CN113988478A - Distributed economic optimization method for direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on equal micro-increment rate - Google Patents

Distributed economic optimization method for direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on equal micro-increment rate Download PDF

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CN113988478A
CN113988478A CN202111469850.2A CN202111469850A CN113988478A CN 113988478 A CN113988478 A CN 113988478A CN 202111469850 A CN202111469850 A CN 202111469850A CN 113988478 A CN113988478 A CN 113988478A
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郝文波
徐明宇
王盼宝
颜庆宇
胡本然
崔佳鹏
李元开
曹融
赵雷雷
陈晓光
徐殿国
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Industrial Technology Research Institute Of Heilongjiang Province
State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Co Ltd Electric Power Research Institute
Harbin Institute of Technology
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Co Ltd Electric Power Research Institute
Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

A distributed economic optimization method of a direct-current micro-grid interconnected system based on equal micro-increment rate relates to the field of economic optimization of power generation of an interconnected micro-grid system. The problem of how to realize carrying out distributed economic optimal control to interconnected direct current little grid system now, make its total power generation cost minimum economy optimum is solved. The optimization method comprises the following steps: firstly, equalizing the micro-increment rates of all distributed power generation units in each direct-current microgrid; then according to the collected actual value v of the DC bus voltagedc1And vdc2Adjusting power transmission between two DC micro-grids so that lambdadc1＝λdc2(ii) a At the same time, the actual micro-increment rates of two direct current micro-grids are also utilizedλdc1、λdc2And actual micro-augmentation lambda of the common energy storage systembControlling the charging and discharging of the public energy storage system to make lambdadc1＝λdc2＝λbTherefore, economic optimization of the interconnected micro-grid system is completed. The method is mainly used for realizing the economic optimization of the micro-grid interconnection system.

Description

Distributed economic optimization method for direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on equal micro-increment rate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of economic optimization of power generation of an interconnected micro-grid system.
Background
The power regulation capability of a single microgrid is limited, and if the microgrids adjacent to a plurality of geographic positions are interconnected to form a microgrid group, the microgrids can mutually supplement energy, the operation is more stable, and the energy flow in the group can be further optimized, so that the purpose of further optimizing the operation is achieved.
After a plurality of micro-grids are interconnected, the size of the micro-grids becomes larger and larger, and the solution of the economic optimization problem is crucial to the interconnected micro-grid system, because the optimal operation point of the interconnected system is defined so as to reduce the total power generation cost of the system and simultaneously satisfy the constraint conditions of equality (power demand balance) and inequality (output limit). At present, a plurality of centralized optimization technologies are adopted to solve the economic operation problem of the microgrid group.
However, the centralized optimal scheduling technology has the problems of single-point failure hazard and communication delay, and the construction cost of the communication network is sharply increased along with the increase of the scale of the microgrid, so that plug and play of the distributed power generation units cannot be realized, and thus, the centralized control is not suitable for a large-scale microgrid cluster system.
In consideration of the characteristics of the micro-grid interconnection system, in order to improve the stability of the interconnection system, the distributed control strategy has more research significance. There is a research to provide a distributed economic optimization scheduling strategy for an ac/dc hybrid microgrid, where the control strategy uses droop control to adjust incremental costs of distributed power generation units in the hybrid microgrid to be equal, the ac microgrid uses frequency-incremental cost droop control, and the dc microgrid uses voltage-incremental cost droop control, and the control strategy does not depend on communication but does not satisfy the plug-and-play requirement, but the distributed economic optimization control strategy for the interconnected dc microgrid system is not analyzed in the prior art, so as to achieve the minimum economic optimum of the total power generation cost, and therefore, the above problems need to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that how to realize distributed economic optimization control on an interconnected direct-current micro-grid system to minimize the total power generation cost and achieve the economic optimum at present, and provides a distributed economic optimization method of the interconnected direct-current micro-grid system based on equal micro-increment rate.
The distributed economic optimization method of the direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on the equal micro-increment rate comprises the following steps of:
s1, equalizing the micro-increment rates of all distributed power generation units in each direct current microgrid;
s2, collecting the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the first DC microgriddc1And is the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the second DC microgriddc2Obtaining the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2；
S3 actual micro-increment rate lambda of first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2Obtaining a reference value P of the transmission power of the direct current micro-gridtThe direct current micro-grid interconnection converter transmits a reference value P according to the direct current micro-grid transmission powertAdjusting power transmission between two DC micro-grids in a power voltage double closed-loop control manner to enable lambdadc1＝λdc2；
At the same time, the actual micro-increment rate lambda of two direct-current micro-grids is also utilizeddc1、λdc2And actual micro-augmentation lambda of the common energy storage systembObtaining a reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the public energy storage systembThe direct current micro-grid interconnection converter is based on the reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the common energy storage systembControlling the charge and discharge of the public energy storage system by adopting a power current double closed loop control mode to ensure that the lambda isdc1＝λdc2＝λbTherefore, economic optimization of the interconnected micro-grid system is completed.
Preferably, in S1, the method for equalizing the incremental rates of all the distributed power generation units in each dc microgrid is as follows:
according to the actual output power P of each distributed power generation unit in the DC micro-gridiAnd calculating to obtain the actual micro-increment rate lambda of each distributed power generation unitk(Pi) The actual micro-increment rate lambdak(Pi) Micro-increment rate reference value of DC micro-grid
Figure BDA0003391246690000021
Comparing the result with the droop coefficient omegakMultiplying the result by the voltage of the sub-microgrid bus
Figure BDA0003391246690000022
Summing, the result of the summation is used as the given value of the output voltage of each distributed generation unit in the sub-microgrid
Figure BDA0003391246690000023
Sending the voltage and current to a voltage and current double closed-loop controller, wherein the voltage and current double closed-loop controller sets the value according to the received output voltage of each distributed power generation unit
Figure BDA0003391246690000024
Adjusting the output of each distributed generation unit in the direct current microgrid, so that the micro-increment rates of all the distributed generation units in the direct current microgrid are equal;
wherein, PiThe actual output power of the ith distributed generation unit;
λk(Pi) The actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000025
setting a given value of the output voltage of the ith distributed generation unit;
Figure BDA0003391246690000031
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the kth direct current micro-grid;
ωkthe droop coefficient is corresponding to the kth direct current micro-grid;
i and k are both integers.
Preferably, in S2According to the collected actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the first DC microgriddc1And is the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the second DC microgriddc2Obtaining the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2The implementation mode of the method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003391246690000032
wherein,
Figure BDA0003391246690000033
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the first direct current micro-grid;
Figure BDA0003391246690000034
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the second direct current micro-grid;
ω1the droop coefficient is corresponding to the first direct current micro-grid;
ω2the droop coefficient is corresponding to the second direct current micro-grid;
Figure BDA0003391246690000035
the reference value is a direct current bus voltage reference value of a first direct current micro-grid;
Figure BDA0003391246690000036
and the reference value is the direct current bus voltage reference value of the second direct current micro-grid.
Preferably, in S3, the actual micro-increment λ of the first dc micro-grid is useddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2Obtaining a reference value P of the transmission power of the direct current micro-gridtThe implementation mode is as follows:
will be lambdadc1And λdc2The difference result of (a) is fed to a PI regulator which, depending on the received difference, supplies a PI regulatorThe value result generates a reference value P of the transmission power of the corresponding direct current microgridt*。
Preferably, in S3, the actual micro-increment rate λ of the two dc micro-grids is useddc1、λdc2And actual micro-augmentation lambda of the common energy storage systembObtaining a reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the public energy storage systembThe implementation mode is as follows:
according to the actual micro-increment rate lambda of two direct current micro-gridsdc1And λdc2Obtaining the average value of the micro-increment rate of the direct current micro-grid
Figure BDA0003391246690000037
Then the average value lambda of the micro-increment rate of the direct current micro-grid is calculatedaveActual micro-augmentation rate lambda with a common energy storage systembMaking difference, sending the obtained difference result to another PI regulator, and generating corresponding reference value P of charge and discharge power of the common energy storage system by the PI regulator according to the received difference resultb*。
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
Figure BDA0003391246690000041
wherein k isPIs the proportionality coefficient, k, of a PI regulatorIAnd s is a Laplace operator, which is an integral coefficient of the PI regulator.
Preferably, in S3, the actual micro-augmentation rate λ of the common energy storage systembThe acquisition mode is as follows:
collecting charge-discharge power P of common energy storage systembAnd state of charge SoC according to charging and discharging power PbObtaining actual micro-increment rate lambda of common energy storage system by SOC (state of charge)b。
Preferably, the power P is determined according to the charge and dischargebObtaining actual micro-increment rate lambda of common energy storage system by SOC (state of charge)bThe implementation mode of the method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003391246690000042
wherein,
Figure BDA0003391246690000043
for the maximum charge and discharge power, both alpha and beta are power generation cost coefficients, and alpha is not equal to beta.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
Figure BDA0003391246690000044
wherein,
Figure BDA0003391246690000045
the maximum allowable voltage of a direct current bus of the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000046
the minimum allowable voltage of a direct current bus of the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000047
the maximum value of the micro-increment rate of the distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000048
the minimum value of the micro-increment rate of the distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
λk(Pi max) The maximum value of the actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct-current micro-grid is obtained;
λk(Pi min) The minimum value of the actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
Figure BDA0003391246690000051
the expression of (a) is:
Figure BDA0003391246690000052
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a distributed economic optimization method of a direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on equal micro-increment rate, which is a micro-grid group distributed nonlinear dynamic droop gain control strategy based on equal micro-increment rate criterion, and is used for automatically adjusting the output of each distributed power generation unit in a micro-grid group containing public energy storage, so that the micro-increment rates of each distributed power generation unit in the same sub-micro-grid and two micro-grids and the public energy storage are equal, and economic optimization operation is realized.
The purpose of economic optimization operation is to minimize the total power generation cost of the interconnected direct current microgrid system, and the total power generation cost comprises the power generation cost of each distributed power generation unit (DG) and the power generation cost of common energy storage. The principle of equal micro-increment rate is specifically expressed as follows: when the DG and the micro-increment rate of the public stored energy in the direct-current micro-grid interconnection system are equal or reach the upper and lower output limits, the whole system realizes the economic optimal operation.
In the invention, the transmission capacity of the interconnection converter is considered to be enough, and the total power generation cost of the interconnection system of the direct current micro-grid is minimized by adopting the method according to the principle of equal micro-increment rate.
According to the invention, the economical efficiency of the operation of the interconnected system is taken as a main factor of load distribution among DGs, and according to the equal micro-increment rate criterion, when the DC micro-grid interconnected system realizes the economical and optimal operation, the micro-increment rates of all distributed generation units (DGs) and the public energy storage are equal unless the upper and lower output limits are reached. The invention adopts a nonlinear dynamic droop gain method to realize the economic optimal operation of the interconnected system. In the specific optimization process, only the voltages of two direct-current micro-grid buses are collected, communication is not relied on, and the control is simple and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distributed economic optimization method of an interconnection system of a DC micro-grid based on an equal micro-increment rate according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating economically optimized operation of an interconnected system when the common energy storage is not accessed; fig. 2(a) shows the micro-increment rate of each distributed generation unit (DG) in the interconnected system when the common energy storage is not accessed; fig. 2(b) is a graph of output and inter-network transmission power of each distributed generation unit (DG) in the interconnected system when the common energy storage is not accessed; 2(c) is a waveform diagram of the total power generation cost of the interconnected system when the public energy storage is not accessed, and 2(d) is a waveform diagram of two direct current microgrid bus voltages in the interconnected system when the public energy storage is not accessed;
FIG. 3 is a DG2 upper limit simulation waveform when force is applied; wherein, fig. 3(a) is a simulation waveform of the micro-increment rate of each DG when the DG2 reaches the output; FIG. 3(b) is a waveform diagram of DG output and transmission power between networks;
FIG. 4 is a simulation waveform of a DC microgrid interconnection system when the common energy storage operates in a charging mode; wherein, fig. 4(a) is a micro-increment rate of each distributed generation unit (DG) in the interconnected system; FIG. 4(b) is a graph of the output and inter-grid transmission power of each distributed generation unit (DG) in the interconnected system; 4(c) is a waveform diagram of the total power generation cost of the interconnected system, and fig. 4(d) is a waveform diagram of two direct current microgrid bus voltages in the interconnected system;
FIG. 5 is a simulation waveform of the DC micro-grid interconnection system when the common energy storage works in a discharging mode; wherein, fig. 5(a) is a micro-increment rate of each distributed generation unit (DG) in the interconnected system; fig. 5(b) is a graph of output and inter-grid transmission power of each distributed generation unit (DG) in the interconnected system; 5(c) is a waveform diagram of the total power generation cost of the interconnected system; FIG. 5(d) is a graph of two DC microgrid bus voltage waveforms in an interconnected system;
in the drawing, λ1To lambda1Micro-increment rate, P, of 4 DGs in two micro-grids1To P4The output of 4 DGs in the two micro-grids is PtFor transferring power, P, between two micro-gridsbFor transferring power, V, between a microgrid and an energy storage system1And V2Is the bus voltage of the two micro-grids.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is described, wherein the dc microgrid interconnection system based on an equal micro-increment rate is a system formed by interconnecting two dc microgrids and a public energy storage system through a dc microgrid interconnection converter, and the optimization method includes the following steps:
s1, equalizing the micro-increment rates of all distributed power generation units in each direct current microgrid;
s2, collecting the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the first DC microgriddc1And is the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the second DC microgriddc2Obtaining the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2；
S3 actual micro-increment rate lambda of first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2Obtaining a reference value P of the transmission power of the direct current micro-gridtThe direct current micro-grid interconnection converter transmits a reference value P according to the direct current micro-grid transmission powertAdjusting power transmission between two DC micro-grids in a power voltage double closed-loop control manner to enable lambdadc1＝λdc2；
At the same time, the actual micro-increment rate lambda of two direct-current micro-grids is also utilizeddc1、λdc2And actual micro-augmentation lambda of the common energy storage systembObtaining a reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the public energy storage systembThe direct current micro-grid interconnection converter is based on the reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the common energy storage systembControlling charge and discharge of a public energy storage system by adopting a power current double closed loop control modeSo that λdc1＝λdc2＝λbTherefore, economic optimization of the interconnected micro-grid system is completed.
The distributed economic optimization method for the direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on equal micro-increment rate can achieve the minimum total power generation cost in the direct-current micro-grid, and is specifically characterized in that the micro-increment rates of all distributed power generation units in each direct-current micro-grid are equal, the micro-increment rates of two direct-current micro-grids and a public energy storage three are required to be equal to achieve the minimum total power generation cost of the whole direct-current micro-grid interconnection system, a direct-current micro-grid interconnection converter can control power exchange among the two direct-current micro-grids and the public energy storage three, the micro-increment rates among the two direct-current micro-grids and the public energy storage three can be balanced by changing the output of each distributed power generation unit (DG) and the public energy storage, the minimum total power generation cost in the direct-current micro-grid is achieved, and the economic optimization of the micro-grid system is achieved. In the specific optimization process, only the voltages of two direct-current micro-grid buses are collected, communication is not relied on, and the control is simple and reliable.
Further, in S1, the method for equalizing the incremental rates of all the distributed power generation units in each dc microgrid is as follows:
according to the actual output power P of each distributed power generation unit in the DC micro-gridiAnd calculating to obtain the actual micro-increment rate lambda of each distributed power generation unitk(Pi) The actual micro-increment rate lambdak(Pi) Micro-increment rate reference value of DC micro-grid
Figure BDA0003391246690000071
Comparing the result with the droop coefficient omegakMultiplying the result by the voltage of the sub-microgrid bus
Figure BDA0003391246690000072
Summing, the result of the summation is used as the given value of the output voltage of each distributed generation unit in the sub-microgrid
Figure BDA0003391246690000073
To a voltage-current double closed-loop controller based onReceived output voltage set value of each distributed generation unit
Figure BDA0003391246690000074
Adjusting the output of each distributed generation unit in the direct current microgrid, so that the micro-increment rates of all the distributed generation units in the direct current microgrid are equal;
wherein, PiThe actual output power of the ith distributed generation unit;
λk(Pi) The actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000075
setting a given value of the output voltage of the ith distributed generation unit;
Figure BDA0003391246690000081
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the kth direct current micro-grid;
ωkthe droop coefficient is corresponding to the kth direct current micro-grid;
i and k are both integers.
The preferred embodiment provides an implementation manner for equalizing the micro-increment rates of all the distributed power generation units in each dc microgrid, which can be summarized as a nonlinear dynamic droop gain method, and the implementation manner is utilized to realize the economic and optimal operation of the interconnection system.
Because the droop coefficient and the micro-increment reference value of each distributed generation unit (DG) are equal in the same direct-current micro-grid, when the system reaches a steady state, the micro-increment of each distributed generation unit (DG) is automatically adjusted to be equal. Therefore, under the nonlinear dynamic droop gain control mode, each distributed generation unit (DG) automatically carries out load power distribution according to economic optimization, and the total generation cost of the whole direct current micro-grid interconnection system is the lowest.
When applied, omegakThe value of (A) can ensure the economic optimization operation controlIn the method, the bus voltage of the direct-current microgrid fluctuates within an allowable range all the time, the actual micro-increment rate of each distributed generation unit (DG) can be calculated through the actual output power of the DG, the actual micro-increment rate is compared with the reference of the micro-increment rate of the sub-microgrid, and then the output of each DG is adjusted by taking the comparison result as the given value of the voltage-current double closed-loop controller, so that the micro-increment rates of all DGs in the sub-microgrid are equal. According to the criterion of the equal micro-increment rate, the self-generating cost inside the two direct current micro-grids reaches the minimum respectively, and the economic optimization operation is realized respectively.
Further, referring specifically to fig. 1, in S2, the actual value v of the dc bus voltage of the first dc microgrid is collecteddc1And is the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the second DC microgriddc2Obtaining the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2The implementation mode of the method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003391246690000082
wherein,
Figure BDA0003391246690000083
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the first direct current micro-grid;
Figure BDA0003391246690000084
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the second direct current micro-grid;
ω1the droop coefficient is corresponding to the first direct current micro-grid;
ω2the droop coefficient is corresponding to the second direct current micro-grid;
Figure BDA0003391246690000091
the reference value is a direct current bus voltage reference value of a first direct current micro-grid;
Figure BDA0003391246690000092
and the reference value is the direct current bus voltage reference value of the second direct current micro-grid.
In specific application, the influence of cable impedance on voltage deviation is ignored, the bus voltage of the direct-current micro-grid is equal to the output voltage of each DG, and the micro-increment rate of each DG in the direct-current micro-grid is equal under a steady-state condition, so that the measured bus voltage of the direct-current micro-grid is substituted into the formula 1, and the micro-increment rate of each sub-micro-grid can be obtained.
Further, referring specifically to fig. 1, in S3, the actual micro-increment rate λ of the first dc micro-grid is utilizeddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2Obtaining a reference value P of the transmission power of the direct current micro-gridtThe implementation mode is as follows:
will be lambdadc1And λdc2The difference result is sent to a PI regulator, and the PI regulator generates a corresponding reference value P of the transmission power of the direct current microgrid according to the received difference resultt*。
Further, referring specifically to fig. 1, in S3, the actual micro-increment rate λ of two dc micro-grids is utilizeddc1、λdc2And actual micro-augmentation lambda of the common energy storage systembObtaining a reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the public energy storage systembThe implementation mode is as follows:
according to the actual micro-increment rate lambda of two direct current micro-gridsdc1And λdc2Obtaining the average value of the micro-increment rate of the direct current micro-grid
Figure BDA0003391246690000093
Then the average value lambda of the micro-increment rate of the direct current micro-grid is calculatedaveActual micro-augmentation rate lambda with a common energy storage systembMaking difference, sending the obtained difference result to another PI regulator, and generating corresponding reference value P of charge and discharge power of the common energy storage system by the PI regulator according to the received difference resultb*。
In a still further aspect of the present invention,
Figure BDA0003391246690000094
wherein k isPIs the proportionality coefficient, k, of a PI regulatorIAnd s is a Laplace operator, which is an integral coefficient of the PI regulator.
Further, in S3, the actual micro-augmentation rate λ of the common energy storage systembThe acquisition mode is as follows:
collecting charge-discharge power P of common energy storage systembAnd state of charge SoC according to charging and discharging power PbObtaining actual micro-increment rate lambda of common energy storage system by SOC (state of charge)b。
Further, according to the charging and discharging power PbObtaining actual micro-increment rate lambda of common energy storage system by SOC (state of charge)bThe implementation mode of the method is as follows:
Figure BDA0003391246690000095
wherein,
Figure BDA0003391246690000101
for the maximum charge and discharge power, both alpha and beta are power generation cost coefficients, and alpha is not equal to beta.
In the present preferred embodiment of the process of the invention,
Figure BDA0003391246690000102
SoCmin＜SoC＜SoCmaxwherein, SoCminIs a lower limit of the table SoC, SoCmaxThe actual micro-augmentation factor lambda of the common energy storage system is the upper limit of the SoCbAnd its charge and discharge power PbProportional to the SoC, and inversely proportional to the SoC, so that the micro-increment rate of the common energy storage is the lowest when the SoC approaches 100%. The incremental rate of common energy storage can be expressed in the form described in equation 3.
In a still further aspect of the present invention,
Figure BDA0003391246690000103
wherein,
Figure BDA0003391246690000104
the maximum allowable voltage of a direct current bus of the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000105
the minimum allowable voltage of a direct current bus of the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000106
the maximum value of the micro-increment rate of the distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure BDA0003391246690000107
the minimum value of the micro-increment rate of the distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
λk(Pi max) The maximum value of the actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct-current micro-grid is obtained;
λk(Pi min) The minimum value of the actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained.
In a still further aspect of the present invention,
Figure BDA0003391246690000108
the expression of (a) is:
Figure BDA0003391246690000109
the method analyzes the power generation cost of each distributed power generation unit and public energy storage in the direct-current microgrid interconnection system, designs a nonlinear dynamic droop gain control strategy based on an equal micro-rate criterion according to an equal micro-rate principle aiming at the economic optimization operation problem of the interconnection system, then provides an economic optimization control block diagram of the inside of a sub-microgrid and an interconnection converter, and finally verifies the effectiveness of the distributed economic optimization control strategy in different working modes.
The direct current sub-network economic optimization control strategy is shown in fig. 1, the actual micro-increment rate of each DG can be calculated through the actual output power of each DG, the actual micro-increment rate is compared with the reference of the micro-increment rate of the sub-microgrid, and then the output of each DG is adjusted by taking the comparison result as the given voltage-current double closed-loop controller, so that the micro-increment rates of all DGs in the sub-microgrid are equal. According to the criterion of the equal micro-increment rate, the self-generating cost inside the two direct current micro-grids reaches the minimum respectively, and the economic optimization operation is realized respectively. The distributed economic optimization control strategy of the whole interconnected micro-grid system is shown in figure 1. The control strategy adopts a nonlinear dynamic droop gain mode, only collects the voltage of two direct current microgrid buses, does not depend on communication, and is simple and reliable to control.
And (3) verification test:
in order to verify the effect of the invention, the method of the invention is subjected to simulation verification. A direct current micro-grid interconnection system economic optimization operation control model is set up in PLECS simulation software, and table 1 shows generation cost functions and upper and lower limits of output of 4 DGs (namely distributed generation units) and public energy storage in two direct current micro-grids. Among them, DG1 and DG2 are inside dc microgrid 1, and DG3 and DG4 are inside dc microgrid 2. The simulation parameters are as follows: DC sub-network voltage Vdc400V ± 20V, each DG has an equivalent cable impedance R of 2m Ω and L of 1.5 mH. α, β, and γ are a quadratic term coefficient and a first order term coefficient and a constant term coefficient in the power generation cost function, respectively.
TABLE 1 Generation cost function for each DG
Figure BDA0003391246690000111
Fig. 2 shows a simulation waveform of the dc microgrid interconnection system when the common energy storage is not accessed, and table 1 reflects a change in the generation cost of each DG before and after the incremental rate adjustment. Before 0.5s, the interconnection converter is not connected, the power transmitted between the two micro grids is zero, and only the economic optimization operation control function in the two direct current micro grids is achieved. As shown in fig. 2(a), at this time, the micro-increase rates of the DGs inside the two sub-microgrid systems are adjusted to be equal, and according to the criterion of the micro-increase rates, the two dc sub-microgrid systems respectively realize respective economic optimized operation, but the micro-increase rates of the two sub-microgrid systems are not equal, which indicates that the overall interconnected system is not in an economic optimized operation state. At 0.5s, the interconnection converter is put into operation, the two direct current micro-grids can share the power fluctuation of the load together, as shown in fig. 2(b), at this time, the output of the DG1 and the output of the DG2 are increased, the output of the DG3 and the output of the DG4 are reduced, the power is transmitted from the micro-grid 1 to the micro-grid 2, the micro-increment rates of the two sub-micro-grids are adjusted to be equal, and the principle of equal micro-increment rates can be known. As shown in FIG. 2(c), the total power generation cost of the interconnected system at 0.5s is reduced from 1700.3 th to 1590.4 th, which proves that the distributed economic optimization method of the interconnected system of the direct-current micro-grid based on the equal micro-increment rate can reduce the total power generation cost of the system.
In fig. 2, at 1s, the load suddenly increases, the power transmitted between the dc micro-grid 1 and the dc micro-grid 2 increases, and the micro-increment rates of the respective DGs can be adjusted to be equal to each other, so as to achieve the economic optimization operation. Fig. 2(d) shows the waveforms of the bus voltages of the dc microgrid 1 and the dc microgrid 2, and it can be seen that the bus voltages are always within the allowable fluctuation range.
TABLE 2 cost of DGs when common energy storage is not engaged
Figure BDA0003391246690000121
Fig. 3 shows the simulated waveform when DG2 reaches the upper limit of the output. When the load suddenly increases within 0.5s, the DG2 in the direct current microgrid 1 firstly reaches the upper output limit, the power of the DG2 is limited to the maximum power of 1500W, the micro-increase rate is kept at a constant value and cannot continuously participate in adjustment, the micro-increase rates of other DGs can still be adjusted to be equal, and the principle of the micro-increase rates is known, so that the overall power generation cost of the direct current microgrid interconnection system is still the minimum, and the system is in an economic optimization operation state.
Fig. 4 is a simulation waveform of the dc microgrid interconnection system when the common energy storage operates in the charging mode. And when the public energy storage is accessed into the interconnected system in 0.5s, the micro-increment rate of each DG is adjusted to be equal to the micro-increment rate of the public energy storage, and according to the principle of the micro-increment rates, the total power generation cost of the whole system is the lowest at the moment, so that the economic optimization operation is realized.
As shown in fig. 4(c), after the public energy storage is accessed, the total power generation cost of the system is reduced to some extent compared with the prior art, which indicates that the total power generation cost of the dc microgrid interconnection system can be reduced by adding the public energy storage.
Fig. 5 is a simulation waveform of the dc microgrid interconnection system when the common energy storage operates in the discharge mode. As shown in fig. 5(a), the public stored energy is accessed at 0.5s, the DG micro-increment rate is adjusted to be equal to the micro-increment rate of the public stored energy, and the total power generation cost of the system is the lowest according to the principle of equal micro-increment rate.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.

Claims (10)

1. The distributed economic optimization method of the direct-current micro-grid interconnection system based on the equal micro-increment rate is characterized in that the optimization method comprises the following steps of:
s1, equalizing the micro-increment rates of all distributed power generation units in each direct current microgrid;
s2, collecting the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the first DC microgriddc1And is the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the second DC microgriddc2Obtaining the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2；
S3 actual micro-increment rate lambda of first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2Obtaining a reference value P of the transmission power of the direct current micro-gridtThe direct current micro-grid interconnection converter transmits a reference value P according to the direct current micro-grid transmission powertAdjusting power transmission between two DC micro-grids in a power voltage double closed-loop control manner to enable lambdadc1＝λdc2；
At the same time, the actual micro-increment rate lambda of two direct-current micro-grids is also utilizeddc1、λdc2And actual micro-augmentation lambda of the common energy storage systembObtaining a reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the public energy storage systembThe direct current micro-grid interconnection converter is based on the reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the common energy storage systembControlling the charge and discharge of the public energy storage system by adopting a power current double closed loop control mode to ensure that the lambda isdc1＝λdc2＝λbTherefore, economic optimization of the interconnected micro-grid system is completed.
2. The distributed economic optimization method for the direct current microgrid interconnection system based on the equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the way of equalizing the micro-increment rates of all the distributed power generation units in each direct current microgrid is as follows:
according to the actual output power P of each distributed power generation unit in the DC micro-gridiAnd calculating to obtain the actual micro-increment rate lambda of each distributed power generation unitk(Pi) The actual micro-increment rate lambdak(Pi) Micro-increment rate reference value of DC micro-grid
Figure FDA0003391246680000011
Comparing the result with the droop coefficient omegakMultiplying the result by the voltage of the sub-microgrid bus
Figure FDA0003391246680000012
Summing, the result of the summation is used as the given value of the output voltage of each distributed generation unit in the sub-microgrid
Figure FDA0003391246680000013
Sending the voltage and current to a voltage and current double closed-loop controller, wherein the voltage and current double closed-loop controller sets the value according to the received output voltage of each distributed power generation unit
Figure FDA0003391246680000014
Adjusting the output of each distributed generation unit in the direct current microgrid, so that the micro-increment rates of all the distributed generation units in the direct current microgrid are equal;
wherein, PiThe actual output power of the ith distributed generation unit;
λk(Pi) The actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure FDA0003391246680000021
setting a given value of the output voltage of the ith distributed generation unit;
Figure FDA0003391246680000022
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the kth direct current micro-grid;
ωkthe droop coefficient is corresponding to the kth direct current micro-grid;
i and k are both integers.
3. The distributed economic optimization method of the DC micro-grid interconnected system based on the equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, the method is based onCollected actual value v of direct-current bus voltage of first direct-current microgriddc1And is the actual value v of the DC bus voltage of the second DC microgriddc2Obtaining the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the first direct current micro-griddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2The implementation mode of the method is as follows:
Figure FDA0003391246680000023
wherein,
Figure FDA0003391246680000024
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the first direct current micro-grid;
Figure FDA0003391246680000025
the micro-increment rate reference value is the micro-increment rate reference value of the second direct current micro-grid;
ω1the droop coefficient is corresponding to the first direct current micro-grid;
ω2the droop coefficient is corresponding to the second direct current micro-grid;
Figure FDA0003391246680000026
the reference value is a direct current bus voltage reference value of a first direct current micro-grid;
Figure FDA0003391246680000027
and the reference value is the direct current bus voltage reference value of the second direct current micro-grid.
4. The distributed economic optimization method for DC micro-grid interconnected system based on equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, the actual micro-increment rate λ of the first DC micro-grid is utilizeddc1And the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the second DC micro-griddc2To obtain a DC micro-waveReference value P of transmission power of power gridtThe implementation mode is as follows:
will be lambdadc1And λdc2The difference result is sent to a PI regulator, and the PI regulator generates a corresponding reference value P of the transmission power of the direct current microgrid according to the received difference resultt*。
5. The distributed economic optimization method for the DC micro-grid interconnected system based on equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 4, wherein in S3, the actual micro-increment rates λ of two DC micro-grids are utilizeddc1、λdc2And actual micro-augmentation lambda of the common energy storage systembObtaining a reference value P of the charge and discharge power of the public energy storage systembThe implementation mode is as follows:
according to the actual micro-increment rate lambda of two direct current micro-gridsdc1And λdc2Obtaining the average value of the micro-increment rate of the direct current micro-grid
Figure FDA0003391246680000031
Then the average value lambda of the micro-increment rate of the direct current micro-grid is calculatedaveActual micro-augmentation rate lambda with a common energy storage systembMaking difference, sending the obtained difference result to another PI regulator, and generating corresponding reference value P of charge and discharge power of the common energy storage system by the PI regulator according to the received difference resultb*。
6. The distributed economic optimization method of the DC micro-grid interconnected system based on the equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 5,
Figure FDA0003391246680000032
wherein k isPIs the proportionality coefficient, k, of a PI regulatorIAnd s is a Laplace operator, which is an integral coefficient of the PI regulator.
7. The constant micro-gain based bar according to claim 1The distributed economic optimization method of the current microgrid interconnection system is characterized in that in S3, the actual micro-increment rate lambda of the public energy storage systembThe acquisition mode is as follows:
collecting charge-discharge power P of common energy storage systembAnd state of charge SoC according to charging and discharging power PbObtaining actual micro-increment rate lambda of common energy storage system by SOC (state of charge)b。
8. The distributed economic optimization method for the DC micro-grid interconnection system based on the equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 7, wherein the distributed economic optimization method is based on the charge and discharge power PbObtaining actual micro-increment rate lambda of common energy storage system by SOC (state of charge)bThe implementation mode of the method is as follows:
Figure FDA0003391246680000033
wherein,
Figure FDA0003391246680000034
for the maximum charge and discharge power, both alpha and beta are power generation cost coefficients, and alpha is not equal to beta.
9. The distributed economic optimization method of the DC micro-grid interconnected system based on the equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 2,
Figure FDA0003391246680000041
wherein,
Figure FDA0003391246680000042
the maximum allowable voltage of a direct current bus of the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure FDA0003391246680000043
is the k-thThe minimum allowable voltage of a direct-current bus of the direct-current microgrid;
Figure FDA0003391246680000044
the maximum value of the micro-increment rate of the distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
Figure FDA0003391246680000045
the minimum value of the micro-increment rate of the distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained;
λk(Pi max) The maximum value of the actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct-current micro-grid is obtained;
λk(Pi min) The minimum value of the actual micro-increment rate of the ith distributed generation unit in the kth direct current micro-grid is obtained.
10. The distributed economic optimization method of the DC micro-grid interconnected system based on the equal micro-increment rate as claimed in claim 2,
Figure FDA0003391246680000046
the expression of (a) is:
Figure FDA0003391246680000047
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Inventor before: Cao Rong

Inventor before: Zhao Leilei

CB03 Change of inventor or designer information