CN113996547B - Flexible sorting method based on personalized demands of consumers - Google Patents
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- CN113996547B CN113996547B CN202010739302.6A CN202010739302A CN113996547B CN 113996547 B CN113996547 B CN 113996547B CN 202010739302 A CN202010739302 A CN 202010739302A CN 113996547 B CN113996547 B CN 113996547B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible sorting method based on individual demands of consumers, which is a sorting order splitting system based on introduction of special-shaped tobacco standard optimization in different periods. When the working day is a major holiday such as spring festival, a standard optimization method based on a standard item similarity coefficient is introduced, the standard number of special-shaped cigarettes is reduced from 206 to 103 after the standard optimization method is introduced, simulation of sorting efficiency before and after special-shaped cigarette standard optimization is carried out, and sorting efficiency of special-shaped cigarettes is improved by 33.7%; when the sorting efficiency requirement of the special-shaped cigarettes is less than 1 ten thousand strips/h, adopting fine label integrated sorting; when the sorting efficiency requirement of the special-shaped cigarettes reaches 1 ten thousand strips/h, an elastic special-shaped cigarette sorting mechanism is started, an F sorting line is constructed by sorting personnel in a busy season, the flexibility index is 3600 strips/h-12000 strips/h, the distribution response time T+1 is ensured, two enterprise standards are formed, and the combined special-shaped sorting system is higher than the industry standards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a logistics method, in particular to a cargo allocation method which is regulated according to market behavior habits.
Background
The sales ratio of special-shaped cigarettes in the adult market in 2018 exceeds 15% according to big data analysis, and the sales ratio is increased by 4.5% compared with that in 2017, even though the sales in 2017 is not considered and the sales are increased as a whole, the sales in 2017 are used for calculation, and the sorting amount of special-shaped cigarettes per day in the period of 'Yuan Chun' in 2018 reaches 115498. Sorting efficiency according to the capital logistics special-shaped cigarette sorting equipment 6246 strips/hour is expected to need to be sorted for 18.49 hours each day, however, after the time of processing orders, taking check-in, taking a meal, resting and the like is removed, the time of sorting the capital logistics is only 18.5 hours at most each day. Calculating according to the abnormal cigarette sales volume ratio predicted by the marketing center, the abnormal cigarette sorting efficiency of 6246 cigarettes/hour can cause delay in cigarette delivery, the delivery time can be increased from 'T+1' to 'T+3', the overall efficiency of a supply chain can be drastically reduced, and repeated line delivery caused by delay in delivery is wasteful of manpower arrangement and vehicle use.
After being produced from a cigarette production plant, tobacco is distributed to markets and then to consumers, and the middle of the tobacco is subjected to a logistics sorting process. The sorting process specifically comprises the following steps: and distributing cigarettes (strip-packaged tobacco) in the warehouse according to the required order quantity of each point of sale, packaging the current order quantity of the cigarettes and the products in each point of sale by using a plastic film, and then delivering the packaged cigarettes to the point of sale by a delivery person.
The cigarettes produced by each manufacturer are identical in external dimension and regular in shape, so that mechanical production is realized in the cigarettes in the warehouse, the cigarettes are disassembled from the packaging boxes, then stacked in the vertical type distributor, a plurality of cigarette bins are arranged in the vertical type distributor, the vertical type distributor starts the corresponding cigarette bins according to the number and types of the current cigarettes in each point of sale, the cigarettes in the cigarette bins are selected and fall onto a conveyor belt, a plurality of cigarettes with different types and numbers belonging to the same point of sale are selected from the cigarette bins at one time and fall onto the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt conveys the group of cigarettes to a packaging point for packaging, and the packaged cigarettes are uniformly distributed to the point of sale.
But this packaging process is not suitable for shaped cigarette packages. The special cigarettes are cigarettes with special package specifications, when the length of each cigarette is 84mm, each small packet of cigarettes is 20 cigarettes, and cigarettes with hard boxes or soft boxes as outer packages belong to normal packaged cigarettes, and if the cigarettes are different from the cigarettes, the cigarettes belong to special package cigarettes. The special-shaped cigarettes are provided with small tobacco shred loading quantity, better tobacco tar filtering effect, novel and small package, individual difference, and are accepted by more smokers, and more smokers select special-shaped cigarettes. Because the packing box forms of the special-shaped cigarettes are not uniform, the appearance size difference of the special-shaped cigarettes is very large, the special-shaped cigarettes of some brands are flat, and the special-shaped cigarettes of some brands are square. Because the shapes of the cigarettes are different, the existing logistics sorting line cannot be well compatible with sorting of special-shaped cigarettes. When market demand for special-shaped cigarettes is large, even if the maximum sorting capability of the sorting pipeline is adopted, the sorting inefficiency of the special-shaped cigarettes still slows down the sorting capability of the whole sorting pipeline.
At ordinary times, because the required quantity of cigarettes is moderate, equipment configuration and personnel configuration of logistics sorting meet basic sorting capability, the influence of the quantity of special-shaped cigarettes on the whole sorting line is not obvious, however, by the logistics peak time, a large quantity of cigarettes need to be sorted, the sorting of special-shaped cigarettes has a great influence on the whole sorting line, the sorting line cannot completely sort quantity tasks, and market backorder is possibly caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a flexible sorting mode based on the personalized demands of consumers, and the special-shaped cigarettes which are put on the market and influence sorting efficiency are flexibly put on the market according to the sorting capacity in the peak period so as not to influence the overall sorting quantity task.
The flexible sorting method based on the individual demands of consumers comprises the following steps,
(1) Setting standard cigarette packaging specifications according to packaging sizes, comparing the standard cigarette packaging specifications with the standard cigarette packaging specifications, and dividing cigarettes which are not included in the standard cigarettes into normal dispensing cigarettes, wherein the length of each cigarette is more than 6.38% of the length of each standard cigarette packaging specification, the width of each cigarette is more than 17.51% of the width of each standard cigarette packaging specification, and the height of each cigarette is less than 46.24% of each standard cigarette packaging specification;
and a control dispensing cigarette that is not included in the normal dispensing cigarette;
(2) Normally putting the normally-distributed cigarettes into the market;
(3) The control cigarette is put into the market in the following way: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating and controlling sorting quantity of the cigarettes distributed in the peak period, wherein the sorting quantity is calculated and controlled by adopting the following formula:
b=m-a 100%, where M is the maximum sorting capacity of the sorting line, and a is the maximum sorting capacity of the sorting line for normal cigarettes; b is the sorting amount for controlling distribution of the cigarettes in the peak period;
s2, controlling the distribution cigarettes to be disassembled and distributed to each subdivision time belonging to annual non-peak intervals according to annual demand, and adopting a calculation mode DX=N/D, and: d=365-D2,
in the above formula, D is each subdivision time; DX is for each subdivision time; controlling the distribution amount obtained by the cigarette; d2 is the peak time period and N controls the annual demand of the delivery cigarettes.
The flexible sorting pattern based on the individual consumer demands as described above is further described as 270-292mm long, 88-104mm wide, 25-45mm high, of normal cigarette pack specifications.
The flexible sorting mode based on the individual demands of consumers as described above is further explained by the fact that the normal cigarettes are adapted to the sorting line to finish at least 15000 sorting operations per hour, and the cigarettes are controlled to be adapted to the sorting line to finish at most 3500 sorting operations per hour.
The flexible sorting method based on the individual demands of the consumers as described above further comprises the following steps: according to the accumulated data in the earlier stage, the annual demand information of the control delivery cigarettes is known in advance, and the acquisition method is as follows: adding the total data quantity for controlling the delivery cigarettes in the last year to the increment number;
the number of the growth is as follows: cumulative ring ratio increases the rate of elongation for controlling the total amount of data for the last year of a cigarette.
The flexible sorting mode based on the individual demands of the consumers is further described as the duration of the peak time period, which is accumulated by historical experience data; the method comprises the following steps: the specific term of the spring festival is added 30 days before the holiday of the spring festival in the lunar calendar of China.
The flexible sorting pattern based on the individual demands of consumers as described above is further explained by the fact that the maximum sorting capacity of normal cigarettes is a historical experience data accumulation.
The beneficial effects are that:
based on historical big data analysis, the special-shaped cigarettes which are put on the market and influence the sorting efficiency are flexibly put on the market according to the sorting capacity in the peak period, so that the overall sorting quantity task of the sorting line is ensured to be successfully completed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the sorting method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a table comparing sorting efficiency according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment, the cigarettes are firstly classified into normal cigarettes of class A, namely conventional cigarettes, and abnormal cigarettes are abnormal cigarettes of class B.
Example one:
the similarity coefficient between two items is represented by the sum of the number of simultaneous occurrences of the two items in the same order, according to the concept of the similarity coefficient of the items, as shown in the formula. The larger the similarity coefficient of two items, the more should be assigned to two different sorting areas, and vice versa, the same sorting area. In the research, the standard is optimized only for special-shaped cigarette brands, so that special-shaped cigarette standards with low similarity coefficient with standard cigarette brand items are selected for optimization. According to the similarity coefficient of the standard, the sales of cigarettes in the order and the relation between the cigarettes are comprehensively considered as important factors, so that the standard optimization of the defective product is scientific and accurate. When clustering is carried out, firstly, the special-shaped tobacco standard with the highest coefficient with the standard tobacco standard item is selected, and secondly, special-shaped cigarettes with high coefficient similar to the special-shaped tobacco standard item just selected are selected. The clustered part table (using cloud smoke as an example) is shown in the following table:
cloud cigarette and special-shaped tobacco item similarity coefficient table (part)
| Gauge A | Gauge B | Item similarity coefficient |
| Cloud tobacco (Soft treasure) | Diamond (ramuscule lotus) | 11675 |
| China (full open type) | 4968 | |
| 。。。 | 。。。 | 。。。 |
| Harbin (Long Yanjin A) | 2977 | |
| Diamond (fashion) |
And screening out the abnormal tobacco standard in standard B with low standard similarity according to the clustered standard tobacco and abnormal tobacco standard similarity coefficient table, and performing subsequent standard optimization.
The flexible lifting simulation verification of the abnormal-shaped cigarette sorting system based on Flexsim is used for comparing sorting efficiency before and after abnormal-shaped cigarette standard optimization by applying Flexsim software in the project, the abnormal-shaped cigarette sorting system before standard optimization only adopts flexible sorting strategies of 'fine mark' collineation and 'miniature' sorting lines, 20 types of cigarette orders are set, 206 types of abnormal-shaped cigarette standard are set before non-optimization, and model running time is set to 1 hour. A table as in fig. 2 is obtained. The first 103 special cigarettes are standard cigarettes with similar coefficients and high requirements as standard cigarettes, and the last 103 special cigarettes are standard cigarettes which are specially fetched from a buffer area by workers and manually placed on a sorting conveyor belt. In order to verify the influence of the degree of concentration of the cigarette product rules on the sorting flexibility, a series of research simulation works are carried out under ideal conditions, namely under the condition that the number of cigarettes of each order is similar.
The optimized standard in the project adopts 103 types of special-shaped tobacco standards after reduction, and because the special-shaped tobacco orders are extremely small in quantity but the standard is huge in quantity, workers have to frequently come and go to a cache area to take cigarettes and a sorting line to monitor two areas during a sorting peak period, so that the sorting efficiency is low, and therefore, the standard optimization influences simulation analysis in the project.
It can be seen from this:
in the same sorting working time, the sorting efficiency of orders is up to 278 single/hour due to the fact that 103 product specifications are stopped, the sorting efficiency is improved by about 33.7%, and the number of special cigarettes is about 366 boxes per day. The simulation result clearly verifies that the cigarette standard optimization can effectively improve the sorting efficiency in the sorting peak period. According to the daily sorting amount data of special-shaped cigarettes around the spring festival of 2020 that the honest and honest marketing center provided, after carrying out the article rule optimization work to special-shaped cigarette sorting system, whole special-shaped cigarette sorting system will sort about 400 casees more every day, and simulation result is similar with actual sorting condition to sorting efficiency has all been improved greatly. Therefore, the conclusion that the sorting efficiency and the flexibility of the sorting system can be effectively improved by optimizing the special-shaped tobacco gauge can be obtained.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1: cigarettes with the outer package specification of clustered abnormal-shaped cigarettes of the combined abnormal-shaped sorting system being about length (280-292 mm) x width (89-104 mm) x height (25-29 mm) are defined as standard slim cigarettes, sorting line equipment is redesigned and manufactured according to the standard slim cigarettes, and a miniature sorting line is opened only when the daily abnormal-shaped cigarette sorting amount is more than 10000, so that energy consumption waste is avoided; sorting personnel are all adjusted from other sorting lines, F line team members can return to the original sorting line post to work when the miniature sorting line is not started, personnel waste is avoided, an elastic special-shaped cigarette sorting mechanism is formed under a combined special-shaped sorting model, the flexibility of a special-shaped cigarette sorting system is improved, sorting quantity is 3600-12000 strips/hour, and distribution response time T+1 mode is ensured. The special-shaped cigarette sorting order splitting system is used for order splitting work, so that the special-shaped cigarette sorting task can be basically met by the 'fine mark' collinear sorting work; however, in order to cope with the abnormal shape cigarette sorting requirement of more than 1 ten thousand bars/h, sorting staff can build and start a miniature sorting line.
After the implementation of the embodiment, the time for delivering the single delivery group is saved by approximately 48 hours, if the flexible sorting mode is not successfully constructed, the time for sorting the special cigarettes for 12 days is more than 20 hours, and the time for delivering the cigarettes for approximately 1800 boxes is accumulated for the second time. Aggregate sorting efficiency 6236 pieces/hour+f line sorting efficiency 3461 pieces/hour=abnormal shape cigarette sorting total efficiency 9698 pieces/hour, production efficiency is further improved, sorting time is calculated according to 18 hours under the limit condition according to 9 hours of daily work, and abnormal shape cigarette sorting efficiency is improved to 12000 pieces/hour.
Example three:
referring to fig. 1: setting standard cigarette packaging specifications according to packaging sizes, comparing the standard cigarette packaging specifications with the standard cigarette packaging specifications, and dividing cigarettes which are not included in the standard cigarettes into normal dispensing cigarettes, wherein the length of each cigarette is more than 6.38% of the length of each standard cigarette packaging specification, the width of each cigarette is more than 17.51% of the width of each standard cigarette packaging specification, and the height of each cigarette is less than 46.24% of each standard cigarette packaging specification; the normal cigarette package specification is 270-292mm long, 88-104mm wide and 25-45mm high.
According to the existing sorting capability, normally distributing cigarettes on a production line to achieve the sorting capability of at least 15000 cigarettes per hour, while normally distributing cigarettes (special-shaped cigarettes) can only achieve the sorting capability of less than 3000 cigarettes per hour. Typically 2500-3000 strips. The maximum sorting capacity of a normal cigarette for shipment is the historical empirical data accumulation.
In this embodiment, the normal cigarettes are normally put on the market, that is, sorting, distributing and sorting are performed according to the market capacity or the demand of the normal cigarettes.
Flexibly supplying the controlled dispensing cigarettes to the market, and dispensing the dispensing quantity in the following way:
1. calculating and controlling the sorting amount of the cigarettes distributed in the peak period, and adopting the following formula:
b=m-a 100%, where M is the maximum sorting capacity of the sorting line, and a is the maximum sorting capacity of the sorting line for normal cigarettes; and B is the sorting amount for controlling distribution of the cigarettes in the peak period.
For example, the maximum sorting capacity of the pipeline (conventional pipeline+special-shaped cigarette compatible pipeline) is 50000 cigarettes per hour, wherein the demand of the normal cigarettes is 45000 cigarettes, and sorting tasks for controlling sorting amount of the cigarettes distributed in peak period are as follows: 50000-45000=5000 strips.
The total daily sortable abnormal cigarettes were calculated to be 5000 x 24 = 1.2 ten thousand. Therefore, during peak periods, the abnormal smoke can be subjected to sorting tasks of 1.2 ten thousand per day at most.
However, in order not to affect the annual sorting tasks of profiled cigarettes, it is necessary to distribute the less sorted cigarettes to other periods, off-peak periods. The manner of distribution is as follows:
the control distribution cigarettes are disassembled and distributed to each subdivision time belonging to annual non-peak according to annual demand, and a calculation mode DX=N/D is adopted, and the following steps are adopted: d=365-D 2
In the above formula, D is each subdivision time; DX is for each subdivision time; controlling the distribution amount obtained by the cigarette; d (D) 2 For peak hours, N controls the annual demand of the delivery cigarettes.
For example, the total annual control of the demand N of the cigarettes is 300 ten thousand, the holiday of the spring festival in the current year is 10 days, according to the prior artHistorical empirical data, entering the market for a predetermined peak period 30 days before spring festival, thus peak period D 2 Overall 30+10=40 days. Thus, the off-peak period is 365 (whole year) -40=325 days.
The sorting amount of the control distribution cigarettes sorted every day is as follows: 300 ten thousand/325 = 9230 bars.
Thus, the profile cigarettes required throughout the year are generally distributed approximately evenly to off-peak hours, while at peak times profile cigarettes are sorted as much as possible only if the maximum sorting capacity of normal smoking is met.
In the above example, the annual control of the demand for cigarettes is 300 ten thousand, and the method is as follows: the total amount of data to control the delivery of cigarettes over the last year is added to the number of increases. For example, in 2019, the demand for delivery cigarettes was controlled to 240 ten thousand. The increment is 1.25, so that the demand N of controlling the cigarette dispensing in the year is 300 ten thousand.
The number of the growth is as follows: cumulative ring ratio increases the rate of elongation for controlling the total amount of data for the last year of a cigarette.
According to the invention, the standard cigarettes of the class A and the class C abnormal cigarettes are considered, the abnormal cigarettes cause lower sorting automation degree, and the sorting efficiency of the whole logistics center reaches 70% of the whole configuration (planning) capacity when the sorting system of the whole logistics center is designed, but the sorting efficiency of the whole assembly line is reduced to below 60% due to the addition of the class C abnormal cigarettes, so that the sorting efficiency can not reach the requirement.
Therefore, the standard cigarettes of class A are sorted according to the highest, the cigarettes can meet the requirements of consumers best, abnormal cigarettes are reduced, and sorting efficiency is achieved.
In the two embodiments of the invention, when the working day is a major holiday such as spring festival, a standard optimization method is introduced, and the sorting efficiency is improved. The miniature sorting line is only started when the sorting amount of the special-shaped cigarettes per day is more than 10000, so that energy consumption waste is avoided; sorting personnel can draw from other sorting lines, and F line team members can return to the original sorting line post work when the miniature sorting line is not started, so that personnel waste can be avoided.
The foregoing is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The flexible sorting method based on the individual demands of consumers is characterized in that the distribution process is controlled by a computer through calculation of a sorting system, and comprises the following steps of,
(1) Setting standard cigarette packaging specifications according to packaging sizes, comparing the standard cigarette packaging specifications with the standard cigarette packaging specifications, and dividing cigarettes which are not included in the standard cigarettes into normal dispensing cigarettes, wherein the length of each cigarette is more than 6.38% of the length of each standard cigarette packaging specification, the width of each cigarette is more than 17.51% of the width of each standard cigarette packaging specification, and the height of each cigarette is less than 46.24% of each standard cigarette packaging specification;
and a control dispensing cigarette that is not included in the normal dispensing cigarette;
(2) Normally putting the normally-distributed cigarettes into the market;
(3) The control cigarette is put into the market in the following way: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating and controlling sorting quantity of the cigarettes distributed in the peak period, wherein the sorting quantity is calculated and controlled by adopting the following formula:
b=m-a 100%, where M is the maximum sorting capacity of the sorting line, and a is the maximum sorting capacity of the sorting line for normal cigarettes; b is the sorting amount for controlling distribution of the cigarettes in the peak period;
s2, controlling the distribution cigarettes to be disassembled and distributed to each subdivision time belonging to annual non-peak intervals according to annual demand, and adopting a calculation mode DX=N/D, and: d=365-D2,
in the above formula, D is each subdivision time; DX is for each subdivision time; controlling the distribution amount obtained by the cigarette; d2 is the peak time period and N controls the annual demand of the delivery cigarettes.
2. The flexible sorting method based on consumer individualization requirements according to claim 1, wherein the standard cigarette package size is 270-292mm long, 88-104mm wide, and 25-45mm high.
3. The flexible sorting method based on customer personalized demand according to claim 1, wherein the normal cigarettes are adapted to a sorting amount of at least 15000 pieces per hour on the sorting line, and the cigarettes are controlled to a sorting amount of at most 3500 pieces per hour on the sorting line.
4. The flexible sorting method based on customer personalized demand according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: according to the accumulated data in the earlier stage, the annual demand information of the control delivery cigarettes is known in advance, and the acquisition method is as follows: adding the total data quantity for controlling the delivery cigarettes in the last year to the increment number;
the number of the growth is as follows: cumulative ring ratio increases the rate of elongation for controlling the total amount of data for the last year of a cigarette.
5. The flexible sorting method based on customer personalized demand according to claim 1, wherein the peak period is accumulated from historical experience data; the method comprises the following steps: the specific term of the spring festival is added 30 days before the holiday of the spring festival in the lunar calendar of China.
6. The flexible sorting method based on individual consumer demands of claim 1, wherein the maximum sorting capacity of normal cigarette matches is a historical experience data accumulation.
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