CN1139831C - Mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope - Google Patents
Mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope Download PDFInfo
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- CN1139831C CN1139831C CNB011136685A CN01113668A CN1139831C CN 1139831 C CN1139831 C CN 1139831C CN B011136685 A CNB011136685 A CN B011136685A CN 01113668 A CN01113668 A CN 01113668A CN 1139831 C CN1139831 C CN 1139831C
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- control system
- displacement
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- astronomical telescope
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a mirror plane displacement control system of a large astronomical telescope. A mirror plane is spliced by segment mirrors, wherein the back side of the segment mirrors is provided with displacement actuators, and a position sensor detects the displacement amount and feeds the displacement amount back to a computer close loop control system. The output end of the computer is connected with each actuator. The present invention is characterized in that an upper machine is connected with a main control machine respectively connected with a plurality of displacement controllers which are respectively connected with a plurality of displacement actuator drivers, and the drivers are connected with the displacement actuators. The structure of the present invention realizes that the main control machine simultaneously sends out commands to all the controllers by combining with software, and all the actuators can work simultaneously. The present invention initiates simultaneous real-time control of the displacement actuators and a force adding actuator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control gear of astronomical telescope, particularly a kind of displacement control system of spliced large-scale astronomical telescope minute surface.
Background technology
Build huge astronomical telescope is the target that the astronomer constantly pursues always, telescopical bore is big more, and the celestial body information of obtaining is just many more, but along with the increasing of telescope bore, difficulty during construction can be exponential form and become big, so that surmounted human technical capability.In order to solve this contradiction, spliced large telescope technology has appearred in the prior art, promptly be spliced into complete splicing minute surface by some hexagonal " sub-mirrors ".Wherein each piece mirror is provided with three strong points, and for reference mirror, these three strong points are point of fixity; For other sub-mirrors, these three strong points are displacement point: the displacement that the micrometric displacement actuator is controlled sub-mirror is placed at the back side of each piece mirror, and feedback assembly is set provides feedback signal for the computing machine of control system, form closed-loop control, feedback assembly comprises that microbit puts sensor and optical detection apparatus, and computing machine sends instruction through resolving the displacement of obtaining each actuator to each actuator, the control displacement, thus realize confocal or coplane.This technology has solved the technical difficulty of building ultra-large type astronomical telescope minute surface, but increase along with sub-mirror quantity, the quantity of its micrometric displacement actuator also increases exponentially, this has proposed very high requirement to control system: astronomical sight need change the shape of minute surface at any time, promptly require each piece mirror to carry out displacement respectively, at this moment observation effect can be affected.In order to shorten transition and coordinated time as far as possible, just requiring principal computer must be simultaneously each controller to be sent instruction, and all actuators are accepted instruction simultaneously, realizes real-time working simultaneously.Back warp normal " timesharing control " or " the asynchronous control of using " in computer control field all can't reach this requirement, and can not adopt.Simultaneously, because the displacement scope of actuator is at ± 1mm, the control accuracy high resolving power is 1 nanometer, and precision is 50 nanometers, makes that the control difficulty is bigger.Present prior art can only realize the control to the limited quantity actuator, and for example: the U.S. has realized 10 meters telescopical displacement control systems by 36 sub-mirror splicings.Build more large-scale telescope, realize control and the higher control of precision, need to propose new control system scheme the greater number actuator.In addition, present " active optics control " technology comprises the displacement of controlling sub-mirror and the deformation of controlling sub-mirror, and control system of the prior art has only realized an antithetical phrase mirror displacement control respectively, a perhaps antithetical phrase mirror deformation control.Astronomical telescope (for example Schmidt telescope) need solve simultaneously to the displacement control of every sub-mirror minute surface and Deformation control (becoming aspheric mirror by level crossing), still unresolved this problem of present control system.
Summary of the invention
Solve the goal of the invention that above-mentioned problem is the application, the application will solve and build the requirement of ultra-large type astronomical telescope to control system, be that principal computer sends instruction simultaneously to the more control device, real-time working when realizing all actuators, and the precision of control reaches nanoscale.Simultaneously, the application also will solve control system and finish simultaneously to the control of every sub-mirror displacement with to the Deformation control of minute surface.The technical program is the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) key research project: the achievement of splicing minute surface active optics technical research, the research purpose of this project is beforehand research and the tachnical storage that will build large-scale optics astronomical telescope technology for China.As the existing telescopical development of implementing of key state project LAMOST etc.
The scheme of finishing the foregoing invention task is: mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope, minute surface is spliced by some hexagonal sub-mirrors, the micrometric displacement actuator is placed at the back side of each piece mirror, put the position of sensor micrometric displacement by microbit, the output of sensor is connected to computing machine, the output of computing machine connects each actuator, form closed-loop control system, it is characterized in that: connect master controller by host computer, master controller connects several displacement controllers respectively, each displacement controller connects the driver of several (for example 3-9) displacement actuators respectively, and each driver connects a displacement actuator.This structure combines with corresponding software in the computing machine, can realize that main control computer sends instruction to all controllers simultaneously, and all actuators are real-time working simultaneously.The prioritization scheme of this programme is: 1, displacement controller constitutes control enclosure by the bus system that contains CPU, for example adopts the PC104 bus to constitute control enclosure.This control enclosure includes processor, electric board, digital interface, A/D interface, D/A interface, communication interface and actuator controller.At the very limited sub-mirror back side of area, construction space is very limited, and the employing control enclosure can reduce the volume of controller, and the quantity of wiring, improves the feasibility of actual engineering construction.For more large-scale telescope, can also realize between control system and each controller with LAN (Local Area Network) transmission or wireless transmission.2, owing to realized that simultaneously to effective control of greater number actuator, just native system is included in the control of the force actuator that minute surface deformation can be used simultaneously in.Be installation position, sub-mirror back side displacement actuator, also the installing force actuator receives the instruction of a control system simultaneously, simultaneously real-time working.According to the needs of observation, can be that all sub-mirrors are all installed two kinds of actuators, also can be that wherein a part is installed a kind of, another part is installed two kinds.3, displacement transducer can adopt condenser type of the prior art or inductance type, also can adopt new departure provided by the invention: electro-optical pickoff.4,, adopt photoelectricity isolation signals driving method in order to strengthen the anti-jamming capacity of steering logic.Thereby the ground of blocking-up controlled device and the path between the computer control system ground.5, in order to improve the driving force of output channel, adopt the way of output of OC gate circuit.
The invention solves and build the requirement of ultra-large type astronomical telescope to control system, promptly principal computer sends instruction to the more control device simultaneously, work when realizing all actuators, thereby the more actuator of achieve effective control.The control resolution of displacement actuator is about 5nm, and the site error of system's control is less than 25nm.Simultaneously, the application has also solved control system and has realized simultaneously to the control of every sub-mirror displacement with to the Deformation control of minute surface.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is this control system structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the computer interface logical diagram of displacement actuator among the embodiment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 2: splicing minute surface active optics control system, minute surface is spliced by the sub-mirror of some sexangle thin mirror surfaces, the displacement that the micrometric displacement actuator is controlled sub-mirror is placed at the back side of each piece mirror, detect the position of micrometric displacement by capacitive position transducer, sensor is connected to the computer close-loop control system, and feedback signal is provided.Minute surface is divided into M
AMirror and M
BMirror, M
AMirror is made up of 24 sub-mirror splicings of thin mirror surface, and every sub-mirror is provided with 3 displacement actuators, and wherein one is reference mirror (not establishing displacement actuator); M
BMirror is made up of 37 sub-mirrors, and wherein one is reference mirror, and then displacement actuator quantity is: 23 * 3+36 * 3=177.The connection edge of per two sub-mirrors is provided with two displacement transducers.The back side of every sub-mirror also is provided with force actuator.The control system of all displacement actuators and force actuator: be connected master controller by host computer, master controller connects the controller (each controller is made of a bus system PC104 who contains CPU respectively) of displacement actuator controller and force actuator respectively, each controller connects several actuators driver of (comprising displacement actuator and force actuator) respectively, and each driver connects an actuator.In order to strengthen the anti-jamming capacity of steering logic, adopt photoelectricity isolation signals driving method.Thereby the ground of blocking-up controlled device and the path between the computer control system ground.Each road output control in 8bit * 2 all is to keep apart with the signal ground and the computer system ground of photoelectric coupled device with controlled device.In order to improve the driving force of output channel, adopt the way of output of OC gate circuit.Selected HY-6120 isolated form digital quantity I/O interface board for use according to this scheme.When power source voltage Vcc=5V, the driving force on each road is 20mA.The base address that this interface uses on main frame is set to 280H.What microbit was put the actuator employing is step motor drive.That use is 45BF005 II.This Electric Machine Control mode is three-phase triple time, and step angle was 3 degree/steps, and when walking three-phase six-beat, step angle was 1.5 degree/steps, and rated voltage is 27V, electric current 2.5A, and phase resistance is 0.94 Ω, phase inductance 15.8mH, no load starting frequency are 3K, holding torque 0.2N.M.45BF005 II step motor drive provides square frequency family curve and shows when dispatching from the factory: when 300Hz, exert oneself＜0.003N.M greatly.Avoided this frequency when we use, approached maximum static torque 0.196NM in order to make to exert oneself; The controlled frequency of computing machine output is lower than 100Hz.The range of the micrometric displacement actuator of Machine Design was about for 150 steps (240 step/week), through contracting than after the displacement in each step be about 50nm (three-phase six-beat, step angle were 1.5 degree/steps).Adopt 10 sub-driver circuits again, promptly each segmentation step is: about 5nm.Control structure as shown in Figure 3.Main frame sends control command by digital output interface, and just (instead) of control micrometric displacement actuator is to displacement.10 segmentations of stepper motor drive has inner semi-fluid lock function; After input control signal stopped to apply about 3 seconds, current of electric was half of ratings, reduced power consumption.That is to say that stepper motor is locked in the time marquis of certain phase under hold mode, the heat of corresponding generation is just few.This detection to micrometric displacement is more favourable.The inside of driver has overcurrent protection, and the short circuit of the short time between the motor windings will can not cause the damage of driver.Internal drive has overheat protector, when the temperature of driver reaches 80 ℃, and the overheat protector action, at this moment driver is in off-line state.After 10 ℃ of temperature declines, driver is resumed work.Micro-displacement sensor adopts capacitance type sensor, and its detecting head is the responsive part of operation method capacitance gage; Its end face and surface to be measured form electric capacity, use columniform gauge head, and the gauge head of support fixation of sensor is laid at the hexagonal sub-mirror back side; A slice sheet metal (adopting the indium steel) is pasted at the sub-mirror back side, forms electric capacity between sheet metal and the gauge head.In ideal conditions, the variation of output voltage and relative distance is linear relationship fully.Here it is uses the outstanding feature of capacitive displacement transducer.The method of security control word and automatic identity authentication is adopted in the native system communication, processor in the intelligent control box is analyzed data automatically and is judged the correctness of order, thereby improve the operational reliability of each link, wherein security control word and authentication is encoded to self-defining mode.
Embodiment 2, basic identical with last example, but displacement transducer adopts photoelectric displacement sensor, and photoelectric tube and little reflective mirror promptly are set at the back side of each sub-mirror, receives little reflective mirror beam reflected by photoelectric tube, thereby records the displacement of sub-mirror.The electro-optical pickoff cost is low, precision is high, simple installation.
Embodiment 3, and is basic identical with the foregoing description, but the reaction stepping motor on the displacement actuator adopts the motor of hybrid permanent magnet formula stepper motor or rare earth material.16bit, the acquisition module of flash conversion are adopted in the A/D conversion.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope, minute surface is spliced by some hexagonal sub-mirrors, the micrometric displacement actuator is placed at the back side of each piece mirror and microbit is put sensor, the output that microbit is put sensor is connected to computing machine, the output of computing machine connects each actuator, form closed-loop control system, it is characterized in that: connect master controller by host computer, master controller connects several displacement controllers respectively, each displacement controller connects the driver of several displacement actuators respectively, and each driver connects a displacement actuator.
2, according to the described mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope of claim 1, it is characterized in that: said displacement transducer adopts electro-optical pickoff.
3, according to claim 1 or 2 described mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope, it is characterized in that: also be connected to the force actuator control system in the control system simultaneously, control system connects force actuator and displacement actuator simultaneously, two kinds of actuators while real-time working under the order of master control.
4, according to the described mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said displacement controller constitutes control enclosure by the bus system that contains CPU.
5, according to the described mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the method for security control word and automatic identity authentication is adopted in the native system communication, processor in the intelligent control box is analyzed data automatically and is judged the correctness of order, thereby improve the operational reliability of each link, wherein security control word and authentication is encoded to self-defining mode.
6, according to the described mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope of claim 4, it is characterized in that: on the ground and the path between the computer control system ground of controlled device, be provided with the photosignal spacer assembly.
7, according to the described mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the output channel of control system adopts the way of output of OC gate circuit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011136685A CN1139831C (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2001-06-05 | Mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011136685A CN1139831C (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2001-06-05 | Mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope |
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| CN1343897A CN1343897A (en) | 2002-04-10 |
| CN1139831C true CN1139831C (en) | 2004-02-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB011136685A Expired - Fee Related CN1139831C (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2001-06-05 | Mirror shift control system for large astronomical telescope |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100388046C (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Intelligent control system of force actuator in large astronomical telescope |
| CN100429555C (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2008-10-29 | 阿尔卡特公司 | Locally deformable mirror comprising electroactive material whose thickness can be varied by means of electrical effects |
| CN100445799C (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2008-12-24 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Intelligent control system for displacement actuator in large-scale astronomical telescope |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101950861B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Active control system of 65m radio telescope primary reflecting surface |
| CN101826659B (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2013-06-05 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Active control method of main reflecting surface of 65-meter radio telescope |
| CN101840064B (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Control method of direct current motor type force actuator |
| JP6168957B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2017-07-26 | キヤノン株式会社 | Optical apparatus, projection optical system, exposure apparatus, and article manufacturing method |
| CN109407255A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Synchronous jacking control system for large telescope primary mirror adjustment |
| CN109814244B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-02-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Multi-stage servo common-phase regulator |
| CN110031971B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-07-09 | 深圳市锐思华创技术有限公司 | Assembling method of wide-angle optical free-form surface lens |
| CN111610738B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-06-01 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Space telescope unfolding mechanism, control system and method |
-
2001
- 2001-06-05 CN CNB011136685A patent/CN1139831C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100429555C (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2008-10-29 | 阿尔卡特公司 | Locally deformable mirror comprising electroactive material whose thickness can be varied by means of electrical effects |
| CN100388046C (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2008-05-14 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Intelligent control system of force actuator in large astronomical telescope |
| CN100445799C (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2008-12-24 | 中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所 | Intelligent control system for displacement actuator in large-scale astronomical telescope |
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| CN1343897A (en) | 2002-04-10 |
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