CN114004960B - Medicine detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system and method - Google Patents
Medicine detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system and a hyperspectral dual-mode imaging method for medical detection, wherein the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system comprises a first light source, a second light source, a hyperspectral camera, a sample table, a sliding component, a plane reflecting mirror, a dodging panel and a control device, the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera are sequentially arranged from left to right, the center points of the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera are on the same straight line, the hyperspectral camera is on the left side of the sample table, the hyperspectral camera is on the right side of the sample table, the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera form a transmission imaging device, the plane reflecting mirror and the second light source are arranged above the sample table according to a preset angle, the second light source, the plane reflecting mirror and the hyperspectral camera form a reflection imaging device, the hyperspectral camera is slidably arranged on the sliding component, the hyperspectral camera is connected with the control device, a compressed sensing module is arranged on the hyperspectral camera, and the compressed sensing module adopts a preset regularized orthogonal matching tracking reconstruction algorithm. The device is simple in structure and accurate in detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of hyperspectral imaging for medical detection, in particular to a hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system and a hyperspectral dual-mode imaging method for medical detection.
Background
Along with the continuous development of medical health industry in China, the requirements on medical detection are continuously expanding, the analysis of medical effective components and the detection of effective standard content are detected from basic glass slag, hair and other foreign matters, the breadth of a medical detection range and the depth of detection content are continuously and iteratively improved, the conventional visual imaging in the visible light wave band can not meet the current medical and pharmaceutical industry detection requirements, and the hyperspectral imaging with a wider wave band range gradually becomes an important component of high-end medical detection. The quality detection of intermediate products in the pharmaceutical intermediate process becomes a serious problem of modern pharmaceutical enterprises through a long pharmaceutical production process from raw medicines to finished medicines, the quality of the pharmaceutical intermediate products determines the quality of the finished medicines, the types and the quantity of the intermediate products of each finished medicine are various, the detection process is complex and changeable, and the quality detection method of the intermediate products at present usually adopts a gas chromatograph detection method, a liquid chromatograph and other pure chemical methods, and has the defects that the medicine needs to be subjected to chemical preparation pretreatment, the time consumption is long, the real-time detection cannot be realized, and the requirement of large-batch rapid detection is difficult. Therefore, there is a need for hyperspectral imaging techniques and methods that enable rapid and accurate non-destructive testing of pharmaceutical intermediates.
The hyperspectral imaging method adopts a hyperspectral camera scanning imaging mode, the spectral band range is between 400nm and 1700nm, the band number can reach more than 180, continuous two-dimensional space image information and one-dimensional spectral information of an observation target are obtained by utilizing the difference of absorbance or reflectance of different substances, and the difference of chemical components and substance compositions in a sample to be detected is fully revealed by researching the spectral distribution curve corresponding to each pixel point, so that rapid component analysis and real-time impurity detection of medicines are realized. The current hyperspectral imaging system mainly adopts an imaging design of a single mode, generally, only reflection spectrum imaging or only transmission spectrum imaging can be realized in the system, and the two imaging modes are difficult to integrate in one system, because the design of an optical path cannot simultaneously satisfy the two modes of reflection and transmission. Light from a light source is required to enter a camera lens for imaging after diffuse reflection is carried out on the surface of a sample which is tiled on a standard black cloth, the light source is usually arranged around the obliquely upper part of the sample, the camera is arranged right above the sample, and spectral information of the sample is collected by the camera by utilizing the reflection of the light; the transmission imaging needs to be provided with a transparent glass object placing plate, the light source needs to be arranged under the object placing plate, and the camera is arranged right above the object placing plate, so that light is transmitted from the liquid sample to collect spectral information of the light. The imaging modes of reflection and transmission have great differences in the trend of the light path and the sample carrying platform, so that most commercial hyperspectral imaging systems at present respectively assemble reflection imaging and transmission imaging by independent systems, and effective integration is difficult to achieve.
With the popularization of hyperspectral technology and the promotion of application requirements, a part of domestic scientific research institutions have tried to a certain extent in the aspect of dual-mode imaging, and patent CN109724699A introduces a Raman area array high-spectral reflection and transmission dual-mode imaging system, and the system rotates a linear laser from the upper part of a sample to the lower part of the sample by utilizing a motor rotating mechanism, so that the switching of reflection and transmission modes is realized, the problem of integration of reflection and transmission in one system is solved by the mode, a brand-new idea is provided for dual-mode imaging, but the complexity of the system is greatly increased by utilizing a rotating mechanism to change the position of the linear laser, and the switching of two imaging modes is unfavorable. Patent CN109060670B describes a reflection-transmission integrated hyperspectral imaging system, which uses a plurality of light sources to be respectively placed above and below a sample, and implements switching of different imaging modes by switching light source switches.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system and method for medical detection, and by researching and designing reflection and transmission light paths, not only can the acquisition of spectral images of solid and liquid reagents of medicines be realized, but also the function of rapid switching of imaging modes can be realized, and the system and method have the advantages of convenience and rapidness in detection and convenience in maintenance.
The invention discloses a hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection, which comprises a first light source, a second light source, a hyperspectral camera, a sample table, a sliding assembly, a plane reflector, a dodging panel and a control device, wherein the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera are sequentially arranged from left to right, the centers of the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera are positioned on the left side of the sample table, the hyperspectral camera is positioned on the right side of the sample table, the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera form a transmission imaging device, the plane reflector and the second light source are arranged above the sample table according to a preset angle, the second light source, the plane reflector and the hyperspectral camera form a reflection imaging device, the hyperspectral camera is slidably arranged on the sliding assembly, the hyperspectral camera is connected with the control device, a compression sensing module is arranged on the hyperspectral camera, and the compression sensing module adopts a preset regularized orthogonal matching tracking reconstruction algorithm to realize compression reconstruction of images.
Further, the input and output of the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm are respectively:
the input is: (1) An observation matrix Y, namely an observation value of the original signal after being coded by the measurement matrix;
(3) M×n sensing matrix a=Φψ, where Φ is the measurement matrix, size is m×n, ψ is the sparse matrix, size is n×n, M, N are both positive integers;
(3) Determining the quality effect of the final reconstructed image by the signal sparsity K;
the output is: reconstructed sparse images
(1) Sparse estimation
(2) N x 1-dimensional residualY represents the observation vector, A W represents the column set of the sensing matrix A selected according to the index set obtained in the W-th iteration,/>Representing a sparse estimation value obtained by the W-th iteration; w represents a threshold of the number of iterations, w=k in value;
the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm comprises the following specific processes:
1) The initialization of r 0 = y, T=1; wherein r 0 represents the initialization residual and makes it equal to the observation vector Y, which is the column vector of the observation matrix Y; index-set 0 represents an initialization Index set, with an initial value of null set; a 0 represents a column set of the sensing matrix A selected according to an Index set Index-set 0, an initial value is an empty set, and t represents the number of iterations;
2) Maximum subset screening: calculating u=abs [ A Trt-1 ], wherein t is not less than 1 and not more than N, selecting W maximum values or all non-zero values in u, A T is a transposed matrix of the sensing matrix A, forming a column sequence set J by column sequence numbers J of A corresponding to all values selected from u, abs is a modulo value, and r t-1 is a residual value of t-1 th iteration;
3) Maximum subset regularization: searching a subset J 0 in a column sequence set J, meeting the condition that the absolute value of any element in the column sequence set J is not larger than the absolute value of any element left, and selecting J 0 with the maximum energy in all J 0 meeting the requirement;
4) For J ε J 0, let Index-set t＝Index-sett-1∪J0,At＝At-1∪aj,aj denote the J-th column of sensing matrix A, index-set t denote the set of indices for the t-th iteration, index-set t-1 denote the set of indices for the t-1 st iteration, A t denote the set of columns of sensing matrix A selected according to Index set Index-set t, A t-1 denote the set of columns of sensing matrix A selected according to Index set Index-set t-1;
5) The least squares solution for y=a tθt is found: Wherein θ t represents a sparse column vector for the t-th iteration of the image column signal,/> Sparse estimates representing θ t, argmin|·||
Represents the value of theta t at which the expression value is minimized,A transposed matrix of A t;
6) Updating residual errors
7) Increasing t iteration by 1, returning to the step 2) if t is less than or equal to W, stopping iteration to enter the step 8) if t is more than or equal to W or i Index-set t||0 is more than or equal to 2W or residual error r t =0, and i Index-set t||0 represents the element number of the Index set of the t iteration;
8) Obtained by the last iteration I.e. the reconstructed/>Is a value of (2);
9) Obtaining Then, a sparse matrix is utilized to obtain a reconstructed sparse image/>Ψ represents a sparse matrix, which is a fixed value obtained from the encoding device.
Further, the specific process of step 3) maximum subset regularization is as follows:
S1: the inner product value of the corresponding column sequence number in the column sequence set J is formed into a set Jval, the elements in the set Jval are arranged from large to small, k=0 is initialized, and the maximum energy value MaxE = -1;
s2: increment k by 1;
S3: selecting Jval (k) as a reference, initializing m=k, and enabling an energy value et=jval (k) 2;
S4: increment m by 1;
S5: judging whether the Jval (k) is less than or equal to 2Jval (m) is met, if so, adding the Et to the original foundation by using the Jval (m) 2, and returning to the step S4; if not, the step S6 is entered;
S6: judging whether Et > MaxE is satisfied, if not, proceeding to step S7; if so, then assign Et value to MaxE and J 0 =j (1:m), then go to step S7, where J (1:m) represents the first m elements of vector J making up the sub-vector;
S7: judging whether k < W is true or not, if so, entering a step S2; if not, go to step 4).
Further, the hyperspectral camera comprises an imaging lens, a hyperspectral light splitting module and a photoelectric detector which are sequentially arranged from left to right, the hyperspectral light splitting module is respectively connected with the imaging lens and the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is connected with the control device.
Further, the hyperspectral camera is horizontally arranged, and/or the light homogenizing panel is vertically arranged, and/or the plane reflecting mirror forms an included angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the installation height of the plane reflecting mirror is higher than that of the second light source.
Further, the device also comprises a height adjusting device arranged on the sliding assembly, the height adjusting device is connected with a control device, and the control device realizes the adjustment of the sliding assembly in height by controlling the height adjusting device.
Further, the sliding assembly comprises a guide rail, a sliding block and a driving mechanism, wherein the guide rail is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction, the hyperspectral camera is connected with the guide rail through a connecting member, the sliding block is arranged on the connecting member and is connected with the driving mechanism, the sliding assembly can slide on the guide rail through driving of the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected with the control device.
Further, the number of the second light sources is four, and the four second light sources are uniformly distributed on the periphery above the sample table.
Further, the light homogenizing panel adopts a rotatable component to adjust the position of the light homogenizing panel, and the light homogenizing panel can be rotated for 180 degrees from top to bottom so as to adapt to illumination requirements in different imaging modes: in transmission imaging, the light homogenizing panel is rotated to the upper part and is higher than the surface of the sample table, the center of the light homogenizing panel coincides with the optical axis of the first light source, and the point light sources of the first light source are uniformly diffused into an area array light source so as to realize transmission imaging; during reflection imaging, the light homogenizing panel is rotated to the lower side and is lower than the surface of the sample table, so that the second light source can conveniently irradiate the medicine placed on the sample table.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a medical detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging method, which is characterized in that the method uses the medical detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system to detect, when reflection imaging is performed, the medical detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system detects by the following steps:
s100, placing a solid medicament on a sample stage;
S200, arranging the plane reflecting mirror and the second light source above the sample stage according to a preset angle, wherein the second light source, the plane reflecting mirror and the hyperspectral camera form a reflection imaging device;
s300, slidably mounting the hyperspectral camera on a sliding assembly;
s400, adjusting the position of the hyperspectral camera, and combining the plane reflector to acquire imaging data of the solid medicament on the sample stage in the lateral direction of the hyperspectral camera;
s500, realizing compression reconstruction of images in the imaging data through a compression sensing module arranged on a hyperspectral camera;
when transmission imaging is carried out, the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection detects by the following steps:
s100', placing a liquid medicament bottle on a sample stage;
s200', arranging a first light source, a light homogenizing panel and a hyperspectral camera in sequence from left to right, arranging the first light source and the light homogenizing panel on the left side of a sample table, arranging the hyperspectral camera on the right side of the sample table, and forming a reflection imaging device by the second light source, a plane reflector and the hyperspectral camera;
S300', the hyperspectral camera is slidably arranged on the sliding assembly, and the center points of the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera are on the same straight line by adjusting the position of the hyperspectral camera;
S400', the hyperspectral camera is combined with the light homogenizing panel to acquire imaging data of the liquid medicament in the liquid medicament bottle on the sample stage in the lateral direction;
S500', realizing compression reconstruction of images in the imaging data through a compression sensing module arranged on the hyperspectral camera.
According to the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system and the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging method for medicine detection, reflection imaging after light path adjustment can be achieved for medicine solid tablet detection, transmission imaging of various liquid containers is achieved for medicine liquid reagent detection, hyperspectral dual-mode image data acquisition is achieved, a transmission imaging device is placed at a horizontal position during transmission imaging, light rays penetrate through a light homogenizing panel from a first light source placed horizontally and then penetrate through liquid reagents, and finally the light rays enter a hyperspectral camera to achieve imaging; during reflection imaging, the second light source is placed above the sample stage according to a preset angle, surface reflected light of the sample is input into a lens of the hyperspectral camera to achieve imaging through a diffuse reflection mode by means of the plane mirror, compression reconstruction processing is conducted on hyperspectral data on an imaging picture by means of regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm, and rapid imaging of the system can be guaranteed. The method is different from the traditional hyperspectral imaging data acquisition system, can be oriented to solid medicaments in various forms and liquid medicaments in various containing forms, and is suitable for rapid hyperspectral reflection transmission imaging in medicine detection; on the premise of ensuring imaging quality, the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm greatly reduces the data acquisition quantity of an image acquisition end and ensures the rapid imaging of an imaging system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, illustrate and explain the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a top view of a medical detection hyperspectral dual modality imaging system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a reflective imaging device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a transmission imaging apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a regularized orthogonal matching pursuit method of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram showing the technical effect of the compression reconstruction of hyperspectral images of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
First light source-1 second light source-2
Imaging lens-3 hyperspectral light-splitting module-4
Photoelectric detector-5 sample stage-6
Solid medicament-8 for light homogenizing panel-7
Plane mirror-9 guide rail-10
Liquid medicine bottle-11 control device-12
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In the present invention, the directions such as "left and right", "front and rear", and the like are used with reference to the view shown in fig. 1. The terms "first" and "second" are used primarily to distinguish between different components, but do not impose a specific limitation on the components.
The hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection in the embodiment comprises a first light source 1, a second light source 2, a hyperspectral camera, a sample table 6, a sliding component, a plane reflector 9, a light homogenizing panel 7 and a control device 12, wherein the first light source 1, the light homogenizing panel 7 and the hyperspectral camera are sequentially arranged from left to right, the center points of the first light source 1, the light homogenizing panel 7 are positioned on the left side of the sample table 6, the hyperspectral camera is positioned on the right side of the sample table 6, the first light source 1, the light homogenizing panel 7 and the hyperspectral camera form a transmission imaging device, the plane reflector 9 and the second light source 2 are arranged above the sample table 6 according to a preset angle, the second light source 2, the plane reflector 9 and the hyperspectral camera form a reflection imaging device, the hyperspectral camera is slidably arranged on the sliding component, the hyperspectral camera is connected with the control device 12, and a compressed sensing module is arranged on the hyperspectral camera, and the compressed sensing module adopts a preset regularized orthogonal matching tracking reconstruction algorithm to realize compressed reconstruction of images. It should be noted that, the first light source 1 is a transmissive light source of a bromine tungsten lamp, the second light source 2 is a reflective light source of a bromine tungsten lamp, the spectrum range of the second light source 2 is 350-2500nm, the band range includes the whole range of the visible light band and a part of the short wave infrared band, the wide band light source can effectively ensure the imaging of the whole band, multiple repeated push-broom imaging by adopting multiple types of light sources is avoided, the work flow of a hyperspectral camera is reduced, and the complexity of the instrument structure is reduced;
The invention can be used for carrying out reflection imaging after light path adjustment aiming at medicine solid tablet detection, and can be used for carrying out transmission imaging of various liquid containers by medicine liquid reagent detection, so that hyperspectral dual-mode image data acquisition is carried out, and reflection imaging and transmission imaging can be realized. When in transmission imaging, the transmission imaging device is placed at a horizontal position, light rays penetrate through the dodging panel 7 from the first light source 1 placed horizontally and then penetrate through the liquid reagent, and finally enter the hyperspectral camera to realize imaging; during reflection imaging, the second light source 2 is placed above the sample table 6 according to a preset angle, surface reflection light of a sample is input into a lens of the hyperspectral camera to achieve imaging through a diffuse reflection mode by means of the plane mirror 9, compression reconstruction processing is conducted on hyperspectral data on an imaging picture through a regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm, and rapid imaging of the system can be guaranteed. The method is different from the traditional hyperspectral imaging data acquisition system, can be oriented to solid medicaments in various forms and liquid medicaments in various containing forms, and is suitable for rapid hyperspectral reflection transmission imaging in medicine detection; on the premise of ensuring imaging quality, the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm greatly reduces the data acquisition quantity of an image acquisition end and ensures the imaging system to rapidly image.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2-3, the hyperspectral camera is placed horizontally, the light homogenizing panel 7 is arranged vertically, the plane mirror 9 forms an included angle of 45 ° with the horizontal plane, specifically, the reflecting surface of the plane mirror 9 is arranged downward, and the installation height of the plane mirror 9 is higher than that of the second light source 2, so that the second light source 2 for illumination is prevented from entering the field of view of the hyperspectral camera. As shown in fig. 2, in reflection imaging, in view of the fact that the hyperspectral camera is horizontally placed, the hyperspectral camera collects reflected light from the horizontal direction, the reflected light is from a plane mirror 9 forming an included angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the plane mirror 9 reflects diffuse reflected light on the surface of the solid medicament 8 vertically below to the hyperspectral camera for imaging through 90 degrees; the light irradiated on the surface of the solid medicament 8 comes from the second light sources 2, the number of the second light sources 2 is preferably four, the four second light sources 2 are uniformly distributed around the upper part of the sample stage 6, specifically, the four second light sources 2 are distributed at four corners obliquely above the sample stage 6, the four second light sources 2 are symmetrically arranged in pairs, the light is fully projected on the surface of the solid medicament, and the symmetrical light source distribution gives uniform and symmetrical illumination intensity to the solid medicament 8. It should be clear that the number of second light sources 2 may be six, and of course, the number of second light sources 2 may be other and more, and the technical effects of the present invention may be achieved. It should be noted that, the above-mentioned plane mirror 9 adopts special coating film, has broadband high reflectivity to the light of visible light to short wave infrared band, reduces the transmission attenuation of optical energy, realizes the optical reflection imaging of broadband, and when the installation height of plane mirror 9 is higher than second light source 2, the lower projection area of plane mirror 9 is greater than sample platform 6 area to accomplish and cover completely, the surface coating film of plane mirror 9 has broadband high reflectivity to the light of visible light to short wave infrared band, can reduce the transmission attenuation of optical energy, realizes the optical reflection imaging of broadband. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 3, in view of the horizontal placement of the hyperspectral camera, the hyperspectral camera collects the transmitted light from the horizontal direction, the transmitted light is from the horizontal light projected by the first light source 1 placed in the horizontal direction, the horizontal light of the first light source 1 passes through the light homogenizing panel 7 placed vertically, the light homogenizing panel 7 uniformly diffuses the point light source into an area array light source, and after the transparent liquid reagent bottles such as the liquid reagent bottle 11 placed above the sample table 6 are polished by the area array light source, the transmitted light passing through the bottle body enters the lens of the hyperspectral camera, so that the transmission imaging of the liquid medicine reagent is realized.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection of the present invention further includes a height adjustment device mounted on the sliding assembly, the height adjustment device being connected to the control device 12, the control device 12 realizing adjustment of the sliding assembly in height by controlling the height adjustment device; the sliding assembly comprises a guide rail 10, a sliding block and a driving mechanism, wherein the guide rail 10 is horizontally arranged along the front-back direction, the hyperspectral camera is connected with the guide rail 10 through a connecting component, the sliding block is arranged on the connecting component and connected with the driving mechanism, the sliding block can slide on the guide rail 10 through driving of the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected with the control device 12. The invention can control the precise movement step length of the hyperspectral camera in the horizontal direction of the guide rail 10 through the control device 12, the driving mechanism, the sliding block and the connecting component, and can adjust the height of the hyperspectral camera in the centimeter level in the vertical direction through the height adjusting device and the control device 12. The precise movement of the guide rail 10 on the level can ensure the precise step-length push-broom imaging of the hyperspectral camera, the moving push-broom imaging of the camera end is different from the moving imaging of the sample end, and the conditions that the imaging quality distortion, the imaging area change and the like of the sample caused by the shake of the sample table 6 in the moving process influence the imaging effect can be avoided. Through the process, the control error of the horizontal movement step length can reach the level of 20 microns, and stable, accurate and high-quality imaging of the hyperspectral camera in the push-broom process can be ensured. The height adjustment function is to help the hyperspectral camera flexibly adjust the camera height in different imaging modes so as to facilitate the rapid switching of reflective imaging and transmissive imaging. The driving mechanism is preferably a motor, but not limited to this, and may be a motor, an oil cylinder, or the like.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the hyperspectral camera comprises an imaging lens 3, a hyperspectral light splitting module 4 and a photoelectric detector 5 which are sequentially arranged from left to right, the hyperspectral light splitting module 4 is respectively connected with the imaging lens 3 and the photoelectric detector 5, the photoelectric detector 5 is connected with a control device 12, the hyperspectral camera can perform hyperspectral imaging on any solid or liquid medicament placed on a sample stage 6, and when the solid medicament 8 is subjected to reflection imaging, the hyperspectral camera is horizontally placed and the height of the hyperspectral camera is adjusted to be the same as that of a plane reflector 9 by a height adjusting mechanism, so that the field of view of the camera is ensured to completely cover the sample stage 6. In a reflection imaging light path designed by a reflection imaging device, the imaging lens 3 of the hyperspectral camera is combined with a plane mirror 9 to acquire imaging data of the solid medicament 8 on the sample stage 6 in the lateral direction; in a transmission imaging optical path designed by a transmission imaging device, a body transmission imaging of a liquid medicine bottle 11 such as a penicillin bottle is realized in combination with a first light source 1 standing sideways. In addition, the combination of the sliding assembly can realize the precise scanning imaging of the hyperspectral camera in the horizontal direction, and the combination of the compression sensing module arranged as described above can realize the compression reconstruction of the image.
Further, referring to fig. 4, in the present invention, the input and output of the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm are respectively:
the input is: (1) An observation matrix Y, namely an observation value of the original signal after being coded by the measurement matrix;
(4) M×n sensing matrix a=Φψ, where Φ is the measurement matrix, size is m×n, ψ is the sparse matrix, size is n×n, M, N are both positive integers;
(3) Determining the quality effect of the final reconstructed image by the signal sparsity K;
the output is: reconstructed sparse images
(1) Sparse estimation
(2) N x 1-dimensional residualY represents the observation vector, A W represents the column set of the sensing matrix A selected according to the index set obtained in the W-th iteration,/>Representing a sparse estimation value obtained by the W-th iteration; w represents a threshold of the number of iterations, w=k in value;
the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm comprises the following specific processes:
1) The initialization of r 0 = y, T=1; wherein r 0 represents the initialization residual and makes it equal to the observation vector Y, which is the column vector of the observation matrix Y; index-set 0 represents an initialization Index set, with an initial value of null set; a 0 represents a column set of the sensing matrix A selected according to an Index set Index-set 0, an initial value is an empty set, and t represents the number of iterations;
2) Maximum subset screening: calculating u=abs [ A Trt-1 ], wherein t is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and selecting W maximum values or all non-zero values in u (the premise of all the non-zero values is that the number of the non-zero coordinates is less than W), A T is a transposed matrix of the sensing matrix A, column sequence numbers J of A corresponding to all the values selected from u form a column sequence set J, abs [. Cndot. ] represents a modular value, and r t-1 represents a residual value of t-1 th iteration;
3) Maximum subset regularization: searching a subset J 0 in a column sequence set J, meeting the condition that the absolute value of any element in the column sequence set J is not larger than the absolute value of any element left, and selecting J 0 with the maximum energy in all J 0 meeting the requirement;
preferably, the specific process of this step is as follows:
S1: the inner product value of the corresponding column sequence number in the column sequence set J is formed into a set Jval, the elements in the set Jval are arranged from large to small, k=0 is initialized, and the maximum energy value MaxE = -1;
s2: increment k by 1;
S3: selecting Jval (k) as a reference, initializing m=k, and enabling an energy value et=jval (k) 2;
S4: increment m by 1;
S5: judging whether the Jval (k) is less than or equal to 2Jval (m) is met, if so, adding the Et to the original foundation by using the Jval (m) 2, and returning to the step S4; if not, the step S6 is entered;
S6: judging whether Et > MaxE is satisfied, if not, proceeding to step S7; if so, then assign Et value to MaxE and J 0 =j (1:m), then go to step S7, where J (1:m) represents the first m elements of vector J making up the sub-vector;
s7: judging whether k < W is true or not, if so, entering a step S2; if not, go to step 4).
4) For J ε J 0, let Index-set t＝Index-sett-1∪J0,At＝At-1∪aj,aj denote the J-th column of sensing matrix A, index-set t denote the set of indices for the t-th iteration, index-set t-1 denote the set of indices for the t-1 st iteration, A t denote the set of columns of sensing matrix A selected according to Index set Index-set t, A t-1 denote the set of columns of sensing matrix A selected according to Index set Index-set t-1;
5) The least squares solution for y=a tθt is found: Wherein θ t represents a sparse column vector for the t-th iteration of the image column signal,/> Representing sparse estimates of θ t, argmin|·| representing values of θ t when the expression values are minimized,/>A transposed matrix of A t;
6) Updating residual errors
7) Increasing t iteration by 1, returning to the step 2) if t is less than or equal to W, stopping iteration to enter the step 8) if t is more than or equal to W or i Index-set t||0 is more than or equal to 2W or residual error r t =0, and i Index-set t||0 represents the element number of the Index set of the t iteration;
8) Obtained by the last iteration I.e. the reconstructed/>Is a value of (2);
9) Obtaining Then, a sparse matrix is utilized to obtain a reconstructed sparse image/>Ψ represents a sparse matrix, which is a fixed value obtained from the encoding device.
Fig. 5 is a technical effect diagram of compression reconstruction hyperspectral image according to the present invention, (a) shows a true original image, (b) shows an image to be reconstructed after the imaging system codes, and (c) shows a reconstruction effect diagram. From this, it can be seen that: the reconstruction effect diagram after passing through the imaging system is basically the same as the real original diagram, and the image reduction degree is high.
In addition, in a further technical scheme, the light homogenizing panel 7 is preferably made of frosted glass, the frosted glass has the function of uniformly diffusing light, and the light homogenizing panel 7 is placed between the first light source 1 and the liquid medicament bottle 11 to effectively prevent a point light source from directly entering the imaging lens 3 of the hyperspectral camera, so that the situation of local overexposure is avoided. The dodging panel 7 adopts a rotatable component to adjust the position, and can rotate 180 degrees from top to bottom so as to adapt to illumination requirements in different imaging modes: in transmission imaging, the light homogenizing panel 7 is rotated to the upper part and is higher than the surface of the sample table 6, the center of the light homogenizing panel 7 coincides with the optical axis of the first light source 1, and the point light sources of the first light source 1 are uniformly diffused into area array light sources so as to realize transmission imaging; in reflection imaging, the light homogenizing panel 7 is rotated to the lower side and is lower than the surface of the sample stage 6, so that the second light source 2 can conveniently irradiate the medicine placed on the sample stage 6.
Meanwhile, it is worth mentioning that the sample stage 6 is a stationary object placing platform, and the surface of the sample stage 6 is paved with a flat black light-absorbing cloth which is used as a standard black background in reflection imaging, and the light-absorbing cloth has the characteristics of low light reflectivity, uniform surface texture, no pilling and stable chemical property, and the hyperspectral imaging influence of the background on the solid medicament is reduced to the greatest extent.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a hyperspectral dual-mode imaging method for medical detection, the method employing the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection as described above, the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection detecting when performing reflection imaging, by:
S100, placing the solid medicament 8 on the sample stage 6;
S200, arranging the plane reflecting mirror 9 and the second light source 2 above the sample stage 6 according to a preset angle, wherein the second light source 2, the plane reflecting mirror 9 and the hyperspectral camera form a reflection imaging device;
s300, slidably mounting the hyperspectral camera on a sliding assembly;
s400, adjusting the position of the hyperspectral camera, and combining the plane mirror 9 to realize imaging data acquisition of the hyperspectral camera on the solid medicament 8 on the sample stage 6 in the lateral direction;
s500, realizing compression reconstruction of images in the imaging data through a compression sensing module arranged on a hyperspectral camera;
when transmission imaging is carried out, the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection detects by the following steps:
s100', placing the liquid medicament bottle 11 on the sample stage 6;
s200', arranging a first light source 1, a light homogenizing panel 7 and a hyperspectral camera in sequence from left to right, arranging the first light source 1 and the light homogenizing panel 7 on the left side of a sample table 6, arranging the hyperspectral camera on the right side of the sample table 6, and forming a reflection imaging device by the second light source 2, a plane mirror 9 and the hyperspectral camera;
S300', the hyperspectral camera is slidably arranged on the sliding assembly, and the center points of the first light source 1, the light homogenizing panel 7 and the hyperspectral camera are on the same straight line by adjusting the position of the hyperspectral camera;
S400', the hyperspectral camera is combined with the light homogenizing panel 7 to acquire imaging data of the liquid medicament in the liquid medicament bottle 11 on the sample table 6 in the lateral direction;
S500', realizing compression reconstruction of images in the imaging data through a compression sensing module arranged on the hyperspectral camera.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1) Different from a vertical optical axis, the invention mainly aims to solve the problems that bubbles generated in liquid medicament imaging float on the upper surface of the liquid, the liquid medicament has the characteristic of poor flowability, the generated bubbles are different in size and different in density, the bubbles are particularly difficult to eliminate, and the bubbles are difficult to quickly eliminate in a quick physical mode, so that an imaging thought of a horizontal optical axis is determined, a first light source 1, a light homogenizing panel 7 and a hyperspectral camera are sequentially arranged from left to right, the center points of the first light source 1 and the light homogenizing panel 7 are positioned on the left side of a sample table 6, the hyperspectral camera is positioned on the right side of the sample table 6, the optical axis is transmitted through from the side surface of the liquid, the limitation that light rays pass through the bubbles to influence the integral imaging of the liquid medicament is skillfully avoided, clear bubble-free imaging of uniform liquid medicament is realized, and image processing application requirements such as foreign body detection and component analysis of the liquid medicament are conveniently realized.
2) The reflection imaging comprises a second light source 2, a sample stage 6, a plane mirror 9 and a hyperspectral camera, wherein a reflection light path does not directly enter a camera lens from the surface of the sample, but the direction of the light path is deflected by 90 degrees by means of the plane mirror 9 which is arranged right above the sample stage 6, so that the hyperspectral camera can also realize reflection imaging in the lateral direction, the hyperspectral camera is arranged in a manner of horizontally arranging the side face, and the main purpose is to avoid the influence of bubbles on imaging quality in transmission imaging, so that the direction of the light path must be changed by means of the plane mirror 9 which is arranged right above the sample stage 6 when the reflection imaging light path is designed, and hyperspectral imaging of solid medicament on the surface of the sample stage 6 is realized.
3) According to the invention, the hyperspectral camera is bound with the horizontally arranged guide rail 10 through the connecting component and the sliding block, the control device 12 controls the hyperspectral camera to stably move along the guide rail 10 in a precise step length so as to realize push-broom imaging of the hyperspectral camera, the height adjusting device supports the height change of the hyperspectral camera in the vertical direction so as to adapt to inconsistent requirements of reflection imaging and transmission imaging on the height of the camera, and the requirement on the height adjusting precision in the vertical direction is not high compared with precise movement control on the horizontal guide rail 10, and only the centimeter-level precision is required.
4) The invention adopts Regularized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (ROMP) reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct compressed high-spectrum data into an original signal image, reduces the data acquisition pressure of a camera end, and simultaneously reconstructs the maximum range into an uncompressed original image, thereby providing high-precision image information for the follow-up accurate detection and analysis of medical images.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection is characterized by comprising a first light source, a second light source, a hyperspectral camera, a sample table, a sliding assembly, a plane reflecting mirror, a dodging panel and a control device, wherein the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera are sequentially arranged from left to right, the center points of the first light source and the hyperspectral camera are on the same straight line, the first light source and the dodging panel are both positioned on the left side of the sample table, the hyperspectral camera is positioned on the right side of the sample table, the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera form a transmission imaging device, the plane reflecting mirror and the second light source are both arranged above the sample table according to a preset angle, the second light source, the plane reflecting mirror and the hyperspectral camera form a reflection imaging device, the hyperspectral camera is glidingly arranged on the sliding assembly, the hyperspectral camera is connected with the control device, and the hyperspectral camera is provided with a compressed sensing module, and the compressed sensing module adopts a preset regularized orthogonal matching reconstruction algorithm to realize compressed reconstruction of images;
the input and output of the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm are respectively as follows:
the input is: (1) An observation matrix Y, namely an observation value of the original signal after being coded by the measurement matrix;
(2) M×n sensing matrix a=Φψ, where Φ is the measurement matrix, size is m×n, ψ is the sparse matrix, size is n×n, M, N are both positive integers;
(3) Determining the quality effect of the final reconstructed image by the signal sparsity K;
the output is: reconstructed sparse images
(1) Sparse estimation
(2) N x 1-dimensional residualY represents the observation vector, A W represents the column set of the sensing matrix A selected according to the index set obtained in the W-th iteration,/>Representing a sparse estimation value obtained by the W-th iteration; w represents a threshold of the number of iterations, w=k in value;
the regularized orthogonal matching pursuit reconstruction algorithm comprises the following specific processes:
1) The initialization of r 0 = y, T=1; wherein r 0 represents the initialization residual and makes it equal to the observation vector Y, which is the column vector of the observation matrix Y; index-set 0 represents an initialization Index set, with an initial value of null set; a 0 represents a column set of the sensing matrix A selected according to an Index set Index-set 0, an initial value is an empty set, and t represents the number of iterations;
2) Maximum subset screening: calculating u=abs [ A Trt-1 ], wherein t is not less than 1 and not more than N, selecting W maximum values or all non-zero values in u, wherein A T is a transposed matrix of a sensing matrix A, forming a column sequence set J by column sequence numbers J of A corresponding to all values selected from u, abs [ DEG ] represents a modulo value, and r t-1 represents a residual value of t-1 th iteration;
3) Maximum subset regularization: searching a subset J 0 in a column sequence set J, wherein the absolute value of any element in the column sequence set J is not larger than the absolute value of any element left, and selecting J 0 with the maximum energy in all J 0 meeting the requirement;
4) For J ε J 0, let Index-set t＝Index-sett-1∪J0,At＝At-1∪aj,aj denote the J-th column of sensing matrix A, index-set t denote the Index set of the t-th iteration, index-set t-1 denote the Index set of the t-1 st iteration, A t denote the column set of sensing matrix A selected according to Index set Index-set t, A t-1 denote the column set of sensing matrix A selected according to Index set Index-set t-1;
5) The least squares solution for y=a tθt is found: Wherein θ t represents a sparse column vector for the t-th iteration of the image column signal,/> Representing sparse estimates of θ t, argmin|·| representing values of θ t when the expression values are minimized,/>A transposed matrix of A t;
6) Updating residual errors
7) Increasing t iteration by 1, returning to the step 2) if t is less than or equal to W, stopping iteration to enter the step 8) if t is more than or equal to W or i Index-set t||0 is more than or equal to 2W or residual error r t =0, and i Index-set t||0 represents the element number of the Index set of the t iteration;
8) Obtained by the last iteration I.e. the reconstructed/>Is a value of (2);
9) Obtaining Then, a sparse matrix is utilized to obtain a reconstructed sparse image/>Ψ represents a sparse matrix, which is a fixed value obtained from the encoding device.
2. The medical detection hyperspectral dual modality imaging system of claim 1, wherein the specific procedure of step 3) maximum subset regularization is as follows:
S1: the inner product value of the corresponding column sequence number in the column sequence set J is formed into a set Jval, the elements in the set Jval are arranged from large to small, k=0 is initialized, and the maximum energy value MaxE = -1;
s2: increment k by 1;
S3: selecting Jval (k) as a reference, initializing m=k, and enabling an energy value et=jval (k) 2;
S4: increment m by 1;
S5: judging whether the Jval (k) is less than or equal to 2Jval (m) is met, if so, adding the Et to the original foundation by using the Jval (m) 2, and returning to the step S4; if not, the step S6 is entered;
S6: judging whether Et > MaxE is satisfied, if not, proceeding to step S7; if so, then assign Et value to MaxE and J 0 =j (1:m), then go to step S7, where J (1:m) represents the first m elements of vector J making up the sub-vector;
S7: judging whether k < W is true or not, if so, entering a step S2; if not, go to step 4).
3. The medical detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system according to claim 2, wherein the hyperspectral camera comprises an imaging lens, a hyperspectral light splitting module and a photoelectric detector which are sequentially arranged from left to right, the hyperspectral light splitting module is respectively connected with the imaging lens and the photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is connected with the control device.
4. A hyperspectral dual mode imaging system for medical detection as claimed in claim 3 wherein the hyperspectral camera is placed horizontally and/or the light homogenizing panel is arranged vertically and/or the planar mirror forms an angle of 45 ° with the horizontal plane and the mounting height of the planar mirror is higher than the second light source.
5. The medical detection hyperspectral dual modality imaging system of any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a height adjustment device mounted on the runner assembly, the height adjustment device being connected to a control device that effects adjustment of the runner assembly in height by controlling the height adjustment device.
6. The medical detection hyperspectral dual mode imaging system of claim 5, wherein the sliding assembly comprises a guide rail, a sliding block and a driving mechanism, the guide rail is horizontally arranged along the front-rear direction, the hyperspectral camera is connected with the guide rail through a connecting member, the sliding block is arranged on the connecting member and connected with the driving mechanism, the sliding block slides on the guide rail through the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is connected with the control device.
7. The medical detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system of claim 1, wherein the number of the second light sources is four, and the four second light sources are uniformly distributed around the upper part of the sample stage.
8. The medical detection hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system of claim 1, wherein the light homogenizing panel adopts a rotating member to adjust the position of the light homogenizing panel, and the light homogenizing panel rotates 180 degrees from top to bottom to adapt to illumination requirements in different imaging modes: in transmission imaging, the light homogenizing panel is rotated to the upper part and is higher than the surface of the sample table, the center of the light homogenizing panel coincides with the optical axis of the first light source, and the point light sources of the first light source are uniformly diffused into an area array light source so as to realize transmission imaging; during reflection imaging, the light homogenizing panel is rotated to the lower side and is lower than the surface of the sample table, so that the second light source can conveniently irradiate the medicine placed on the sample table.
9. A medical detection hyperspectral dual mode imaging method, characterized in that the method is performed by using the medical detection hyperspectral dual mode imaging system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and when reflection imaging is performed, the medical detection hyperspectral dual mode imaging system is performed by the following steps:
s100, placing a solid medicament on a sample stage;
S200, arranging the plane reflecting mirror and the second light source above the sample stage according to a preset angle, wherein the second light source, the plane reflecting mirror and the hyperspectral camera form a reflection imaging device;
s300, slidingly mounting the hyperspectral camera on a sliding assembly;
S400, adjusting the position of the hyperspectral camera, and combining the plane reflector to acquire imaging data of the solid medicament on the sample stage in the lateral direction of the hyperspectral camera;
s500, realizing compression reconstruction of images in the imaging data through a compression sensing module arranged on a hyperspectral camera;
When transmission imaging is carried out, the hyperspectral dual-mode imaging system for medical detection detects through the following steps:
s100', placing a liquid medicament bottle on a sample stage;
S200', arranging a first light source, a light homogenizing panel and a hyperspectral camera in sequence from left to right, arranging the first light source and the light homogenizing panel on the left side of a sample table, arranging the hyperspectral camera on the right side of the sample table, and forming a reflection imaging device by the second light source, a plane reflector and the hyperspectral camera;
S300', slidingly mounting the hyperspectral camera on the sliding assembly, and enabling the center points of the first light source, the dodging panel and the hyperspectral camera to be on the same straight line by adjusting the position of the hyperspectral camera;
s400', the hyperspectral camera is combined with the light homogenizing panel to acquire imaging data of the liquid medicament in the liquid medicament bottle on the sample stage in the lateral direction;
S500', realizing compression reconstruction of images in the imaging data through a compression sensing module arranged on the hyperspectral camera.
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