CN113980069B - Method for extracting geraniin from rambutan peel and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for extracting geraniin from rambutan peel and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp and application thereof. According to the invention, the diisooctyl sodium sulfonate succinate is added into the extraction solvent, so that the dissolution of the active ingredient geraniin in the rambutan pericarp can be effectively increased, the yield of the geraniin is improved, the use of the extraction solvent can be greatly reduced, and the residual amount of the extraction solvent in the extraction product is reduced; the whole process has mild conditions and avoids strong light stimulation, can avoid the loss of the geraniin with strong heat sensitivity caused by high temperature and reduce the degradation of the geraniin caused by ultraviolet rays; the whole process does not use an easy-to-poison reagent, has simple operation, environmental protection and low cost, is suitable for industrial production, and has high purity, recovery rate and yield of the obtained product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extraction of plant active ingredients, in particular to a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp and application thereof.
Background
Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum l.) belongs to the genus sapindus of the family Sapindaceae (sapindacenae), a very well known tropical fruit, because of its peel length Man Gongmao, also known as "rambutan" and "rambutan"; rambutan is native to the peninsula malayan, is now widely distributed in tropical areas such as southeast Asia and America, and is cultivated in areas such as Hainan and Guangzhou of China. The red rambutan is introduced in the middle of the early century in China, and is popularized and planted on a large scale, and the scale is enlarged year by year. The rambutan pericarp accounts for 45.7% of the weight of the fruit, is a by-product of food industry processing, and is often discarded.
The rambutan pericarp has rich phenolic substances (58.2 wt% of the pericarp) and good bioactivity, and can be developed into a natural antioxidant widely applied in the industries of foods, cosmetics and medicines.
Geraniin is a yellow crystalline compound, belongs to polyphenols, and has molecular formula of C 41 H 28 O 27 ±5H 2 O, the relative molecular weight of 952.46, is one of the main components of the rambutan pericarp extract.
The geraniin has the following biological activities: 1. has strong free radical scavenging ability and tumor inhibiting effect, and is considered as a potential preventive agent for cancer; 2. has antiviral and antibacterial effects, and has obvious HIV-1, HSV and hepatitis B virus inhibiting ability; 3. has antihypertensive activity, antiulcer property, capability of stimulating skin fibroblast and cornea nucleated cells, and in-vitro antihyperglycemic activity. The geraniin has good biological activity and good taste without irritating astringency, so that the geraniin has great potential application value in the industries of nutrition and health care products, medicines and cosmetics.
The content of the geraniin in the rambutan pericarp is rich, so that the rambutan pericarp becomes an ideal source for extracting and purifying the geraniin. At present, the method for purifying geraniin can produce relatively high-purity geraniin, but the yield does not meet the requirements.
The Chinese patent application with publication number of CN107573390A discloses a preparation method of a crude extract of geraniin, which takes rambutan pericarp of the genus of the family Sapindaceae as a raw material, ethanol solution as an extractant, ultrasonic assisted extraction and freeze drying to obtain a crude extract product of geraniin; however, this method does not further separate and purify the monomeric compounds, and the content of geraniin in the crude extract obtained is not high.
The Chinese patent application with publication number of CN102146103A discloses a method for separating geraniin from geranium by using high-speed countercurrent chromatography, which comprises the specific processes of geraniin extraction, concentration and high-speed countercurrent chromatography separation, wherein the geraniin with purity of 91% can be obtained by the method, and the yield can reach 82%; however, the equipment used in this method is expensive and costly.
The Chinese patent application with publication number of CN101849978A discloses an extraction technology of active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine geranium, wherein the method combines a homogenization crushing high-efficiency enzymolysis technology with a negative pressure cavitation auxiliary extraction technology to obtain geranium extract rich in three polyphenol active ingredients, wherein the content of geraniin can reach 19.82mg/g at the highest, and the ratio of heat reflux extraction is improved by 30-67%; however, the extraction conditions of this process are harsh, special equipment is required and the process does not allow further purification of geraniin.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp comprises,
adding rambutan peel powder into an extraction solvent containing sodium diisooctyl sulfosuccinate, sequentially concentrating the extraction solution, diluting with water, centrifuging, and finally performing aftertreatment on the obtained supernatant.
Specifically, in the technical scheme, the content of the geraniin in the rambutan pericarp powder is 12.5-15wt%.
In the technical scheme, the addition amount of the diisooctyl succinate sodium sulfonate in the extraction solvent is 0.1-5wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the addition amount of the sodium diisooctyl succinate in the extraction solvent is 0.1 to 1wt%.
In the above technical scheme, the extraction solvent is an alcohol aqueous solution.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the extraction solvent is an aqueous 20-70wt% ethanol solution.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the extraction solvent is a 30-50wt% aqueous ethanol solution.
Further, in the technical scheme, the adding amount of the extracting solvent is controlled to be 1 g/10-15 ml.
Still further, in the above technical solution, the extraction is ultrasonic extraction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic power, the extraction temperature and the extraction time are controlled to be 300-500W, 20-45 ℃ and 7.5-60min, respectively, during the ultrasonic extraction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of times of ultrasonic extraction is 2 to 3.
Still further, in the above technical scheme, the grain size of the rambutan pericarp powder is 20-50 mesh.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the rambutan pericarp powder comprises the following steps:
drying cleaned rambutan pericarp at 40-50deg.C to constant weight, pulverizing, and sieving with 20-50 mesh sieve.
Still further, in the above technical solution, the post-treatment includes,
sequentially passing the supernatant through anion exchange resin column and cation exchange resin column, sequentially concentrating the obtained column-passing liquid with ultrafiltration membrane and nanofiltration membrane, collecting the trapped liquid, adjusting ethanol concentration, crystallizing at 2-10deg.C, filtering, washing filter cake with deionized water, and drying.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anion exchange resin column is one of the type D201, type D301 and type LX-22 anion exchange resin columns, and correspondingly, the cation exchange resin column is one of the type D001, type D113 and type 001x 8 cation exchange resin columns.
Specifically, in the technical scheme, the flow rate of the supernatant passing through the anion exchange resin column and the cation exchange resin column is 0.5-3BV/h.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafiltration membrane and nanofiltration membrane are an ultrafiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut-off of 2000-20000 daltons and a nanofiltration membrane having a molecular weight cut-off of 100-600 daltons, respectively.
Specifically, in the technical scheme, the volume of the trapped fluid obtained after concentration by the nanofiltration membrane is 0.3-0.6ml corresponding to 1g of rambutan pericarp powder.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the concentration of ethanol in the retentate is adjusted to 10-40wt%.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the time and number of crystallization is 15-30h and 1-2 times, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying is performed by vacuum drying or microwave drying at a temperature of 40-50 ℃ under a vacuum of more than-0.085 Mpa.
Specifically, in the technical scheme, in the process of extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, the illumination intensity of the environment is controlled to be less than 8001x.
The invention also provides an application of the method in extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, the diisooctyl sodium sulfonate succinate is added into the extraction solvent, so that the dissolution of the active ingredient geraniin in the rambutan pericarp can be effectively increased, the yield of the geraniin is improved, the use of the extraction solvent can be greatly reduced, and the residual amount of the extraction solvent in the extraction product is reduced;
(2) According to the method for extracting the geraniin from the rambutan pericarp, the conditions from raw material drying to extraction and purification are mild, the loss of the geraniin with strong heat sensitivity in the heating process caused by high temperature can be avoided, strong light stimulation is avoided in the whole process, the degradation of the geraniin caused by ultraviolet rays can be effectively reduced, and the yield is greatly improved;
(3) The method for extracting the geraniin from the rambutan pericarp provided by the invention does not use an easy-to-poison reagent, has mild extraction and purification conditions, is simple to operate, is environment-friendly and low in cost, is suitable for industrial production, and has the purity of the prepared geraniin product of more than 98%, the recovery rate and the yield of more than 95% and more than 12%, and the practical application prospect is wide.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the examples, all means used are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.
In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The reagents and apparatus used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are commercially available products.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which comprises the following steps:
s1, washing and drying
Cleaning collected rambutan pericarp, vacuum drying at 50deg.C to constant weight, pulverizing, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain rambutan pericarp powder;
s2, extracting and concentrating
Weighing 1000g of dried rambutan peel powder, adding the 1000g of dried rambutan peel powder into 15L of ethanol water solution (40 wt%) containing 0.5wt% of diisooctyl succinate sodium sulfonate, mixing uniformly, repeating the steps for 2 times in advance at 30 ℃ and 400W of ultrasonic power for 10min each time, filtering the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment, combining to obtain an extract, concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol in the extract until no ethanol smell exists, adding deionized water with 2 times of volume, diluting, centrifuging to remove insoluble matters, and taking supernatant;
s3, ion exchange
Sequentially loading the supernatant obtained in the step S2 on a D201 type anion exchange resin column and a D001 type cation exchange resin column, wherein the flow rate of the upper column is 1BV/h, expelling residual liquid in the column by using 1BV pure water, collecting effluent liquid and water expelling liquid, and combining;
s4, ultrafiltration
The effluent liquid and the water expelling liquid obtained in the step S3 are passed through an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cut-off of 5000 daltons, and the filtrate is collected to obtain ultrafiltrate;
s5, concentrating and crystallizing
Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to 500mL with nanofiltration membrane with molecular weight cut-off of 400 daltons, collecting the cut-off solution, adjusting ethanol content in the cut-off solution to 10wt%, crystallizing at 4deg.C for 20h, filtering to obtain filter cake, and washing the filter cake with 3 times volume (about 1000 mL) of cold deionized water to obtain target component geraniin;
s6, drying
Vacuum drying the filter cake after suction filtration and washing under vacuum degree of-0.090 Mpa at 40deg.C to obtain geraniin, and storing in a dark place at low temperature.
Specifically, the extraction processes including steps S1-S6 are all performed in a non-strong light (illumination intensity is less than 800 lx) environment.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which comprises the following steps:
s1, washing and drying
Cleaning collected rambutan pericarp, vacuum drying at 40deg.C to constant weight, pulverizing, and sieving with 50 mesh sieve to obtain rambutan pericarp powder;
s2, extracting and concentrating
Weighing 5000g of dried rambutan peel powder, adding into 60L of ethanol water solution (45 wt%) containing 0.4wt% of diisooctyl succinate sodium sulfonate, mixing uniformly, repeating 2 times in advance at 45 ℃ and 350W ultrasonic power for 8min each time, filtering the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment, combining to obtain an extract, concentrating under reduced pressure to recover ethanol in the extract until no ethanol smell exists, adding deionized water with 2.5 times of volume, diluting, centrifuging to remove insoluble substances, and taking supernatant;
s3, ion exchange
Sequentially loading the supernatant obtained in the step S2 on a D301 type anion exchange resin column and a D113 type cation exchange resin column, wherein the flow rate of the upper column is 1.5BV/h, expelling residual liquid in the column by using 1BV pure water, collecting effluent liquid and water expelling liquid, and combining;
s4, ultrafiltration
The effluent liquid and the water expelling liquid obtained in the step S3 are passed through an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cut-off of 4000 daltons, and the filtrate is collected to obtain ultrafiltrate;
s5, concentrating and crystallizing
Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to 3000ml with nanofiltration membrane with molecular weight cut-off of 500 daltons, collecting the cut-off solution, adjusting ethanol content in the cut-off solution to 15wt%, crystallizing at 4deg.C for 18h, filtering to obtain filter cake, and washing the filter cake with 3 times of cold deionized water to obtain target component geraniin;
s6, drying
Vacuum drying the filter cake after suction filtration and washing under vacuum degree of-0.090 Mpa at 45deg.C to obtain geraniin, and storing in a dark place at low temperature.
Specifically, the extraction processes including steps S1 to S6 are all performed in a non-intense light (illumination intensity is less than 8001×) environment.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which comprises the following steps:
s1, washing and drying
Cleaning collected rambutan pericarp, vacuum drying at 45deg.C to constant weight, pulverizing, and sieving with 40 mesh sieve to obtain rambutan pericarp powder;
s2, extracting and concentrating
10000g of dried rambutan peel powder is weighed, added into 120L of ethanol water solution (40 wt%) containing 0.6wt% of diisooctyl succinate sodium sulfonate, mixed uniformly, repeated for 2 times in advance at 30 ℃ and 500W of ultrasonic power for 10min each time, the mixed solution after ultrasonic treatment is filtered and combined to obtain an extract, ethanol in the extract is recovered by concentrating under reduced pressure until no ethanol smell exists, 1.8 times of deionized water is added for dilution, insoluble matters are removed by centrifugation, and supernatant is taken;
s3, ion exchange
Sequentially loading the supernatant obtained in the step S2 on an LX-22 type anion exchange resin column and a 001X 8 type cation exchange resin column, wherein the flow rate of the upper column is 1.2BV/h, expelling residual liquid in the column by using 1BV pure water, collecting effluent and water expelling liquid, and combining;
s4, ultrafiltration
The effluent liquid and the water expelling liquid obtained in the step S3 are passed through an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cut-off of 5000 daltons, and the filtrate is collected to obtain ultrafiltrate;
s5, concentrating and crystallizing
Concentrating the ultrafiltrate to 5000ml with nanofiltration membrane with molecular weight cut-off of 400 daltons, collecting the cut-off solution, adjusting ethanol content in the cut-off solution to 10wt%, crystallizing at 4deg.C for 25h, filtering to obtain filter cake, and washing the filter cake with 3 times volume of cold deionized water to obtain target component geraniin;
s6, drying
Vacuum drying the filter cake after suction filtration and washing under vacuum degree of-0.090 Mpa at 45deg.C to obtain geraniin, and storing in a dark place at low temperature.
Specifically, the extraction processes including steps S1 to S6 are all performed in a non-intense light (illumination intensity is less than 8001×) environment.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which has the same specific steps as in example 1, except that in step S2, the extraction solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution (40 wt%) free of sodium diisooctyl succinate.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which has the same specific steps as in example 1, except that in step S2, the extraction solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution (75 wt%) free of diisooctyl sodium sulfosuccinate.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which has the same specific steps as in example 1, except that in step S2, the extraction solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution (40 wt%) containing 0.5wt% tween 60.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which has the same specific steps as in example 1, except that in step S2, the extraction solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution (40 wt%) containing 0.5wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which has the same specific steps as in example 1, except that in step S2, the extraction solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution (40 wt%) containing 0.5wt% span 20.
Comparative example 6
The present comparative example provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which has the specific steps identical to those of example 2, except that in step S2, rambutan pericarp powder is added into an extraction solvent, mixed uniformly, heated and refluxed at 90 ℃ for extraction for 90min, and the mixed solution is filtered and combined to obtain an extract.
Comparative example 7
The present comparative example provides a method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, which has the specific steps the same as those of example 2, except that in step S6, the filter cake after suction filtration and washing is oven dried at 80 ℃ to obtain geraniin, and stored in a low temperature light-shielding place.
The geraniin products prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were weighed.
The purity of the geraniin products prepared in the above examples and comparative examples was checked by HPLC method.
The detection conditions in the HPLC method are described in the text of "RP-HPLC method for determining the content of geraniin in Centipeda minima", published by Liu Yu, yang Yanfang and Wu Hezhen et al, wherein the chromatographic column is a Kromasil C18 column (46 mm. Times.250 mm,7 μm), the mobile phase is a mixture of methanol and water (volume ratio of 55:45), the flow rate is 1ml/min, the detection wavelength is 220nm, the sample injection amount is 20. Mu.l, and the column temperature is 25 ℃.
Specific detection results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 weight and purity of geraniin products prepared in examples and comparative examples
The results of table 1 were analyzed in comparison, and it can be seen that:
(1) According to the embodiment of the invention, the surfactant sodium diisooctyl succinate is added into the extraction solvent, so that the dissolution of the active ingredient geraniin in the rambutan pericarp can be effectively increased, the yield of the geraniin is improved, the use of the extraction solvent can be greatly reduced, and the residual amount of the extraction solvent in an extraction product is reduced;
(2) According to the method for extracting the geraniin from the rambutan pericarp, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the conditions from raw material drying to extraction and purification are mild, the loss of the geraniin with strong heat sensitivity in the heating process caused by high temperature can be avoided, strong light stimulation is avoided in the whole process, the degradation of the geraniin caused by ultraviolet rays can be effectively reduced, and the yield is greatly improved;
(3) The method for extracting the geraniin from the rambutan pericarp provided by the embodiment of the invention does not use an easy-to-poison reagent, has mild extraction and purification conditions, is simple to operate, is green and environment-friendly, has low cost, is suitable for industrial production, and has the purity of the prepared geraniin product of more than 98%, the recovery rate and the yield of more than 95% and more than 12%, respectively, and has wide practical application prospect.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp is characterized in that,
comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
adding rambutan peel powder into an extraction solvent containing sodium diisooctyl succinate, sequentially concentrating the extraction solution after extraction, diluting with water, centrifuging, and finally performing aftertreatment on the obtained supernatant;
the addition amount of the diisooctyl succinate sodium sulfonate in the extraction solvent is 0.1-1 wt%;
the extraction solvent is 20-70wt% ethanol water solution;
the adding amount of the extracting solvent is controlled to control the feed liquid ratio to be 1 g:10-15, ml;
the extraction is ultrasonic extraction;
in the ultrasonic extraction process, controlling ultrasonic power, extraction temperature and extraction time to be 300-500W, 20-45 ℃ and 7.5-60min respectively;
the post-treatment may comprise a step of,
sequentially passing the supernatant through an anion exchange resin column and a cation exchange resin column, sequentially concentrating the obtained column passing liquid with an ultrafiltration membrane and a nanofiltration membrane, collecting the trapped liquid and adjusting the ethanol concentration of the trapped liquid, crystallizing at 2-10 ℃, filtering, washing the filter cake with deionized water, and drying to obtain the product;
in the process of extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp, the illumination intensity of the environment is controlled to be less than 800 lx.
2. The method for extracting geraniin from rambutan peel according to claim 1, wherein,
the extraction solvent is 30-50wt% ethanol water solution.
3. The method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp according to any one of claim 1-2, wherein,
the times of ultrasonic extraction are 2-3 times.
4. The method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp according to any one of claim 1-2, wherein,
the preparation method of the rambutan pericarp powder comprises the following steps:
drying cleaned rambutan pericarp at 40-50deg.C to constant weight, pulverizing, and sieving with 20-50 mesh sieve.
5. The method for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that,
the anion exchange resin column is one of D201 type, D301 type and LX-22 type anion exchange resin columns, and correspondingly, the cation exchange resin column is one of D001 type, D113 type and 001X 8 type cation exchange resin columns;
and/or the ultrafiltration membrane and the nanofiltration membrane are respectively an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 2000-20000 daltons and a nanofiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 100-600 daltons;
and/or the concentration of ethanol in the trapped fluid is adjusted to be 10-40 wt%;
and/or the time and the times of crystallization are respectively 15-30h and 1-2 times;
and/or the drying mode is vacuum drying or microwave drying under the vacuum degree of more than-0.085 Mpa and the temperature of 40-50 ℃.
6. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1-5 for extracting geraniin from rambutan pericarp.
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| CN101653463B (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-09-28 | 延边大学 | Extraction and purification method of tannin components in Geranium wilfordii |
| CN102146103B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2015-06-17 | 天津天士力现代中药资源有限公司 | Method for separating geraniin from geranium wilfordii through high-speed countercurrent chromatography |
| CN101849978B (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2012-07-04 | 东北林业大学 | Method for extracting polyphenol active ingredient in geranium wilfordii through high-efficiency enzyme induction |
| JP2012121858A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-28 | Kyoko Koizumi | Method for efficiently extracting and purifying active ingredient in geranium thunbergii with high purity, and creation of dpph radial complementary agent, sod activity-like agent, melanine synthesis inhibitor, discoloring preventing agent and enzyme inhibitor using the active ingredient |
| CN107573390A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2018-01-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of geraniin crude extract |
| FR3069779A1 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-08 | Basf Beauty Care Solutions France Sas | USE OF A NEPHELIUM LAPPACEUM PERICARP EXTRACT FOR MOISTURIZING SKIN AND / OR MUCOUS MEMBRANES |
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