CN113997830A - New energy automobile and thermal management system - Google Patents

New energy automobile and thermal management system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113997830A
CN113997830A CN202111553437.4A CN202111553437A CN113997830A CN 113997830 A CN113997830 A CN 113997830A CN 202111553437 A CN202111553437 A CN 202111553437A CN 113997830 A CN113997830 A CN 113997830A
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China
Prior art keywords
port
valve
heat exchanger
switching valve
valve group
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Pending
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CN202111553437.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张明轩
马俊
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Jingwei Hengrun Tianjin Research And Development Co ltd
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Jingwei Hengrun Tianjin Research And Development Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111553437.4A priority Critical patent/CN113997830A/en
Publication of CN113997830A publication Critical patent/CN113997830A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00485—Valves for air-conditioning devices, e.g. thermostatic valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3223—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or type of the compressor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy automobile and a thermal management system, which comprise: the system comprises a battery heating system, a motor and controller water cooling system, a heat pump system and a controller, wherein the battery heating system is used for heating the battery; the motor and controller water cooling system is used for cooling the motor and the controller; the heat pump system comprises a heat pump system, wherein the heat pump system comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, a control valve assembly, a battery heat exchanger for battery heat exchange, a carriage inner heat exchanger for carriage heat exchange, a carriage outer heat exchanger for carriage heat exchange, and a motor and controller heat exchanger for heat exchange of a motor and controller water cooling system; the controller controls operation of the battery heating system, the motor and controller water cooling system, the compressor and the control valve assembly to switch among the plurality of operating modes. The thermal management system improves the endurance mileage of the electric automobile.

Description

New energy automobile and thermal management system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobiles, in particular to a new energy automobile and a thermal management system.
Background
The research content of the new energy automobile thermal management system mainly comprises the following three parts: the method comprises the following steps of power battery heat management, driving motor heat management and vehicle internal environment heat management. The thermal management of the power battery, the thermal management of the driving motor and the thermal management of the environment in the automobile of most of the conventional electric automobiles are relatively independent, so that the overall thermal management energy consumption is high, and the endurance mileage and the performance of the whole automobile are seriously influenced. At present, an air conditioning system of an electric automobile is mainly completed by adopting a resistance PTC (positive Temperature coefficient) heater, almost half of electric quantity is used for heating in winter, and the driving mileage of a new energy automobile is greatly reduced. And when the heat pump system operates in winter, the frosting of the outdoor unit can greatly influence the heating performance of the system. Other heat sources such as motor electric control need to dissipate heat, such as: the driving motor is used as a pure electric vehicle energy conversion unit, a battery is used as a power source, and electric energy is converted into mechanical energy to drive wheels. Because heat generated by mechanical loss, friction loss and the like can be generated in the process of energy conversion, if the heat cannot be dissipated in time, the thermal fatigue of the motor can be caused, and the service performance of the battery is reduced.
Therefore, how to improve the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a new energy automobile and a thermal management system to improve the endurance mileage of an electric automobile.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a thermal management system, comprising:
a battery heating system for heating the battery;
the motor and controller water cooling system is used for cooling the motor and the controller;
the heat pump system comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, a control valve assembly, a battery heat exchanger for battery heat exchange, a carriage inner heat exchanger for carriage heat exchange, a carriage outer heat exchanger for carriage heat exchange, and a motor and controller heat exchanger for motor and controller water cooling system heat exchange; the battery heat exchanger, the carriage inner heat exchanger, the carriage outer heat exchanger, the motor and controller heat exchanger, the four-way valve, the compressor and the control valve component are connected through pipelines; the battery heat exchanger is connected in parallel with the carriage inner heat exchanger and then connected in series with the carriage outer heat exchanger and the motor and controller heat exchanger between the pipe orifice C of the four-way valve and the pipe orifice E of the four-way valve; both ends of the motor and controller heat exchanger are also provided with a first bypass; the compressor is arranged between the D pipe orifice and the S pipe orifice of the four-way valve, and the pipeline is used for the circulation of refrigerant;
the controller controls the operation of the battery heating system, the motor and controller water cooling system and the compressor and controls the on-off of the valve assembly, and the switching of various working modes is realized by changing the flow direction of the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger, the carriage heat exchanger and/or the motor and controller heat exchanger.
The invention also discloses a new energy automobile which comprises any one of the heat management systems.
By adopting the thermal management system, the controller controls the operation of the battery heating system, the motor, the controller water cooling system, the compressor and the control valve assembly so as to switch among a plurality of working modes. Therefore, the coordinated work of battery thermal management, carriage thermal management and electrical component thermal management is realized. When carrying out the battery thermal management, can carry out accurate control (heating and refrigeration) to its temperature according to the operating condition of battery, can adopt battery heating system to rise the battery temperature to the target temperature before the vehicle starts in winter, adopt the heat pump system to cool down for the battery summer. When the heat management of the carriage is carried out, the heat pump system is adopted for carriage heating in winter and carriage refrigeration in summer, the working efficiency is higher compared with that of single PTC heating in winter, particularly, the heat exchanger outside the carriage is easy to frost in winter, and the system can defrost the heat exchanger outside the carriage by utilizing the heat of the battery. When the motor and the controller are thermally managed: the motor and the controller both adopt a water cooling mode, and heat of the motor and the controller can be used for heating a battery and a heat source of a carriage of the heat pump system in winter, so that the operation efficiency of the heat pump system in winter is further improved; the heat generated by the motor and the controller in summer is used as a heat source of an evaporator in the air-conditioning system, so that the heat dissipation efficiency in summer is improved. Therefore, the thermal management system improves the endurance mileage of the electric automobile.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 to 5 are schematic diagrams of another thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 to 15 are schematic diagrams illustrating refrigerant flow directions of the thermal management system according to the embodiment of the present invention in ten working modes.
Wherein: 100 is a battery heating system, 200 is a motor and controller water cooling system, and 300 is a heat pump system;
201 is a water pump, 202 is a water cooling module, and 203 is a water cooling pipeline;
301 is a compressor, 302 is a four-way valve, 303 is a battery heat exchanger, 304 is a vehicle interior heat exchanger, 305 is a vehicle exterior heat exchanger, 306 is a motor and controller heat exchanger, 307 is a first expansion valve, 308 is a second expansion valve, 309 is a third expansion valve, 310 is a fourth expansion valve, 311 is a first switching valve group, 312 is a second switching valve group, 313 is a third switching valve group, 314 is a fourth switching valve group, 315 is a fifth switching valve group, 316 is a sixth switching valve group, 317 is a seventh switching valve group, 318 is an eighth switching valve group, 319 is a liquid storage tank, 320 is a first bypass, 321 is a second bypass, and 322 is a third bypass;
311a is a first valve, 311b is a second valve, 312a is a third valve, 312b is a fourth valve, 313a is a fifth valve, 313b is a sixth valve, 314a is a seventh valve, 314b is an eighth valve, 315a is a ninth valve, 315b is a tenth valve, 316a is an eleventh valve, 316b is a tenth valve, 317a is a tenth valve, and 317b is a fourteenth valve.
Detailed Description
At present, the thermal management of a power battery, a motor, a controller and a carriage of most of electric automobiles is relatively independent, so that the energy consumption of an overall thermal management system is high, and the endurance mileage and the performance of the whole automobile are seriously influenced. Therefore, a set of comprehensive heat management system needs to be designed to solve the problems of heating performance reduction and motor and controller cooling caused by frosting of the heat exchanger outside the carriage in winter when the battery and the carriage are heated in winter and cooled in summer. The core of the invention is to provide the new energy automobile and the thermal management system so as to improve the endurance mileage of the electric automobile.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 15, a thermal management system disclosed in the present invention includes a battery heating system 100, a motor and controller water cooling system 200, a heat pump system 300 and a controller, wherein:
a battery heating system 100 for heating a battery.
And the motor and controller water cooling system 200 is used for cooling the motor and the controller.
The heat pump system 300 includes a compressor 301, a four-way valve 302, a control valve assembly, a battery heat exchanger 303 for battery heat exchange, an in-car heat exchanger 304 for in-car heat exchange, an out-car heat exchanger 305 for out-car heat exchange, and a motor and controller heat exchanger 306 for motor and controller water cooling system heat exchange. Wherein, the battery heat exchanger 303, the carriage interior heat exchanger 304, the carriage exterior heat exchanger 305, the motor and controller heat exchanger 306, the compressor 301, the four-way valve 302 and the control valve component are connected through pipelines; the battery heat exchanger 303 is connected in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 304 and then connected in series with the outdoor heat exchanger 305 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 between the pipe orifice C of the four-way valve 302 and the pipe orifice E of the four-way valve 302; a first bypass 320 is also provided at both ends of the motor and controller heat exchanger 306; the compressor 301 is disposed between the D-port and the S-port of the four-way valve 302, and a pipe line is used for the circulation of refrigerant.
The controller controls the operation of the battery heating system 100, the motor and controller water cooling system 200 and the compressor 301 and controls the on-off of the valve components, and the switching of multiple working modes is realized by changing the flow direction of the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger 303, the carriage inner heat exchanger 304, the carriage outer heat exchanger 305 and/or the motor and controller heat exchanger 306.
The controller controls the operation of the battery heating system 100, the motor and controller water cooling system 200, the compressor 301 and the control valve assembly to switch among the various operating modes. Therefore, the coordinated work of battery thermal management, carriage thermal management and electrical component thermal management is realized. When the battery is subjected to thermal management, the temperature of the battery can be accurately controlled (heated and refrigerated) according to the working state of the battery, the battery temperature can be increased to a target temperature by adopting the battery heating system 100 before the vehicle is started in winter, and the battery is cooled by adopting the heat pump system in summer. When the heat management of the carriage is carried out, the heat pump system 300 is adopted for both carriage heating in winter and carriage cooling in summer, the work efficiency is higher compared with that of single PTC heating in winter, particularly, the heat exchanger 305 outside the carriage is easy to frost in winter, and the system can defrost the heat exchanger by using the heat of the battery. When the motor and the controller are thermally managed: the motor and the controller both adopt a water cooling mode, and heat of the motor and the controller can be used for heating a battery and a heat source of a carriage by the heat pump system 300 in winter, so that the operation efficiency of the heat pump system in winter is further improved; the heat generated by the motor and the controller in summer is used as a heat source of an evaporator in the air-conditioning system, so that the heat dissipation efficiency in summer is improved. Therefore, the thermal management system improves the endurance mileage of the electric automobile.
The purpose of the control valve assembly is to effect switching between the various operating modes by changing the flow direction of the refrigerant within the battery heat exchanger 303, the cabin interior heat exchanger 304, the cabin exterior heat exchanger 305 and/or the motor and controller heat exchanger 306. In some embodiments of the present invention, the control valve assembly includes a first expansion valve 307, a second expansion valve 308, a third expansion valve 309, a first switching valve set 311, a second switching valve set 312, a third switching valve set 313, a fourth switching valve set 314, a fifth switching valve set 315, a sixth switching valve set 316, and a seventh switching valve set 317 of the heat pump system.
A first port of the first switching valve group 311 is communicated with a C pipe port of the four-way valve, a second port of the first switching valve group 311 is communicated with a first port of the battery heat exchanger 303, and a third port of the first switching valve group 311 is communicated with a first port of the cabin interior heat exchanger 304. A first port of the second switching valve group 312 communicates with a second port of the battery heat exchanger 303, a second port of the second switching valve group 312 communicates with an outlet of the first expansion valve 307, and a third port of the second switching valve group 312 communicates with an inlet of the first expansion valve 307. A first port of the third switching valve group 313 communicates with a second port of the cabin interior heat exchanger 304, a second port of the third switching valve group 313 communicates with an outlet of the second expansion valve 308, and a third port of the third switching valve group 313 communicates with an inlet of the second expansion valve 308. A first port of the fourth switching valve group 314 communicates with a first port of the fifth switching valve group 315, a second port of the fourth switching valve group 314 communicates with an outlet of the third expansion valve 309, and a third port of the fourth switching valve group 314 communicates with an inlet of the third expansion valve 309. A second port of the fifth switching valve group 315 communicates with a first port of the outdoor heat exchanger 305, and a third port of the fifth switching valve group 315 communicates with a second port of the outdoor heat exchanger 305. A first port of the sixth switching valve block 316 communicates with a first port of the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 and a second port of the sixth switching valve block 316 communicates with a second port of the outdoor heat exchanger 305. The inlet of the first expansion valve, the inlet of the second expansion valve and the inlet of the third expansion valve are communicated. A first port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is communicated with an E-port of the four-way valve, a second port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is communicated with a second port of the motor and controller heat exchanger 306, and a third port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is communicated with a second port of the outdoor heat exchanger 305. The controller controls the four-way valve 302, the first switching valve group 311, the second switching valve group 312, the third switching valve group 313, the fourth switching valve group 314, the fifth switching valve group 315, the sixth switching valve group 316 and the seventh switching valve group 317 to operate so as to switch among a plurality of working modes.
In order to supplement the refrigerant for the thermal management system, the thermal management system further comprises a liquid storage tank 319, a first port of the liquid storage tank 319 is connected with the battery heat exchanger 303 and the cabin heat exchanger 304 which are arranged in parallel, a second switching valve group 312 is positioned between the first port of the liquid storage tank 319 and the cabin heat exchanger 304, and a third switching valve group 313 is positioned between the first port of the liquid storage tank 319 and the battery heat exchanger 303; the second port of the reservoir 319 is connected in series with the outdoor heat exchanger 305, and the fourth switching valve set 314 is located between the second port of the reservoir 319 and the outdoor heat exchanger 305.
To increase the operating mode, the thermal management system further includes a second bypass 321, the second bypass 321 communicating the first port of the reservoir 319 with the third port of the sixth switching valve block 316. The sixth switching valve group 316 regulates the opening and closing of the second bypass 321, and the opening and closing between the outdoor heat exchanger 305 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306.
Further, a fourth expansion valve 310 is disposed on the second bypass 321, and an inlet of the fourth expansion valve 310 is communicated with an inlet of the second expansion valve 308, an inlet of the first expansion valve 307 and a first port of the liquid storage tank 319; an outlet of the fourth expansion valve 310 communicates with a third port of the sixth switching valve group 316.
In order to increase the working mode, the thermal management system further comprises a third bypass 322, the third bypass 322 is communicated with the second port of the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 and the port C of the four-way valve 302, an eighth switching valve group 318 is arranged on the third bypass 322, and the eighth switching valve group 318 adjusts the on-off state of the third bypass 322.
When the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the D pipe orifice of the four-way valve is communicated with the E pipe orifice, and the C pipe orifice of the four-way valve is communicated with the S pipe orifice; when the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the D pipe orifice of the four-way valve is connected to the C pipe orifice, and the E pipe orifice of the four-way valve is connected to the S pipe orifice.
When the first switching valve set 311 is in the first state, the first port of the first switching valve set 311 is connected to the second port of the first switching valve set 311, and the first port of the first switching valve set 311 is disconnected from the third port of the first switching valve set 311; when the first switching valve set 311 is in the second state, the first port of the first switching valve set 311 is blocked from the second port of the first switching valve set 311, and the first port of the first switching valve set 311 is communicated with the third port of the first switching valve set 311; when the first switching valve set 311 is in the third state, the first port of the first switching valve set 311 is communicated with the second port of the first switching valve set 311, and the first port of the first switching valve set 311 is communicated with the third port of the first switching valve set 311.
When the second switching valve set 312 is in the first state, the first port of the second switching valve set 312 is connected to the second port of the second switching valve set 312, and the first port of the second switching valve set 312 is disconnected from the third port of the second switching valve set 312. When the second switching valve group 312 is in the second state, the first port of the second switching valve group 312 is blocked from the second port of the second switching valve group 312, and the first port of the second switching valve group 312 is communicated with the third port of the second switching valve group 312; when the second switching valve set 312 is in the third state, the first port of the second switching valve set 312, the second port of the second switching valve set 312, and the third port of the second switching valve set 312 are both turned on and off.
When the third switching valve group 313 is in the first state, the first port of the third switching valve group 313 is communicated with the second port of the third switching valve group 313, and the first port of the third switching valve group 313 is blocked from the third port of the third switching valve group 313; when the third switching valve group 313 is in the second state, the first port of the third switching valve group 313 is blocked from the second port of the third switching valve group 313, and the first port of the third switching valve group 313 is communicated with the third port of the third switching valve group 313; when the third switching valve group 313 is in the third state, the first port of the third switching valve group 313, the second port of the third switching valve group 313 and the third port of the third switching valve group 313 are both closed.
When the fourth switching valve group 314 is in the first state, the first port of the fourth switching valve group 314 is connected with the second port of the fourth switching valve group 314, and the first port of the fourth switching valve group 314 is disconnected with the third port of the fourth switching valve group 314; when the fourth switching valve group 314 is in the second state, the first port of the fourth switching valve group 314 is blocked from the second port of the fourth switching valve group 314, and the first port of the fourth switching valve group 314 is communicated with the third port of the fourth switching valve group 314; when the fourth switching valve group 314 is in the third state, the first port of the fourth switching valve group 314, the second port of the fourth switching valve group 314, and the third port of the fourth switching valve group 314 are both turned on and off.
When the fifth switching valve group 315 is in the first state, the first port of the fifth switching valve group 315 is connected to the second port of the fifth switching valve group 315, and the first port of the fifth switching valve group 315 is disconnected from the third port of the fifth switching valve group 315; when the fifth switching valve group 315 is in the second state, the first port of the fifth switching valve group 315 is blocked from the second port of the fifth switching valve group 315, and the first port of the fifth switching valve group 315 is communicated with the third port of the fifth switching valve group 315; when the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the third state, the first port of the fifth switching valve set 315 is connected to the second port of the fifth switching valve set 315, and the first port of the fifth switching valve set 315 is connected to the third port of the fifth switching valve set 315.
When the sixth switching valve group 316 is in the first state, the first port of the sixth switching valve group 316 is connected to the third port of the sixth switching valve group 316, and the first port of the sixth switching valve group 316 is disconnected from the second port of the sixth switching valve group 316; when the sixth switching valve group 316 is in the second state, the first port of the sixth switching valve group 316 is blocked from the third port of the sixth switching valve group 316, and the first port of the sixth switching valve group 316 is communicated with the second port of the sixth switching valve group 316; when the sixth switching valve group 316 is in the third state, the first port of the sixth switching valve group 316, the third port of the sixth switching valve group 316, and the second port of the sixth switching valve group 316 are both turned on and off.
When the seventh switching valve group 317 is in the first state, the first port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is connected to the second port of the seventh switching valve group 317, and the first port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is disconnected from the third port of the seventh switching valve group 317; when the seventh switching valve group 317 is in the second state, the first port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is blocked from the second port of the seventh switching valve group 317, and the first port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is connected to the third port of the seventh switching valve group 317; when the seventh switching valve group 317 is in the third state, the first port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is connected to the second port of the seventh switching valve group 317, and the first port of the seventh switching valve group 317 is connected to the third port of the seventh switching valve group 317.
When the eighth switching valve group 318 is in the first state, the first port of the eighth switching valve group 318 is connected to the second port of the eighth switching valve group 318; when the eighth switching valve block 318 is in the second state, the first port of the eighth switching valve block 318 is blocked by the second port of the eighth switching valve block 318.
The controller controls the operation of the four-way valve 302, the first switching valve group 311, the second switching valve group 312, the third switching valve group 313, the fourth switching valve group 314, the fifth switching valve group 315, the sixth switching valve group 316, the seventh switching valve group 317, and the eighth switching valve group 318.
It should be noted that the first switching valve group 311, the second switching valve group 312, the third switching valve group 313, the fourth switching valve group 314, the fifth switching valve group 315, the sixth switching valve group 316, the seventh switching valve group 317, and the eighth switching valve group 318 are composed of at least one valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, a first port of the first valve 311a and a first port of the second valve 311b are the first port of the first switching valve group 311, a second port of the first valve 311a is the second port of the first switching valve group 311, and a second port of the second valve 311b is the third port of the first switching valve group 311. Or the first switching valve set 311 is a two-position three-way reversing valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the second switching valve set 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the first port of the third valve 312a and the first port of the fourth valve 312b are used as the first port of the second switching valve set 312, the second port of the third valve 312a is used as the second port of the second switching valve set 312, and the second port of the fourth valve 312b is used as the third port of the second switching valve set 312. Or the second switching valve set 312 is a two-position three-way directional valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, a first port of the fifth valve 313a and a first port of the sixth valve 313b are the first port of the third switching valve group 313, a second port of the fifth valve 313a is the second port of the third switching valve group 313, and a second port of the sixth valve 313b is the third port of the third switching valve group 313. Or the third switching valve group 313 is a two-position three-way reversing valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the first port of the seventh valve 314a and the first port of the eighth valve 314b are the first port of the fourth switching valve group 314, the second port of the seventh valve 314a is the second port of the fourth switching valve group 314, and the second port of the eighth valve 314b is the third port of the fourth switching valve group 314. Or the fourth switching valve group 314 is a two-position three-way reversing valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the first port of the ninth valve 315a and the first port of the tenth valve 315b are the first ports of the fifth switching valve group 315, the second port of the ninth valve 315a is the second port of the fifth switching valve group 315, and the second port of the tenth valve 315b is the third port of the fifth switching valve group 315. Or the fifth switching valve set 315 is a two-position three-way directional valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a twelfth valve 316b, a first port of the eleventh valve 316a and a first port of the twelfth valve 316b are the first port of the sixth switching valve group 316, a second port of the eleventh valve 316a is the second port of the sixth switching valve group 316, and a second port of the twelfth valve 316b is the third port of the sixth switching valve group 316. Or the sixth switching valve set 316 is a two-position three-way reversing valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the seventh switching valve set 317 includes a thirteenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, a first port of the thirteenth valve 317a and a first port of the fourteenth valve 317b are used as the first port of the seventh switching valve set 317, a second port of the thirteenth valve 317a is used as the second port of the seventh switching valve set 317, and a second port of the fourteenth valve 317b is used as the third port of the seventh switching valve set 317. Or the seventh switching valve group 317 is a two-position three-way reversing valve.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the eighth switching valve block 318 includes a fifteenth valve, a first port of the fifteenth valve is used as the first port of the eighth switching valve block 318, and a second port of the fifteenth valve is used as the second port of the eighth switching valve block 318.
In order to realize precise thermal management, there are various working modes, and each working mode is coordinated with the battery heating system 100, the motor and controller water cooling system 200 and the heat pump system 300. Wherein, the more the working modes are, the higher the control precision is.
In some embodiments of the present invention, there are eight kinds of operation modes, which are a first operation mode, a second operation mode, a third operation mode, a fourth operation mode, a fifth operation mode, a sixth operation mode, a seventh operation mode, and an eighth operation mode.
Referring to fig. 6, when the first operation mode is switched, the battery heat exchanger 303 and the cabin heat exchanger 304 are condensers arranged in parallel, and the cabin heat exchanger 305 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators arranged in series.
In the first operation mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the third state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the first state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the first state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the second state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the first state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the second state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the second state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the second state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
In the first operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the first valve 311a, the second valve 311b, the third valve 312a, the fifth valve 313a, the eighth valve 314b, the ninth valve 315a, the eleventh valve 316a, and the fourteenth valve 317b are open, and the fourth valve 312b, the sixth valve 313b, the seventh valve 314a, the tenth valve 315b, the twelfth valve 316b, the thirteenth valve 317a, and the fifteenth valve are closed. The battery heat exchanger 303 and the cabin heat exchanger 304 are condensers disposed in parallel, the cabin heat exchanger 305 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators disposed in series, and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 serves as an evaporator for absorbing heat in the motor and controller coolant.
Referring to fig. 7, when the second operation mode is switched, the battery heat exchanger 303 and the cabin heat exchanger 304 are condensers connected in parallel, the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 is an evaporator, and the cabin heat exchanger 305 is not operated.
In the second operation mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the third state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the first state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the first state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the second state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the second state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the second state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the second state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the second state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
In the second operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, with the first valve 311a, the second valve 311b, the third valve 312a, the fifth valve 313a, the eighth valve 314b, the tenth valve 315b, the eleventh valve 316a, and the fourteenth valve 317b open, and the fourth valve 312b, the sixth valve 313b, the seventh valve 314a, the ninth valve 315a, the twelfth valve 316b, the thirteenth valve 317a, and the fifteenth valve closed. The battery heat exchanger 303 and the cabin heat exchanger 304 are condensers disposed in parallel, the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 is an evaporator, and absorbs heat from the motor and controller coolant, and the cabin heat exchanger 305 is not operated.
Referring to fig. 8, when the third operating mode is selected, the cabin heat exchanger 304 is a condenser, the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 is an evaporator, and the battery heat exchanger 303 and the cabin heat exchanger 305 are not operated.
In the third operation mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the second state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the third state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the first state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the second state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the second state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the second state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the second state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the second state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
In the third operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the second valve 311b, the fifth valve 313a, the eighth valve 314b, the tenth valve 315b, the eleventh valve 316a, and the fourteenth valve 317b are open, and the first valve 311a, the third valve 312a, the fourth valve 312b, the sixth valve 313b, the seventh valve 314a, the ninth valve 315a, the twelfth valve 316b, the thirteenth valve 317a, and the fifteenth valve are closed. The cabin heat exchanger 304 is a condenser and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 is an evaporator that absorbs heat from the motor and controller coolant. The battery heat exchanger 303 and the outside compartment heat exchanger 305 do not operate.
Referring to fig. 9, when the fourth operation mode is switched, the cabin heat exchanger 304 is a condenser, the cabin heat exchanger 305 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators arranged in series, and the battery heat exchanger 303 is not operated.
In the fourth operation mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the second state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the third state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the first state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the second state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the first state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the second state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the second state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the second state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
In the fourth operation mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the second state, the second valve 311b, the fifth valve 313a, the eighth valve 314b, the ninth valve 315a, the eleventh valve 316a, and the fourteenth valve 317b are open, and the first valve 311a, the third valve 312a, the fourth valve 312b, the sixth valve 313b, the seventh valve 314a, the tenth valve 315b, the twelfth valve 316b, the thirteenth valve 317a, and the fifteenth valve are closed. The heat exchanger 304 in the compartment is a condenser for heating the compartment, the heat exchanger 305 outside the compartment and the heat exchanger 306 of the motor and controller are evaporators arranged in series, the heat exchanger 305 outside the compartment absorbs heat in the environment, and the heat exchanger 306 of the motor and controller absorbs heat in cooling liquid of the motor and controller; the battery heat exchanger 303 is not operating.
Referring to fig. 10, when the fifth operation mode is switched, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser, and the battery heat exchanger 303, the indoor heat exchanger 304 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators arranged in parallel.
In the fifth operation mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the third state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the second state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the second state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the first state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the first state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the first state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the first state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the first state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
In the fifth operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the fifteenth valve 317a, the thirteenth valve 316b, the ninth valve 315a, the seventh valve 314a, the sixth valve 313b, the fourth valve 312b, the second valve 311b, and the first valve 311a are open, and the fourteenth valve 317b, the eleventh valve 316a, the tenth valve 315b, the eighth valve 314b, the fifth valve 313a, and the third valve 312a are closed. The outdoor heat exchanger 305 releases heat to the environment for the condenser, the battery heat exchanger 303, the indoor heat exchanger 304 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators arranged in parallel, the indoor heat exchanger 304 refrigerates the compartment, and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 absorbs heat in the cooling liquid of the motor and controller.
Referring to fig. 11, when the sixth operation mode is switched, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser, the battery heat exchanger 303 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators arranged in parallel, and the indoor heat exchanger 304 is not operated.
In the sixth operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the first switching valve group 311 is in the first state, the second switching valve group 312 is in the second state, the third switching valve group 313 is in the third state, the fourth switching valve group 314 is in the first state, the fifth switching valve group 315 is in the first state, the sixth switching valve group 316 is in the first state, the seventh switching valve group 317 is in the first state, and the eighth switching valve group 318 is in the first state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
When switching to the sixth operation mode, the compressor 301 and the four-way valve 302 are operated, the fifteenth valve 317a, the thirteenth valve 316b, the ninth valve 315a, the seventh valve 314a, the fourth valve 312b and the first valve 311a are opened, and the fourteenth valve 317b, the eleventh valve 316a, the tenth valve 315b, the eighth valve 314b, the sixth valve 313b, the fifth valve 313a, the third valve 312a and the second valve 311b are closed. The outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser and releases heat to the environment, the battery heat exchanger 303 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators arranged in parallel, the battery heat exchanger 303 serves as an evaporator and cools the battery pack, and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 serves as an evaporator and absorbs heat in cooling liquid of the motor and the controller; the cabin heat exchanger 304 does not operate.
Referring to fig. 12, when the seventh operating mode is switched, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser, the indoor heat exchanger 304 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are evaporators arranged in parallel, and the battery heat exchanger 303 is not operated.
In the seventh operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the first switching valve group 311 is in the second state, the second switching valve group 312 is in the third state, the third switching valve group 313 is in the second state, the fourth switching valve group 314 is in the first state, the fifth switching valve group 315 is in the first state, the sixth switching valve group 316 is in the first state, the seventh switching valve group 317 is in the first state, and the eighth switching valve group 318 is in the first state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
When switching to the seventh operation mode, the compressor 301 and the four-way valve 302 are operated, the fifteenth valve 317a, the thirteenth valve 316b, the ninth valve 315a, the seventh valve 314a, the sixth valve 313b, and the second valve 311b are opened, and the fourteenth valve 317b, the eleventh valve 316a, the tenth valve 315b, the eighth valve 314b, the fifth valve 313a, the fourth valve 312b, the third valve 312a, and the first valve 311a are closed. The outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser, which releases heat to the environment; the heat exchanger 304 in the carriage and the heat exchanger 306 of the motor and the controller are evaporators arranged in parallel, the heat exchanger 304 in the carriage is used as the evaporator to refrigerate the carriage, and the heat exchanger 306 of the motor and the controller is used as the evaporator to absorb heat in cooling liquid of the motor and the controller; the battery heat exchanger 303 is not operating.
Referring to fig. 13, when the eighth operating mode is switched, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser, the battery heat exchanger 303 is an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 304 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are not operated.
In the eighth operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the first state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the second state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the third state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the first state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the first state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the third state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the first state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the second state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
When the eighth operation mode is switched, the compressor 301 and the four-way valve 302 are operated, the tenth, ninth, seventh, fourth and first valves 317a, 315a, 314a, 312b and 311a are opened, and the fifteenth, fourteenth, twelfth, eleventh, tenth, eighth, sixth, fifth, 312a and 311b are closed. The outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser that releases heat to the environment, the battery heat exchanger 303 is an evaporator that cools the battery, and the indoor heat exchanger 304 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 do not operate.
Further, a ninth operating mode and a tenth operating mode are included.
Referring to fig. 14, when the operation mode is switched to the ninth operation mode, the battery heating system 100 operates, the battery heat exchanger 303 is an evaporator, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 is a condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger 304 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 do not operate, and at this time, the motor does not operate.
In the ninth operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the first state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the second state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the third state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the first state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the first state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the third state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the first state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the second state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
When the ninth operation mode is switched, the compressor 301 and the four-way valve 302 are operated, the tenth, ninth, seventh, fourth and first valves 317a, 315a, 314a, 312b and 311a are opened, and the fifteenth, fourteenth, twelfth, eleventh, tenth, eighth, sixth, fifth, 312a and 311b are closed. The battery heating system 100 is running, the battery heat exchanger 303 is an evaporator, the outside compartment heat exchanger 305 is a condenser, and the inside compartment heat exchanger 304 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are not running. In this operating mode, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 is defrosted in winter. The motor and controller are not running.
Referring to fig. 15, when the tenth operating mode is switched, the battery heating system 100 operates, the battery heat exchanger 303 is an evaporator, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 are condensers connected in parallel, the indoor heat exchanger 304 does not operate, and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 preheats the motor. The inventor researches and discovers that the running efficiency of the motor can be improved by preheating before the motor starts to run.
In the tenth operating mode, the four-way valve 302 is in the first state, the first switching valve set 311 is in the first state, the second switching valve set 312 is in the second state, the third switching valve set 313 is in the third state, the fourth switching valve set 314 is in the first state, the fifth switching valve set 315 is in the third state, the sixth switching valve set 316 is in the second state, the seventh switching valve set 317 is in the third state, and the eighth switching valve set 318 is in the second state.
Specifically, when the first switching valve group 311 includes a first valve 311a and a second valve 311b, the second switching valve group 312 includes a third valve 312a and a fourth valve 312b, the third switching valve group 313 includes a fifth valve 313a and a sixth valve 313b, the fourth switching valve group 314 includes a seventh valve 314a and an eighth valve 314b, the fifth switching valve group 315 includes a ninth valve 315a and a tenth valve 315b, the sixth switching valve group 316 includes an eleventh valve 316a and a tenth valve 316b, the seventh switching valve group 317 includes a tenth valve 317a and a fourteenth valve 317b, and the eighth switching valve group 318 includes a fifteenth valve.
When the tenth operation mode is switched, the compressor 301 and the four-way valve 302 are operated, the fourteenth valve 317b, the thirteenth valve 317a, the eleventh valve 316a, the tenth valve 315b, the ninth valve 315a, the seventh valve 314a, the fourth valve 312b, and the first valve 311a are opened, and the fifteenth valve, the twelfth valve 316b, the eighth valve 314b, the sixth valve 313b, the fifth valve 313a, the third valve 312a, and the second valve 311b are closed. The battery heating system 100 operates with the battery heat exchanger 303 being an evaporator, the outside air heat exchanger 305 and the motor and controller heat exchanger 306 being condensers arranged in parallel, defrost, and the inside air heat exchanger 304 not operating. Motor and controller: and (4) preheating.
The battery heating system 100 is used for heating the battery, wherein the battery heating system 100 is a battery self-heating system. The battery self-heating system can automatically control the charge pump to perform alternate charging and discharging when the temperature of the battery is low, so that the battery can correspondingly perform the discharging and charging processes, and the battery has internal resistance, so that the battery can generate heat in the charging and discharging processes to achieve the self-heating effect.
The motor and controller water cooling system 200 is used to cool the controller and motor. In some embodiments of the present invention, the water cooling system 200 of the motor and controller includes a water pump 201, a water cooling module 202 and a water cooling pipeline 203, wherein the water pump 201 is communicated with the heat exchanger 306 of the motor and controller and the water cooling module 202 through the water cooling pipeline 203, and the controller regulates the operation of the water cooling system 200 of the motor and controller by controlling the operation state of the water pump 201. The water cooling module 202 is disposed in a motor or controller for cooling.
Battery thermal management: can carry out accurate control (heating and refrigeration) to its temperature according to the operating condition of battery, can adopt battery heating system 100 to rise the battery temperature to the target temperature before the vehicle starts in winter, adopt the direct cooling system to cool down for the battery in summer.
And (3) heat management of the carriage: the heat pump system 300 is adopted for heating the carriage in winter and refrigerating the carriage in summer, the work efficiency is higher compared with that of single PTC heating in winter, particularly, the heat exchanger 305 outside the carriage is easy to frost in winter, and the system can defrost the heat exchanger by utilizing the heat of the battery.
The motor and the controller are thermally managed: the motor and the controller both adopt a water cooling mode, and heat of the motor and the controller in winter can be used as a heating battery in a heat pump system and a heat source of a carriage, so that the operation efficiency of the heat pump system in winter is further improved; the heat generated by the motor and the controller in summer is used as a heat source of an evaporator in the air-conditioning system, so that the heat dissipation efficiency in summer is improved.
When the battery heat exchanger 303 or the indoor heat exchanger 304 needs to perform cooling or heating, the exhaust pipe of the compressor 301 can be replaced by the four-way valve to enter the heat transfer device and the indoor heat exchanger 304, so that the purpose of cooling or heating is achieved. Before the vehicle is started in winter, when the outdoor heat exchanger 305 frosts, the battery self-heating module is started to heat the battery, the heat transfer device serves as an evaporator, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 serves as a condenser, and the mode is a defrosting mode. The motor and controller water cooling module is connected in series with the pipeline of the outdoor heat exchanger 305, when the heat load of the battery or the carriage is small, the outdoor heat exchanger 305 can be closed, and the heating of the inside of the carriage or the battery is realized by only the waste heat. When the external environment temperature is extremely low in winter, the compartment and the battery need to be heated simultaneously, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger outside the compartment is reduced, the refrigerant flows out in a two-phase flow state, and the heat exchanger outside the compartment, the motor and the controller can heat the refrigerant in the two-phase state to an overheat state. In summer or when the carriage and the battery need to refrigerate, the water cooling module of the motor and the controller, the battery heat exchanger 303 and the carriage heat exchanger 304 are used as evaporators so as to achieve the purpose of cooling.
The invention also discloses a new energy automobile which comprises any one of the heat management systems. Because the thermal management system has the beneficial effects, the new energy automobile comprising the thermal management system also has corresponding effects, and the details are not repeated here.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A thermal management system, comprising
A battery heating system for heating the battery;
the motor and controller water cooling system is used for cooling the motor and the controller;
the heat pump system comprises a compressor, a four-way valve, a control valve assembly, a battery heat exchanger for battery heat exchange, a carriage inner heat exchanger for carriage heat exchange, a carriage outer heat exchanger for carriage heat exchange, and a motor and controller heat exchanger for motor and controller water cooling system heat exchange; the battery heat exchanger, the carriage inner heat exchanger, the carriage outer heat exchanger, the motor and controller heat exchanger, the four-way valve, the compressor and the control valve assembly are connected through pipelines; the battery heat exchanger is connected with the carriage inner heat exchanger in parallel and then is connected with the carriage outer heat exchanger and the motor and controller heat exchanger in series between the pipe orifice C of the four-way valve and the pipe orifice E of the four-way valve; two ends of the motor and controller heat exchanger are also provided with a first bypass; the compressor is arranged between a D pipe orifice and an S pipe orifice of the four-way valve, and the pipeline is used for circulating a refrigerant;
the controller controls the battery heating system, the motor and controller water cooling system, the operation of the compressor and the on-off of the control valve assembly, and the switching of multiple working modes is realized by changing the flow direction of the refrigerant in the battery heat exchanger, the carriage inner heat exchanger, the carriage outer heat exchanger and/or the motor and controller heat exchanger.
2. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the control valve assembly comprises a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a third expansion valve, a first switching valve bank, a second switching valve bank, a third switching valve bank, a fourth switching valve bank, a fifth switching valve bank, a sixth switching valve bank, a seventh switching valve bank; wherein,
a first port of the first switching valve group is communicated with a pipe port C of the four-way valve, a second port of the first switching valve group is communicated with a first port of the battery heat exchanger, and a third port of the first switching valve group is communicated with a first port of the heat exchanger in the carriage;
a first port of the second switching valve group is communicated with a second port of the battery heat exchanger, a second port of the second switching valve group is communicated with an outlet of the first expansion valve, and a third port of the second switching valve group is communicated with an inlet of the first expansion valve;
a first port of the third switching valve group is communicated with a second port of the heat exchanger in the carriage, the second port of the third switching valve group is communicated with an outlet of the second expansion valve, and a third port of the third switching valve group is communicated with an inlet of the second expansion valve;
a first port of the fourth switching valve group is communicated with a first port of the fifth switching valve group, a second port of the fourth switching valve group is communicated with an outlet of the third expansion valve, and a third port of the fourth switching valve group is communicated with an inlet of the third expansion valve;
a second port of the fifth switching valve group is communicated with a first port of the heat exchanger outside the carriage, and a third port of the fifth switching valve group is communicated with a second port of the heat exchanger outside the carriage;
a first port of the sixth switching valve group is communicated with a first port of the motor and controller heat exchanger, and a second port of the sixth switching valve group is communicated with a second port of the outdoor heat exchanger;
an inlet of the first expansion valve, an inlet of the second expansion valve and an inlet of the third expansion valve are communicated;
a first port of the seventh switching valve group is communicated with an E pipe port of the four-way valve, a second port of the seventh switching valve group is communicated with a second port of the motor and controller heat exchanger, and a third port of the seventh switching valve group is communicated with a second port of the outdoor heat exchanger through the first bypass;
the controller controls the four-way valve, the first switching valve group, the second switching valve group, the third switching valve group, the fourth switching valve group, the fifth switching valve group, the sixth switching valve group and the seventh switching valve group to operate so as to switch among a plurality of working modes.
3. The thermal management system of claim 2, further comprising a fluid reservoir, a first port of said fluid reservoir being in series with said battery heat exchanger and said cabin interior heat exchanger disposed in parallel, and said second switching valve set being located between said first port of said fluid reservoir and said cabin interior heat exchanger, and said third switching valve set being located between said first port of said fluid reservoir and said battery heat exchanger; the second port of the liquid storage tank is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger in series, and the fourth switching valve group is located between the second port of the liquid storage tank and the outdoor heat exchanger.
4. The thermal management system of claim 3, further comprising a second bypass communicating the first port of the reservoir and the third port of the sixth switching valve block, the sixth switching valve block modulating the switching of the second bypass and the switching between the outdoor heat exchanger and the motor and controller heat exchanger.
5. The thermal management system of claim 4, wherein a fourth expansion valve is further disposed on the second bypass, an inlet of the fourth expansion valve being in communication with an inlet of the second expansion valve, an inlet of the first expansion valve, and the first port of the reservoir tank; and an outlet of the fourth expansion valve is communicated with a third port of the sixth switching valve group.
6. The thermal management system of claim 4, further comprising a third bypass, wherein the third bypass communicates the second port of the motor and controller heat exchanger with the port C of the four-way valve, and an eighth switching valve set is disposed on the third bypass, and the eighth switching valve set adjusts the third bypass.
7. The thermal management system of claim 6, wherein said first switching valve set comprises a first valve and a second valve, a first port of said first valve and a first port of said second valve being a first port of said first switching valve set, a second port of said first valve being a second port of said first switching valve set, a second port of said second valve being a third port of said first switching valve set;
the second switching valve group comprises a third valve and a fourth valve, wherein a first port of the third valve and a first port of the fourth valve are used as a first port of the second switching valve group, a second port of the third valve is used as a second port of the second switching valve group, and a second port of the fourth valve is used as a third port of the second switching valve group;
the third switching valve group comprises a fifth valve and a sixth valve, wherein a first port of the fifth valve and a first port of the sixth valve are used as a first port of the third switching valve group, a second port of the fifth valve is used as a second port of the third switching valve group, and a second port of the sixth valve is used as a third port of the third switching valve group;
the fourth switching valve group comprises a seventh valve and an eighth valve, the first port of the seventh valve and the first port of the eighth valve are used as the first port of the fourth switching valve group, the second port of the seventh valve is used as the second port of the fourth switching valve group, and the second port of the eighth valve is used as the third port of the fourth switching valve group;
the fifth switching valve group comprises a ninth valve and a tenth valve, wherein a first port of the ninth valve and a first port of the tenth valve are used as a first port of the fifth switching valve group, a second port of the ninth valve is used as a second port of the fifth switching valve group, and a second port of the tenth valve is used as a third port of the fifth switching valve group;
the sixth switching valve group comprises an eleventh valve and a tenth valve, wherein the first port of the eleventh valve and the first port of the tenth valve are used as the first port of the sixth switching valve group, the second port of the eleventh valve is used as the second port of the sixth switching valve group, and the second port of the tenth valve is used as the third port of the sixth switching valve group;
the seventh switching valve group comprises a thirteenth valve and a fourteenth valve, wherein the first port of the twelfth valve and the first port of the fourteenth valve are used as the first port of the seventh switching valve group, the second port of the thirteenth valve is used as the second port of the seventh switching valve group, and the second port of the fourteenth valve is used as the third port of the seventh switching valve group;
the eighth switching valve group comprises a fifteenth valve, wherein a first port of the fifteenth valve is used as a first port of the eighth switching valve group, and a second port of the fifteenth valve is used as a second port of the eighth switching valve group.
8. The thermal management system of claim 1, wherein the operating mode comprises: a first working mode, a second working mode, a third working mode, a fourth working mode, a fifth working mode, a sixth working mode, a seventh working mode and an eighth working mode;
when the first working mode is switched, the battery heat exchanger and the carriage heat exchanger are condensers which are arranged in parallel, and the carriage heat exchanger and the motor and controller heat exchanger are evaporators which are arranged in series;
when the second working mode is switched, the battery heat exchanger and the heat exchanger in the carriage are condensers which are arranged in parallel, the motor and controller heat exchanger is an evaporator, and the heat exchanger outside the carriage does not operate;
when the third working mode is switched, the heat exchanger in the carriage is a condenser, the heat exchanger of the motor and the controller is an evaporator, and the battery heat exchanger and the heat exchanger outside the carriage do not operate;
when the working mode is switched to a fourth working mode, the heat exchanger in the carriage is a condenser, the heat exchanger outside the carriage and the motor and controller heat exchanger are evaporators arranged in series, and the battery heat exchanger does not operate;
when the fifth working mode is switched, the heat exchanger outside the carriage is a condenser, and the battery heat exchanger, the heat exchanger inside the carriage and the motor and controller heat exchanger are evaporators arranged in parallel;
when the working mode is switched to a sixth working mode, the heat exchanger outside the carriage is a condenser, the battery heat exchanger and the motor and controller heat exchanger are evaporators arranged in parallel, and the heat exchanger inside the carriage does not operate;
when the working mode is switched to a seventh working mode, the heat exchanger outside the carriage is a condenser, the heat exchanger inside the carriage and the heat exchanger of the motor and the controller are evaporators arranged in parallel, and the battery heat exchanger does not run;
when the eighth working mode is switched, the heat exchanger outside the vehicle cabin is a condenser, the battery heat exchanger is an evaporator, and the heat exchanger inside the vehicle cabin and the motor and controller heat exchanger do not operate.
9. The thermal management system of claim 8, wherein said operational mode further comprises: a ninth operating mode and a tenth operating mode;
when the ninth working mode is switched, the battery heating system operates, the battery heat exchanger is an evaporator, the heat exchanger outside the compartment is a condenser, and the heat exchanger inside the compartment and the motor and controller heat exchanger do not operate;
when the tenth working mode is switched, the battery heating system operates, the battery heat exchanger is an evaporator, the heat exchanger outside the compartment and the motor and controller heat exchanger are condensers which are arranged in parallel, and the heat exchanger inside the compartment does not operate.
10. A new energy automobile, characterized by comprising the thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202111553437.4A 2021-12-17 2021-12-17 New energy automobile and thermal management system Pending CN113997830A (en)

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CN113183715A (en) * 2021-05-27 2021-07-30 深圳昂湃技术有限公司 Electric automobile integrated thermal management system and implementation method
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