CN114002548A - Lightning protection monitoring method and system with evaluation function - Google Patents
Lightning protection monitoring method and system with evaluation function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A lightning protection monitoring method and a lightning protection monitoring system with an evaluation function belong to the technical field of lightning protection, wherein a lightning protection device state monitoring device is adopted to monitor the state of a lightning protection device, a lightning signal monitoring and collecting device is adopted to monitor and collect lightning signals, collected lightning protection device state information and lightning information are transmitted to a gateway device, the state information and the lightning information are transmitted to a diagnosis host after being demodulated, and the diagnosis host sends the lightning protection device state information and the lightning information to a user terminal. The invention can carry out real-time monitoring and data acquisition on the state of the indoor lightning protection equipment and the lightning signals of the indoor and outdoor signal transfer points, and evaluate the running state of the indoor lightning protection equipment and the weak point of the lightning protection system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightning protection, and particularly relates to a lightning protection monitoring method and a lightning protection monitoring system with an evaluation function.
Background
In the field of railway signals, lightning protection equipment is required to be arranged at all indoor and outdoor signal transfer points in a mechanical room, and the lightning protection equipment is used for protecting indoor signal equipment from being struck by lightning. The traditional mechanical indoor lightning protection equipment room has independent functions, only local protection is realized, lightning signals are not monitored and collected, a lightning stroke information database is not provided, mechanical room workers do not actively analyze the lightning stroke condition in the mechanical room, the quality of a lightning protection design scheme can be passively evaluated only according to the loss condition of the indoor equipment after lightning stroke, the improvement scheme cannot be obtained in the first time, and only after professional lightning protection technicians approach the site for investigation, further measures can be taken, so that the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a lightning protection monitoring method and a lightning protection monitoring system with an evaluation function, which can be used for monitoring the state of indoor lightning protection equipment and lightning signals of indoor and outdoor signal transfer points in real time and acquiring data, and evaluating the running state of the indoor lightning protection equipment and the weak point of a lightning protection system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a lightning protection monitoring method with an evaluation function comprises the steps of monitoring the state of lightning protection equipment by adopting lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, monitoring and collecting lightning signals by adopting lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment, transmitting collected lightning protection equipment state information and lightning information to gateway equipment, demodulating and transmitting the information to a diagnosis host, and transmitting the lightning protection equipment state information and lightning stroke information to a user terminal by the diagnosis host.
Furthermore, the diagnosis host computer analyzes the collected lightning information and provides lightning signal information according to the existence and polarity of lightning current and lightning voltage in the lightning information.
Further, classification judgment is carried out on the collected thunder and lightning information: only lightning current, only lightning voltage, both lightning current and lightning voltage are present;
when only lightning current exists, judging that no ground counterattack exists, and monitoring that the position of the lightning current has invasion of induction lightning and direct lightning;
or when only the lightning voltage exists, if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each monitoring point is inconsistent, judging that no ground counterattack exists, and monitoring that the position of the lightning voltage has the invasion of an induction lightning and a direct lightning; if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each monitoring point is consistent, judging that the ground counterattack exists;
or when the lightning current and the lightning voltage exist at the same time, if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each collecting point is the same, and the polarity of the lightning current is different from that of the lightning voltage, judging that the existing ground counterattack exists, and simultaneously monitoring that the position of the lightning current is a lightning protection weak point for releasing the lightning current; if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each acquisition point is the same, and the polarity of the lightning current is the same as that of the lightning voltage, judging that the ground counterattack exists, the lightning protection weak point of the lightning current is not released, and the inductive lightning or direct lightning invasion exists at the position where the lightning current is monitored; if the polarity of the lightning voltage is different, the back-strike is judged to be absent, but the inductive lightning or direct-strike lightning invasion exists at the positions where the lightning current and the lightning voltage are monitored.
Further, monitoring the state of the lightning protection equipment by adopting lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, specifically, transmitting the acquired relevant parameters of the lightning protection equipment to gateway equipment by the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, demodulating and then transmitting the parameters to a diagnosis host computer, storing and comparing historical data and latest data of the lightning protection equipment in a database by the diagnosis host computer, and fitting the diagnosis host computer to obtain the remaining effective use duration of the lightning protection equipment when the lightning protection equipment is normal; when the parameters of the lightning protection equipment are close to but do not reach the degradation or loosening alarm threshold value, the diagnosis host computer sends out early warning through the user terminal; when the lightning protection equipment is degraded or loosened, the diagnosis host machine sends out equipment abnormity alarm through the user terminal.
Furthermore, the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box and the power supply lightning protection box, leakage current of the piezoresistor in the surge protector is detected, leakage current data is stored in the diagnosis host, the degradation or loosening date is linearly fitted according to a daily leakage current or monthly leakage current change curve, the available time length in a threshold value range is sent out through the user terminal, and early warning is sent out when the leakage current is close to an alarm threshold value.
Furthermore, the lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment monitors and collects data and occurrence time of lightning signals, the lightning signals are processed and then are transmitted to the gateway equipment, the signals are demodulated and then transmitted to the diagnosis host, and the lightning stroke occurrence position, lightning waveform information and time and date are stored by the diagnosis host; and prompting by accumulating and comparing the positions where the lightning strikes occur.
The utility model provides a lightning protection monitoring system with aassessment function, includes lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, thunder and lightning signal monitoring acquisition equipment, monitoring host computer, gateway equipment, diagnosis host computer, user terminal, lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment real-time supervision lightning protection equipment's degradation or not hard up, thunder and lightning signal monitoring acquisition equipment monitoring and gather thunder and lightning signal, lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, thunder and lightning signal monitoring gather establish with the monitoring host computer be connected with information processing after transmission to gateway equipment, through the demodulation after turn to send to the diagnosis host computer, the diagnosis host computer sends lightning protection equipment state information and thunderbolt information to user terminal.
Furthermore, the lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box, the power supply lightning protection box, the primary current forming end, the secondary cable forming end, the outdoor communication tower, the grounding bus bar, the comprehensive lightning protection system and other lightning protection equipment.
Furthermore, the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box, the power supply lightning protection box, the comprehensive lightning protection system and other lightning protection equipment.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention can actively monitor and early warn the deterioration date of the lightning protection equipment; positioning the position of the mechanical chamber where lightning stroke occurs, and judging whether the lightning stroke is counterattack; the weak link of the lightning protection scheme of the mechanical room is diagnosed by combining the information, the evaluation result is actively given by the user terminal, and the basic measures taken by the user are suggested, so that the lightning protection technical personnel can redesign or upgrade the lightning protection scheme by referring to the evaluation result, the loss caused by passive lightning protection is reduced, and the reliability of railway signal equipment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a lightning protection monitoring system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a field installation structure of the lightning protection monitoring system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a lightning property determination method;
FIG. 4 is a truth table of a lightning property evaluation method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and the examples.
The invention relates to a lightning protection monitoring method and a lightning protection monitoring system with an evaluation function, wherein the lightning protection monitoring system with the evaluation function is shown in figure 1 and comprises lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment, gateway equipment, a diagnosis host and a user terminal. Lightning protection equipment state monitoring facilities real-time supervision lightning protection equipment's degradation or not hard up, lightning signal monitoring collection equipment monitoring and collection lightning signal, lightning protection equipment state monitoring facilities, lightning signal monitoring gather establish with the monitoring host computer be connected with information processing after transmission to gateway equipment, through the demodulation turn to send to the diagnosis host computer, the diagnosis host computer sends lightning protection equipment state information and thunderbolt information to user terminal.
The lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box and the power supply lightning protection box. The thunder and lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box, the power supply lightning protection box, the primary current forming end, the secondary cable forming end, the outdoor communication tower and the grounding busbar.
The lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment and the lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment comprise a screw coil, a current transformer, an integral adjusting circuit, a single-chip microcomputer microprocessor and a communication module.
Gateway devices include, but are not limited to, WIFI routing, differential signal cable converters, fiber modems. The diagnosis host comprises an industrial personal computer and a database server. The user terminal includes but is not limited to a PC terminal.
The lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment is used for monitoring the deterioration or loosening condition of the lightning protection equipment in real time, the state monitoring equipment transmits collected relevant parameters of the lightning protection equipment to the gateway equipment through wired or wireless communication, the parameters are transmitted to the diagnosis host after demodulation, the diagnosis host stores and contrasts and analyzes historical data and latest data of the lightning protection equipment in a database, and when the lightning protection equipment is normal, the diagnosis host fits the approximate effective use remaining time of the lightning protection equipment; when the lightning protection equipment parameters transmitted by the state monitoring equipment are close to but do not reach the degradation or loosening alarm threshold value, the diagnosis host sends out early warning through the user terminal; when the lightning protection equipment is degraded or loosened, the diagnosis host machine sends out equipment abnormity alarm through the user terminal.
Furthermore, the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment in the lightning protection junction box adopts wired optical fiber communication, so that lightning signals can be prevented from counterattacking indoor equipment through transmission lines. Wired communication includes, but is not limited to, CAN communication, fiber optic communication.
Further, the power supply lightning protection box and the comprehensive lightning protection system can adopt wireless communication.
A lightning protection monitoring method with an evaluation function comprises a lightning monitoring equipment state analysis method which compares historical monitoring information of each path of lightning protection equipment in a database, fits available duration within a threshold range of the lightning protection equipment and carries out early warning on degradation date of the lightning protection equipment in advance; a method for analyzing the thunder and lightning property by analyzing whether the thunder and lightning property is the data of the collection point of the lightning counterattack; and evaluating the quality of the lightning protection scheme according to the state of the lightning protection equipment, the accumulated lightning strike times of each lightning monitoring point and the lightning strike property.
The state of the lightning protection equipment is monitored by adopting the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, the lightning signals are monitored and collected by adopting the lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment, the collected lightning protection equipment state information and the collected lightning information are transmitted to the gateway equipment and are transmitted to the diagnosis host after being demodulated, and the diagnosis host sends the lightning protection equipment state information and the lightning stroke information to the user terminal.
The diagnosis host computer analyzes the collected thunder and lightning information and provides thunder and lightning signal information according to the existence and polarity of thunder and lightning current and thunder and lightning voltage in the thunder and lightning information.
The lightning signal monitoring and collecting device is used for monitoring and collecting data and occurrence time of lightning signals in real time, transmitting the signals to the gateway device through wired or wireless communication after primary analysis, transmitting the signals to the diagnosis host after demodulation, and storing lightning stroke occurrence positions, lightning wave shape information and time and date by the diagnosis host; through accumulative comparison of positions where lightning strikes occur, a prompt is given for points with more lightning strikes.
The diagnosis host analyzes the thunder and lightning information according to the method for analyzing the thunder and lightning property of the acquisition point data and judges whether the thunder and lightning signal is a counterattack thunder or a non-counterattack thunder.
The state analysis method of the lightning monitoring equipment comprises the following steps: the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment detects leakage of a piezoresistor in the surge protector, leakage data are stored in the diagnosis host, approximate degradation or loosening date is linearly fitted in advance according to a daily leakage or monthly leakage change curve, available time within a threshold range is sent out through a user terminal, and early warning is carried out when the leakage approaches an alarm threshold.
Monitoring the state of the lightning protection equipment by using lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, specifically, transmitting acquired relevant parameters of the lightning protection equipment to gateway equipment by using the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, demodulating and transmitting the parameters to a diagnosis host, storing and comparing historical data and latest data of the lightning protection equipment in a database by using the diagnosis host, and fitting the residual time of effective use of the lightning protection equipment by using the diagnosis host when the lightning protection equipment is normal; when the parameters of the lightning protection equipment are close to but do not reach the degradation or loosening alarm threshold value, the diagnosis host computer sends out early warning through the user terminal; when the lightning protection equipment is degraded or loosened, the diagnosis host machine sends out equipment abnormity alarm through the user terminal.
The lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box and the power supply lightning protection box, detects leakage current of the piezoresistor in the surge protector, stores the leakage current data to the diagnosis host, linearly fits a degradation or loosening date according to a daily leakage current or monthly leakage current change curve, sends out available time in a threshold value range through the user terminal, and sends out early warning when the leakage current is close to an alarm threshold value.
The method for analyzing the lightning property by collecting point data is shown in figure 3, and comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: when receiving thunder and lightning data, firstly judging whether thunder and lightning current and thunder and lightning voltage exist at the same time, and combining three conditions: only lightning current, only lightning voltage, both lightning current and lightning voltage are present;
step 2: when only lightning current exists, counterattack does not exist, but invasion of induction lightning and direct lightning exists at the position where the lightning current is monitored;
and step 3: when only the lightning voltage exists, if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each monitoring point is inconsistent, ground counterattack does not exist, but the position of the lightning voltage is monitored to have the invasion of induction lightning and direct lightning; if the polarity of lightning voltage of each monitoring point is consistent, earth counterattack exists;
and 4, step 4: when the lightning current and the lightning voltage exist at the same time, if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each collecting point is the same, but the polarity of the lightning current is different from that of the lightning voltage, the existing ground is counterstruck, and the position of monitoring the lightning current is the lightning protection weak point of discharging the lightning current. If the polarity of the lightning voltage of each collecting point is the same, and the polarity of the lightning current is the same as that of the lightning voltage, the ground counterattack exists, the lightning protection weak point for discharging the lightning current does not exist, and the inductive lightning or direct lightning invasion exists at the position where the lightning current is monitored. If the polarity of the lightning voltage is different, no ground counterattack exists, but inductive lightning or direct lightning invasion exists at the positions where the lightning current and the lightning voltage are monitored.
Further, the lightning data properties may be analyzed by the truth table of FIG. 4.
The quality evaluation method of the lightning protection scheme comprises the following steps: and the diagnosis host computer comprehensively analyzes the state of the lightning protection equipment, the accumulated lightning stroke frequency, the lightning stroke position and the property of the lightning signal to finally obtain the comprehensive evaluation of the lightning protection scheme of the lightning protection mechanical chamber. For example, after diagnosis and analysis, it is found that lightning stroke data of a certain monitoring point is a large-amplitude lightning strike-back, and a daily state curve of the lightning protection device is decreased in an instantaneous and large manner (and does not reach a threshold value), and then the system automatically diagnoses that the monitoring point is a lightning protection weak point, and provides a suggestion for replacing the lightning protection device of the monitoring point. The user can actively take basic measures such as equipment replacement and the like in time according to the diagnosis suggestion, and lightning protection technicians can change wiring or redesign lightning protection schemes of weak points according to the weak points judged by the system and the field environment for overcoming the defects.
Example 1: the steps of judging the counterattack are as follows:
step 1: firstly, a reference zero potential point is determined, the reference zero potential point is arranged at a position far away from a communication tower, hot galvanizing angle steel is embedded to be used as a grounding electrode, and the potential difference between the potentials of other grounding busbars and the reference zero potential is the voltage of each grounding busbar.
Step 2: it is generally defined that the direction of lightning current from outdoor to indoor is positive, and therefore the lightning current discharged to the outside is negative at this time, as shown in fig. 2.
And step 3: when lightning strikes on the communication tower, the communication tower grounding net is connected with the mechanical room annular grounding net and the voltage of each grounding bus bar can be increased to present a positive potential, and at the moment, equipment connected with each grounding bus bar can find a weak point to release lightning current outwards.
And 4, step 4: the ground counterattack phenomenon can be judged through the collected values and polarities of the lightning voltage and the lightning current.
The above description is one embodiment, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiment, which are within the scope of the present invention, should be considered by those skilled in the art to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A lightning protection monitoring method with an evaluation function is characterized in that: the state of the lightning protection equipment is monitored by adopting the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, the lightning signals are monitored and collected by adopting the lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment, the collected lightning protection equipment state information and the collected lightning information are transmitted to the gateway equipment and are transmitted to the diagnosis host after being demodulated, and the diagnosis host sends the lightning protection equipment state information and the lightning stroke information to the user terminal.
2. The lightning protection monitoring method with evaluation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diagnosis host computer analyzes the collected thunder and lightning information and provides thunder and lightning signal information according to the existence and polarity of thunder and lightning current and thunder and lightning voltage in the thunder and lightning information.
3. The lightning protection monitoring method with evaluation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: classifying and judging the collected thunder and lightning information: only lightning current, only lightning voltage, both lightning current and lightning voltage are present;
when only lightning current exists, judging that no ground counterattack exists, and monitoring that the position of the lightning current has invasion of induction lightning and direct lightning;
or when only the lightning voltage exists, if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each monitoring point is inconsistent, judging that no ground counterattack exists, and monitoring that the position of the lightning voltage has the invasion of an induction lightning and a direct lightning; if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each monitoring point is consistent, judging that the ground counterattack exists;
or when the lightning current and the lightning voltage exist at the same time, if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each collecting point is the same, and the polarity of the lightning current is different from that of the lightning voltage, judging that the existing ground counterattack exists, and simultaneously monitoring that the position of the lightning current is a lightning protection weak point for releasing the lightning current; if the polarity of the lightning voltage of each acquisition point is the same, and the polarity of the lightning current is the same as that of the lightning voltage, judging that the ground counterattack exists, the lightning protection weak point of the lightning current is not released, and the inductive lightning or direct lightning invasion exists at the position where the lightning current is monitored; if the polarity of the lightning voltage is different, the back-strike is judged to be absent, but the inductive lightning or direct-strike lightning invasion exists at the positions where the lightning current and the lightning voltage are monitored.
4. The lightning protection monitoring method with evaluation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: monitoring the state of the lightning protection equipment by using lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, specifically, transmitting acquired relevant parameters of the lightning protection equipment to gateway equipment by using the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment, demodulating and transmitting the parameters to a diagnosis host, storing and comparing historical data and latest data of the lightning protection equipment in a database by using the diagnosis host, and fitting the residual time of effective use of the lightning protection equipment by using the diagnosis host when the lightning protection equipment is normal; when the parameters of the lightning protection equipment are close to but do not reach the degradation or loosening alarm threshold value, the diagnosis host computer sends out early warning through the user terminal; when the lightning protection equipment is degraded or loosened, the diagnosis host machine sends out equipment abnormity alarm through the user terminal.
5. The lightning protection monitoring method with evaluation function according to claim 4, characterized in that: the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box and the power supply lightning protection box, detects leakage current of the piezoresistor in the surge protector, stores the leakage current data to the diagnosis host, linearly fits a degradation or loosening date according to a daily leakage current or monthly leakage current change curve, sends out available time in a threshold value range through the user terminal, and sends out early warning when the leakage current is close to an alarm threshold value.
6. The lightning protection monitoring method with evaluation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment monitors and collects data and occurrence time of lightning signals, the lightning signals are processed and then are transmitted to the gateway equipment, the signals are demodulated and then transmitted to the diagnosis host, and the lightning stroke occurrence position, lightning wave shape information and time and date are stored by the diagnosis host; and prompting by accumulating and comparing the positions where the lightning strikes occur.
7. The utility model provides a lightning protection monitoring system with aassessment function which characterized in that: including lightning protection equipment state monitoring facilities, thunder and lightning signal monitoring collection equipment, monitoring host computer, gateway equipment, diagnosis host computer, user terminal, lightning protection equipment state monitoring facilities real-time supervision lightning protection equipment's degradation or not hard up, thunder and lightning signal monitoring collection equipment monitoring and gather thunder and lightning signal, lightning protection equipment state monitoring facilities, thunder and lightning signal monitoring collection establish with monitoring host computer be connected with information processing after-transmission to gateway equipment, through the demodulation switching to the diagnosis host computer, the diagnosis host computer sends lightning protection equipment state information and thunderbolt information to user terminal.
8. The lightning protection monitoring system with evaluation function according to claim 7, wherein: the lightning signal monitoring and collecting equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box, in the power supply lightning protection box, at the primary current forming end, at the secondary cable forming end, in the outdoor communication tower, in the grounding bus bar, in the comprehensive lightning protection system and in other lightning protection equipment.
9. The lightning protection monitoring system with evaluation function according to claim 7, wherein: the lightning protection equipment state monitoring equipment is arranged in the lightning protection junction box, in the power supply lightning protection box, in the comprehensive lightning protection system and other lightning protection equipment.
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