CN114003309A - Software module loading method and device based on microprocessor - Google Patents
Software module loading method and device based on microprocessor Download PDFInfo
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- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
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Abstract
The application discloses a software module loading method based on a microprocessor, which is applied to the microprocessor comprising an RAM. In order to save RAM resources, a first shared space is planned in the RAM, and the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules. The first shared space is used for storing data of the software modules to be operated, and at any moment, the first shared space is used for storing the data of the software module to be operated in the software modules, but not storing the data of other software modules except the software module to be operated in the software modules, so that RAM resources are saved. When the first software module needs to be operated, the data of the first software module is obtained from the first shared space, and the program code of the first software module is obtained, so that the first software module is operated according to the program of the first software module and the data of the first software module. The scheme can effectively save RAM resources, thereby realizing more functions by using the limited RAM resources.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of microprocessors, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for loading a software module based on a microprocessor.
Background
A Microprocessor (MCU) has a weak operation capability due to limited resources, such as Random Access Memory (RAM). However, microprocessors are very low cost and, therefore, are widely used. For example, internet of things devices, network devices, industrial intelligent sensors, intelligent meters, power tools, intelligent lighting devices, and the like may include a microprocessor.
How to use the limited resources of the microprocessor to realize more functions is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the application is how to realize more functions by using limited resources of a microprocessor, and a method and a device for loading a software module of the microprocessor are provided.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for loading a software module based on a microprocessor, where the software module is applied to the microprocessor, where the microprocessor includes a random access memory RAM, and the method includes:
acquiring a program code of a first software module and data of the first software module; the RAM comprises a first shared space, the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules, and the first shared space is used for storing data of a software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules at a first moment and not storing data of other software modules except the software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules;
and operating the first software module according to the program codes and the data.
Optionally, the microprocessor further includes a FLASH memory, and the acquiring a program code of the first software module and data of the first software module includes:
acquiring a program code of the first software module from the FLASH memory;
and acquiring data of the first software module from the first shared space.
Optionally, the first shared space is used for storing readable and writable data of the first software module, and read-only data of the first software module is stored in the FLASH memory;
the obtaining data of the first software module from the first shared space includes:
and acquiring the readable and writable data of the first software module from the first shared space, and acquiring the read-only data of the first software module from the FLASH memory.
Optionally, at the first time, the first shared space is further used for storing the program code of the software module to be run, but not storing the program code of the software module;
the acquiring the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module comprises:
program code of the first software module and data of the first software module are obtained from the first shared space.
Optionally, the microprocessor further includes a FLASH memory, where the FLASH memory includes a first compressed file, and the first compressed file is obtained by compressing according to the data of each software module and the program code of each software module; before obtaining the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module from the first shared space, the method further comprises:
and decompressing the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module included in the first compressed file to the first shared space.
Optionally, the plurality of software modules are independent of each other, wherein two software modules without function dependency and variable dependency are independent of each other.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a software module loading apparatus based on a microprocessor, which is applied to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor includes a random access memory RAM, and the apparatus includes:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire a program code of a first software module and data of the first software module; the RAM comprises a first shared space, the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules, and the first shared space is used for storing data of a software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules at a first moment and not storing data of other software modules except the software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules;
and the running unit is used for running the first software module according to the program codes and the data.
Optionally, the microprocessor further includes a FLASH memory, and the acquiring unit is configured to:
acquiring a program code of the first software module from the FLASH memory;
and acquiring data of the first software module from the first shared space.
Optionally, the first shared space is used for storing readable and writable data of the first software module, and read-only data of the first software module is stored in the FLASH memory;
the obtaining data of the first software module from the first shared space includes:
and acquiring the readable and writable data of the first software module from the first shared space, and acquiring the read-only data of the first software module from the FLASH memory.
Optionally, at the first time, the first shared space is further used for storing the program code of the software module to be run, but not storing the program code of the software module;
the acquisition unit is configured to:
program code of the first software module and data of the first software module are obtained from the first shared space.
Optionally, the microprocessor further includes a FLASH memory, where the FLASH memory includes a first compressed file, and the first compressed file is obtained by compressing according to the data of each software module and the program code of each software module; the device further comprises:
a decompression unit, configured to decompress, to the first shared space, the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module included in the first compressed file before acquiring the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module from the first shared space.
Optionally, the plurality of software modules are independent of each other, wherein two software modules without function dependency and variable dependency are independent of each other.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a microprocessor, including: a processor, a memory, a system bus; the processor and the memory are connected through the system bus; the memory is for storing one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of the above first aspects.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions that, when executed on a terminal device, cause the terminal device to perform the method of any one of the above first aspects.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which when run on a terminal device, causes the terminal device to perform the method of any one of the above first aspects.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
the embodiment of the application provides a software module loading method based on a microprocessor, and in one example, the method can be applied to the microprocessor which comprises a RAM. In the embodiment of the present application, in order to save RAM resources, a first shared space may be planned in the RAM, where the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules. The first shared space may be used to store data associated with a plurality of software modules, but at any time (e.g., a first time), the first shared space is used to store data of a software module to be executed in the plurality of software modules, but not to store data of other software modules in the plurality of software modules except for the software module to be executed. In other words, at the first moment, the first shared space does not need to store the data of the plurality of software modules, and only needs to store the data of the software modules to be operated, so that the RAM resource is effectively saved. When a first software module needs to be run, the data of the first software module may be obtained from the first shared space, and the program code of the first software module may be obtained, so that the first software module is run according to the program of the first software module and the data of the first software module. Therefore, by the scheme, the RAM resource can be effectively saved, and more functions can be realized by using the limited RAM resource.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating resource usage of a microprocessor;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for loading software modules based on a microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating resource usage of another microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating resource usage of another microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a microprocessor-based software module loading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The inventors of the present application have found through research that a microprocessor may include RAM and FLASH memory. Wherein:
the RAM is convenient to read/write, the power failure content is lost, the price of unit storage space is much higher than that of a FLASH memory, and the RAM is generally used as a data memory.
The FLASH memory is very convenient to read, inconvenient to write and very slow in speed, power-down contents are not lost, the price of unit storage space is much lower than that of the RAM, and the FLASH memory is generally used as a program code memory.
Presently, microprocessors may run some software modules. Taking the first software module as an example, the first software module is operated, the software program of the first software module and the data of the first software module need to be acquired, and then the first software module is operated according to the software program of the software module and the data of the first software module. The data of the first software module may be values of variables in the software program of the first software module.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating resource usage of a microprocessor.
As shown in fig. 1:
prior to powering up the microprocessor: the FLASH memory stores software programs and data corresponding to the main module and each of the other software modules (C1-Cn).
After the microprocessor is powered up: the FLASH memory is stored with software programs and data respectively corresponding to the main module and each other software module (C1-Cn); the RAM is stored with data corresponding to the main module and each other software module.
When a certain software module (for example, a C1 software module) needs to be run, the program code of the C1 software module can be read from false, and the data of the C1 software module can be read from RAM, so that the C1 software module can be run.
As shown in fig. 1, each of the software modules C1-Cn occupies a part of the storage space in the RAM, so that the more software modules, the larger RAM space is occupied, which limits the number of software modules that can be run under the condition of limited RAM resources.
The main module is a module that needs to be executed after the microprocessor is powered on, and the main module can call other software modules.
The inventor of the present application has found that, for the respective software modules C1-Cn, if the software modules C1-Cn are independent of each other, and there is no dependency relationship between variables and no dependency relationship between functions, then the respective software modules C1-Cn will not be executed at the same time, and generally only one of the functional modules C1-Cn will be executed at the same time. If a shared space is divided in the RAM, and the shared space is used for storing data of the software module to be operated, and does not store data of other software modules except the software module to be operated, the size of the shared space is far smaller than the space required for storing data corresponding to the n software modules C1-Cn. Therefore, the occupation of the RAM resources can be effectively reduced, and the occupation of the RAM resources can not be additionally increased even if the software module is added.
Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides a software module loading method and device based on a microprocessor.
Various non-limiting embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Exemplary method
Referring to fig. 2, the flowchart of a method for loading a software module based on a microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to a microprocessor, and the microprocessor comprises a RAM. The method may for example comprise the steps of: S201-S202.
S201: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a program code of a first software module and data of the first software module, wherein the RAM comprises a first shared space, the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules, and the first shared space is used for storing data of a software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules at a first moment and not storing data of other software modules except the software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules.
In the embodiment of the application, the microprocessor comprises a FLASH memory besides the RAM. The FLASH memory can store the software programs of the software modules. In other words, the FLASH memory stores therein the software program of the first software module.
Thus, in one example, the program code of the first software module may be retrieved from the FLASH memory and the data of the first software module may be retrieved from the first shared space.
It should be noted that the data of the first software module may include read-only data and readable and writable data. In one example, to further save RAM resources, read-only data of the first software module may be stored in FLASH memory, while the first shared space stores readable and writable data of the first software module. For this case, when the data of the first software program is acquired, in a specific implementation, the read-only data of the first software program may be read from the FLASH memory, and the readable and writable data of the first software program may be read from the first shared space.
In addition, the readable and writable data of the first software module may include data with an initial value and data without an initial value. In one example, the FLASH memory may further store an initial value of the data of the first software program having an initial value in consideration of power failure or loss of the data in the RAM. Before executing S201, reading the initial value of the data with the initial value from the FLASH memory, and storing the initial value into the first memory space. The data with the initial value may correspond to a variable with the initial value, the data without the initial value may correspond to a variable without the initial value, and the initial value of the variable without the initial value is defaulted to 0.
In yet another example, the first shared space is used for storing software programs of software modules to be run in the plurality of software modules in addition to data of the software modules to be run in the plurality of software modules. Of course, at the first time, the first shared space is used for storing the program code of the software module to be operated, and not storing the program codes of other software modules. It is understood that, when the software module to be run is a first software module, the first shared space stores the software program of the first software module and the data of the first software module. Thus, for this case, the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module may be directly acquired from the first shared space.
As previously mentioned, consider that data in RAM is lost when power is lost. Thus, both the data of the individual software modules and the software programs can be stored in the FLASH memory. Before executing the first software program, the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module stored in the FLASH memory may first be copied to the first shared space. In one example of an embodiment of the present application, it is contemplated that FLASH memory in a microprocessor may also be limited in resources. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the data and the software program of each software module may be compressed and then stored in the FLASH memory, so as to save FLASH memory resources. Accordingly, before the first software program is executed, the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module included in the first compressed file may be decompressed to the first shared space. In this way, the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module can be further obtained from the first shared space.
In addition, when there are many software modules running on the microprocessor, even if the first shared space stores both the software program of the first software module and the data of the first software module, the resource occupied by the first shared space is smaller than the aforementioned space required for storing the data corresponding to the n software modules C1-Cn. Therefore, when the number of software modules running on the microprocessor is large, the scheme can save both RAM resources and FLASH memory resources.
S202: and operating the first software module according to the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module.
After the program code of the first software module and the data of the expense software module are obtained, the first software module can be operated. It will be appreciated that for the case where the first shared space stores data of a first software module without storing the software program of the first software module, the first software module may be run in FLASH memory. For the case where the first shared space stores both data and software code of the first software module, the first software module may be executed in the RAM.
As can be seen from the above description, by using the scheme, the resources of the microprocessor can be saved, so that the limited resources of the microprocessor can be utilized to realize more functions.
With respect to the methods provided in the above embodiments, reference is now made to fig. 3 and 4.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating resource utilization of another microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3:
prior to powering up the microprocessor: the FLASH memory stores software programs and data corresponding to the main module and each of the other software modules (C1-Cn).
After the microprocessor is powered up: if the C1 software module needs to be run, then: the FLASH memory is stored with software programs and data respectively corresponding to the main module and each other software module (C1-Cn); the RAM is used for storing data corresponding to the main module and the C1 software module respectively, wherein the data of the C1 software module are stored in the first shared space.
Before the C1 software module is run, S201 may be performed: the software program of the C1 software module is read from the FLASH memory, and the data of the C1 software module is read from the first shared space in the RAM. The C1 software module was then run in FLASH memory.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating resource utilization of another microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4:
prior to powering up the microprocessor: the FLASH memory is stored with a first compressed file, a software program of the main module and data of the main module, and the first compressed file is obtained by compressing the software program and the data respectively corresponding to each other software module (C1-Cn).
After the microprocessor is powered up: and copying the software program of the main module and the data of the main module into the RAM. If the C1 software module needs to be run, then: the software programs and data of the C1 software module in the first compressed file are decompressed to a first shared space in RAM.
Before the C1 software module is run, S201 may be performed: the software programs of the C1 software module and the data of the C1 software module are read from the first shared space. The C1 software module is then run in RAM.
It should be noted that the method shown in fig. 2 may be implemented by using an address location function using a link script (linker script). Specifically, a link script editing file for describing the above functions, specifically:
the link script file may include a load address and a run address of program codes of the software module, and the link script file may further include a load address and a run address of data of the software module. Wherein:
the loading address of the program code refers to the storage address of the program code when the microprocessor is powered on;
the operation address of the program code refers to an address of the program code when the program code actually operates;
the loading address of the data refers to the storage address of the data when the microprocessor is powered on;
the operation address of data refers to an address of the data when the program code is actually operated.
In the scenario shown in fig. 3:
the loading address of the program code of the first software module and the loading address of the data of the first software module are both in the FLASH;
the running address of the program code of the first software module is still in the FLASH;
the running address of the data of the first software module is in RAM (first shared space).
The load address may be referred to as a Load Memory Address (LMA), and the execution address may be referred to as a Virtual Memory Address (VMA)
In the scenario shown in FIG. 4:
the loading address of the program code of the first software module and the loading address of the data of the first software module are both in the FLASH;
the operating address of the program code of the first software module and the operating address of the data of the first software module are both in the RAM (first shared space).
The specific description statements in the link script file are not described in detail herein.
Exemplary device
Based on the method provided by the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus, which is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a microprocessor-based software module loading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The apparatus 500 applies to a microprocessor that includes a random access memory RAM. The apparatus 500 may specifically include, for example: an acquisition unit 501 and an execution unit 502.
An obtaining unit 501, configured to obtain a program code of a first software module and data of the first software module; the RAM comprises a first shared space, the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules, and the first shared space is used for storing data of a software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules at a first moment and not storing data of other software modules except the software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules;
an operation unit 502, configured to operate the first software module according to the program code and the data.
Optionally, the microprocessor further includes a FLASH memory, and the obtaining unit 501 is configured to:
acquiring a program code of the first software module from the FLASH memory;
and acquiring data of the first software module from the first shared space.
Optionally, the first shared space is used for storing readable and writable data of the first software module, and read-only data of the first software module is stored in the FLASH memory;
the obtaining data of the first software module from the first shared space includes:
and acquiring the readable and writable data of the first software module from the first shared space, and acquiring the read-only data of the first software module from the FLASH memory.
Optionally, at the first time, the first shared space is further used for storing the program code of the software module to be run, but not storing the program code of the software module;
the obtaining unit 501 is configured to:
program code of the first software module and data of the first software module are obtained from the first shared space.
Optionally, the microprocessor further includes a FLASH memory, where the FLASH memory includes a first compressed file, and the first compressed file is obtained by compressing according to the data of each software module and the program code of each software module; the device further comprises:
a decompression unit, configured to decompress, to the first shared space, the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module included in the first compressed file before acquiring the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module from the first shared space.
Optionally, the plurality of software modules are independent of each other, wherein two software modules without function dependency and variable dependency are independent of each other.
Since the apparatus 500 is an apparatus corresponding to the method provided in the above method embodiment, and the specific implementation of each unit of the apparatus 500 is the same as that of the above method embodiment, for the specific implementation of each unit of the apparatus 500, reference may be made to the description part of the above method embodiment, and details are not repeated here.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a microprocessor, including: a processor, a memory, a system bus; the processor and the memory are connected through the system bus; the memory is used to store one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of the microprocessor-based software module loading method provided by the above method embodiments.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions are run on a terminal device, the terminal device is caused to execute the method described in the microprocessor-based software module loading method provided in the above method embodiment.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, and when the computer program product runs on a terminal device, the terminal device executes the method of the microprocessor-based software module loading method provided in the above method embodiment.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for loading a software module based on a microprocessor, the method being applied to the microprocessor including a Random Access Memory (RAM), the method comprising:
acquiring a program code of a first software module and data of the first software module; the RAM comprises a first shared space, the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules, and the first shared space is used for storing data of a software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules at a first moment and not storing data of other software modules except the software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules;
and operating the first software module according to the program codes and the data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the microprocessor further comprises a FLASH memory, and wherein said retrieving program code for a first software module and data for the first software module comprises:
acquiring a program code of the first software module from the FLASH memory;
and acquiring data of the first software module from the first shared space.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first shared space is used for storing readable and writable data of the first software module, and the read-only data of the first software module is stored in the FLASH memory;
the obtaining data of the first software module from the first shared space includes:
and acquiring the readable and writable data of the first software module from the first shared space, and acquiring the read-only data of the first software module from the FLASH memory.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first shared space is further used for storing the program code of the software module to be run at a first time, and not storing the program code of the software module;
the acquiring the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module comprises:
program code of the first software module and data of the first software module are obtained from the first shared space.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the microprocessor further comprises a FLASH memory, the FLASH memory comprises a first compressed file, and the first compressed file is obtained by compressing according to the data of each software module and the program code of each software module; before obtaining the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module from the first shared space, the method further comprises:
and decompressing the program code of the first software module and the data of the first software module included in the first compressed file to the first shared space.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of software modules are independent of each other, and wherein two software modules having no functional dependency and no variable dependency are independent of each other.
7. A microprocessor-based software module loading apparatus for use with a microprocessor including a random access memory RAM, the apparatus comprising:
an acquisition unit configured to acquire a program code of a first software module and data of the first software module; the RAM comprises a first shared space, the first shared space corresponds to a plurality of software modules, and the first shared space is used for storing data of a software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules at a first moment and not storing data of other software modules except the software module to be operated in the plurality of software modules;
and the running unit is used for running the first software module according to the program codes and the data.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the microprocessor further comprises a FLASH memory, and wherein the fetch unit is configured to:
acquiring a program code of the first software module from the FLASH memory;
and acquiring data of the first software module from the first shared space.
9. A microprocessor, the microprocessor comprising: a processor, a memory, a system bus; the processor and the memory are connected through the system bus; the memory is to store one or more programs, the one or more programs comprising instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when run on a terminal device, cause the terminal device to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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Citations (4)
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| CN111124704A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-05-08 | 深圳云天励飞技术有限公司 | Data processing method, processor and terminal equipment |
| CN112445540A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-05 | 惠州市创荣发智能科技有限公司 | Program operation method, system, terminal and storage medium |
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| US20080256336A1 (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-16 | Via Technologies, Inc. | Microprocessor with private microcode ram |
| CN103761197A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-04-30 | 深圳市亿维自动化技术有限公司 | Method and system for storing data by using Flash and RAM (random-access memory) |
| CN111124704A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-05-08 | 深圳云天励飞技术有限公司 | Data processing method, processor and terminal equipment |
| CN112445540A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-05 | 惠州市创荣发智能科技有限公司 | Program operation method, system, terminal and storage medium |
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