CN114001896A - Switching device of damper and method for simulating switching of damper - Google Patents
Switching device of damper and method for simulating switching of damper Download PDFInfo
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- CN114001896A CN114001896A CN202111437889.6A CN202111437889A CN114001896A CN 114001896 A CN114001896 A CN 114001896A CN 202111437889 A CN202111437889 A CN 202111437889A CN 114001896 A CN114001896 A CN 114001896A
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- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/022—Vibration control arrangements, e.g. for generating random vibrations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge shock absorption, and particularly relates to a switching device of a damper and a method for simulating switching of the damper. A switching device of a damper includes a support table; the lock catch piece is arranged on the support platform; the lock catch piece is provided with an opening, and a mounting area for mounting a screw in the ball screw damper is formed in the opening; the first elastic supporting piece is connected with the locking piece and can enable the area of the mounting area to have a tendency of becoming smaller; one end of the limiting piece extends into the opening, and the limiting piece can be close to or far away from the installation area under the action of force; the second elastic supporting piece is connected with the limiting piece and can block the limiting piece from being far away from the installation area. The switching device can automatically switch from the ball screw damper to the mild steel damper according to the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structures such as bridges and the like, so that the advantages of the combined damping system are exerted as much as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge shock absorption, and particularly relates to a switching device of a damper and a method for simulating switching of the damper.
Background
The energy consumption capacity of the ball screw damper, namely the speed type damper, is related to the speed, and the larger the deformation speed is, the larger the damping force is. The ball screw damper is a new type damping device which is widely applied to structural engineering vibration reduction in recent years, and the linear displacement between two points on a structure is converted into rotary displacement through the ball screw to drive a rotating mass block to rotate, so that the inertia mass of the structure is improved, and the vibration energy of the structure can be consumed at an accelerated speed through an eddy current damping device and the like.
The energy consumption capability of the mild steel damper, namely the displacement type damper, is related to the displacement, and the larger the deformation displacement is, the larger the damping force is.
For the bridge structure with the ball screw damper, under the action of a great earthquake, because the bridge body structure generates overlarge displacement and overlarge speed relative to a bridge pier or a bridge tower in the longitudinal bridge direction, the output force of the damper is overlarge correspondingly, and the connecting structure between the two ends of the damper and the controlled structure cannot bear the output damping force, the ball screw damper is damaged and even fails.
For the bridge structure with the mild steel damper, under the action of a medium-small earthquake, the displacement of the beam body structure relative to a pier or a bridge tower in the longitudinal bridge direction is small, and the mild steel damper is still in the elastic deformation state of steel materials of the beam body structure, so that the energy dissipation and shock absorption effects cannot be realized.
Therefore, the bridge adopting the ball screw damper or the mild steel damper alone cannot meet the longitudinal damping requirement of the bridge under different vibration levels. Therefore, when a combined damping system of a ball screw damper (velocity type) and a mild steel damper (displacement type) is adopted, the purposes of adopting the ball screw damper to work in middle and small earthquakes and adopting the mild steel damper to work in major earthquakes can be realized.
However, in the combined shock absorbing system of the ball screw damper (velocity type) and the mild steel damper (displacement type), it is difficult to efficiently switch from the operation of the ball screw damper to the operation of the mild steel damper, and thus it is difficult to exert the advantage of the combined shock absorbing system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a damper switching device which is difficult to effectively switch from the operation of a ball screw damper to the operation of a mild steel damper in a combined damping system of a ball screw damper (velocity type) and a mild steel damper (displacement type) and to exhibit the advantages of the combined damping system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a switching device of a damper comprises
A support table;
the lock catch piece is arranged on the support platform; the lock catch piece is provided with an opening, and a mounting area for mounting a screw rod in the ball screw damper is formed in the opening;
the first elastic supporting piece is connected with the locking piece and can enable the area of the mounting area to have a tendency of becoming smaller;
one end of the limiting piece extends into the opening, and under the action of force, the limiting piece can be close to or far away from the installation area;
the second elastic supporting piece is connected with the limiting piece and can block the limiting piece from being far away from the installation area.
When the switching device (hereinafter referred to as switching device) of the damper provided by the invention is used, the rotating mass block in the ball screw damper is connected with the support table in the switching device, the sleeve of the ball screw damper is connected with a vibration structure such as a bridge, a lead screw in the ball screw damper is arranged in the installation area of the switching device, the lead screw can generate relative displacement relative to the switching device, and the lead screw is connected with the mild steel damper.
When the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structures such as bridges and the like is small, the mild steel damper is in the elastic deformation state of steel materials and cannot play the roles of energy dissipation and shock absorption. At this moment, the sleeve and the screw in the ball screw damper can be relatively displaced due to vibration generated by the vibration structures such as the bridge, so that the rotating mass block in the ball screw damper can rotate, and the vibration energy of the vibration structures such as the bridge can be consumed.
Since the rotor mass in the ball screw damper is connected to the support table in the present switching device, when the rotor mass in the ball screw damper rotates, the support table also rotates together with the rotor mass. When the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge is gradually increased, the rotating speed of the support platform and the rotating mass block is faster.
The lead screw of the ball screw damper is positioned in the mounting area of the lock catch piece, the rotating mass block in the ball screw damper is mounted on the support platform, and when the rotating mass block rotates, the rotating mass block takes the axis of the lead screw as a rotating shaft. Therefore, when the support table is rotated, the support table also has the axis of the screw as the rotation axis.
The switching device comprises a locking piece and a first elastic supporting piece, wherein the locking piece is provided with an opening, a mounting area for mounting the lead screw is positioned in the opening of the locking piece, and the first elastic supporting piece can enable the area of the mounting area to have a tendency of becoming smaller. Meanwhile, the switching device further comprises a limiting part and a second elastic supporting part, one end of the limiting part extends into the opening of the lock catch part, the limiting part can be close to or far away from the installation area on the lock catch part, and the second elastic supporting part can block the limiting part from being far away from the installation area.
Therefore, the centrifugal force applied to the stopper gradually increases as the rotation speed of the support table increases. Before the limiting piece is separated from the opening of the locking piece, the size of the mounting area cannot be changed, and the lead screw and the switching device can continue to generate relative displacement. Correspondingly, relative displacement can continue to take place between sleeve and the lead screw, and the rotor mass can continue to rotate with higher speed, and the brace table that also can continue to rotate with higher speed.
As the rotation speed of the support table continues to increase, the centrifugal force applied to the stopper also increases. Under the action of centrifugal force, the limiting part tends to be far away from the installation area. When the force of the second elastic supporting piece for preventing the limiting piece from being far away from the installation area is smaller than the centrifugal force applied to the limiting piece, the limiting piece can move towards the direction far away from the installation area. Along with the continuous increase of the rotating speed of the supporting platform, the limiting piece can be separated from the opening of the locking piece. That is, when the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structures such as the bridge is large, the limiting part can be separated from the opening of the locking part.
After the limiting part is separated from the opening of the locking part, the area of the mounting area of the locking part can be reduced under the action of the first elastic supporting part, so that the locking part is connected with the screw rod, the screw rod cannot generate relative displacement with the locking part, and the screw rod cannot continue to stretch back and forth in the locking part. That is, under the effect of first elastic support piece, sleeve and lead screw can not take place relative displacement, and ball damper can not work. At this time, the ball screw damper is equivalent to a rigid rod, and the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge is directly acted on the mild steel damper through the ball screw damper, so that the vibration energy of the vibration structure such as the bridge is consumed by the mild steel damper. That is, when the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge is large, the ball screw damper stops working, and the mild steel damper consumes the vibration energy of the vibration structure such as a bridge.
Therefore, the switching device can automatically switch from the ball screw damper to the mild steel damper according to the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge, and the like, thereby exerting the advantages of the combined damping system as much as possible.
Furthermore, the lock catch piece comprises a first lock catch and a second lock catch which are oppositely arranged, one end of the first lock catch is connected with one end of the second lock catch, and the first lock catch and the second lock catch jointly form the mounting area;
and the part where one end of the first lock catch is connected with one end of the second lock catch is named as the part A, and the lock catch piece is connected with the support platform only through the part A.
Furthermore, the free end of the first lock catch is provided with a first contact piece arranged along the moving direction of the limiting piece, the free end of the second lock catch is provided with a second contact piece arranged along the moving direction of the limiting piece, one end of the limiting piece is arranged between the first contact piece and the second contact piece, and the first elastic support piece is connected with the first contact piece and/or the second contact piece.
Furthermore, the first lock catch is hinged with the second lock catch through a hinge shaft, and the hinge shaft is perpendicular to the table top of the support table.
Furthermore, the lock catch piece is provided with resistance pieces, the resistance pieces are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the mounting area, and the resistance pieces are used for increasing the resistance of a screw in the ball screw damper in the mounting area.
Further, the first elastic support comprises a guide rod, a fixing plate and a first elastic element;
the fixed plate is fixedly arranged on the supporting table and is provided with a guide hole matched with the guide rod; one end of the guide rod is connected with the first lock catch or the second lock catch, and the other end of the guide rod penetrates through the guide hole; the first elastic element is sleeved on the guide rod, one end of the first elastic element is connected with the fixing plate, and the other end of the first elastic element is connected with the first lock catch or the second lock catch.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a guide piece fixedly arranged on the support table, and the guide piece is used for guiding the movement of the limiting piece.
Furthermore, the limiting part comprises a limiting shaft and a limiting stopper fixedly arranged on the side surface of the limiting shaft, and one end of the limiting shaft extends into the opening;
the number of the guide pieces is at least two, all the guide pieces are arranged along the axial direction of the limiting shaft, all the guide pieces are respectively positioned on two sides of the limiting stopper, and the guide pieces can stop the limiting stopper from moving continuously.
Furthermore, the second elastic supporting piece comprises a second elastic element and a fixing piece fixedly arranged on the supporting table, one end of the second elastic element is connected with the fixing piece, and the other end of the second elastic element is connected with the limiting stopper.
Furthermore, the two groups of second elastic supporting pieces are symmetrically distributed around the limit shaft;
each group of the second elastic supporting pieces comprises two second elastic supporting pieces, and in each group of the second elastic supporting pieces, the two second elastic supporting pieces are symmetrically distributed around the limit stopper.
On the other hand, in order to verify the validity of the switching from the ball screw damper to the soft steel damper in the combined damping system of the ball screw damper and the soft steel damper and to summarize the problem of the influence of different vibration amplitudes generated by a vibration source on the combined damping system of the ball screw damper and the soft steel damper, the invention also provides a method for simulating the switching of the damper (hereinafter referred to as switching method), the switching method uses the switching device and comprises the following steps,
s1, mounting a mild steel damper on the workbench, fixedly mounting the sleeve part of the ball screw damper on the support table, connecting the sleeve part of the ball screw damper with a vibration source, and connecting the lead screw of the ball screw damper with the mild steel damper after penetrating through the mounting area of the locking piece; at the moment, a lead screw of the ball screw damper is arranged in parallel with the table top of the workbench;
s2, mounting an angular velocity measuring instrument on the table to measure the angular velocity of the support table; a camera shooting collecting device is arranged on the workbench to collect the state information of the ball screw damper and the mild steel damper;
the angular velocity measuring instrument is connected with the control system of the vibration source, and the control system of the vibration source can store the angular information measured by the angular velocity measuring instrument; the camera shooting acquisition device is connected with the control system of the vibration source, and the control system of the vibration source can store the state information acquired by the camera shooting acquisition device;
s3, vibrating the vibration source, andgradually increasing the vibration amplitude of the vibration source until the angular velocity detected by the angular velocity measuring instrumentWherein,
omega is the angular velocity of the support;
k is the stiffness coefficient of the second elastic support;
m is the mass of the limiting part;
x is the distance between the limiting piece and the mounting area when the limiting piece is completely separated from the opening of the locking piece;
r is the rotation radius of the limiting part;
g is the acceleration of gravity;
and S4, continuously increasing the vibration amplitude of the vibration source until the mild steel damper is destroyed.
The switching device is used in the switching method. Therefore, the switching method can automatically switch from the ball screw damper to the mild steel damper according to the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source. Therefore, in the combined damping system of the ball screw damper and the mild steel damper, the validity of the switching from the ball screw damper to the mild steel damper can be verified.
In addition, in the switching method, an angular velocity measuring instrument and a camera shooting collecting device are installed on the workbench, the angular velocity measuring instrument can directly measure the rotating speed of the supporting table, the camera shooting collecting device can collect the state information of the ball screw damper, so that the rotating speed of a rotating mass block in the ball screw damper can be measured, the state information of the ball screw damper can be collected, and the relation between the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source and the ball screw damper can be obtained by combining the control of the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source control system on the vibration amplitude; after the ball screw damper is switched to the mild steel damper, the state information of the mild steel damper can be obtained through the camera shooting acquisition device, and the relation between the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source and the mild steel damper can be obtained by combining the control of the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source control system. Therefore, the problem of influence of different vibration amplitudes generated by vibration structures such as bridges on the combined damping system of the ball screw damper and the mild steel damper can be summarized through the switching method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the switching device comprises a locking piece and a first elastic supporting piece, wherein the locking piece is provided with an opening, a mounting area for mounting the lead screw is positioned in the opening of the locking piece, and the first elastic supporting piece can enable the area of the mounting area to have a tendency of becoming smaller. Meanwhile, the switching device further comprises a limiting part and a second elastic supporting part, one end of the limiting part extends into the opening of the lock catch part, the limiting part can be close to or far away from the installation area on the lock catch part, and the second elastic supporting part can block the limiting part from being far away from the installation area. Therefore, the centrifugal force applied to the stopper gradually increases as the rotation speed of the support table increases. Before the limiting piece is separated from the opening of the locking piece, the size of the mounting area cannot be changed, and the lead screw and the switching device can continue to generate relative displacement. Correspondingly, relative displacement can continue to take place between sleeve and the lead screw, and the rotor mass can continue to rotate with higher speed, and the brace table that also can continue to rotate with higher speed. As the rotation speed of the support table continues to increase, the centrifugal force applied to the stopper also increases. Under the action of centrifugal force, the limiting part tends to be far away from the installation area. When the force of the second elastic supporting piece for preventing the limiting piece from being far away from the installation area is smaller than the centrifugal force applied to the limiting piece, the limiting piece can move towards the direction far away from the installation area. Along with the continuous increase of the rotating speed of the supporting platform, the limiting piece can be separated from the opening of the locking piece. That is, when the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structures such as the bridge is large, the limiting part can be separated from the opening of the locking part. After the limiting part is separated from the opening of the locking part, the area of the mounting area of the locking part can be reduced under the action of the first elastic supporting part, so that the locking part is connected with the screw rod, and the screw rod cannot generate relative displacement with the locking part. That is, under the effect of first elastic support piece, sleeve and lead screw can not take place relative displacement, and ball damper can not work. At this time, the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as the bridge is directly applied to the mild steel damper through the ball screw damper, and the vibration energy of the vibration structure such as the bridge is consumed by the mild steel damper. That is, when the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge is large, the ball screw damper stops working, and the mild steel damper consumes the vibration energy of the vibration structure such as a bridge. Therefore, the switching device can automatically switch from the ball screw damper to the mild steel damper according to the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge, and the like, thereby exerting the advantages of the combined damping system as much as possible.
2. The switching device is used in the switching method. Therefore, the switching method can automatically switch from the ball screw damper to the mild steel damper according to the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source. Therefore, in the combined damping system of the ball screw damper and the mild steel damper, the validity of the switching from the ball screw damper to the mild steel damper can be verified.
In addition, in the switching method, an angular velocity measuring instrument and a camera shooting collecting device are installed on the workbench, the angular velocity measuring instrument can directly measure the rotating speed of the supporting table, the camera shooting collecting device can collect the state information of the ball screw damper, so that the rotating speed of a rotating mass block in the ball screw damper can be measured, the state information of the ball screw damper can be collected, and the relation between the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source and the ball screw damper can be obtained by combining the control of the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source control system on the vibration amplitude; after the ball screw damper is switched to the mild steel damper, the state information of the mild steel damper can be obtained through the camera shooting acquisition device, and the relation between the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source and the mild steel damper can be obtained by combining the control of the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source control system. Therefore, the problem of influence of different vibration amplitudes generated by vibration structures such as bridges on the combined damping system of the ball screw damper and the mild steel damper can be summarized through the switching method.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a side view of example 1.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the fixing plate in embodiment 1.
FIG. 4 is the schematic view of the embodiment 1 showing the force applied when the position-limiting member is just completely separated from the opening of the locking member
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of example 2.
The labels in the figure are: 1-support table, 11-mounting hole, 12-through hole, 2-latch member, 21-opening, 22-mounting region, 23-first latch, 231-first contact member, 24-second latch, 241-second contact member, 25-resistance member, 3-first elastic support member, 31-guide bar, 32-fixing plate, 321-guide hole, 33-first elastic element, 4-limit member, 41-limit shaft, 42-limit stopper, 5-second elastic support member, 51-second elastic element, 52-fixing member, 6-guide member, 7-soft steel damper, 8-ball screw damper, 81-rotating mass block, 9-vibration source, 10-workbench, 101-angular velocity measuring instrument, 102-camera shooting and collecting device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment 1 provides a switching device of a damper. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment 1 includes a supporting platform 1, a locking member 2, a first elastic supporting member 3, a limiting member 4 and a second elastic supporting member 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the support base 1 of the present embodiment 1 is preferably a disk-shaped structure, and the support base 1 is provided with a through hole 12 and a mounting hole 11. In the use of the present embodiment 1, the support base 1 is in contact with the ball screw damper 8. Specifically, the screw in the ball screw damper 8 may pass through the through hole 12 on the support table 1, and the rotor mass 81 in the ball screw damper 8 may be mounted in the mounting hole 11 on the support table 1 by a bolt.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment 1, a locking member 2 is mounted on a support base 1; the catch piece 2 has an opening 21, and a mounting region 22 for mounting a screw in the ball screw damper 8 is formed in the opening 21. In use of the present embodiment 1, the rotor mass 81 in the ball screw damper 8 may be mounted in the mounting hole 11 on the support table 1 by bolts, the screw in the ball screw damper 8 is mounted in the mounting region 22, and the end of the screw passes through the through hole 12 on the support table 1.
The first elastic support 3 in the present embodiment 1 is connected to the locking member 2, and the first elastic support 3 can make the area of the mounting region 22 have a tendency to become smaller. In the embodiment 1, one end of the limiting member 4 extends into the opening 21, and under the action of the force, the limiting member 4 can approach or depart from the installation region 22; in the embodiment 1, the second elastic supporting element 5 is connected to the limiting element 4, and the second elastic supporting element 5 can block the limiting element 4 from departing from the installation region 22.
In the use of this embodiment 1, the rotating mass 81 of the ball screw damper 8 is connected to the support platform 1, the sleeve of the ball screw damper 8 is connected to the vibrating structure such as the bridge, the screw of the ball screw damper 8 is installed in the installation area 22 of this embodiment 1, and the screw can be displaced relative to this embodiment 1, and the screw is connected to the mild steel damper 7.
When the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structures such as bridges and the like is small, the mild steel damper 7 is in the elastic deformation state of steel materials and cannot play the energy dissipation and shock absorption roles. At this time, the sleeve and the screw in the ball screw damper 8 are relatively displaced due to the vibration generated by the vibrating structure such as the bridge, and the rotating mass 81 in the ball screw damper 8 is rotated, so that the vibration energy of the vibrating structure such as the bridge can be consumed.
Since the rotating mass 81 in the ball screw damper 8 is connected to the support table 1 in this embodiment 1, when the rotating mass 81 in the ball screw damper 8 rotates, the support table 1 also rotates along with the rotating mass 81. When the vibration amplitude generated by the vibrating structure such as a bridge is gradually increased, the rotation speed of the support table 1 and the rotor mass 81 is increased.
Since the screw of the ball screw damper 8 is mounted in the mounting region 22 of the catch 2, and the rotor mass 81 in the ball screw damper 8 is mounted on the support table 1, the rotor mass 81 is rotated about the axis of the screw as a rotation axis. Therefore, when the support table 1 is rotated, the support table 1 also has the axis of the screw as the rotation axis.
The present embodiment 1 includes a locking member 2 and a first resilient support member 3, the locking member 2 has an opening 21, a mounting region 22 for mounting a lead screw is located in the opening 21 of the locking member 2, and the first resilient support member 3 can make the area of the mounting region 22 have a tendency to become smaller. Meanwhile, the switching device further comprises a limiting member 4 and a second elastic supporting member 5, wherein one end of the limiting member 4 extends into the opening 21 of the locking member 2, the limiting member 4 can be close to or far away from the installation region 22 on the locking member 2, and the second elastic supporting member 5 can block the limiting member 4 from being far away from the installation region 22.
Accordingly, as the rotation speed of the support table 1 increases, the centrifugal force applied to the stopper 4 also gradually increases. Before the limiting member 4 is separated from the opening 21 of the locking member 2, the size of the mounting region 22 will not change, and the relative displacement between the screw rod and the embodiment 1 can also continue. Accordingly, relative displacement between the sleeve and the screw rod can be continuously generated, and the rotating mass block 81 can continuously rotate at an accelerated speed, that is, the support table 1 can continuously rotate at an accelerated speed.
As the rotation speed of the support table 1 continues to increase, the centrifugal force to which the stopper 4 is subjected becomes larger and larger. Under the influence of centrifugal force, the stop 4 tends to move away from the mounting region 22. When the force of the second elastic supporting member 5 resisting the limiting member 4 from departing from the installation region 22 is smaller than the centrifugal force applied to the limiting member 4, the limiting member 4 will move in the direction away from the installation region 22. As the rotation speed of the supporting base 1 continues to increase, the limiting member 4 is disengaged from the opening 21 of the locking member 2. That is, when the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge is large, the limiting member 4 is separated from the opening 21 of the locking member 2.
After the limiting member 4 is separated from the opening 21 of the locking member 2, the area of the mounting region 22 of the locking member 2 is reduced by the first elastic supporting member 3, so that the locking member 2 is connected with the screw rod, and the screw rod does not displace relative to the locking member 2. That is, the sleeve does not displace relative to the screw under the action of the first elastic support 3, and the ball screw damper 8 stops operating. At this time, the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as the bridge is directly applied to the mild steel damper 7 through the ball screw damper 8, and the vibration energy of the vibration structure such as the bridge is consumed by the mild steel damper 7. That is, when the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as the bridge is large, the ball screw damper 8 stops working, and the mild steel damper 7 consumes the vibration energy of the vibration structure such as the bridge.
Therefore, according to embodiment 1, the advantage of the combined damping system can be exhibited as much as possible by automatically switching from the ball screw damper 8 to the mild steel damper 7 according to the magnitude of the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge.
When the support table 1 rotates, the centrifugal force generated by the limiting member 4 is F1;
assuming that the limiting member 4 is completely separated from the opening 21 of the locking member 2, the distance from the limiting member 4 to the mounting region 22 is x;
at this time, the acting force of the second elastic supporting element on the limiting member 4 is F2.
Then the process of the first step is carried out,
F1=mω2r
F2=kx
in addition, locating part 4 still receives the effect of gravity G, can know when locating part 4 moves the bottom the condition that locating part 4 breaks away from the hasp that takes place most easily, carries out the atress analysis as follows to locating part 4:
F1+G=F2
mω2r+mg=kx
from the above calculation, when the angular velocity is within the rangeWhen the damper is used, the limiting part 4 is separated from the lock catch, the ball screw damper 8 is withdrawn from working, and the soft steel type damper works. Meanwhile, when the angular velocity is low, the limiting member 4 is prevented from moving away from the mounting region 22 under the action of gravity by the second elastic supporting member 5.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the locking member 2 of this embodiment 1 includes a first locking device 23 and a second locking device 24, the first locking device 23 and the second locking device 24 are disposed opposite to each other, one end of the first locking device 23 is connected to one end of the second locking device 24, the first locking device 23 and the second locking device 24 together form a mounting region 22, a portion where one end of the first locking device 23 is connected to one end of the second locking device 24 is named as a portion a, and the locking member 2 is connected to the supporting platform 1 only through the portion a. For convenience of implementation, as shown in fig. 1, each of the first locking device 23 and the second locking device 24 may be a structural member with a circular arc-shaped cross section.
In the embodiment 1, the specific connection manner between the first locking device 23 and the second locking device 24 is not limited, as long as the mounting area 22 formed between the first locking device 23 and the second locking device 24 can be formed under the action of the first elastic supporting member 3, and the area of the mounting area 22 tends to become smaller. In the embodiment 1, the first locking device 23 and the second locking device 24 can be integrally designed, but the first locking device 23 and the second locking device 24 should be elastically deformable to some extent under the action of the first elastic supporting member 3.
Preferably, the first lock 23 and the second lock 24 can be hinged by a hinge axis, which is perpendicular to the table top of the support table 1. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hinge axis is disposed at a location a.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the free end of the first lock 23 has a first contact 231 arranged along the moving direction of the stopper 4, the free end of the second lock 24 has a second contact 241 arranged along the moving direction of the stopper 4, and one end of the stopper 4 is arranged between the first contact 231 and the second contact 241. The number of the first elastic supports 3 is two, and the two first elastic supports 3 are connected to the first contact member 231 and the second contact member 241, respectively. Of course, the number of the first elastic supports 3 may be one, and the first elastic supports 3 are connected to the first contact member 231 or the second contact member 241. For convenience of implementation, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, each of the first contact 231 and the second contact 241 may be selected to have a rectangular shape.
In use in this embodiment 1, the screw in the ball screw damper 8 is mounted in the mounting region 22 in this embodiment 1. As the rotation speed of the support table 1 continues to increase, the centrifugal force to which the stopper 4 is subjected becomes larger and larger. After the limiting member 4 is separated from the opening 21 of the locking member 2, the area of the mounting region 22 of the locking member 2 is reduced by the first elastic supporting member 3, so that the locking member 2 is connected with the screw rod, and the screw rod does not move relative to the locking member 2.
In order to be able to increase the frictional resistance of the screw in the mounting region 22, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment 1 is provided with resistance members 25 on the catch member 2, the resistance members 25 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the mounting region 22, and the resistance members 25 are used to increase the resistance of the screw in the mounting region 22 in the ball screw damper 8. Preferably, the resistance 25 may alternatively be a strip-like structure made of rubber. Further, in order to facilitate the installation of the resistance members 25 in the installation region 22, in the present embodiment 1, the first lock catches 23 and the second lock catches 24 are provided with grooves for installing the resistance members 25, and in the view shown in fig. 1, the resistance members 25 are provided in six, and all the resistance members 25 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the installation region 22.
As shown in fig. 1, the first elastic support 3 of the present embodiment 1 includes a guide bar 31, a fixing plate 32, and a first elastic member 33; the fixing plate 32 is fixedly arranged on the support table 1, and a guide hole 321 matched with the guide rod 31 is formed in the fixing plate 32; one end of the guide rod 31 is connected with the first lock catch 23 or the second lock catch 24, and the other end passes through the guide hole 321; the first elastic element 33 is sleeved on the guide rod 31, and one end of the first elastic element 33 is connected with the fixing plate 32, and the other end is connected with the first lock catch 23 or the second lock catch 24.
In this embodiment 1, the connection between one end of the first elastic element 33 and the fixing plate 32 and the connection between the other end of the first elastic element 33 and the first locking catch 23 or the second locking catch 24 means: one end of the first elastic element 33 is abutted against or connected with the fixing plate 32, and the other end of the first elastic element 33 is abutted against the first lock catch 23 or the second lock catch 24, or the other end of the first elastic element 33 is connected with the first lock catch 23 or the second lock catch 24.
As shown in fig. 3, the fixing plate 32 may alternatively be a rectangular plate. The guide hole 321 may be selected as a circular through hole. The first elastic member 33 may be selected as a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the guide bar 31. In the view shown in fig. 1, the first lock catch 23 and the second lock catch 24 can rotate around the position a. The guiding rod 31 of the embodiment 1 can be fixedly connected to the first latch 23, so that the guiding hole 321 of the fixing plate 32 should be larger than the guiding rod 31 to satisfy the requirement that the guiding rod 31 can move in the guiding hole 321 when the first latch 23 rotates around the position a. Of course, the guiding rod 31 can also be hinged with the first locking catch 23, and the guiding hole 321 is in clearance fit with the guiding rod 31, so that the guiding rod 31 can move in the guiding hole 321 when the first locking catch 23 rotates around the position a.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment 1 further includes a guide 6 fixed on the supporting platform 1, and the guide 6 can be used for guiding the movement of the position-limiting member 4. In particular, the guide 6 may be chosen as a sliding guide.
In this embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the limiting member 4 includes a limiting shaft 41 and a limiting stopper 42 fixed on a side surface of the limiting shaft 41, and one end of the limiting shaft 41 extends into the opening 21. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the limiting member 4 has a cross-section. The limit stop 42 may be a rectangular structure or a columnar structure. Furthermore, the guiding elements 6 may be arranged in two groups, all the guiding elements 6 are arranged along the axial direction of the limiting shaft 41, all the guiding elements 6 are respectively located at two sides of the limiting stopper 42, and the guiding elements 6 can block the limiting stopper 42 from further moving.
In this embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the second elastic supporting member 5 includes a second elastic element 51 and a fixing member 52 fixed on the supporting platform 1, and one end of the second elastic element 51 is connected to the fixing member 52 and the other end is connected to the limiting stopper 42. In particular, the second elastic element 51 may be a spring. Preferably, in this embodiment 1, the two sets of second elastic supporting members 5 are provided, and the two sets of second elastic supporting members 5 are symmetrically distributed about the limiting shaft 41; each set of the second elastic supporting members 5 includes two second elastic supporting members 5, and in each set of the second elastic supporting members 5, the two second elastic supporting members 5 are symmetrically distributed about the limit stopper 42. Thus, the second elastic supporting member 5 can uniformly apply a force to the limiting member 4 to hinder the limiting member 4 from moving away from the mounting region 22.
Example 2
In order to verify the validity of the switching of the state of the ball screw damper 8 to the soft steel damper 7 in the combined damping system of the ball screw damper 8 and the soft steel damper 7 and to summarize the influence of different vibration amplitudes generated by the vibration source 9 on the combined damping system of the ball screw damper 8 and the soft steel damper 7, the present embodiment 2 provides a method for simulating the switching of the dampers, and the present embodiment 2 uses the switching device of the damper in the embodiment 1, and specifically comprises the following steps,
s1, as shown in fig. 5, mounting the soft steel damper 7 on the worktable 10, fixedly mounting the sleeve portion of the ball screw damper 8 on the supporting table 1, connecting the sleeve portion of the ball screw damper 8 with the vibration source 9, and connecting the screw of the ball screw damper 8 with the soft steel damper 7 after passing through the mounting region 22 of the fastener 2; at this time, the lead screw of the ball screw damper 8 is arranged in parallel with the table top of the workbench 10;
s2, mounting the angular velocity measuring instrument 101 on the table 10 to measure the angular velocity of the support table 1; a camera shooting collecting device 102 is arranged on the workbench 10 to collect the state information of the ball screw damper 8 and the mild steel damper 7; in the view shown in fig. 4, two camera shooting collecting devices 102 can be selected, one is used for collecting the state information of the ball screw damper 8, and the other is used for collecting the state information of the mild steel damper 7; specifically, the camera shooting and collecting device 102 may be a camera;
the angular velocity measuring instrument 101 is connected with a control system of the vibroseis 9, and the control system of the vibroseis 9 can store information on the angle measured by the angular velocity measuring instrument 101; the camera shooting and collecting device 102 is connected with a control system of the vibroseis 9, and the control system of the vibroseis 9 can store the state information collected by the camera shooting and collecting device 102; therefore, after the test is finished, the tester can conveniently obtain the corresponding states of the ball screw damper 8 and the mild steel damper 7 under different vibration amplitudes of the vibration source 9;
s3, vibrating the vibration source 9, and gradually increasing the vibration amplitude of the vibration source 9 until the angular velocity measured by the angular velocity measuring instrument 101Wherein,
ω is the angular velocity of the support table 1;
k is the stiffness coefficient of the second resilient support 5;
m is the mass of the limiting member 4;
x is the distance of the limiting member 4 from the mounting region 22 when the limiting member 4 is completely separated from the opening 21 of the locking member 2;
r is the rotation radius of the limiting part 4;
g is the acceleration of gravity;
s4, the vibration amplitude of the vibration source 9 continues to be increased until the mild steel damper 7 is broken.
Since this embodiment 2 uses the switching device of the damper in embodiment 1. Therefore, according to embodiment 2, the ball screw damper 8 can be automatically switched to the mild steel damper 7 according to the magnitude of the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source 9. Therefore, in the combined damping system of the ball screw damper 8 and the mild steel damper 7, the validity of the switching from the state of the ball screw damper 8 to the state of the mild steel damper 7 can be verified.
In addition, in the embodiment 2, the angular velocity measuring instrument 101 and the camera shooting collecting device 102 are installed on the worktable 10, the angular velocity measuring instrument 101 can directly measure the rotation velocity of the supporting table 1, and the camera shooting collecting device 102 can collect the state information of the ball screw damper 8, so that the rotation velocity of the rotating mass block 81 in the ball screw damper 8 can be measured, the state information of the ball screw damper 8 can be collected, and the relation between the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source 9 and the ball screw damper 8 can be obtained by combining the control system of the vibration source 9 to control the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source 9; after the ball screw damper 8 is switched to the mild steel damper 7, the state information of the mild steel damper 7 can be obtained through the camera shooting acquisition device 102, and the relation between the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source 9 and the mild steel damper 7 can be obtained by combining the control of the vibration amplitude generated by the vibration source 9 control system. Therefore, the present embodiment 2 can summarize the problem of the influence of different vibration amplitudes generated by the vibration structure such as a bridge on the combined damping system of the ball screw damper 8 and the mild steel damper 7.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A switching device of a damper, characterized in that: comprises that
A support table (1);
the locking fastener (2) is arranged on the support table (1); the locking piece (2) is provided with an opening (21), and a mounting area (22) for mounting a screw in the ball screw damper (8) is formed in the opening (21);
the first elastic support (3) is connected with the locking fastener (2), and the first elastic support (3) can make the area of the mounting area (22) have a tendency to become smaller;
one end of the limiting piece (4) extends into the opening (21), and under the action of force, the limiting piece (4) can be close to or far away from the mounting area (22);
the second elastic supporting piece (5) is connected with the limiting piece (4), and the second elastic supporting piece (5) can block the limiting piece (4) from being far away from the installation area (22).
2. The switching device of a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lock catch piece (2) comprises a first lock catch (23) and a second lock catch (24) which are oppositely arranged, one end of the first lock catch (23) is connected with one end of the second lock catch (24), and the first lock catch (23) and the second lock catch (24) jointly form the mounting area (22);
the part where one end of the first lock catch (23) is connected with one end of the second lock catch (24) is named as part A, and the lock catch piece (2) is connected with the support platform (1) only through the part A.
3. The switching device of a damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: the free end of the first lock catch (23) is provided with a first contact piece (231) arranged along the moving direction of the limiting piece (4), the free end of the second lock catch (24) is provided with a second contact piece (241) arranged along the moving direction of the limiting piece (4), one end of the limiting piece (4) is arranged between the first contact piece (231) and the second contact piece (241), and the first elastic supporting piece (3) is connected with the first contact piece (231) and/or the second contact piece (241).
4. The switching device of a damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lock catch piece (2) is provided with resistance pieces (25), the resistance pieces (25) are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the mounting area (22), and the resistance pieces (25) are used for providing the resistance of a screw in the ball screw damper (8) in the mounting area (22).
5. The switching device of a damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first elastic support (3) comprises a guide rod (31), a fixing plate (32) and a first elastic element (33);
the fixing plate (32) is fixedly arranged on the supporting table (1), and a guide hole (321) matched with the guide rod (31) is formed in the fixing plate (32); one end of the guide rod (31) is connected with the first lock catch (23) or the second lock catch (24), and the other end of the guide rod penetrates through the guide hole (321); the first elastic element (33) is sleeved on the guide rod (31), one end of the first elastic element (33) is connected with the fixing plate (32), and the other end of the first elastic element is connected with the first lock catch (23) or the second lock catch (24).
6. The switching device of a damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the supporting platform is characterized by further comprising a guide piece (6) fixedly arranged on the supporting platform (1), wherein the guide piece (6) is used for guiding the movement of the limiting piece (4).
7. The switching device of a damper according to claim 6, wherein: the limiting piece (4) comprises a limiting shaft (41) and a limiting stopper (42) fixedly arranged on the side surface of the limiting shaft (41), and one end of the limiting shaft (41) extends into the opening (21);
the number of the guide pieces (6) is at least two, all the guide pieces (6) are arranged along the axial direction of the limiting shaft (41), all the guide pieces (6) are respectively positioned on two sides of the limiting stopper (42), and the guide pieces (6) can block the limiting stopper (42) from moving continuously.
8. The switching device of a damper according to claim 7, wherein: the second elastic supporting piece (5) comprises a second elastic element (51) and a fixing piece (52) fixedly arranged on the supporting platform (1), one end of the second elastic element (51) is connected with the fixing piece (52), and the other end of the second elastic element is connected with the limiting stopper (42).
9. The switching device of a damper according to claim 8, wherein: the number of the second elastic supporting pieces (5) is two, and the two groups of the second elastic supporting pieces (5) are symmetrically distributed around the limiting shaft (41);
each set of the second elastic supporting pieces (5) comprises two second elastic supporting pieces (5), and in each set of the second elastic supporting pieces (5), the two second elastic supporting pieces (5) are symmetrically distributed around the limit stopper (42).
10. A method of simulating damper switching, characterized by: switching device using a damper according to any of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of,
s1, mounting a mild steel damper (7) on a workbench (10), fixedly mounting a sleeve part of a ball screw damper (8) on a support table (1), connecting the sleeve part of the ball screw damper (8) with a vibration source (9), and connecting a lead screw of the ball screw damper (8) with the mild steel damper (7) after penetrating through a mounting area (22) of a locking piece (2); at the moment, a lead screw of the ball screw damper (8) is arranged in parallel with the table top of the workbench (10);
s2, mounting an angular velocity measuring instrument (101) on the workbench (10) to measure the angular velocity of the support table (1); a camera shooting acquisition device (102) is arranged on the workbench (10) to acquire state information of the ball screw damper (8) and the mild steel damper (7);
the angular velocity measuring instrument (101) is connected with a control system of the vibroseis (9), and the control system of the vibroseis (9) can store information on an angle measured by the angular velocity measuring instrument (101); the camera shooting acquisition device (102) is connected with a control system of the vibroseis (9), and the control system of the vibroseis (9) can store state information acquired by the camera shooting acquisition device (102);
s3, vibrating the vibration source (9) and gradually increasing the vibration amplitude of the vibration source (9) until the angular velocity detected by the angular velocity measuring instrument (101)Wherein,
omega is the angular speed of the support table (1);
k is the stiffness coefficient of the second elastic support (5);
m is the mass of the limiting part (4);
x is the distance between the limiting piece (4) and the mounting area (22) when the limiting piece (4) is completely separated from the opening (21) of the locking piece (2);
r is the rotation radius of the limiting part (4);
g is the acceleration of gravity;
and S4, continuously increasing the vibration amplitude of the vibration source (9) until the soft steel damper (7) is subjected to plastic deformation.
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CN114737471A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-12 | 重庆交通大学 | Bridge with damping shock absorption system and working method of damping shock absorption system |
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