steps of (1) preparing,
s3, frequency agile signal phase cancellation processing:
s301, constructing a frequency agile echo matrix;
because the frequency agility mode is odd-even sequence coherent step agility, in order to realize coherent processing, two echo matrixes are constructed for the frequency agility echo signals after pulse compression processing, and the two echo matrixes are respectively odd sequence echo matrixes formed by odd sequence step frequency signalsEven-numbered sequence echo matrix formed by even-numbered sequence step frequency signals;
Wherein,counting the number of points after pulse pressure processing for each echo signal;the number of pulses of the odd-numbered sequence echo matrix,the number of pulses of an even number sequence echo matrix;
through the frequency agility model, the odd-even sequence of the frequency agility model is changed in a stepping and agile mode according to the difference of the respective frequency intervals. Thereby constructing an odd-sequence echo matrix formed by odd-sequence step frequency signalsEven-numbered sequence echo matrix formed by even-numbered sequence step frequency signalsTwo echo matrices.
Through the processing, all the pulse-pressure echo signals are divided into two parts, namely an echo matrixAndwhereinFor transmitting signals at intervals of frequencyA step-frequency echo matrix that is step-agile,for transmitting signals at intervals of frequencyThe step frequency echo matrix with step agility can respectively inhibit frequency, distance and speed coupling interference items existing in the phase of an echo signal by adopting phase cancellation processing for the echo signal with step frequency characteristics, so that the echo signal with step frequency characteristics has coherent processing capability.
The inter-pulse frequency agility mode of the staggered stepping agility radar is designed, a foundation is laid for subsequent frequency, distance and speed coupling solution, and meanwhile the low interception performance of radar signals is greatly improved.
The S3 further includes:
s302, for the odd-numbered sequence echo matrix after pulse pressure processingAfter pulse pressure treatmentData, will beAndand (3) carrying out conjugate multiplication on the echo signals of two adjacent odd-numbered sequences to obtain a new echo signal:;
According to the formula, the compound has the advantages of,andis a constant term independent of time, and has no influence onPerforming coherent processing;is time of dayThe linear term of (c).
Visible, pulse-pressure processed odd-number sequence echo matrixThen will be firstAndconjugate multiplication of two adjacent odd-numbered sequence echo signals, i.e.To obtain a new odd-sequence echo matrixOnly constant terms and time-dependent linear terms are reserved in the phase terms, the frequency, distance and speed coupling interference terms are eliminated, the tight coupling processing among speed, distance and frequency is realized, and the following process is compatibleAnd performing isoparametric treatment on MTI, MTD or PD.
S303, for the even-numbered sequence echo matrix after pulse pressure processingThe data after pulse pressure processing will beAndtwo adjacent even number sequence echo signals are multiplied in a conjugate mode to obtain a new echo signal,
according to the formula, the compound has the advantages of,andis a constant term independent of time, and has no influence onPerforming coherent processing;is time of dayThe linear term of (c).
Visible even number sequence echo matrix after pulse pressure processingThen will be firstAndconjugate multiplication of two adjacent odd-numbered sequence echo signals, i.e.To obtain a new even sequence echo matrixIn which phase terms, again only constant terms and time-dependent linear terms are retained, the aforementioned frequenciesDistance and speed coupling interference items are eliminated, tight coupling processing among speed, distance and frequency is achieved, and follow-up MTI, MTD or PD and other coherent processing can be compatible.
Echo matrixes of different step frequency modes and echo matrixes after phase cancellation are constructed, and the anti-interference performance and adaptability of a signal processing algorithm are improved through fusion detection of different echo matrixes.
S4, detecting and fusing the agile frequency signals, please refer to fig. 2;
in signal processing, a new odd-numbered sequence echo matrix is obtained through phase cancellation processingAnd a new even sequence echo matrixPerforming coherent detection processing such as clutter suppression, MTD (maximum likelihood detection), CFAR (computational fluid dynamics) detection and the like respectively to obtain a target detection result;
that is, in signal processing, a new odd-numbered sequence echo matrix obtained by phase cancellation processing is appliedAnd a new even sequence echo matrixRespectively carrying out coherent detection processing; after processing such as clutter suppression and constant false alarm detection is finished, a detection result 0 or 1 is obtained respectively (0 represents no target, and 1 represents a target).
When the radar is not subject to interference, the new odd sequence echo matrixAnd a new even sequence echo matrixCarrying out 1/2 non-coherent accumulation on the detection result;
namely, it isOrIf one of the targets is detected, judging that the target exists; the false alarm rate is reduced and the detection probability is improved;
when the radar is interfered, the odd sequence echo matrix which is not interfered is selectedOr the even-numbered sequence echo matrixAnd outputting a detection result. So as to improve the anti-interference performance and effect.
The first embodiment is as follows:
setting the parameters of the frequency agile signal as follows:,transmitting a linear frequency-modulated signal with a number of coherent pulses ofThe repetition frequency is 200Hz (i.e.) Pulse width of signal=Bandwidth, bandwidth=2 MHz; then the frequency of the frequency agile signal is constructed to be 3150MHz and 3170MH in sequence according to the S1z, 3140MHz, 3180MHz, 3130MHz, 3190MHz, 3120MHz, 3200MHz, 3110MHz, 3210MHz, 3100MHz, 3220MHz, 3090MHz, 3230MHz, 3080MHz, 3240MHz, 3070MHz, 3250MHz, the corresponding odd-numbered sequence transmitting signal frequency is: 3150MHz, 3140MHz, 3130MHz, 3120MHz, 3110MHz, 3100MHz, 3090MHz, 3080MHz, and 3070 MHz;
the corresponding even-numbered sequence emission signal frequency is as follows in sequence: 3170MHz, 3180MHz, 3190MHz, 3200MHz, 3210MHz, 3220MHz, 3230MHz, 3240MHz and 3250 MHz.
Set target radial velocity=182m/s, initial distance=178 km. After the radar echo signals are subjected to pulse compression processing and MTD coherent processing, the range-Doppler processing results of all 18 echo signals are obtained, as shown in FIG. 4, and due to the influence of frequency agility, the target Doppler frequency value is spread to [ -100Hz,100Hz in the frequency domain]I.e. coherent accumulation of the frequency domain is not achieved.
According to S3, after pulse pressure processing is completed on the received 18 echo signals, odd and even sequence echo matrixes are respectively establishedAnd ,
further, the echo moment after the suppression of coupling interference items such as frequency, speed and the like is obtained after the phase cancellation processingAndto, forAnd performing MTD processing on the echo matrix to obtain a range-doppler processing result of all odd-numbered sequence echo signals, as shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that only one target peak appears on a doppler domain at the distance of the target, and the amplitude value of the target peak is much larger than that in fig. 4.
The effectiveness of the method for improving the low interception performance and the anti-interference performance of the radar provided by the invention is proved by the simulation comparison of fig. 4 and fig. 5.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for improving low interception and interference resistance of a radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing a frequency agile transmitting signal;
the frequency agile signal adopts the LFM signal form in the pulse, and the center frequency of the LFM signal with different transmission periods is according toThe method is changed in an agile way, wherein,;;is a rounding operation to zero;is a center frequency of frequency agility;
the stepping frequency agile signal works at equal pulse repetition intervals, under the condition of neglecting the influence of amplitudeThe expression of each transmitting signal is as follows:
wherein,is the intra-pulse frequency modulation slope;is a frequency step interval;pulse width for transmitting signal;;is the total time;is a slow time;the time is fast;a pulse repetition period for the transmitted signal;
s2, carrying out pulse compression processing on the received echo signal
S201, constructing a radar echo signal:
for the firstA frequency-agile transmitting pulse and distanceThe expression of the echo of the moving target is as follows:
wherein,the target distance at the moment of time is;Is the target initial distance;is the target speed;is the speed of light;the coherent processing time;
s202, after the received radar echo data is subjected to pulse compression processing, the obtained pulse pressure echo signal is as follows:
wherein,;is the speed of light;is the transmission signal bandwidth;receiving the serial number of the echo signal;
wherein, frequency is convertedDistance toCoupled phase term ofThe frequency-agile and speed-dependent coupled phase term isThe coupling term is related to the number of emitted pulses or time and is not a constant term;
2. The method for improving low interception and interference immunity of radar according to claim 1, further comprising:
s3, frequency agile signal phase cancellation processing:
s301, constructing a frequency agile echo matrix;
because the frequency agility mode is odd-even sequence coherent step agility, in order to realize coherent processing, two echo matrixes are constructed for the frequency agility echo signals after pulse compression processing, and the two echo matrixes are respectively odd sequence echo matrixes formed by odd sequence step frequency signalsEven-numbered sequence echo matrix formed by even-numbered sequence step frequency signals;
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step S3 further comprises:
s302, for the odd-numbered sequence echo matrix after pulse pressure processingThe data after pulse pressure processing will beAndand (3) carrying out conjugate multiplication on the echo signals of two adjacent odd-numbered sequences to obtain a new echo signal:;
According to the formula, the compound has the advantages of,andis a constant term independent of time, and has no influence onOf (2) phase referenceC, processing;is time of dayA linear term of (d);
s303, for the even-numbered sequence echo matrix after pulse pressure processingThe data after pulse pressure processing will beAndtwo adjacent even number sequence echo signals are multiplied in a conjugate mode to obtain a new echo signal,
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:
s4 frequency agile signal detection fusion processing
In signal processing, a new odd-numbered sequence echo matrix is obtained through phase cancellation processingAnd a new even sequence echo matrixPerforming coherent detection processing such as clutter suppression and CFAR detection respectively to obtain a target detection result;
when the radar is not subject to interference, the new odd sequence echo matrixAnd said new even sequence echo matrixCarrying out 1/2 non-coherent accumulation on the detection result;
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CN114779177A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 | Coherent processing method for frequency diversity waveform |
CN115327491A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-11-11 | 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 | Method for resisting transfer type false target interference by radar inter-pulse waveform agility |
CN115453490A (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2022-12-09 | 艾索信息股份有限公司 | Coherent accumulation method, device and equipment based on radar signals and storage medium |
CN116449313A (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-07-18 | 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 | Main lobe suppression noise interference resisting method and device for radar based on intra-pulse multi-carrier frequency signals |
CN117784076A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-03-29 | 中国人民解放军空军预警学院 | Coherent processing method of frequency agility and frequency diversity |
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