CN113981302A - Aluminum-containing low-carbon steel and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-containing low-carbon steel and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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Abstract
The application discloses low-carbon steel containing aluminum and a preparation process thereof, belonging to the technical field of steel smelting, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: converter primary smelting (11) adds scrap steel into molten iron, then carries on blowing by top-bottom combined blowing, adds slag making material during blowing, and controls the slag alkalinity at 2.8-3.8, continues blowing; (12) tapping; refining: (21) blowing argon after molten steel enters a CAS furnace, measuring temperature, sampling and analyzing; (22) adjusting components according to the analysis result, adding alloy, blowing argon, measuring temperature and sampling; (23) tapping; continuous casting: the ladle temperature is 1595-. The preparation process can improve the purity of the molten steel and reduce inclusions in the molten steel.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of steel smelting, in particular to low-carbon steel containing aluminum and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of market economy, the development of high-end industries such as household appliances, automobiles, instruments and meters, radio, national defense and aerospace industries and the like continuously puts higher requirements on the specification, surface quality, mechanical property and dimensional deviation of strip steel, when thin strip steel with the thickness reduced to a certain size needs to be produced, the production of hot-rolled strip steel is far from meeting the development requirements of various industries, and the production of cold-rolled strip steel has been paid enough attention and developed in life.
In the existing molten steel smelting, because of the carbon content in the molten steel components, the free oxygen content in the molten steel at the smelting end point of the converter is higher, the weight percentage of oxygen in the molten steel is more than or equal to 500ppm in general, and a large amount of Al is generated by completely depending on aluminum deoxidation in the smelting process2O3Inclusion causes the content of inclusions in molten steel to be higher, causes the water gap flocculation flow in the continuous casting process, causes the shutdown of a continuous casting machine, and seriously influences the continuity of continuous casting production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the purity of molten steel and reduce inclusions in the molten steel, the application provides low-carbon steel containing aluminum and a preparation process thereof.
The first aspect of the application provides a preparation process of low-carbon steel containing aluminum, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of low-carbon steel containing aluminum comprises the following preparation methods:
converter primary smelting
(11) The temperature of the molten iron entering the converter is more than or equal to 1250 ℃, the P in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.150 percent and the S is less than or equal to 0.050 percent by mass percentage, the scrap steel is added into the molten iron and blown by top-bottom combined blowing, a slag making material is added during blowing, the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 2.8-3.8, and the continuous blowing is controlled to control the terminal composition of the molten steel of the converter as follows: less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S and the balance of Fe;
(12) tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1650-;
(II) refining
(21) After molten steel enters a CAS furnace, the flow rate of argon blowing is controlled to be 150-250L/min, the argon pressure is 0.3-0.4MPa, after argon blowing is carried out for 2-4min, the flow rate of argon is adjusted to be 30-100L/min, the argon pressure is 0.2-0.3MPa, and temperature measurement, sampling and analysis are carried out;
(22) adjusting the components according to the analysis result, adding a second alloy, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 350L/min and the pressure to be 0.4-0.6MPa, stirring for 2-3min, adjusting the argon flow rate to be 30-100L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.2-0.3MPa, measuring the temperature and sampling;
(23) according to the mass percentage, the control end point comprises the following components: 0.05 to 0.07 percent of C, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of Si, 0.23 to 0.27 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S, 0.010 to 0.020 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, and the balance of Fe; the volume concentration of oxygen is controlled to be 33-45ppm, the volume concentration of nitrogen is controlled to be 40-69ppm, and the tapping temperature is 1595-1605 ℃;
and thirdly, the temperature of the continuous casting ladle is 1595-.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application adopts the mode of top and bottom combined blown to make impurity silicon, manganese etc. in the molten iron oxidized and form the slag in the converter primary refining in-process, and carbon and oxygen in the molten steel take place to react simultaneously, generate carbon monoxide gas to carbon content in the molten steel when reducing the primary refining. By adopting the top-bottom combined blowing mode, the oxygen concentration in the molten steel can be increased, the temperature of the molten steel is improved, the normal operation of the smelting process is ensured, the alloy reaction can be accelerated, and the production efficiency is improved.
After the slag making material is added during primary smelting, when the alkalinity of the slag is controlled within the range of 2.8-3.8, the dephosphorization and desulfurization capacities of molten steel are improved, the erosion to a furnace lining is reduced, and simultaneously, partial inclusions in the molten steel can be removed.
Because the molten steel is in a peroxide state due to the effect of top-bottom combined blowing, the alloy and the auxiliary materials are added in the process of tapping the molten steel of the converter, so that the oxygen content in the molten steel is reduced, and the preparation is made for the refining process.
During refining in a CAS furnace, the argon flow in the step (21) and the step (22) can influence the effect of removing inclusions in molten steel, and the argon flow in the step (21) and the step (22) in the application can not only accelerate the floating removal of the inclusions in the steel, but also avoid the pollution of steel slag or air to the molten steel possibly caused by adopting excessive argon flow, thereby improving the efficiency of removing the inclusions in the molten steel and improving the purity of the molten steel. In addition, after the converter molten steel enters the steel ladle, alloy and auxiliary materials are added into the steel ladle to form reducing furnace slag, so that the absorption capacity of impurities in the molten steel is realized, the oxygen content in molten steel components can be reduced, and the purity of the molten steel is improved.
Preferably, the blowing in the step (11) adopts a top-bottom combined blowing mode, the blowing time is 10-15min, the top blowing oxygen pressure is 0.5-1.0MPa, and the oxygen lance flow rate is 20000-3Blowing nitrogen 5-10min before bottom blowing, and then switching to bottom blowing argon, wherein the flow rates of the nitrogen and the argon are both 40-50N m3The pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa.
By adopting the technical scheme, nitrogen in steel can influence the forming performance of steel, the welding performance, the high-temperature toughness, the plasticity and the like of the steel are reduced, so when the nitrogen is blown into argon after bottom blowing for 5-10min in the primary smelting process, the cost can be reduced, and excessive nitrogen in molten steel can be prevented; in addition, in the case of low carbon content, the bottom blowing stirring effect can be used to make the molten steel reach a lower carbon-oxygen equilibrium concentration product.
Preferably, the first alloy in the step (12) sequentially comprises 0.19-0.30kg/t of carburant, 0.5-1.0kg/t of aluminum block, 2.0-2.5kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy, 0.4-0.5kg/t of silicon-iron alloy and 0.17-0.33kg/t of aluminum block according to the adding sequence; the adding time is 1/4 when the depth of the molten steel is the height of the ladle, and the adding is finished when the molten steel is added into the ladle 3/4; wherein the yield of manganese element is 85 percent, and the yield of silicon element is 75 percent; according to the mass percentage, the silicon content in the silicon-manganese alloy is 17.0-20.0%, the manganese content is 60.0-67.0%, the carbon content is 1.8%, the balance is iron, the silicon content in the silicon-iron alloy is 72-80%, and the grain size of the carburant is 3-8 mm; the granularity of the aluminum block, the silicon-manganese alloy and the silicon-iron alloy is 70-80 mm.
Preferably, the auxiliary materials in the step (12) comprise 350kg/t of white ash and 350kg/t of slag washing material, and the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 3.0-3.5.
Preferably, the slag washing material comprises, by mass, 37-50% of CaO and Al2O3 27-36％、Al 7-22％、SiO2 0-7％、S≤0.3％。
By adopting the technical scheme, the carburant, the aluminum block, the silicon-manganese alloy and the silicon-iron alloy are compounded for use, so that a liquid deoxidation product with low density and low melting point can be generated, and floating removal of inclusions in molten steel is facilitated. Meanwhile, the alkalinity of the slag in the steel ladle is improved by adding the auxiliary materials and the slag washing materials, and because the alkalinity is the ratio of calcium oxide to silicon dioxide, the amount and activity of the silicon dioxide in the slag are reduced when the alkalinity is improved, so that the absorption of silicate inclusions in the molten steel is facilitated, and the inclusion content in the molten steel is further reduced.
Preferably, the temperature of molten steel in the ladle in the step (12) is controlled to be 1615-1635 ℃, argon is blown on line at the bottom, the flow rate of argon blown by the ladle is 100-150L/min, the argon pressure is 0.2-0.4MPa, and the continuous casting temperature is 1595-1630 ℃ during tapping.
By adopting the technical scheme, when bottom blowing argon stirring is carried out in a ladle, the temperature and the components of molten steel can be uniform, and simultaneously, the inclusion in the molten steel can be enabled to be collided and floated, so that the inclusion in the molten steel can be further reduced; when the argon blowing flow is too small, the argon blowing effect is not ideal, a dead zone exists, and the argon does not flow downwards during tapping.
Preferably, in the step (21) and the step (22), the argon blowing flow rate is 150-.
Preferably, in the step (22), the second alloy comprises ferrosilicon 0.1-0.5kg/t, silicomanganese 0.5-2.0kg/t, and carburant 0.1-0.5 kg/t.
Preferably, in the step (23), when the C in the end point component is less than 0.05%, the iron-calcium line is fed to the CAS furnace for 100-200m for 20-66 s.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the carbon content of the refining end point component is lower than 0.05%, the iron-calcium wire is fed into the molten steel, so that the aluminum oxide inclusion is subjected to denaturation treatment, and the carbon content in the molten steel meets the requirement.
The second aspect of the invention provides the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel obtained by the preparation method, wherein the chemical components of the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel comprise, by mass, 0.05-0.07% of C, 0.07-0.12% of Si, 0.23-0.28% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.035% of S, 0.005-0.015% of Al, less than or equal to 0.30% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.30% of Cu, and the balance of Fe.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, impurities and harmful elements in the molten steel can be effectively removed by controlling the primary smelting alkalinity, the refining alkalinity, the argon blowing flow and the argon blowing pressure, and the effect of improving the purity of the molten steel is achieved;
2. the alloy, lime and slag washing materials are used in a matched mode, so that impurities and deoxidation products in steel float upwards, the purity of molten steel is improved, meanwhile, the AlN solid solution and precipitation can be controlled due to the addition of the alloy, a finer tissue structure is obtained, and the strip steel product has good plasticity and toughness.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
A production process of aluminum-containing low-carbon steel comprises the following steps:
converter primary smelting
(11) Firstly, adding molten iron into a converter, wherein the temperature of the molten iron fed into the converter is 1350 ℃, the P content in the molten iron is 0.145 percent and the S content in the molten iron is 0.050 percent according to the mass percentage content, and then adding scrap steel into the molten iron, wherein the total loading amount of the molten iron and the scrap steel is 125t, and the scrap steel is 30 t; then blowing for 12min by top-bottom combined blowing, wherein the top-blown oxygen pressure is 0.6MPa, and the flow of an oxygen lance is 30000Nm3Blowing nitrogen 5min before bottom blowing, and then switching to bottom blowing argon, wherein the flow rates of the nitrogen and the argon are both 40Nm3And h, the pressure is 0.5MPa, 3.75t of limestone and 0.875t of dolomite are added when blowing is started, the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 2.8, and the continuous blowing is carried out to control the end-point components of the molten steel of the converter to be as follows: 0.07% of C, 0.030% of P, 0.035% of S and the balance of Fe;
(12) tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1655 ℃, the tapping time is 4min, no slag is left in the tapping process, 23.75kg of carbon powder, 75kg of aluminum blocks, 275kg of silicon-manganese alloy and 50kg of silicon-iron alloy are sequentially added when the depth of molten steel is 1/4 of the height of a steel ladle in the tapping process, the adding is finished when the molten steel reaches 3/4 of the steel ladle, the final yield of manganese element is 85 percent, the final yield of silicon element is 75 percent, then 36t of white ash and 6.25t of slag washing material are added, the alkalinity of the molten steel slag is controlled to be 3.0, and the molten steel comprises 0.07 percent of C, 0.11 percent of Si, 0.23 percent of Mn, 0.030 percent of P, 0.032 percent of S, 0.023 percent of Al and the balance of Fe;
wherein, according to the mass percentage, the silicon content in the silicon-manganese alloy is 17.0 percent, the manganese content is 65 percent, the carbon content is 1.8 percent, the balance is iron, the silicon content in the silicon-iron alloy is 72 percent, and the granularity of the aluminum block, the silicon-manganese alloy and the silicon-iron alloy is 80 mm;
the slag washing material comprises, by mass, 37% of CaO and Al2O3 36％、Al 20％、SiO2 7％；
(II) refining
(21) Controlling the temperature of molten steel in a ladle to be 1615 ℃, carrying out online bottom blowing argon, wherein the flow rate of argon blowing of the ladle is 100L/min, the argon pressure is 0.3MPa, and the continuous casting temperature is 1620 ℃ during tapping;
(22) after molten steel enters a CAS furnace, the argon blowing flow is controlled to be 160L/min, the argon pressure is 0.3MPa, after argon blowing is carried out for 2min, the argon flow is adjusted to be 50L/min, the argon pressure is 0.2MPa, temperature measurement, sampling and analysis are carried out, after sampling is finished, the argon blowing flow is 200L/min, and the argon pressure is 0.3 MPa;
(23) adjusting components according to an analysis result, adding 50kg of ferrosilicon, 150kg of silicomanganese and 37.5 kg of carbon powder, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 250L/min and the pressure to be 0.5MPa, stirring for 2min, adjusting the argon flow rate to be 30L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.2MPa, measuring the temperature, sampling, after sampling, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 200L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.3 MPa;
(24) according to the mass percentage, the control end point comprises the following components: 0.06% of C, 0.12% of Si, 0.24% of Mn, 0.028% of P, 0.031% of S, 0.015% of Al, 0.27% of Cr and the balance of Fe; controlling the final molten steel oxygen volume concentration to be 45ppm and the nitrogen concentration to be 40ppm, and then tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1600 ℃;
(25) pouring the steel into a ladle;
(III) the temperature of the continuous casting ladle is 1595 ℃, the temperature of the tundish is 1550 ℃, the superheat degree is 25 ℃, the pouring time of the tundish is 20min, constant casting speed is adopted for pouring, the casting blank casting speed is 0.9m/min, and after the tundish is poured, a covering agent is added into the molten steel of the tundish when the molten steel of the tundish reaches the height of the tundish 2/3, so that the molten steel is not exposed to red; the covering agent is purchased from Jiangyin Huilong metallurgy science and technology limited;
the crystallizer covering slag is Q215 covering slag, the thickness of a powder slag layer is 60mm, the thickness of a liquid slag layer is 12mm, and the components of the cast strip steel are C0.058%, Si 0.047%, Mn 0.243%, P0.027%, S0.008%, Al 0.064% and the balance of Fe.
Example 2
A production process of aluminum-containing low-carbon steel comprises the following steps:
converter primary smelting
(11) Firstly, adding molten iron into a converter, wherein the temperature of the molten iron fed into the converter is 1340 ℃, the molten iron contains 0.146 percent of P and 0.042 percent of S according to the mass percentage content, and then adding scrap steel into the molten iron, wherein the total loading amount of the molten iron and the scrap steel is 120t, and the scrap steel is 30 t; blowing for 15min by top-bottom combined blowing with top-blown oxygen pressure of 0.5MPa and oxygen lance flow of 25000Nm3Blowing nitrogen 10min before bottom blowing, then switching to bottom blowing argon,the flow of nitrogen and argon is 50N m3The pressure is 0.6MPa, 3.96t limestone and 0.6t dolomite are added during blowing, and the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 3.1; the continuous converting control molten steel terminal point comprises the following components: 0.06% of C, 0.030% of P, 0.035% of S and the balance of Fe;
(12) tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1650 ℃, the tapping time is 3min, no slag is discharged in the tapping process, 33.6kg of carbon powder, 120kg of aluminum block, 240kg of silicon-manganese alloy, 54kg of ferrosilicon alloy and 31.2kg of aluminum block are sequentially added when the depth of molten steel is 1/4 of the height of a steel ladle in the tapping process, the adding is finished when the molten steel reaches 3/4 of the steel ladle, the final yield of manganese element is 85 percent, the yield of silicon element is 75 percent, then 39.6t of white ash and 12t of slag washing material are added, the slag alkalinity in the molten steel is controlled to be 3.5, the components of the molten steel are C0.05 percent, Si 0.08 percent, Mn 0.24 percent, P0.028 percent, S0.035 percent, Al 0.020 percent and the balance of Fe;
wherein, according to the mass percentage, the silicon content in the silicon-manganese alloy is 20.0 percent, the manganese content is 60.0 percent, the carbon content is 1.8 percent, the balance is iron, the silicon content in the silicon-iron alloy is 80 percent, and the granularity of the aluminum block, the silicon-manganese alloy and the silicon-iron alloy is 75 mm;
the slag washing material comprises, by mass, CaO 45% and Al2O3 32％、Al 20％、SiO2 4％；
(II) refining
(21) Controlling the temperature of molten steel in a ladle to be 1620 ℃, carrying out on-line bottom argon blowing, wherein the flow rate of argon blowing of the ladle is 120L/min, and the continuous casting temperature is 1595 ℃ when tapping is carried out under the argon pressure of 0.2 MPa;
(22) after molten steel enters a CAS furnace, argon blowing flow is controlled to be 200L/min, argon pressure is 0.4MPa, after argon blowing is carried out for 3min, argon flow is adjusted to be 70L/min, argon pressure is 0.2MPa, temperature measurement, sampling and analysis are carried out, after sampling is finished, argon blowing flow is 150L/min, and argon pressure is 0.3 MPa;
(23) adjusting components according to an analysis result, adding 12kg of ferrosilicon, 60kg of silicomanganese and 60kg of carbon powder, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 350NL/min and the pressure to be 0.4MPa, stirring for 2min, adjusting the argon flow rate to be 50L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.3MPa, measuring the temperature and sampling, after the sampling is finished, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 150L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.3 MPa;
(24) according to the mass percentage, the control end point comprises the following components: 0.05 percent of C, 0.09 percent of Si, 0.23 percent of Mn, 0.030 percent of P, 0.030 percent of S, 0.010 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.29 percent of Cr and the balance of Fe; controlling the oxygen volume concentration of the final product to be 33ppm and the nitrogen concentration to be within the range of 60ppm, and then tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1595 ℃;
(25) pouring the steel into a ladle;
thirdly, the temperature of the continuous casting ladle is 1600 ℃, the temperature of the tundish is 1567 ℃, the superheat degree is 11 ℃, the pouring time of the tundish is 18min, the constant drawing speed is adopted for pouring, the drawing speed is 1.20m/min, and after the tundish is poured, a covering agent is added into the molten steel of the tundish when the molten steel of the tundish reaches the height of 2/3 so that the molten steel is not exposed to red; the covering agent is purchased from Jiangyin Huilong metallurgy science and technology limited;
the thickness of a powder slag layer of Q215 casting slag adopted by the crystallizer casting slag is 30mm, the thickness of a liquid slag layer is 11mm, and the components of the cast strip steel are C0.055%, Si 0.080%, Mn 0.256%, P0.019%, S0.005%, Al 0.048% and the balance of Fe.
Example 3
A production process of aluminum-containing low-carbon steel comprises the following steps:
converter primary smelting
(11) Firstly, adding molten iron into a converter, wherein the temperature of the molten iron entering the converter is 1430 ℃, the P content in the molten iron is 0.145 percent and the S content in the molten iron is 0.040 percent according to the mass percentage, and then adding scrap steel into the molten iron, wherein the total loading amount of the molten iron and the scrap steel is 120t, and the scrap steel is 30 t; then blowing for 10min by top-bottom combined blowing, wherein the top-blown oxygen pressure is 1.0MPa, and the oxygen lance flow is 20000Nm3Blowing nitrogen 10min before bottom blowing, and then switching to bottom blowing argon, wherein the flow rates of the nitrogen and the argon are both 45N m3And h, the pressure is 0.4MPa, 4.8t of limestone and 1.2t of dolomite are added during blowing, the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 3.5, and the continuous blowing is carried out to control the end-point components of molten steel to be: 0.06% of C, 0.028% of P, 0.032% of S and the balance of Fe;
(12) tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1660 ℃, the tapping time is 5min, no slag is discharged in the tapping process, 26.4kg of carburant, 60kg of aluminum block, 276kg of silicon-manganese alloy, 60kg of ferrosilicon alloy and 39.6kg of aluminum block are sequentially added when the depth of molten steel is 1/4 of the height of a steel ladle in the tapping process, the adding is finished when the molten steel is 3/4 of the steel ladle, the final yield of manganese element is 85 percent, the yield of silicon element is 75 percent, then 42t of lime and 9.6t of slag washing material are added, the slag alkalinity is controlled to be 3.2, and the components of the molten steel are as follows: 0.06% of C, 0.07% of Si, 0.28% of Mn, 0.024% of P, 0.031% of S, 0.028% of Al and the balance of Fe;
wherein, according to the mass percentage, the silicon content in the silicon-manganese alloy is 17.0 percent, the manganese content is 60.0 percent, the carbon content is 1.8 percent, the balance is iron, the silicon content in the silicon-iron alloy is 78 percent, and the granularity of the aluminum block, the silicon-manganese alloy and the silicon-iron alloy is 75 mm;
the slag washing material comprises 50 mass percent of CaO and Al2O3 27％、Al 22％、SiO2 1％；
(II) refining
(21) Controlling the temperature of molten steel in a ladle to be 1625 ℃, carrying out online bottom argon blowing, wherein the flow rate of argon blowing of the ladle is 130L/min, and the continuous casting temperature is 1630 ℃ when tapping is carried out under the argon pressure of 0.4 MPa;
(22) after molten steel enters a CAS furnace, the argon blowing flow is controlled to be 150L/min, the argon pressure is 0.4MPa, after argon blowing is carried out for 4min, the argon flow is adjusted to be 80L/min, the argon pressure is 0.3MPa, temperature measurement, sampling and analysis are carried out, after sampling is finished, the argon blowing flow is 250L/min, and the argon pressure is 0.4 MPa;
(23) adjusting components according to an analysis result, adding 240kg of silicomanganese 60kg of ferrosilicon and 24kg of carbon powder, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 300NL/min and the pressure to be 0.6MPa, stirring for 3min, adjusting the argon flow rate to be 80L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.2MPa, measuring the temperature and sampling, after the sampling is finished, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 250L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.4 MPa;
(24) according to the mass percentage, the control end point comprises the following components: 0.07% of C, 0.08% of Si, 0.27% of Mn, 0.026% of P, 0.030% of S, 0.018% of Al, 0.30% of Cr and the balance of Fe; controlling the oxygen volume concentration of the final product to be 40ppm and the nitrogen concentration to be 69, and then tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1600 ℃;
(25) pouring the steel into a ladle;
(III) continuous casting
The ladle temperature is 1605 ℃, the tundish temperature is 1547 ℃, the superheat degree is 32 ℃, the pouring time of the tundish is 23min, the pouring is carried out at a constant drawing speed, the drawing speed is 1.25m/min, and after the tundish is poured, a covering agent is added into the tundish molten steel when the tundish molten steel reaches the height of the tundish 2/3, so that the molten steel does not expose to red; the covering agent is purchased from Jiangyin Huilong metallurgy science and technology limited;
the thickness of a powder slag layer of the crystallizer casting slag is 15mm, the thickness of a liquid slag layer is 12mm, and the components of the cast strip steel are C0.068%, Si 0.043%, Mn 0.214%, P0.0122%, S0.003%, Al 0.018% and the balance of Fe.
Example 4
A production process of aluminum-containing low-carbon steel comprises the following steps:
converter primary smelting
(11) Firstly, adding molten iron into a converter, wherein the temperature of the molten iron in the converter is 1380 ℃, the contents of P and S in the molten iron are 0.142 percent and 0.048 percent according to the mass percentage, and then adding scrap steel into the molten iron, wherein the total loading amount of the molten iron and the scrap steel is 120t, and the scrap steel is 30 t; blowing for 15min by top-bottom combined blowing with top-blown oxygen pressure of 0.9MPa and oxygen lance flow of 25000Nm3Blowing nitrogen 8min before bottom blowing, and then switching to bottom blowing argon, wherein the flow rates of the nitrogen and the argon are both 50N m3And h, the pressure is 0.6MPa, 4.2t limestone and 1.44t dolomite are added during blowing, the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 3.8, and the continuous blowing is carried out to control the end-point components of molten steel as follows: 0.07% of C, 0.030% of P, 0.035% of S and the balance of Fe;
(12) tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1670 ℃, the tapping time is 5min, no slag is left in the tapping process, 37.2kg of carburant, 108kg of aluminum block, 300kg of silicon-manganese alloy, 51.6kg of silicon-iron alloy and 27.6kg of aluminum block are sequentially added when the depth of molten steel is 1/4 of the height of a steel ladle in the tapping process, the adding is finished when the molten steel is 3/4 of the steel ladle, the final yield of manganese element is 85 percent, the yield of silicon element is 75 percent, then 37.2t of lime and 8.4t of slag washing material are added, the alkalinity of slag is 3.4, and the components of the molten steel are as follows: 0.07% of C, 0.12% of Si, 0.27% of Mn, 0.029% of P, 0.034% of S, 0.030% of Al and the balance of Fe;
wherein, according to the mass percentage, the silicon content in the silicon-manganese alloy is 17.0 percent, the manganese content is 60.0 percent, the carbon content is 1.8 percent, the balance is iron, the silicon content in the silicon-iron alloy is 80 percent, and the granularity of the aluminum block, the silicon-manganese alloy and the silicon-iron alloy is 80 mm;
slag washing material according to mass percentCalculated by the ratio, comprises 50 percent of CaO and Al2O3 36％、Al 7％、SiO2 6.7％、S 0.3％；
(II) refining
(21) Controlling the temperature of molten steel in a ladle to be 1635 ℃, carrying out online bottom argon blowing, wherein the argon blowing flow of the ladle is 150L/min, the argon pressure is 0.4MPa, and the continuous casting temperature is 1625 ℃ during tapping;
(22) after molten steel enters a CAS furnace, the argon blowing flow is controlled to be 250L/min, the argon pressure is 0.3MPa, after argon blowing is carried out for 4min, the argon flow is adjusted to be 100L/min, the argon pressure is 0.2MPa, temperature measurement, sampling and analysis are carried out, after sampling is finished, the argon blowing flow is 220L/min, and the argon pressure is 0.3 MPa;
(23) adjusting components according to an analysis result, adding 36kg of ferrosilicon, 120kg of silicomanganese and 12kg of carbon powder, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 300NL/min and the pressure to be 0.6MPa, stirring for 3min, adjusting the argon flow rate to be 100L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.3MPa, measuring the temperature and sampling, after the sampling is finished, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 220L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.4 MPa;
(24) according to the mass percentage, the control end point comprises the following components: 0.05% of C, 0.11% of Si, 0.26% of Mn, 0.024% of P, 0.028% of S, 0.014% of Al, 0.25% of Cr and the balance of Fe; controlling the oxygen volume concentration of the final product to be 38ppm and the nitrogen concentration to be 55ppm, and then tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1605 ℃;
(25) pouring the steel into a ladle;
(III) continuous casting
The ladle temperature is 1600 ℃, the tundish temperature is 1557 ℃, the superheat degree is 20 ℃, the pouring time of the tundish is 20min, the pouring is carried out at a constant drawing speed, the drawing speed is 1.11m/min, and after the tundish is poured, a covering agent is added into the molten steel of the tundish when the molten steel of the tundish reaches the height of 2/3 of the tundish, so that the molten steel does not expose to red; the covering agent is purchased from Jiangyin Huilong metallurgy science and technology limited;
the thickness of a powder slag layer of Q215 casting slag adopted by the crystallizer casting slag is 45mm, the thickness of a liquid slag layer is 11mm, and the components of the cast strip steel are 0.061 percent of C, 0.067 percent of Si, 0.265 percent of Mn, 0.029 percent of P, 0.004 percent of S, 0.32 percent of Al and the balance of Fe.
Example 5
A process for producing an aluminum-containing low carbon steel, which differs from example 1 in that in step (24), the molten steel has end-point components of C0.03%, Si 0.08, Mn 0.25%, P0.027%, S0.030%, Al 0.012%, Cr 0.25%, and the balance Fe, and in this case, an iron-calcium wire of 150m is fed to a CAS furnace for 40 seconds so that the end-point components of the refined final molten steel are C0.05%, Si 0.09, Mn 0.24%, P0.028%, S0.030%, Al 0.012%, Cr 0.24%, and the balance Fe, and the remaining steps are unchanged.
Example 6
A process for producing aluminum-containing low carbon steel, which is different from that of example 1, in that the end point composition of the molten steel in step (24) is C0.04%, Si 0.11, Mn 0.23%, P0.029%, S0.034%, Al 0.016%, Cr 0.26%, and the balance Fe, and in this case, an iron-calcium wire is fed into the CAS furnace for 20 seconds at a time of 100m so that the end point composition of the refined molten steel is C0.06%, Si 0.10, Mn 0.27%, P0.021%, S0.026%, Al 0.014%, Cr 0.27%, and the balance Fe, and the remaining steps are unchanged.
Example 7
A process for producing an aluminum-containing low carbon steel, which is different from that of example 1, in that in step (24), the molten steel has end-point components of C0.03%, Si 0.11, Mn 0.23%, P0.021%, S0.027%, Al 0.010%, Cr 0.23%, and the balance Fe, and in this case, a 200 m-wire of calcium iron is fed to a CAS furnace for 66S so that the end-point components of the molten steel at the end of refining are C0.07%, Si 0.09, Mn 0.26%, P0.021%, S0.020%, Al 0.015%, Cr 0.21%, and the balance Fe, and the other steps are the same.
Example 8
The difference between the production process of aluminum-containing low-carbon steel and the embodiment 1 is that argon is blown to the bottom in the whole process when top-bottom combined blowing is carried out, and the rest is the same.
Example 9
The production process of the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that 23.75kg of carbon powder, 75kg of aluminum block and 275kg of silicon-manganese alloy are included in the step (12), and the rest is the same.
Example 10
The production process of the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is different from that of the embodiment 1 in that only lime is adopted as an auxiliary material in the step (12), the addition amount of the lime is 350kg, and the balance is unchanged.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the basicity of the slag in the primary converter step (11) was 2.5.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the basicity of slag in the primary converter refining step (11) was 4.0.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the argon blowing flow rate in step (22) was 140L/min and the argon pressure was 0.2MPa, and in step (23), the composition was adjusted according to the composition analysis result, and alloy was added, and the argon blowing flow rate was adjusted to 200L/min and the pressure was 0.3 MPa.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that in step (22), the flow rate of argon blowing was 160L/min and the argon pressure was 0.5MPa, and in step (23), composition adjustment was performed based on the results of composition analysis, alloying was performed, and the flow rate of argon blowing was 400L/min and the pressure was 0.8 MPa.
Performance detection
First, 20 strip steel samples obtained in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were respectively tested for tensile strength, yield strength and elongation, and the test results are shown in table 1, and the test for tensile strength, yield strength and elongation was carried out according to the relevant regulations in GB/T228.1-2010.
TABLE 1 band steel Performance test results Table
| Item | Tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation/percent | Room temperature, transverse directionCold bending d 0 |
| Example 1 | 425 | 372 | 56 | The percent of pass is 95 percent |
| Example 2 | 420 | 370 | 54 | The percent of pass is 94 percent |
| Example 3 | 430 | 375 | 57 | The percent of pass is 97 percent |
| Example 4 | 425 | 370 | 60 | The percent of pass is 91 percent |
| Example 5 | 430 | 380 | 56 | The percent of pass is 93 percent |
| Example 6 | 420 | 370 | 56 | The percent of pass is 89 percent |
| Example 7 | 425 | 375 | 59 | The percent of pass is 95 percent |
| Example 8 | 415 | 365 | 53 | The percent of pass is 86 percent |
| Example 9 | 412 | 360 | 55 | The percent of pass is 85 percent |
| Example 10 | 405 | 365 | 55 | The percent of pass is 80 percent |
| Comparative example 1 | 380 | 274 | 42 | The percent of pass is 62 percent |
| Comparative example 2 | 395 | 256 | 38 | The percent of pass is 75 percent |
| Comparative example 3 | 378 | 265 | 36 | The percent of pass is 80 percent |
| Comparative example 4 | 381 | 268 | 40 | The percent of pass is 80 percent |
Note: d-0 refers to the performance of the sample after being folded in half without cracking the surface, wherein the yield refers to the ratio of the number of the cracks in a batch of the material to the total amount of the cracks.
As can be seen from Table 1, the steel strips obtained by the preparation processes of examples 1-10 of the present application have good tensile strength, yield strength and elongation, which indicates that the steel strips obtained by the preparation processes of the present application not only have low carbon and low silicon, but also can ensure the mechanical properties of the steel strips. The tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation in the comparative examples 1 to 4 are lower than those in the examples of the application, so that the slag alkalinity in the primary smelting of the converter and the argon blowing flow rate in the refining can effectively ensure the removal of impurities in the strip steel, and the strip steel has good plasticity.
Secondly, the non-metallic inclusions in the steel strips obtained in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were measured, and the results of the measurements are shown in Table 2. The detection of the non-metallic inclusions in the steel is carried out according to the relevant regulations in GB/T10561-2005, Standard rating Picture microscopy for the determination of the content of non-metallic inclusions in steel. A is sulfide inclusion; b is alumina inclusions; c is silicate inclusions; d is a spherical oxide inclusion; DS is a single-particle spherical inclusion.
TABLE 2 evaluation of nonmetallic inclusions in strip steels
As can be seen from Table 2, the A, B, C, D types of fine inclusions, the A, B, C, D types of coarse inclusions and the DS type inclusions in the strip steels obtained in the embodiments 1-10 are all less than or equal to 1.0 grade, and 0 grade respectively, and the structure grain size of the strip steels obtained in the embodiments 1-10 is more than or equal to 8.0 grade, which indicates that the preparation process of the present application can not only reduce the non-metallic inclusions in the steel and improve the purity of the molten steel, but also can refine grains and make the structures of the strip steels uniform.
As can be seen from Table 2, the grades of A, B, C, D fine inclusions in the steel strips obtained in comparative examples 1 to 4 are all higher than the grade of inclusions in example 1 of the present application, the grain size grade of the structure is below 6.5, and the structure grains are coarse, so that the preparation method of the present application can effectively ensure the purity of molten steel and can also refine the structure grains.
And thirdly, the steel strips obtained in the examples 1 to 10 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 are subjected to tissue defect detection according to a YB/T4003-2016 lower multiple tissue defect rating chart of continuous casting steel plate blanks, and the detection results are shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 detection table for tissue defects of strip steel
As can be seen from Table 3, no triangular region cracks, intermediate cracks, corner cracks and surface cracks are found in the examples of the application except for center porosity and center segregation, which indicates that the steel strip obtained by the preparation process of the application has good tissue and ensures the mechanical properties of the steel strip.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation process of the low-carbon steel containing aluminum is characterized by comprising the following preparation methods:
converter primary smelting
(11) According to the mass percentage, P in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.150 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.050 percent, blowing is carried out by top-bottom combined blowing after scrap steel is added into the molten iron, slag making materials are added during blowing, the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 2.8-3.8, and the continuous blowing is carried out to control the terminal components of the molten steel of the converter to be: less than or equal to 0.07 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S and the balance of Fe;
(12) tapping, wherein the tapping temperature is 1650-;
(II) refining
(21) After molten steel enters a CAS furnace, the flow rate of argon blowing is controlled to be 150-250L/min, the argon pressure is 0.3-0.4MPa, after argon blowing is carried out for 2-4min, the flow rate of argon is adjusted to be 30-100L/min, the argon pressure is 0.2-0.3MPa, and temperature measurement, sampling and analysis are carried out;
(22) adjusting the components according to the analysis result, adding a second alloy, adjusting the argon blowing flow rate to be 350L/min and the pressure to be 0.4-0.6MPa, stirring for 2-3min, adjusting the argon flow rate to be 30-100L/min and the argon pressure to be 0.2-0.3MPa, measuring the temperature and sampling;
(23) according to the mass percentage, the control end point comprises the following components: 0.05 to 0.07 percent of C, 0.08 to 0.12 percent of Si, 0.23 to 0.27 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S, 0.010 to 0.020 percent of Al, less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Cr, and the balance of Fe; the volume concentration of oxygen is controlled to be 33-45ppm, the volume concentration of nitrogen is controlled to be 40-69ppm, and the tapping temperature is 1595-1605 ℃;
and (III) continuous casting.
2. According to the claimsThe preparation process of the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel in claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the blowing in the step (11) adopts a top-bottom combined blowing mode, the blowing is 10-15min, the top blowing oxygen pressure is 0.5-1.0MPa, and the oxygen lance flow is 20000-30000Nm3Blowing nitrogen 5-10min before bottom blowing, and then switching to bottom blowing argon, wherein the flow rates of the nitrogen and the argon are both 40-50N m3The pressure is 0.4-0.6 MPa.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is prepared by the following steps: in the step (12), the first alloy sequentially comprises 0.19-0.30kg/t of carburant, 0.5-1.0kg/t of aluminum block, 2.0-2.5kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy and 0.4-0.5kg/t of silicon-iron alloy according to the adding sequence; the adding time is 1/4 when the depth of the molten steel is the height of the ladle, and the adding is finished when the molten steel is added into the ladle 3/4; wherein the yield of the manganese element is 85 percent, and the yield of the silicon element is 75 percent.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is prepared by the following steps: in the step (12), the auxiliary materials comprise 350kg/t of lime 300-sand, 50-100kg/t of slag washing material, and the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 3.0-3.5.
5. The process according to claim 4, wherein the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is prepared by the following steps: the slag washing material comprises, by mass, 37-50% of CaO and Al2O3 27-36%、Al 7-22%、SiO2 0-7%、S≤0.3%。
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is prepared by the following steps: in the step (12), the temperature of molten steel in the ladle is controlled to be 1615-1635 ℃, argon is blown on line at the bottom, the flow rate of argon blown by the ladle is 100-150L/min, the argon pressure is 0.2-0.4MPa, and the continuous casting temperature is 1595-1630 ℃ during tapping.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is prepared by the following steps: in the step (21) and the step (22), the argon blowing flow rate is 150-250L/min after the sampling is finished, and the argon pressure is 0.3-0.4 MPa.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is prepared by the following steps: in the step (22), the second alloy comprises 0.1-0.5kg/t ferrosilicon, 0.5-2.0kg/t silicomanganese and 0.1-0.5kg/t carburant.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel is prepared by the following steps: in the step (23), when C in the end point composition is less than 0.05%, feeding an iron-calcium line to the CAS furnace for 100-200m for 20-66 s.
10. An aluminum-containing low-carbon steel obtained by the process for producing an aluminum-containing low-carbon steel according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the chemical components of the aluminum-containing low-carbon steel comprise, by mass, 0.05-0.07% of C, 0.07-0.12% of Si, 0.23-0.28% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.035% of S, 0.005-0.015% of Al, less than or equal to 0.30% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.30% of Cu, and the balance of Fe.
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