CN114006451B - Output current control system and control method for rail vehicle charger - Google Patents
Output current control system and control method for rail vehicle charger Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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Abstract
The invention discloses an output current control system and a control method of a railway vehicle charger, wherein the control system is provided with a feedback control module, the feedback control module comprises a primary side current acquisition module used for acquiring current on a primary side of an isolation transformer and calculating output current of a voltage current output module, and the IGBT inverter module is driven by an isolation driving module. The output current control system of the railway vehicle charger disclosed by the invention is provided with the feedback control module, and the feedback control module can collect the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer and the output voltage of the voltage current output module and control the IGBT inverter module according to the collected current and voltage, so that a current sensor is not required to be arranged on the output module, namely, the charger is not required to be additionally provided with a heavy and expensive output current sensor, the output current control under the condition of no output current sensor is realized, and the weight and the cost of the charger are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charger control, in particular to a system and a method for controlling output current of a railway vehicle charger.
Background
The vehicle-mounted storage battery is arranged in all rail transit vehicles such as diesel locomotives, subway vehicles, motor train unit trains and the like, and has the function of providing power for loads of a low-voltage system of the vehicle under the condition that high voltage is not passed, so that the maintenance, debugging and the like of the vehicle are facilitated. After the vehicle is electrified at high voltage, the storage battery needs to be charged by using a vehicle-mounted charger so as to ensure sustainable use of the storage battery. The vehicle-mounted charger has the functions of supplementing energy for the vehicle-mounted storage battery after the vehicle is electrified with high voltage and supplying power for the low-voltage load.
The vehicle-mounted charger generally has an output constant voltage control function and an output current limiting control function. The constant voltage control function is to ensure that the power supply voltage provided for the load is stable, so that the load can stably work without damage. The output current limiting control function is used for preventing the output total current of the charger from being overlarge and limiting the output current, and has an important effect on prolonging the service life of the charger and protecting a low-voltage power supply circuit from generating excessive heat and preventing life and property loss in a larger range.
As shown in fig. 1, the output current of the existing vehicle-mounted charger is controlled in a current limiting manner, the total current Id of the output end is directly collected through a sensor and fed back to a controller, and the control of the output current is realized through negative feedback adjustment.
The vehicle-mounted charger of the railway vehicle is characterized by low output voltage and large current. For example, a 15kW 24V charger is arranged on each car of the CRH5 motor train unit. The total output current is up to 600A, and two locomotive cables with the thickness of 95mm2 are required to be configured to transmit current in order to ensure that the cables do not abnormally heat. Whether the current is detected in a range or the specification of a cable passing through the current sensor, great difficulty is caused to the selection, installation and maintenance of the output current sensor, and the sensor capable of meeting the design requirements is large in weight, size and high in price.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an output current control system of a rail vehicle charger aiming at the problems.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
The output current control system of the rail vehicle charger comprises a three-phase rectifier bridge module, a three-phase filter module, an IGBT inverter module, an isolation transformer, a voltage and current output module and a feedback control module;
the output end of the three-phase rectifier bridge module is connected with the input end of the three-phase filter module, the output end of the three-phase filter module is connected with the input end of the IGBT inverter module, the output end of the IGBT inverter module is connected with the primary side of the isolation transformer, and the secondary side of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the voltage and current output module;
The feedback control module comprises a primary side current acquisition module, an output voltage acquisition module, a current and voltage protection signal acquisition module, a data processing module and an isolation driving module;
the primary side current acquisition module is connected with a current sensor arranged on the primary side of the isolation transformer and is used for acquiring current on the primary side of the isolation transformer and calculating the output current of the voltage current output module;
the output voltage acquisition module is connected with the voltage and current output module and is used for acquiring the output voltage of the voltage and current output module;
The current and voltage protection signal acquisition module is connected with the three-phase filter module and is used for acquiring the current and voltage output by the three-phase filter module;
The data processing module is connected with the primary side current acquisition module, the output voltage acquisition module, the current and voltage protection signal acquisition module and the isolation driving module, and is used for adjusting control signals for controlling the IGBT inverter module according to the output current of the voltage and current output module, the output voltage of the voltage and current output module and the current and voltage output by the three-phase filter module, and driving the IGBT inverter module through the isolation driving module.
Further, the primary side current acquisition module calculates the output current of the voltage current output module by the following method:
The primary side current acquisition module acquires a current value i pre (n) of the primary side of the isolation transformer at a set frequency;
calculating the primary side current effective value of the isolation transformer through a formula (1):
wherein I prms is the effective value of the primary current, I pre (n) is the value of the primary current acquired by the nth sampling point;
Calculating the output current of the voltage and current output module through a formula (2):
Iout≈2×K×Iprms (2)
wherein I out is the output current of the output module, and K is the transformer transformation ratio.
Further, the data processing module adopts the incremental PID algorithm of the formula (3) to adjust the control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module,
Δuk＝uk-uk-1＝KP(ek-ek-1)+KIek+KD(ek-2ek-1+ek-2)＝d0ek+d1ek-1+d2ek-2 (3)
Wherein ：d0＝KP+KI+KD,d1＝-(KP+2KD),d2＝KD,Δuk is a control object increment, u k is a control object value of the present control cycle, u k-1 is a control object value of the last control cycle, K P is a proportionality coefficient, K I is an integration coefficient, K D is a differential coefficient, e k is a control cycle error value, e k-1 is a control cycle error value of the last control cycle, and e k-2 is a control cycle error value of the last control cycle.
The output current control method of the rail vehicle charger comprises the following steps:
Step 1, collecting current of the primary side of an isolation transformer, output voltage of a voltage current output module and current and voltage output by a three-phase filter module;
Step 2, calculating the output current of the voltage current output module according to the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer;
step 3, adjusting a control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module according to the output voltage of the voltage and current output module, the output current of the voltage and current output module and the current and voltage of the three-phase filter module;
and 4, inputting the control signal of the adjusted IGBT inverter module into an isolation driving module to control the GBT inverter module.
Further, calculating the output current of the voltage current output module according to the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer comprises the following steps of;
collecting a current value i pre (n) of the primary side of the isolation transformer at a set frequency;
calculating the primary side current effective value of the isolation transformer through a formula (1):
wherein I prms is the effective value of the primary current, I pre (n) is the value of the primary current acquired by the nth sampling point;
Calculating the output current of the voltage and current output module through a formula (2):
Iout≈2×K×Iprms (2)
wherein I out is the output current of the output module, and K is the transformer transformation ratio.
Further, the incremental PID algorithm of the formula (3) is adopted to adjust the control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module,
Δuk＝uk-uk-1＝KP(ek-ek-1)+KIek+KD(ek-2ek-1+ek-2)＝d0ek+d1ek-1+d2ek-2 (3)
Wherein ：d0＝KP+KI+KD,d1＝-(KP+2KD),d2＝KD,Δuk is a control object increment, u k is a control object value of the present control cycle, u k-1 is a control object value of the last control cycle, K P is a proportionality coefficient, K I is an integration coefficient, K D is a differential coefficient, e k is a control cycle error value, e k-1 is a control cycle error value of the last control cycle, and e k-2 is a control cycle error value of the last control cycle.
Compared with the prior art, the output current control system of the rail vehicle charger disclosed by the application has the following beneficial effects: the application can collect the current of the primary side of the transformer and control the IGBT inverter module according to the collected current and voltage, thus the current sensor is not needed to be arranged on the output module, namely, the heavy and expensive output current sensor is not needed to be additionally arranged on the charger, the output current control without the output current sensor is realized, and the weight and the cost of the charger are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art rail vehicle battery charger output current control system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rail vehicle battery charger output current control system of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating current collection of the primary side of the isolation transformer by the current-voltage feedback control module;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a dual closed loop cascade control system for performing output voltage and current control in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method of controlling output current of a rail vehicle charger of the present disclosure;
Fig. 6 is a simulation diagram of input voltage and output voltage in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the figure: 1. the three-phase rectifier bridge module, 2, three-phase filter module, 3, IGBT dc-to-ac converter module, 4, isolation transformer, 5, voltage current output module, 6, feedback control module, 60, primary side current acquisition module, 61, output voltage acquisition module, 62, current voltage protection signal acquisition module, 63, data processing module, 64, isolation drive module.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 2, the output current control system of the rail vehicle charger disclosed by the invention comprises a three-phase rectifier bridge module 1, a three-phase filter module 2, an IGBT inverter module 3, an isolation transformer 4, a voltage and current output module 5 and a feedback control module 6;
The output end of the three-phase rectifier bridge module 1 is connected with the input end of the three-phase filter module 2, the output end of the three-phase filter module 2 is connected with the input end of the IGBT inverter module 3, the output end of the IGBT inverter module 3 is connected with the primary side of the isolation transformer 4, and the secondary side of the isolation transformer 4 is connected with the input end of the voltage and current output module 5, wherein in the embodiment, the voltage and current output module comprises two diodes, two inductors and an output capacitor;
The feedback control module 6 comprises a primary side current acquisition module 60, an output voltage acquisition module 61, a current and voltage protection signal acquisition module 62, a data processing module 63 and an isolation driving module 64;
The primary side current acquisition module 60 is connected with a current sensor arranged on the primary side of the isolation transformer 4 and is used for acquiring current on the primary side of the isolation transformer 4 and calculating output current of the voltage and current output module;
the output voltage acquisition module 61 is connected with the voltage and current output module 5 and is used for acquiring the output voltage of the voltage and current output module;
The current and voltage protection signal acquisition module 62 is connected with the three-phase filter module 2 and is used for acquiring the current and voltage output by the three-phase filter module;
The data processing module 63 is connected with the primary current collecting module 60, the output voltage collecting module 61, the current and voltage protection signal collecting module 62 and the isolation driving module 64, the output end of the isolation driving module 64 is connected with the control end of the IGBT inverter module, and the data processing module 63 is used for adjusting the control signal for controlling the IGBT inverter module according to the output current of the voltage and current output module, the output voltage of the voltage and current output module and the current and voltage output by the three-phase filter module, and driving the IGBT inverter module through the isolation driving module.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in the present invention, the primary side current acquisition module calculates the output current of the voltage current output module by the following method:
The primary side current acquisition module acquires a current value i pre (n) of the primary side of the isolation transformer at a set frequency;
calculating the primary side current effective value of the isolation transformer through a formula (1):
wherein I prms is the effective value of the primary current, I pre (n) is the value of the primary current acquired by the nth sampling point;
Calculating the output current of the voltage and current output module through a formula (2):
Iout≈2×K×Iprms (2)
wherein I out is the output current of the output module, and K is the transformer transformation ratio.
The primary side of the isolation transformer is alternating current, but the effective value of the current is calculated through intensive sampling, then the total output current value is equivalently calculated through the current proportion relation in the main circuit, and the equivalent current value is fed back to the controller, so that the output current equivalent control under the condition of no output current sensor is realized.
The invention adopts a double closed loop cascade control system to control the output total current through the obtained primary current effective value I prms and according to the obtained linear relation with the output current.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the cascade control of the voltage outer loop and the current inner loop is employed. The current inner loop is added to accelerate the dynamic response of the system, and the cascade adjustment improves the load response characteristic of the whole system obviously. The voltage outer loop adopts a PID regulator, and the inductance current inner loop adopts a PI regulator. The formula of the incremental PID algorithm is shown in formula (3) to adjust the control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module,
Δuk＝uk-uk-1＝KP(ek-ek-1)+KIek+KD(ek-2ek-1+ek-2)＝d0ek+d1ek-1+d2ek-2 (3)
Wherein ：d0＝KP+KI+KD,d1＝-(KP+2KD),d2＝KD,Δuk is a control object increment, u k is a control object value of the present control period, u k-1 is a control object value of the last control period, K P is a proportionality coefficient, K I is an integration coefficient, K D is a differential coefficient, e k is a control period error value, e k-1 is a control period error value of the last time, e k-2 is a control period error value of the last time, and when k=1, e k-1 and e k-2 are set to 0.
The output current control system of the railway vehicle charger disclosed by the application is provided with the feedback control module, the feedback control module can collect the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer and control the output current and the voltage according to the collected current and the collected voltage, and the current sensor is not required to be arranged on the output module because the current of the primary side of the transformer is collected, namely the charger does not need to be additionally provided with a heavy and expensive output current sensor, so that the output current control without the output current sensor is realized, and the weight and the cost of the charger are reduced.
As shown in fig. 5, the output current control method of the rail vehicle charger disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
Step 1, collecting current of the primary side of an isolation transformer, output voltage of a voltage current output module and current and voltage output by a three-phase filter module;
Step 2, calculating the output current of the voltage current output module according to the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer;
step 3, adjusting a control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module according to the output voltage of the voltage and current output module, the output current of the voltage and current output module and the current and voltage of the three-phase filter module;
and 4, inputting the control signal of the adjusted IGBT inverter module into an isolation driving module to control the GBT inverter module.
Further, calculating the output current of the voltage current output module according to the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer comprises the following steps of;
collecting a current value i pre (n) of the primary side of the isolation transformer at a set frequency;
calculating the primary side current effective value of the isolation transformer through a formula (1):
wherein I prms is the effective value of the primary current, I pre (n) is the value of the primary current acquired by the nth sampling point;
Calculating the output current of the voltage and current output module through a formula (2):
Iout≈2×K×Iprms (2)
wherein I out is the output current of the output module, and K is the transformer transformation ratio.
Further, the incremental PID algorithm of the formula (3) is adopted to adjust the control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module,
Δuk＝uk-uk-1＝KP(ek-ek-1)+KIek+KD(ek-2ek-1+ek-2)＝d0ek+d1ek-1+d2ek-2 (3)
Wherein ：d0＝KP+KI+KD,d1＝-(KP+2KD),d2＝KD,Δuk is a control object increment, u k is a control object value of the present control period, u k-1 is a control object value of the last control period, K P is a proportionality coefficient, K I is an integration coefficient, K D is a differential coefficient, e k is a control period error value, e k-1 is a control period error value of the last time, e k-2 is a control period error value of the last time, and when k=1, e k-1 and e k-2 are set to 0.
According to the output current control method of the railway vehicle charger, disclosed by the application, the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer is collected, and the output current and the voltage are controlled according to the collected current and the collected voltage, so that a current sensor is not required to be arranged on an output module, namely, the charger is not required to be additionally provided with a heavy and expensive output current sensor, the output current control without the output current sensor is realized, and the weight and the cost of the charger are reduced. The application can sample the current of the secondary side or secondary side filter reactor of the transformer to equivalently calculate the output current so as to realize equivalent control.
Examples
The method is verified on a charger product. The charger parameters were as follows:
And programming a phase-shifting full-bridge circuit control program based on the CCS5.3 software platform by using a C++ language. The main content of the program comprises: the phase shift control driving pulse is generated, the analog quantity and the digital quantity of the system are collected, and the collected analog quantity and digital quantity are used for carrying out overcurrent, overvoltage and overtemperature protection, the design of a double closed loop cascade controller and the like.
The primary side current value is transmitted to the DSP main control chip through the external address bus by the FPGA chip for sampling, the DSP main control chip calculates the effective value of the primary side current sampling point received in one switching period, the switching frequency is 10KHz, and the effective value calculation is carried out on 20 sampling points in one switching period, as shown in figure 3.
The effective value calculation formula is as follows:
The total output current is controlled by the determined primary current effective value I prms according to the linear relation with the output current determined in the previous section.
A block diagram of the dual closed loop cascade control system is shown in fig. 4.
In practical design, cascade regulation control of the voltage outer loop and the current inner loop is adopted. The current inner loop is added to accelerate the dynamic response of the system, and the cascade adjustment improves the load response characteristic of the whole system obviously. The voltage outer loop adopts a PID regulator, and the inductance current inner loop adopts a PI regulator. The incremental PID algorithm formula is shown below:
Δuk＝uk-uk-1＝KP(ek-ek-1)+KIek+KD(ek-2ek-1+ek-2)
＝d0ek+d1ek-1+d2ek-2
Wherein ：d0＝KP+KI+KD,d1＝-(KP+2KD),d2＝KD,Δuk is a control object increment, u k is a control object value of the present control period, u k-1 is a control object value of the last control period, K P is a proportionality coefficient, K I is an integration coefficient, K D is a differential coefficient, e k is a control period error value, e k-1 is a control period error value of the last time, e k-2 is a control period error value of the last time, and when k=1, e k-1 and e k-2 are set to 0.
From the test results of fig. 6, the control method can well realize equivalent control of the output current.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a rail vehicle battery charger output current control system which characterized in that: the device comprises a three-phase rectifier bridge module, a three-phase filter module, an IGBT inverter module, an isolation transformer, a voltage and current output module and a feedback control module;
the output end of the three-phase rectifier bridge module is connected with the input end of the three-phase filter module, the output end of the three-phase filter module is connected with the input end of the IGBT inverter module, the output end of the IGBT inverter module is connected with the primary side of the isolation transformer, and the secondary side of the isolation transformer is connected with the input end of the voltage and current output module;
The feedback control module comprises a primary side current acquisition module, an output voltage acquisition module, a current and voltage protection signal acquisition module, a data processing module and an isolation driving module;
the primary side current acquisition module is connected with a current sensor arranged on the primary side of the isolation transformer and is used for acquiring current on the primary side of the isolation transformer and calculating the output current of the voltage current output module;
the output voltage acquisition module is connected with the voltage and current output module and is used for acquiring the output voltage of the voltage and current output module;
The current and voltage protection signal acquisition module is connected with the three-phase filter module and is used for acquiring the current and voltage output by the three-phase filter module;
The data processing module is connected with the primary side current acquisition module, the output voltage acquisition module, the current and voltage protection signal acquisition module and the isolation driving module, and is used for adjusting a control signal for controlling the IGBT inverter module according to the output current of the voltage and current output module, the output voltage of the voltage and current output module and the current and voltage output by the three-phase filter module, and driving the IGBT inverter module through the isolation driving module;
The primary side current acquisition module calculates the output current of the voltage current output module by the following method:
The primary side current acquisition module acquires a current value i pre (n) of the primary side of the isolation transformer at a set frequency;
calculating the primary side current effective value of the isolation transformer through a formula (1):
wherein I prms is the effective value of the primary current, I pre (n) is the value of the primary current acquired by the nth sampling point;
Calculating the output current of the voltage and current output module through a formula (2):
Iout≈2×K×Iprms(2)
wherein I out is the output current of the output module, and K is the transformer transformation ratio.
2. The rail vehicle battery charger output current control system of claim 1, wherein:
the data processing module adopts the incremental PID algorithm of the formula (3) to adjust the control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module,
Δuk＝uk-uk-1＝KP(ek-ek-1)+KIek+KD(ek-2ek-1+ek-2)＝d0ek+d1ek-1+d2ek-2 (3)
Wherein ：d0＝KP+KI+KD,d1＝-(KP+2KD),d2＝KD,Δuk is a control object increment, u k is a control object value of the present control cycle, u k-1 is a control object value of the last control cycle, K P is a proportionality coefficient, K I is an integration coefficient, K D is a differential coefficient, e k is a control cycle error value, e k-1 is a control cycle error value of the last control cycle, and e k-2 is a control cycle error value of the last control cycle.
3. A rail vehicle battery charger output current control method of the rail vehicle battery charger output current control system of claim 1 or 2, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, collecting current of the primary side of an isolation transformer, output voltage of a voltage current output module and current and voltage output by a three-phase filter module;
Step 2, calculating the output current of the voltage current output module according to the current of the primary side of the isolation transformer;
step 3, adjusting a control signal for controlling the IGBT inversion module according to the output voltage of the voltage and current output module, the output current of the voltage and current output module and the current and voltage of the three-phase filter module;
and 4, inputting the control signal of the adjusted IGBT inverter module into an isolation driving module to control the GBT inverter module.
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