CN114002083A - High-temperature static-load creep testing machine for metal rubber component and working method of high-temperature static-load creep testing machine - Google Patents
High-temperature static-load creep testing machine for metal rubber component and working method of high-temperature static-load creep testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114002083A CN114002083A CN202111477332.5A CN202111477332A CN114002083A CN 114002083 A CN114002083 A CN 114002083A CN 202111477332 A CN202111477332 A CN 202111477332A CN 114002083 A CN114002083 A CN 114002083A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-temperature static-load creep testing machine for a metal rubber component and a working method thereof, wherein the high-temperature static-load creep testing machine for the metal rubber component comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of upright posts vertically arranged on the bottom plate, a middle lower plate, a middle upper plate and a top plate are fixedly arranged on the upright posts from bottom to top at intervals in parallel, the bottom surface of the middle lower plate is fixedly provided with a cylinder body and a piston arranged in the cylinder body and capable of lifting, the upper end of the piston is connected with a piston rod extending out of the cylinder body upwards, the bottom of the cylinder body is fixedly provided with a hydraulic cylinder bottom cover for introducing a hydraulic pipeline, and the upper end of the piston rod is sequentially provided with a load sensor and a load sensor pressure-receiving head; the lower heat insulation seat is fixedly provided with a support ring and a grating deformation sensor arranged on the support ring and used for detecting the lifting displacement of the fixture positioning rod, and the high-temperature static-load creep testing machine for the metal rubber component can realize various testing environments, accurate and stable loading and continuous loading.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a high-temperature static load creep testing machine for a metal rubber component and a working method thereof; in particular to the field of creep test technology of various small metal rubber samples, in particular to a creep test device for small metal rubber samples, which realizes continuous loading through a hydraulic device.
Background art:
metal rubber is a porous structural material made of metal wires, which is named because it combines the properties of rubber and metal materials; metal rubber is essentially a porous dry friction damping structural material based on metal materials, and has the common advantages of metal, rubber and porous materials, such as: the damping performance is good, the environmental suitability is strong, the forming is easy, the weight is light, and the rigidity is controllable; the metal rubber has the advantages of excellent damping performance, good performance in severe environment and the like, so that the metal rubber has a very wide application prospect in various engineering machinery vibration fields, and the metal rubber is widely applied to various fields of vibration isolation of aerospace ships and the like.
The metal rubber bears alternating load or impact load in the vibration reduction process, but also bears stable static load in storage and work, most metal rubber elements are preloaded under the storage condition, corresponding installation pretightening force is certainly generated in different working environments, in the actual working environment, a large part of vibration isolators are acted by the static load for a long time, after the metal rubber components are subjected to the stable static load for a long time, the performance of a vibration reduction system is directly influenced by the change of the structural size and the attenuation of the mechanical property, and if the structural size of the metal rubber exceeds the design range of the structural size during the load keeping process, the metal rubber components cannot be deformed reversely, so that serious consequences can be caused; meanwhile, if the mechanical property attenuation of the rubber is beyond the design range, the damping system can also fail, and therefore research on the durability of the metal rubber under continuous static load is inevitably carried out.
Metal rubbers have in essence similarities to both metals and rubbers, according to GBT 7759.1-2015 "determination of compression set of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubbers part 1: under normal temperature and high temperature conditions, the small punching creep test system of Lingxiang et al and the small lifting slide bar creep test device of Kaikou et al invent a test device for creep test by using small punching micro metal rubber samples, so that the related conclusion of the creep performance of the metal rubber micro metal rubber samples can be obtained by performing an analog test on the metal rubber micro metal rubber samples.
In the 'criterion of metal rubber failure under static load and durability test' of Malayan red et al, different static loads are respectively applied to metal rubber of the same type, and after a long-time load holding test, two criteria for judging the metal rubber failure are provided:
unrecoverable deformation factor B = (C)T-CO）/ COThe absolute value of (c) multiplied by 100%
In the formula COA certain initial structural dimension of the metal rubber component, such as length, width or thickness in an initial state; cTThe value of the dimension after the stable load is continuously applied for a time T;
secant modulus disintegration factor D = (E)T-EO）/ EOThe absolute value of (c) multiplied by 100%
In the formula EOIs the initial secant modulus of the metal rubber component; eTThe value of the parameter after the stable load lasting action time T;
the unrecoverable strain factor was defined to be 10% and the secant modulus disintegration factor was defined to be 30%.
The current creep test device and test method for small metal rubber samples still have some problems which need to be improved, and are briefly described as follows:
(1) by adopting a top loading mode of weight loading, the deformation of a loading lever can generate angle change, the limitation of the weight specification can be caused, the load can not be continuously applied at the initial time of the test, and the accuracy of the test result can be influenced;
(2) most of metal rubber samples are in complicated and severe working environments, most of creep test environments are too single to be tested under the condition of being close to actual use environments, so that test data are not accurate enough, and the service life prediction is deviated;
(3) as is known, even if a high temperature is used to accelerate the test process, a lot of time and energy are still needed to analyze the material performance of a plurality of groups of metal rubber samples under the condition that only one device is used and the cost is high, and unnecessary economic loss is caused to a great extent.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art device and provide a small metal rubber sample creep test device and method which realize various test environments, accurate and stable loading and continuous loading, and can synchronously carry out a plurality of groups of tests under different loads or temperatures.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a high-temperature static load creep testing machine for a metal rubber component, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic cylinder bottom cover comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of upright columns vertically arranged on the bottom plate, wherein a middle lower plate, an upper middle plate and a top plate are fixedly arranged on the upright columns from bottom to top at intervals in parallel, a cylinder body and a piston which is arranged in the cylinder body and can move up and down are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the middle lower plate, the upper end of the piston is connected with a piston rod which extends out of the cylinder body upwards, a hydraulic cylinder bottom cover used for introducing a hydraulic pipeline is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body, and a load sensor pressure receiving head are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the piston rod; the upper middle plate is sleeved with a linear bearing and a lifting slide bar sleeved in the linear bearing, the upper end of the lifting slide bar is supported with a lower heat insulation seat and a clamp positioning rod, a support ring made of ceramics and a grating deformation sensor which is arranged on the support ring and is used for detecting the lifting displacement of the positioning rod of the clamp are fixed on the lower heat insulation seat, the lower surface of the top plate is fixedly provided with a disc and an upper heat insulation seat arranged below the disc, a closed high-temperature furnace, a top rod extending into the high-temperature furnace from top to bottom and arranged on the lower surface of the upper heat insulation seat, and the fixture positioning rod extending into the high-temperature furnace from bottom to top are arranged below the upper heat insulation seat, the fixture positioning rod is provided with a fixture and a metal rubber sample positioned on the fixture, the lower end of the ejector rod acts on the upper part of the metal rubber sample, and a quartz tube positioned on the periphery of the metal rubber sample and the fixture is sleeved in the high-temperature furnace body; the high-temperature furnace is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are positioned in the pipe orifice area range at the upper end of the quartz pipe, the gas inlet is communicated with the first gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the gas outlet is communicated with the second gas cylinder through a pipeline.
Furthermore, the input end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected with a hydraulic power unit with multi-path control.
Further, the last bottom of above-mentioned cylinder body has the ladder groove, the embedded uide bushing that is equipped with in ladder groove, the piston rod slides in the uide bushing, the upper portion of uide bushing has the outward flange, the outward flange with the spacing cooperation in ladder groove on cylinder body upper portion is fixed.
Furthermore, a grating deformation sensor is fixedly arranged on the support ring, and the support ring is connected with the lower heat insulation seat through threads.
Furthermore, the lower end of the lower heat insulation seat is provided with an asbestos heat insulation pad, and the asbestos heat insulation pad is arranged between the lower end of the upper heat insulation seat and the upper end of the ejector rod.
Furthermore, the high-temperature furnace is internally provided with four thermocouples totally, wherein three thermocouples are respectively arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the high-temperature furnace, and the other thermocouple is arranged in a quartz tube positioned in the inner cavity of the high-temperature furnace body and is used for measuring the temperature.
Furthermore, the bottom of the high-temperature furnace is provided with a groove and two bulges, the groove can be stably placed on the split type support frame, and the two bulges are opposite to the grating deformation sensor so as to be used for detecting the deformation of the sample by the grating deformation sensor.
The working method of the high-temperature static load creep testing machine for the metal rubber component comprises the following steps of:
(a) placing a metal rubber sample in a groove of a clamp, matching and limiting the clamp with a positioning pin in a groove at the top of a positioning rod of the clamp through a positioning hole at the bottom of the clamp to realize the positioning of the clamp, and simultaneously attaching a thermocouple on the clamp in a surrounding manner;
(b) the piston rod is moved to the bottommost end under the control of the hydraulic power unit, and the metal rubber sample and the clamp are sleeved with the quartz tube from top to bottom; penetrating a push rod into a quartz tube from a central hole of a top plate of the high-temperature furnace, and forming a closed space between the quartz tube and a clamp;
(c) setting the load sensor as zero, adjusting the hydraulic power set to load, enabling the piston rod to drive the lifting slide rod and the clamp positioning rod to move upwards until the metal rubber sample is contacted with the lower end of the ejector rod, and simultaneously setting the displacement sensor as zero;
(d) feeding the gas in the gas cylinder into the quartz tube so as to discharge the air in the quartz tube;
(e) starting high temperature, and adjusting to the temperature required by the test through a temperature controller;
(f) loading the hydraulic power unit to achieve the load required by the test;
(g) the grating sensor and the load sensor start measuring values.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the environment of the metal rubber and in-service equipment is complex and severe, the gas in the test gas cylinder is not only limited to the protection of the sample, but also can change the test environment of the sample (such as the corrosion of neutral salt spray gas to the sample), namely different results of the sample under various complex test environments can be simulated, so that the defect that most creep test environments are too single can be changed;
2. the invention adopts hydraulic loading, and can continuously load the sample; the applied load can be displayed through an external display of a load sensor (CFBHL-H load sensor), the load can be directly seen, and the method is more convenient compared with a top loading mode needing to calculate the weight of the weight; the sensor is a sensitive component and is easily influenced by temperature, and the CFBHL-H load sensor and the deformation sensor (a grating type deformation sensor) are far away from the high-temperature furnace through the lower heat insulation seat, the asbestos heat insulation pad and the like, so that adverse effects caused by heat generated by the high-temperature furnace are avoided.
3. The hydraulic station control part can respectively carry out pressure regulation control according to the thrust requirement of each load under the condition that the total system keeps high pressure unchanged so as to achieve the most reasonable thrust control.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a test section of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a metal-rubber creep clamp system in a high temperature furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a small punch creep clamp system in a high temperature furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an insulated cooling portion of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a creep deformation measurement system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the load measuring system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the load frame of the present invention;
fig. 10 and 11 are partial views of fig. 2.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the test device can be loaded by a hydraulic system to realize creep deformation of a plurality of groups of small samples, and comprises a bearing frame, a high-temperature furnace 19, a multi-path control hydraulic set system, a load and displacement measuring instrument, a heat insulation cooling system, an air supply system and a clamping system.
The high-temperature static-load creep testing machine for the metal rubber component comprises a bottom plate 35 and a plurality of upright posts 32 vertically arranged on the bottom plate, wherein middle and lower plates 34, an upper plate 33 and a top plate 31 are fixedly arranged on the upright posts 32 from bottom to top at intervals in parallel, a cylinder body 11 and a piston 12 arranged in the cylinder body and capable of moving up and down are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the middle and lower plates, the upper end of the piston is connected with a piston rod 9 extending out of the cylinder body 11 upwards, a hydraulic cylinder bottom cover 13 used for introducing a hydraulic pipeline is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body, and a load sensor 29 and a load sensor pressure receiving head 28 are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the piston rod; the upper middle plate is sleeved with a linear bearing 6 and a lifting slide bar 5 sleeved in the linear bearing, the upper end of the lifting slide bar is supported with a lower heat insulation seat 26 and a clamp positioning rod 4, a support ring 25 made of ceramics and a grating deformation sensor 30 arranged on the support ring and used for detecting the lifting displacement of the positioning rod of the clamp are fixed on the lower heat insulation seat, a disc 22 and an upper heat insulation seat 23 arranged below the disc are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the top plate, a closed high temperature furnace 19, a mandril 1 extending into the high temperature furnace from top to bottom and arranged on the lower surface of the upper heat insulation seat and the fixture positioning rod 4 extending into the high temperature furnace from bottom to top are arranged below the upper heat insulation seat, the fixture positioning rod is provided with a fixture 3 and a metal rubber sample 2 positioned on the fixture, the lower end of the mandril 1 acts on the upper part of the metal rubber sample 2, a quartz tube 18 positioned at the periphery of the metal rubber sample 2 and the clamp is sleeved in the high-temperature furnace body; the high-temperature furnace is provided with a gas inlet 17 and a gas outlet 16 which are positioned in the pipe orifice area range at the upper end of the quartz pipe, the gas inlet is communicated with a first gas cylinder 21 through a pipeline 20, and the gas outlet 16 is communicated with a second gas cylinder through a pipeline; the second gas cylinder can separate the gas, so that part of the gas can be recycled to the first gas cylinder for use.
Asbestos heat insulation pads are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the lower heat insulation seat, and the asbestos heat insulation pads are arranged between the lower end of the upper heat insulation seat and the upper end of the ejector rod; the high-temperature furnace is internally provided with four thermocouples totally, wherein three thermocouples are respectively arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the high-temperature furnace, and the other thermocouple is arranged in a quartz tube positioned in the inner cavity of the high-temperature furnace body and used for measuring the temperature.
The bearing frame consists of feet 36, a bottom plate 35, a middle lower plate 34, a linear bearing 6, an upper middle plate 33, a top plate 31 and twelve upright posts 32, wherein the frame is vertically and fixedly provided with the twelve upright posts 32, the middle lower plate 34, the middle upper plate 33 and the top plate 31 are fixedly arranged in parallel from bottom to top at intervals, and the linear bearing 6 is fixedly arranged on the middle upper plate 33.
The hydraulic loading device is arranged below the middle lower plate 34, the piston rod 9 and the guide sleeve 10 for ensuring coaxiality are arranged inside the cylinder body 11, the upper bottom of the cylinder body is provided with a stepped groove, the guide sleeve 10 is embedded in the stepped groove, the piston rod 9 slides in the guide sleeve, the upper part of the guide sleeve is provided with an outer flange, and the outer flange is in limit fit with and fixed to the stepped groove in the upper part of the cylinder body; the cylinder body 11 is connected to the lower surface of the middle lower plate 34 through a welding flange 8 by bolts, and the multi-path control hydraulic power unit 15 is used for conveying hydraulic oil to the cylinder body 11 through the oil conveying pipe 14 to load the piston 12 and the piston rod 9; the CFBHL-H load sensor 29 and the grating type deformation sensor 30 in the measuring instrument are both connected with a computer for recording and storing data, and the grating type deformation sensor 30 is arranged on the side of the lower heat insulation seat 26 through the support ring 25, so that the deformation of a sample is indirectly measured.
As shown in fig. 3, the clamping kit is a metal rubber clamp kit, can realize a theoretical model of metal rubber creep, has high measurement accuracy, and can be fully contacted with the environmental gas; the clamping system comprises a clamp positioning rod 4, a clamp 3, a sample 2 and an ejector rod 1, wherein the clamped sample is a metal rubber component, the whole clamping mechanism is arranged above a lower heat insulation seat, the clamp positioning rod 4 is arranged in a threaded hole formed in the lower heat insulation seat through a bottom threaded rod, the sample clamp 3 is fixed through a positioning pin on the clamp positioning rod 4, the sample 2 is placed in a groove of the clamp 3, the positioning pin is arranged in the groove, and the clamp is positioned in the groove; the ejector rod 1 is in contact with the sample 2, the ejector rod 1 is fixed on the top plate through an upper heat insulation seat 23 and a heat insulation disc 22, the upper heat insulation seat and the lower heat insulation seat are made of ceramics, the sensor support ring 25 is connected on a lower heat insulation seat 26 through threads, asbestos heat insulation pads 24 and 27 are used at the joint of other workpieces, and the influence on the measurement precision caused by the fact that heat of the high-temperature furnace 19 is transmitted to a measuring instrument through a metal rod can be effectively avoided.
The high temperature furnace 19 is a split and vertical high temperature furnace, during test, the temperature of the high temperature furnace is measured by a thermocouple which is arranged in the split and vertical quartz tube 18 and attached to a clamp, and then the temperature is regulated by a temperature controller, the high temperature furnace 19 is connected with the temperature controller by a lead, the thermocouple is connected with the temperature controller, and during use, the high temperature furnace 19 can be fixed on a lower heat insulation seat 26 of a heat insulation cooling system.
The high-temperature furnace is divided into an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, the inner layer is embedded with a thermal resistor to generate high temperature, the middle layer is a heat insulation layer made of ceramic fibers, and the outer layer is a protection layer, so that contact injury is avoided to the maximum extent. Mounting four thermocouples in the high-temperature furnace, wherein three thermocouples are respectively mounted at the upper, middle and lower positions of the high-temperature furnace, and the other thermocouple is mounted in the quartz tube to measure the temperature of the quartz tube; the thermocouple converts the furnace temperature into a voltage signal, and then the voltage signal is added to a microcomputer temperature control regulator, the regulator compares the signal with a program control setting to output an adjustable signal, then the adjustable signal is used for controlling a trigger, and the trigger triggers a voltage regulator to achieve the purpose of regulating the voltage and the temperature of the electric furnace; the temperature in the furnace is adjusted to the required temperature through a temperature controller arranged on the right side of the frame body.
The gas provided by the gas supply device is introduced into a relatively closed space formed by the clamping mechanism and the quartz tube through a gas inlet pipe, the gas part comprises argon, nitrogen and/or salt spray gas and the like, the gas can be loaded by a first gas cylinder, is controlled by a flowmeter, is introduced from a gas inlet above the high-temperature furnace and is discharged from a gas outlet at the other side, and the gas discharged from the gas outlet can be loaded by a second gas cylinder to form a relatively stable gas environment for researching the high-temperature mechanical properties of the sample under the action of different environments such as oxygen-free environment, nitriding environment, accelerated corrosion environment and the like; the gas in the gas cylinder of the gas supply device is not limited to the protection of the sample, but also can change the test environment of the sample (such as the corrosion of neutral salt spray gas to the sample), so that different results of the sample under various test environments can be observed.
A fixture positioning rod connected with a fixture is connected to the upper part of the lower heat insulation seat through a bottom threaded rod, threaded holes are formed in the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the upper heat insulation seat and the lower end surface of the lower heat insulation seat, and the lifting slide rod is connected with the quenched customized bolt 7 through the threaded hole in the lower end surface, so that the deformation of the lower end surface of the lifting slide rod is prevented, and the accuracy of test data is influenced; the upper end surface of a pressure head of a load sensor arranged on the CFBHL-H spoke type load sensor is spherical and is in contact with the lower end surface of the customized bolt, and the upper end surface of the pressure head of the load sensor is spherical, so that the load is displayed more accurately; a high-temperature furnace for enabling the test piece to be in a test temperature environment is arranged at the peripheries of the whole die, the fixture positioning rod and the ejector rod; the groove at the bottom of the furnace is matched with the boss at the upper end of the lower heat insulation seat, so that the high-temperature furnace is convenient to place.
Example 2
The creep test system of the micro-sample in the embodiment is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the clamp suite is a metal sheet clamp suite, and the structure of the clamp suite is shown in fig. 4; the sheet metal clamping kit can realize a small punching creep theoretical model, has high measurement precision and can be fully contacted with gas; the metal sheet clamp suite comprises an upper clamp 3b-2, a lower clamp 3b-3 and a sheet sample 3b-4 positioned between the upper clamp 3b-2 and the lower clamp 3b-3, wherein the upper clamp 3b-2 and the lower clamp 3b-3 are connected through bolts to ensure that the sample cannot deviate; the middle of the lower clamp is provided with a groove for placing a metal sheet sample, the upper end of the pressure rod 3b-1 adopts a step type, a boss is arranged at the upper end of the pressure rod, the contact area of the pressure rod and the ejector rod is increased, and the step part close to the sample is transited through a fillet with the radius of 0.8 mm, so that the pressure rod is effectively prevented from being broken or inclined under a large load; the bottom of the upper clamp is provided with a boss which is matched with the groove of the lower clamp to clamp the sample between the boss and the groove. The upper surface is kept at a distance of 0.1 mm, so that the upper surface is in a stress relaxation state; a cylindrical through hole is formed in the middle of the lower clamp and used for pressing the sheet by the pressing rod; and positioning pin holes are formed in the surfaces of the upper clamp and the lower clamp, which are close to each other, and positioning pins are arranged in the positioning pin holes, so that the upper clamp and the lower clamp can be accurately pressed.
Example 3
Firstly, a sample is placed in a groove of a clamp 3, the clamp 3 is matched and positioned with a positioning pin of a clamp positioning rod 4 through a positioning hole 3a-3 at the bottom, the positioning pin is fixed in the groove of the clamp positioning rod, and a thermocouple is wound around and attached to the clamp 3; when the piston rod 9 is at the bottommost end under the hydraulic control, the quartz tube 18 is sleeved on the sample 2 and the clamp 3 from top to bottom in the high-temperature furnace; the mandril 1 is fixed below the top plate through a disc 22 and an upper heat insulation seat 23, and the quartz tube 18 is arranged in the high-temperature furnace 19 in a split mode; a closed space is formed between the split quartz tube 18 and the clamp system; then, through an instrument program installed on a computer, a hydraulic system 15 is adjusted to load, a piston rod 9 drives a lifting slide rod and a clamp positioning rod 4 to move upwards until a sample 2 is contacted with an ejector rod 1, the hydraulic loading system 15 is finely adjusted until the reading of a sensor is zero, and meanwhile, a grating type deformation sensor is also calibrated to be zero through the program on the computer; then, conveying the gas in the gas cylinder 21 into the quartz tube 18 through a gas conveying pipeline, and discharging the air in the quartz tube after 2-5 minutes of inflation; and then, opening the high-temperature furnace 19, slowly raising the temperature to the temperature required by the test, preserving the temperature for 30min, and then loading the load required by the test on the hydraulic loading system 15, wherein at the moment, the computer draws various curves such as a deflection-displacement curve, a strain-stress curve and the like according to the data transmitted by the load sensor 29 and the grating type deformation 30.
After the test is finished, the temperature controller is adjusted firstly, the temperature of the high temperature furnace 19 is waited to be reduced slowly, then the gas supply device 21 is stopped, the high temperature furnace 19 is opened, the piston rod 9 is moved to the bottommost end through hydraulic control, and then the sample is taken down.
Example 4
The loading system of the invention is a multi-path control hydraulic power group 15, so 4 groups of creep tests can be carried out at the same time, according to the steps of the embodiments 1, 2 and 3, the other three devices are operated in the same way, when the test is stopped, the power supply of each device is sequentially closed, then the computer is closed, and finally the total power supply is closed; the multi-path control hydraulic power set 15 adopts a set of oil source machine set to control the load work of a multi-path hydraulic oil cylinder, synchronously operates a plurality of machine devices at a middle position, connects a plurality of output ends of the multi-path control hydraulic power set with piston rods of the plurality of devices one by one, can independently operate each hydraulic cylinder through a control handle, can stop and continue at any time, and lifts and lowers objects by adjusting a direction control valve connected with each loop; the multi-path control hydraulic power unit can be synchronously operated when the loads are different, each hydraulic cylinder can be independently operated through the control handle, the unbalanced load is in a horizontal position, and the multi-path control hydraulic power unit can be stopped and continued at any time.
Also can adopt circulating device to carry out oil cooling, go up thermal-insulated seat or thermal-insulated seat is connected with hydraulic pump, external oil tank down through the pipeline, keeps coolant oil to flow fast between external oil tank and last thermal-insulated seat or thermal-insulated seat down through the hydraulic pump, guarantees that the high temperature in the stove is as little as possible transmits to load sensor.
The bearing frame adopts three layers of independent spaces, the loading part penetrates through the device from top to bottom, the upper layer and the middle layer are in sliding connection through the linear bearing, the load sensor is arranged in the middle layer, the grating type sensor is arranged on the support ring connected with the lower heat insulation seat, the grating type sensor is made of ceramics, sensitive elements in the two sensors are better guaranteed not to be influenced by temperature, and the load and the displacement are more accurately measured.
The grating type deformation sensor 30 for measuring the creep displacement of the sample is arranged on the support ring 25 of the lower heat insulation seat, and the lower heat insulation seat 26 is connected with the fixture positioning rod 4 through threads, so that the creep displacement of the sample can be indirectly measured through the ascending distance of the fixture positioning rod 4, and the experimental result is more accurate; the piston rod is lifted by controlling a hydraulic loading mode, passes through a central through hole of the hydraulic cylinder and is radially fixed by a guide sleeve and a cylinder head in the hydraulic cylinder; the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed below the middle plate through a welding flange and a bolt, and the guide sleeve in the hydraulic cylinder ensures that the piston rod cannot deviate from the center.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a metal rubber component high temperature static load creep testing machine which characterized in that: the hydraulic cylinder comprises a bottom plate and a plurality of upright posts vertically arranged on the bottom plate, wherein a middle lower plate, an upper middle plate and a top plate are fixedly arranged on the upright posts at intervals from bottom to top in parallel, a cylinder body and a piston which is arranged in the cylinder body and can move up and down are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the middle lower plate, the upper end of the piston is connected with a piston rod which extends out of the cylinder body upwards, a hydraulic cylinder bottom cover for introducing a hydraulic pipeline is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body, and a load sensor pressure receiving head are sequentially arranged at the upper end of the piston rod; the device comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, a support ring, a grating deformation sensor, a disc, an upper heat insulation seat, a mandril and a fixture positioning rod, wherein the upper plate is sleeved with a linear bearing and a lifting slide rod sleeved in the linear bearing, the upper end of the lifting slide rod supports the lower heat insulation seat and the fixture positioning rod, the lower heat insulation seat is fixedly provided with the support ring and the grating deformation sensor which is arranged on the support ring and used for detecting the lifting displacement of the fixture positioning rod, the lower surface of the top plate is fixedly provided with the disc and the upper heat insulation seat which is arranged below the disc, a closed high-temperature furnace, the mandril which extends into the high-temperature furnace from top to bottom and is arranged on the lower surface of the upper heat insulation seat, and the fixture positioning rod which extends into the high-temperature furnace from bottom to top are arranged below the upper heat insulation seat; a quartz tube positioned at the periphery of the metal rubber sample and the clamp is sleeved in the high-temperature furnace body; the high-temperature furnace is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet which are positioned in the pipe orifice area range at the upper end of the quartz pipe, the gas inlet is communicated with the first gas cylinder through a pipeline, and the gas outlet is communicated with the second gas cylinder through a pipeline.
2. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the input end of the hydraulic pipeline is connected with a multi-path controlled hydraulic power unit.
3. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the last bottom of cylinder body has the ladder groove, the embedded uide bushing that is equipped with in ladder groove, the piston rod slides in the uide bushing, the upper portion of uide bushing has the outward flange, the outward flange with the spacing cooperation in ladder groove on cylinder body upper portion is fixed.
4. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 3, wherein: the support ring is fixedly provided with two grating deformation sensors and is connected with the lower heat insulation seat through threads.
5. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 4, wherein: the lower end of the lower heat insulation seat is provided with an asbestos heat insulation pad, and the asbestos heat insulation pad is arranged between the lower end of the upper heat insulation seat and the upper end of the ejector rod.
6. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 5, wherein: the high-temperature furnace is internally provided with four thermocouples totally, wherein three thermocouples are respectively arranged at the upper, middle and lower positions of the high-temperature furnace, and the other thermocouple is arranged in a quartz tube positioned in the inner cavity of the high-temperature furnace body and used for measuring the temperature of the high-temperature furnace.
7. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 5, wherein: the bottom of the high-temperature furnace is provided with a groove and two bulges, the groove can be stably placed on the split type support frame, and the two bulges are right opposite to the grating deformation sensor so as to be used for detecting the deformation of a sample by the grating deformation sensor.
8. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 7, wherein: the upper heat insulation seat and the lower heat insulation seat are connected with the hydraulic pump and the external oil tank through pipelines, and the cooling oil is kept to flow rapidly between the external oil tank and the upper heat insulation seat or between the external oil tank and the lower heat insulation seat through the hydraulic pump.
9. The metal-rubber component high-temperature static-load creep testing machine according to claim 8, wherein: the metal rubber sample and the clamp are replaced by a metal sheet clamp suite, the metal sheet clamp suite comprises an upper clamp, a lower clamp and a sheet sample positioned between the upper clamp and the lower clamp, and the upper clamp and the lower clamp are connected through bolts; the middle of the lower clamp is provided with a groove for placing a metal sheet sample, a pressure rod penetrating through the upper clamp is in a step shape, the upper end of the pressure rod is provided with a boss, the contact area of the pressure rod and an ejector rod is increased, and a step part close to the sample is provided with a fillet transition with the radius of 0.8 mm; the bottom of the upper clamp is provided with a boss which is matched with the groove of the lower clamp to clamp the sample between the boss and the groove.
10. A method of operating the high temperature static creep testing machine for metal rubber components of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
(a) placing a metal rubber sample in a groove of a clamp, matching and limiting the clamp with a positioning pin in a groove at the top of a positioning rod of the clamp through a positioning hole at the bottom of the clamp to realize the positioning of the clamp, and simultaneously attaching a thermocouple on the clamp in a surrounding manner;
(b) the piston rod is moved to the bottommost end under the control of the hydraulic power unit, and the metal rubber sample and the clamp are sleeved with the quartz tube from top to bottom; penetrating a push rod into a quartz tube from a central hole of a top plate of the high-temperature furnace, and forming a closed space between the quartz tube and a clamp;
(c) setting the load sensor as zero, adjusting the hydraulic power set to load, enabling the piston rod to drive the lifting slide rod and the clamp positioning rod to move upwards until the metal rubber sample is contacted with the lower end of the ejector rod, and setting the two grating deformation sensors as zero;
(d) feeding the gas in the gas cylinder into the quartz tube so as to discharge the air in the quartz tube;
(e) starting high temperature, and adjusting to the temperature required by the test through a temperature controller;
(f) loading the hydraulic power unit to achieve the load required by the test;
(g) the grating deformation sensor and the load sensor start measuring values.
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