CN114008922A - Safety device for an electronic switch and electrical system comprising such a device - Google Patents

Safety device for an electronic switch and electrical system comprising such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114008922A
CN114008922A CN202080045818.9A CN202080045818A CN114008922A CN 114008922 A CN114008922 A CN 114008922A CN 202080045818 A CN202080045818 A CN 202080045818A CN 114008922 A CN114008922 A CN 114008922A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switch
output terminal
terminal
input terminal
switching device
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Application number
CN202080045818.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
N.阿拉利
E.塔伦
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Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
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Valeo Systemes de Controle Moteur SAS
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Publication of CN114008922A publication Critical patent/CN114008922A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K17/6871—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor
    • H03K17/6874—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor in a symmetrical configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0814—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit
    • H03K17/08142—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/74—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of diodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H9/041—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage using a short-circuiting device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/0054—Gating switches, e.g. pass gates

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Autonomous safety device and electrical system comprising such a device. The safety device includes: a. a main input terminal (a) intended to be connected to a first DC voltage source (BAT), b.a main output terminal (B) intended to be connected to a first electrical device (Ep1) and a second electrical device (Ep2), c.a switching device (10) comprising an input terminal (E), an output terminal (S) and a control terminal (G), wherein the input terminal of the switching device (10) is connected to the main input terminal (a), the output terminal of the switching device (10) is connected to the main output terminal (B), the switching device (10) comprising at least one first switch (Q1), the control terminal (G) of the switching device (10) being connected to a control device (30) in order to open or close the at least one first switch (Q1), d.a protection device (20) connected between the main input terminal (a) and the main output terminal (B), e.c. when the switching control device (30) controls the switching device (10, c. the switching device (10) is connected to the output terminal (B) of the control device (B) and/c) 100) In the off-state and when a discharge current (Id) flows through a stray inductance (L) between the first electrical device (Ep1) and the second electrical device (Ep2), the protection device (20, 200) is controlled to generate a current path in the on-state through which the discharge current (Id) flows parallel to the switching device (10, 100).

Description

Safety device for an electronic switch and electrical system comprising such a device
Technical Field
The present invention generally relates to a safety device for an electrical system in a motor vehicle.
More specifically, the invention relates to an electrical system comprising a safety device for controlling a switching device which allows to dissipate a discharge current generated by a parasitic inductance when an electrical apparatus is disconnected from the electrical network of a motor vehicle. The safety device can also filter electrical disturbances superimposed on the vehicle electrical network, thus avoiding any untimely triggering of the switching device.
Background
An electric or hybrid vehicle is equipped with an electric power supply network that supplies all the electrical equipment, such as an alternator-starter or a DC voltage converter, with a switching device connected between the DC power source and the electrical equipment in order to disconnect them from the grid. In this type of electrical network, the connections between the various electrical devices require long cables, generating parasitic inductances and overvoltages.
A known problem is that the current contained in the parasitic inductance is dissipated when the electrical equipment is disconnected from the electrical network of the motor vehicle.
This problem is particularly problematic when it comes to dissipating discharge currents of the order of 500A or more when switching off electrical equipment, for example, supplied by a DC voltage of at least 48V, since the electrical network comprising the switching device is also sensitive to overvoltages caused by parasitic inductances.
Therefore, when disconnecting electrical equipment from the electrical network of a motor vehicle, it is necessary to dissipate the discharge current so as not to damage components of the electrical network.
To achieve this, an electrical system comprising a safety device as shown in fig. 1 is known from the prior art. Such an electrical system SE1 comprises a safety device 40, which safety device 40 comprises:
a. intended to be connected to the main input terminal a of a first DC voltage source BAT,
b. main output terminal B for connection to first electrical device Ep1 and second electrical device Ep2
c. A switching device 100 comprising an input terminal E, an output terminal S and a control terminal G, the input terminal of the switching device 100 being connected to the main input terminal A, the output terminal of the switching device 100 being connected to the main output terminal B, the switching device 100 comprising at least a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2, the control terminal G of the switching device 100 being connected to the control device 30 in order to open or close the first switch Q1 or the second switch Q2,
d. a TVS protection device connected between the current output terminal S and the electrical ground.
Thus, in prior art electrical systems, the safety device comprises a transient voltage suppressor or TVS component, such as a diode, arranged to switch in the reverse mode (avalanche mode), allowing excess current to be injected into the electrical ground, clamping the switching voltage. The TVS component has the particularity of a breakdown voltage above which it draws excess current and clamps over-voltage. Since the TVS components are placed between the electrical device and the battery, the TVS components must be sized to a breakdown voltage that is higher than the battery voltage, which may reach several hundred volts. Thus, the voltage seen at the electrical device during the overvoltage is the breakdown voltage of the TVS component plus the battery voltage, and the voltage seen by the electrical device can reach about 100 volts. A voltage of about 100 volts may irreversibly damage the electrical equipment. TVS components with breakdown voltages up to tens of volts are expensive and bulky. Furthermore, the TVS components need to be connected to electrical ground, which imposes additional mechanical constraints for implementation in a motor vehicle.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to at least partially overcome the above problems.
To this end, according to a first aspect, a safety device is proposed, comprising:
a. a main input terminal intended to be connected to a first DC voltage source,
b. main output terminals intended to be connected to the first and second electrical devices,
c. a switching device comprising an input terminal, an output terminal and a control terminal, the input terminal of the switching device being connected to the main input terminal, the output terminal of the switching device being connected to the main output terminal, the switching device comprising at least a first switch, the control terminal of the switching device being intended to be connected to the control device in order to open or close the at least first switch, and
d. a protection device connected between the main input terminal A and the main output terminal B,
the safety device is characterized in that the protection device is controlled to be in an on state when the control device controls the switching device to be in an off state and when a discharge current flows through a parasitic inductance between the first electrical apparatus and the second electrical apparatus, thereby creating a current path in which the discharge current flows in parallel with the switching device.
The protection device is noteworthy in that it is connected in parallel with the switching device between the battery and the electrical apparatus, without being connected to electrical ground. The protection device is also noteworthy in that it comprises at least one transient voltage suppressor diode whose breakdown voltage is lower than the battery voltage. When the switch control device does not work, the discharge current of the parasitic inductor is dissipated by the protection device, and meanwhile, the switch device is prevented from being conducted again.
Thus, the protection device connected in parallel with the switching device makes it possible to dissipate the discharge current when it is controlled to be in the on state, so that the electrical apparatus can be protected from overvoltage. The tvs is no longer connected to electrical ground and there is no need to use tvs with breakdown voltages higher than the battery voltage.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the parasitic inductance is generated by an electrical connection between the first electrical device and the second electrical device.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection means are intended to be controlled in an on-state by said control means.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection device is intended to be controlled by the control device to be in an on-state when the control device controls the switching device to be in an off-state, so that the discharge current generated by said inductance flows along the current path.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection means are intended to be controlled by the control means to be in an open state in order to open the current path when the value of the discharge current becomes lower than a threshold value (e.g. positive) or when the discharge current disappears.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the control means are intended to be connected to the control terminal of the switching means through a first resistor.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the safety device comprises a first resistor.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the first switch comprises:
a. a current input terminal connected to the input terminal of the switching device,
b. a current output terminal connected to the output terminal of the switching device, an
c. A control terminal connected to the control terminal of the switching device.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the switching device comprises:
a. a first switch, comprising:
i. a current input terminal connected to the input terminal of the switching device,
a current output terminal connected to an output terminal of the switching device,
a control terminal connected to a control terminal of the switching device.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection device comprises:
a. a third switch comprising a current input terminal, a current output terminal, and a control terminal, the current input terminal connected to the primary input terminal;
b. a first transient voltage suppression diode having an anode connected to the main output terminal and a cathode connected to the output terminal of the third switch.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the switching means further comprise a second switch, the output terminal of said first switch being connected to the output terminal of the switching means through said second switch.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the second switch comprises:
a. an input terminal connected to the output terminal,
b. an output terminal connected to the output terminal of the first switch, an
c. A control terminal connected to the control terminal of the switching device.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the control terminal of the switching device is intended to be connected to a control device for opening or closing at least the first switch and the second switch.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection device further comprises a second transient voltage suppression diode, and the cathode of the first transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the cathode of said second transient voltage suppression diode, and the anode of the second transient voltage suppression diode is connected to the current output terminal of the third switch.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the switching means comprise a first switch and a second switch,
a. the first switch includes:
i. an input terminal connected to the input terminal,
the output terminal is connected to the output terminal of the second switch, and
the control terminal is connected to a control terminal of the switching device,
b. the second switch includes:
i. an input terminal connected to the output terminal,
the output terminal is connected to the current output terminal of the first switch, and
the control terminal is connected to a control terminal of the switching device.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection device comprises:
a. a third switch comprising a current input terminal, a current output terminal, and a control terminal, the current input terminal connected to the primary input terminal;
b. a first transient voltage suppressor diode having an anode connected to the main output terminal and a cathode connected to the cathode of the second transient voltage suppressor diode,
c. and a second transient voltage suppression diode having an anode connected to the current output terminal of the third switch.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the protection device comprises:
a. a third switch comprising a current input terminal, a current output terminal, and a control terminal, the current input terminal connected to the primary input terminal;
b. a first transient voltage suppression diode having an anode connected to the main output terminal, an
c. And a second transient voltage suppression diode having an anode connected to the current output terminal of the third switch and a cathode connected to the cathode of the first transient voltage suppression diode.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the control terminal of the third switch is intended to be connected to a control device for opening or closing said third switch.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the third transistor is intended to be controlled in a closed state by the control means, thereby creating said current path.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the third transistor is intended to be controlled by the control means to be in an off-state, thereby disconnecting the current path.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the third transistor is intended to be controlled by the control means to be in an off-state in order to remove said current path when the discharge current disappears or becomes lower than the first threshold value.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the third transistor is intended to be controlled by the control means to be in an off-state when the discharge current disappears or becomes lower than the first threshold value.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the control means are intended to be connected to the control terminal of the third switch through a second resistor.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, one or more switches of the switching device are MOSFETs, or IGBTs, or bipolar transistors.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the control terminal of the switching device is intended to be connected to a control device for opening or closing the first switch and the second switch.
Alternatively, the switch is a transistor using silicon (Si) technology, gallium nitride (GaN) technology, or silicon carbide (SiC) technology.
According to a second aspect, another subject of the invention is a voltage converter comprising a safety device according to the first aspect of the invention.
In particular, the voltage converter is a DC-DC voltage converter or an AC-DC voltage converter.
In other embodiments, it is also conceivable that the protection device and the voltage converter according to the invention have all or some of the aforementioned features in combination.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows an electrical system comprising a safety device according to the prior art.
Fig. 2 shows an electrical system comprising a safety device embodying the invention, according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows an electrical system comprising a safety device embodying the invention, according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 2, an electrical system SE2 implementing the present invention will now be described. The electrical system SE2 is integrated into the electrical network of a motor vehicle, for example.
Electrical system SE2 includes:
a. a first electrical device Ep1 and a second electrical device Ep 2.
b. A safety device 2, comprising:
i. connected to the main input terminal a of the first DC voltage source BAT, for example a battery supplying a voltage of 48V.
A main output terminal B connected to the first electrical device Ep1 and the second electrical device Ep 2.
A switching device 10 comprising:
1. an input terminal E connected to the main input terminal A
2. An output terminal S connected to the main output terminal B
3. A control terminal G connected to control device 30 via a resistor R
A protection device 20 connected between the main input terminal a and the main output terminal B
v. a switch control device 30 connected to a control terminal G of the switching device 10 via a first resistor R1.
The first and second electrical devices Ep1 and Ep2 are, for example, devices such as an alternator-starter, or voltage converters such as inverters. The first electrical device Ep1 is connected to electrical ground and has a voltage Vep1 on its terminals, and the second electrical device Ep2 is connected to electrical ground and has a voltage Vep2 on its terminals.
The electrical connection between the first electrical device Ep1 and the second electrical device Ep2 creates a wiring inductance or parasitic inductance L. Therefore, when the first electrical device Ep1 and the second electrical device Ep2 are supplied with electrical energy, a current I flows through the parasitic inductance.
The switching device 10 comprises a first switch Q1, a drain current input terminal of the first switch Q1 being connected to the input terminal E, a current output terminal S1 of the first switch Q1 being connected to the output terminal S, and a control terminal G1 being connected to the control terminal G.
In this way, the control device 30 makes it possible to control the opening or closing of the first switch Q1. When the control device 30 controls the first switch Q1 to be closed, a current I can flow in a direction from the input terminal E to the output terminal S, and when the control device 30 controls the first switch Q1 to be open, no current flows through the input terminal E to the output terminal S.
The value of the first resistor R1 connected between the control circuit 30 and the control terminal G is selected to protect the control circuit 30.
In other words, when the control device 30 controls the first switch Q1 to be closed, the first and second electrical devices Ep1 and Ep2 are supplied with electric power. When the first switch Q1 is controlled to be closed, its state is in a saturated state, and when the switch Q1 is controlled to be open, its state is in an open state.
In the example considered, the protection device 20 comprises:
a. a third switch Q3 including a current input terminal d3 connected to the main input terminal a, a current output terminal s3, and a control terminal g3 connected to the control circuit 30 through a second resistor R2;
b. the first transient voltage suppression diode Tvs1 has its anode connected to the main output terminal B and its cathode connected to the output terminal s3 of the third switch Q3.
Therefore, when the control device 30 controls the first switch Q1 to close, the current I flows through the parasitic inductance L. When the control device 30 controls the first switch Q1 to open, the parasitic inductance L generates a discharge current Id generated by the current I and the voltage across it, which results in an overvoltage generated between the output terminal S and the input terminal E of the switching system 10. The discharge current Id flows from the main input terminal a to the main output terminal B.
Specifically, the voltage Vbat-Vb is directly applied to the switching voltage Vds of the first switch Q1, as defined in [ mathematical relationship 1 ].
[ mathematical relationship 1]Vds＝Vbat-VB
The protection device 20 is connected in parallel with the switching device 10 between the first DC voltage source BAT and the first and second electrical apparatuses Ep1 and Ep2 so as to avoid being connected to electrical ground. Then, the protection device 20 makes it possible to avoid an overvoltage when opening the first switch Q1, and thus to prevent the voltage between the output terminal S and the input terminal E from exceeding a predetermined threshold. In the depicted example, the voltage between the output terminal S and the input terminal E is the switching voltage Vds of the first switch Q1.
When the switch control device 30 controls the first switch Q1 to open, the switch control device 30 controls the third switch Q3 to close. The third switch Q3 makes it possible to switch the protection device 20 to the on state.
Therefore, the overvoltage caused by opening the first switch Q1 is limited by the protection device 20, the first transient voltage suppression diode Tvs1 allows the overvoltage to be clamped and the discharge current Id to be dissipated.
In other words, when third switch Q3 is controlled to be in a closed state, voltage Vb, which is the voltage on the terminals of the electrical device, is equal to the breakdown voltage of component Tvs1 plus battery voltage Vbat. The first transient voltage suppressor Tvs1 is selected such that its breakdown voltage is of the order of tens of volts, so that the voltage Vb at the terminals of the electrical device is reduced compared to the prior art electrical system SE1 using a transient voltage suppressor Tvs of several hundred volts.
Preferably, the overvoltage on the terminals of the electrical equipment of system SE2 is reduced by 50% compared to safety device 40 of prior art electrical system SE 1.
In other words, the switch control circuit 30 makes it possible to switch the third switch Q3 to the on state and thus activate the protection device 20 when the first switch Q1 is off. Selective activation of the protection device 20 by the third switch Q3 makes it possible to select a first transient voltage suppressor diode Tvs1 having a breakdown voltage lower than that used in the prior art electrical system SE1, thereby reducing the overvoltage on the terminals of the electrical apparatuses Ep1 and Ep 2.
Selective activation of the protection device 20 by the third switch Q3 also makes it possible to avoid re-conduction of the first tvs Tvs1, the battery voltage being higher than the breakdown voltage of the first tvs Tvs 1.
When the discharge current Id is dissipated in the first transient voltage suppression diode Tvs1, the switch control circuit 30 then controls the third switch Q3 of the protection device 20 to open, thereby rendering the protection device 20 inoperative.
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment. For the sake of simplicity, the same reference is given in this figure to those elements which are identical to the first embodiment and are shown in fig. 2.
In the depicted example, electrical system SE3 includes:
a. a first electrical device Ep1 and a second electrical device Ep 2.
b. The safety device 3 includes:
i. a main input terminal a.
Main output terminal B.
The switching device 100.
Protection device 200.
v. switch control means 30.
The switching device 100 includes a first switch Q1 and a second switch Q2 connected "back-to-back", in other words, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are connected in a "common source" configuration. In the example described herein, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are n-doped MOSFETs. The current input terminal d1 of the first switch Q1 is connected to the input terminal E, the current output terminal S1 of the first switch Q1 is connected to the current output terminal S2 of the second switch Q2, the control terminal G1 is connected to the control terminal G, the current input terminal d2 of the second switch Q2 is connected to the output terminal S, and the control terminal G2 is connected to the control terminal G. In this way, when one of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 is turned off, no current may flow between the input terminal E and the output terminal S. The control terminals of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are also connected to each other. Accordingly, the control device 30 may control the opening of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2, thereby interrupting any bidirectional current flow between the input terminal E and the output terminal S.
In the example considered, the protection device 200 also comprises:
a. a third switch Q3 including a current input terminal d3 connected to the main input terminal a, a current output terminal s3, and a control terminal g3 connected to the control circuit 30 through a second resistor R2;
b. a first transient voltage suppression diode Tvs1 having an anode connected to the main output terminal B and a cathode connected to the cathode of the second transient voltage suppression diode Tvs 2;
c. a second transient voltage suppression diode Tvs2, the anode of which is connected to the current output terminal s3 of the third switch Q3.
Therefore, the control device 30 can control the opening or closing of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2. When the DC voltage source BAT delivers a current I, which is referred to as positive, the current I flows through the switching device 100 in a direction from the input terminal E to the output terminal S in order to supply the first electronic device Ep1 or the second electronic device Ep 2. When the first electrical device Ep1 or the second electrical device Ep2 carries a current I, which is called negative, the current I flows through the switching device 100 in a direction from the output terminal S to the input terminal E in order to supply the DC voltage source BAT.
When the first switch Q1 or the second switch Q2 is opened, the parasitic inductance L generates a discharge current Id and a voltage at its terminals, which results in an overvoltage generated between the output terminal S and the input terminal E of the switching system 100. Specifically, the voltage Vbat-Vb is directly applied to the voltage between the input terminal E and the output terminal S.
In other words, when the direction of the current I is positive, the overvoltage Vbat-Vb is directly applied to the switching voltage Vds1 of the first switch Q1 when the first transistor Q1 is turned off, and the current I can flow through the intrinsic diode of the second switch Q2. When the current I is negative, the overvoltage Vbat-Vb is directly applied to the switching voltage Vds2 of the second switch Q2 when the second switch Q2 is turned off.
Therefore, the protection device 200 makes it possible to limit the overvoltage when opening the first switch Q1 or the second switch Q2, and thus manage the overvoltage and ensure that the voltage between the output terminal S and the input terminal E does not exceed a predetermined threshold. The protection device 200 also makes it possible to dissipate the discharge current Id in the positive or negative direction.
Specifically, when the switch control circuit 30 opens the first switch Q1 and closes the third switch Q3, a discharge current Id referred to as positive flows through the protection device 200 in a direction from the main input terminal a to the main output terminal B, the first transient voltage suppression diode Tvs1 allows the overvoltage to be clamped and the discharge current Id to be dissipated.
When the switch control circuit 30 opens the first switch Q2 and closes the third switch Q3, a discharge current Id, referred to as negative, flows through the protection device 200 in the direction from the main output terminal B to the main input terminal a, the second transient voltage suppression diode Tvs2 allows the overvoltage to be clamped and the discharge current Id to be dissipated.
As a variant, the first and second transient voltage suppression diodes Tvs1 and Tvs2 may be replaced by a single "bidirectional" transient voltage suppression diode; in other words, the bi-directional transient voltage suppression diode allows the overvoltage to be clamped and the discharge current Id to be dissipated whether the discharge current Id is positive or negative.
The selective activation of the protection device 200 by the third switch Q3 also prevents the first and second tvs Tvs1 and Tvs2 from turning back on, and the battery voltage is higher than the breakdown voltage of the first tvs Tvs1 or the first tvs Tvs 2.
When the magnetic energy contained in the inductor L is dissipated, the discharge current Id is eliminated in the first transient voltage suppression diode Tvs1 or the second transient voltage suppression diode Tvs2, and then the switch control circuit 30 controls the third switch Q3 of the protection device 200 to be turned off, thereby deactivating the protection device 200.

Claims (11)

1. A safety device (2, 3) comprising:
a. a main input terminal (A) intended to be connected to a first DC voltage source (BAT),
b. intended to be connected to the main output terminals (B) of the first electrical device (Ep1) and the second electrical device (Ep2),
c. switching device (10, 100) comprising an input terminal (E), an output terminal (S) and a control terminal (G), the input terminal of the switching device (10, 100) being connected to a main input terminal (A), the output terminal of the switching device (10, 100) being connected to a main output terminal (B), the switching device (10, 100) comprising at least a first switch (Q1), the control terminal (G) of the switching device (10, 100) being intended to be connected to a control device (30) in order to open or close at least the first switch (Q1), and
d. a protection device (20, 200) connected between the main input terminal (A) and the main output terminal (B),
the safety device (2, 3) is characterized in that the protection device (20, 200) is controlled to be in an on-state when the control device (30) controls the switching device (10, 100) to be in an off-state and when a discharge current (Id) flows through a parasitic inductance (L) between the first electrical apparatus (Ep1) and the second electrical apparatus (Ep2), thereby creating a current path in which the discharge current (Id) flows in parallel with the switching device (10, 100).
2. The safety device (2, 3) of claim 1, wherein the first switch (Q1) comprises:
a. a current input terminal (d1) connected to an input terminal (E) of the switching device (10, 100),
b. a current output terminal (S1) connected to the output terminal (S) of the switching device (10, 100), and
c. a control terminal (G1) connected to a control terminal (G) of the switching device (10, 100).
3. The safety device (2, 3) as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein the protection device (20, 200) comprises:
a. a third switch (Q3) comprising a current input terminal (d3), a current output terminal (s3) and a control terminal (g3), the current input terminal (d3) being connected to the main input terminal (a); and
b. a first transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs1) having an anode connected to the main output terminal (B) and a cathode connected to the output terminal (s3) of the third switch (Q3).
4. The safety device (3) as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the switching device (100) further comprises a second switch (Q2), the output terminal (S1) of the first switch being connected to the output terminal (S) of the switching device (100) via the second switch (Q2).
5. The safety device (3) of the preceding claim, wherein the second switch (Q2) comprises:
a. an input terminal (d2) connected to the output terminal (S),
b. an output terminal (s2) connected to the output terminal (s1) of the first switch (Q1), and
c. a control terminal (G2) connected to a control terminal (G) of the switching device (100).
6. The safety device (3) as claimed in claim 5 in combination with claim 3, wherein the protection device (200) further comprises a second transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs2), and wherein a cathode of the first transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs1) is connected to a cathode of the second transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs2), and wherein an anode of the second transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs2) is connected to the current output terminal (s3) of the third switch (Q3).
7. The safety device (3) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the switching device (100) comprises a first switch (Q1) and a second switch (Q2),
a. the first switch (Q1) comprises:
i. an input terminal (d1) connected to the input terminal (E),
the output terminal (s1) is connected to the output terminal (s2) of the second switch (Q2), and
a control terminal (G1) is connected to a control terminal (G) of the switching device (100),
b. the second switch (Q2) comprises:
i. an input terminal (d2) connected to the output terminal (S),
the output terminal (S2) is connected to the current output terminal (S) of the first switch (Q1), and
the control terminal (G2) is connected to the control terminal (G) of the switching device (100).
8. The safety device (3) according to the preceding claim, wherein the protection device (200) comprises:
a. a third switch (Q3) comprising a current input terminal (d3), a current output terminal (s3) and a control terminal (g3), the current input terminal (d3) being connected to the main input terminal (a);
b. a first transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs1) having an anode connected to the main output terminal (B),
c. a second transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs2) having an anode connected to the current output terminal (s3) of the third switch (Q3) and a cathode connected to the cathode of the first transient voltage suppression diode (Tvs 1).
9. The safety device (2, 3) according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein one or more switches of the switching device (10, 100) are MOSFETs, or IGBTs, or bipolar transistors.
10. A voltage converter comprising a safety device (2, 3) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. The voltage converter of claim 10, wherein the voltage converter is a DC-DC voltage converter or an AC-DC voltage converter.
CN202080045818.9A 2019-06-24 2020-06-23 Safety device for an electronic switch and electrical system comprising such a device Pending CN114008922A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1906833A FR3097698B1 (en) 2019-06-24 2019-06-24 Safety device for electronic switch and electrical system comprising such a device
FR1906833 2019-06-24
PCT/EP2020/067533 WO2020260301A1 (en) 2019-06-24 2020-06-23 Security device for an electronic switch, and electrical system comprising a device of said kind

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114008922A true CN114008922A (en) 2022-02-01

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CN202080045818.9A Pending CN114008922A (en) 2019-06-24 2020-06-23 Safety device for an electronic switch and electrical system comprising such a device

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EP (1) EP3987660A1 (en)
CN (1) CN114008922A (en)
FR (1) FR3097698B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020260301A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19811297B4 (en) * 1997-03-17 2009-03-19 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd., Kawasaki High breakdown voltage MOS semiconductor device
US7741883B2 (en) * 2008-05-21 2010-06-22 Honeywell International Inc. Method of switching and switching device for solid state power controller applications
US9755630B2 (en) * 2009-04-30 2017-09-05 The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Government Solid-state circuit breakers and related circuits
US9508841B2 (en) * 2013-08-01 2016-11-29 General Electric Company Method and system for a semiconductor device with integrated transient voltage suppression

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EP3987660A1 (en) 2022-04-27
FR3097698B1 (en) 2021-07-02
WO2020260301A1 (en) 2020-12-30
FR3097698A1 (en) 2020-12-25

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