CN113979758A - 一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料 - Google Patents
一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113979758A CN113979758A CN202111241150.8A CN202111241150A CN113979758A CN 113979758 A CN113979758 A CN 113979758A CN 202111241150 A CN202111241150 A CN 202111241150A CN 113979758 A CN113979758 A CN 113979758A
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- Prior art keywords
- refractory material
- oxide
- titanium dioxide
- spinel
- weight ratio
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- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- VQCBHWLJZDBHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Er]O[Er]=O VQCBHWLJZDBHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K ammonium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LCQXXBOSCBRNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001116 FEMA 4028 Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960004853 betadex Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZXGIFJXRQHZCGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Er+3].[Er+3] ZXGIFJXRQHZCGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- -1 magnesium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910001691 hercynite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);dicarbonate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O XJUNLJFOHNHSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 abstract description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009661 fatigue test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HSEYYGFJBLWFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylsulfanyl-2-[(2-methylsulfanylpyridine-3-carbonyl)amino]butanoic acid Chemical compound CSCCC(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1SC HSEYYGFJBLWFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其原料包括8‑5mm镁铝尖晶石、5‑3mm镁铝尖晶石、3‑1mm镁铝尖晶石、1‑0.088mm镁铝尖晶石、0.088‑0.02mm镁铝尖晶石、<0.02mm镁铝尖晶石、5‑3mm铁铝尖晶石、3‑1mm铁铝尖晶石、1‑0mm铁铝尖晶石、镁砂超细粉、α‑氧化铝微粉、硅灰、氮化硅、碳酸锆、氧化锆、减水剂、外加剂、水;外加剂为二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的混合物。本发明提出的水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其强度高、抗侵蚀性能好、热震稳定性高,使用寿命长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料。
背景技术
随着水泥生产技术的不断更新,水泥生产主要设备回转窑已向大型化长寿化发展,在水泥生产过程中,要想保证窑的正常运转并延长运转周期,其正确、合理地选择以及使用水泥窑用耐火材料至关重要。在水泥煅烧的过程中,温度变化很大,要求所用耐火材料结构致密,能抗热震,有较高的热震稳定性能,且在水泥煅烧的过程中,水泥窑和物料的重量及转动使耐火材料承受很大的负荷,同时高温流动的气流和物料不断地对耐火材料衬里冲刷,要求耐火材料有较高的强度。随着水泥煅烧工艺技术的发展,一些耐火材料的新产品相继开发出来并被广泛应用,但是仍存在强度低、抗侵蚀性能欠佳等缺陷,限制了其应用。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其强度高、抗侵蚀性能好、热震稳定性高,使用寿命长。
本发明提出的一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其原料按重量份包括:
其中,所述外加剂为二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的混合物。
优选地,所述镁铝尖晶石为Al2O3的质量含量为75-90%的烧结镁铝尖晶石与Al2O3的质量含量为75-85%的电熔镁铝尖晶石按重量比为5-11:1-3的混合物;具体选择特定氧化铝含量的尖晶石配合,使所得材料的晶粒尺寸大、晶界结合力强、高温强度高、抗蠕变性好。
优选地,所述镁砂超细粉的粒径<0.02mm;所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒径<0.02mm。
优选地,所述氧化锆为改性的氧化锆空心球;所述改性的氧化锆空心球的制备工艺包括以下步骤:将磷酸、硫酸铝铵与水混合,加入氧化锆空心球浸泡30-60min,干燥后在1600-1680℃下保温3-8h,降温至室温得到物料A;将物料A、硝酸铈在乙醇溶液中混合均匀,升温至250-290℃保温2-5h得到物料B;将物料B在氮气的保护下升温至450-500℃,停止加热,通入氢气,加热并同时通入氢气与一氧化碳的混合气,在750-800℃下保温100-150min,然后将混合气切换为氮气并停止加热、冷却得到物料C;将物料C、水与乙醇混合均匀,加入硅烷偶联剂KH-550和硬脂酸,超声分散30-90min,在55-65℃下搅拌反应150-250min,离心、醇洗、干燥得到所述改性的氧化锆空心球。
优选地,制备物料A时,所述磷酸、硫酸铝铵、水的重量比为9-17:5-12:70-85;在制备物料B时,物料A、硝酸铈的重量比为1:0.1-0.38;在制备物料C时,混合气中,氢气、一氧化碳的体积比为1:3-3.5;物料C、硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硬脂酸的重量比为80-100:1-4:2-5。
优选地,所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、聚羧酸减水剂与β-环糊精按重量比为4-10:5-15:0.5-3的混合物。
优选地,所述二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量比为2-10:1-8:3-12:8-20。
优选地,所述二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量满足以下关系式:M二氧化钛+M氧化铒=M铝粉-1.5×M氧化钇,其中,M二氧化钛、M氧化铒、M铝粉、M氧化钇分别为二氧化钛、氧化铒、铝粉与氧化钇的重量。
优选地,所述二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的粒径均为300-350目。
镁铝尖晶石具有良好的抗侵蚀性,抗渣性能好,抗磨蚀能力、热震稳定性好、耐高温等性能特点;铁铝尖晶石具有优良的抗热震性、抗碱性渣侵蚀能力;本发明所述水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其原料中,具体选择了特定粒径的镁铝尖晶石和铁铝尖晶石配合,调配合适的颗粒级配,得到了镁铁铝尖晶石固溶体,并添加了特定量的氮化硅、碳酸锆、氧化锆等原料,使所得材料强度高、抗侵蚀性好、耐高温和抗热震性能优异,使用寿命长;外加剂具体选择了二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的混合物,四者具有协同作用,加入体系中,能与体系中的组分固溶反应,促进物质的扩散、迁移,促进基质均化,形成高活性新物相,活化烧结,降低材料的气孔率和平均孔径,促进致密化,并强化了各组分间的结合程度,使所得材料具有优异的强度,并使碱度降低,改善了抗侵蚀性能;体系中具体加入了镁砂超细粉和硅灰,进一步提高了材料的强度;在高温状况下,碳酸锆可分解出二氧化碳气体产生微孔,并分解生成氧化锆,与加入的氧化锆一起,并配合氮化硅,更好的减少热应力,显著提高了材料的抗热震性,同时氮化硅高温下形成的二氧化硅能与镁铝尖晶石反应生成堇青石,提高材料的高温强度;优选方式中,在改性的氧化锆空心球的制备工艺中,首先以磷酸、硫酸铝铵为原料,对氧化锆空心球进行改性处理,其吸附在空心球的表面,并进入空心球的孔壁,在受热过程中,能转化为高温相,促进裂纹的愈合和晶粒的烧结,提高了材料的强度;将得到的物料A与硝酸铈混合后,控制反应的条件,在其表面包覆了氧化铈得到了物料B;之后以氢气与一氧化碳的混合气对物料B进行了处理,并控制了处理的具体过程,在物料B的表面包覆了碳层得到了物料C,其具有良好的抗热震稳定性和机械强度,之后以硅烷偶联剂KH-550和硬脂酸为改性剂对其进行了改性得到了所述改性的氧化锆空心球,将其加入体系中,分散均匀,与体系的结合性好,防止了耐火材料的开裂,减轻质量的同时使材料的抗热震性能得到改善,且抗侵蚀性好。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
本发明提出的一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其原料按重量份包括:
其中,所述外加剂为二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的混合物,且二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量比为2:8:3:20;
所述镁砂超细粉的粒径<0.02mm;所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒径<0.02mm;
所述氧化锆为改性的氧化锆空心球;所述改性的氧化锆空心球的制备工艺包括以下步骤:将磷酸、硫酸铝铵与水混合,其中,所述磷酸、硫酸铝铵、水的重量比为9:12:70,加入氧化锆空心球浸泡30min,干燥后在1680℃下保温3h,降温至室温得到物料A;将物料A、硝酸铈在乙醇溶液中混合均匀,其中,物料A、硝酸铈的重量比为1:0.18,升温至260℃保温5h得到物料B;将物料B在氮气的保护下升温至500℃,停止加热,通入氢气,加热并同时通入氢气与一氧化碳的混合气,其中,氢气、一氧化碳的体积比为1:3,在750℃下保温120min,然后将混合气切换为氮气并停止加热、冷却得到物料C;将物料C、水与乙醇混合均匀,加入硅烷偶联剂KH-550和硬脂酸,其中,物料C、硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硬脂酸的重量比为100:1:3,超声分散30min,在65℃下搅拌反应150min,离心、醇洗、干燥得到所述改性的氧化锆空心球;
所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、聚羧酸减水剂与β-环糊精按重量比为10:5:3的混合物。
实施例2
本发明提出的一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其原料按重量份包括:
其中,所述外加剂为二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的混合物,且二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量比为10:1:10:15;
所述镁砂超细粉的粒径<0.02mm;所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒径<0.02mm;
所述氧化锆为改性的氧化锆空心球;所述改性的氧化锆空心球的制备工艺包括以下步骤:将磷酸、硫酸铝铵与水混合,加入氧化锆空心球浸泡60min,干燥后在1600℃下保温8h,降温至室温得到物料A;将物料A、硝酸铈在乙醇溶液中混合均匀,升温至250℃保温3h得到物料B;将物料B在氮气的保护下升温至450℃,停止加热,通入氢气,加热并同时通入氢气与一氧化碳的混合气,在790℃下保温150min,然后将混合气切换为氮气并停止加热、冷却得到物料C;将物料C、水与乙醇混合均匀,加入硅烷偶联剂KH-550和硬脂酸,超声分散90min,在55℃下搅拌反应250min,离心、醇洗、干燥得到所述改性的氧化锆空心球;
制备物料A时,所述磷酸、硫酸铝铵、水的重量比为17:5:85;在制备物料B时,物料A、硝酸铈的重量比为1:0.1;在制备物料C时,混合气中,氢气、一氧化碳的体积比为1:3.2;物料C、硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硬脂酸的重量比为85:3:2;
所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、聚羧酸减水剂与β-环糊精按重量比为4:15:0.5的混合物。
实施例3
本发明提出的一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其原料按重量份包括:
其中,所述外加剂为二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的混合物,且二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量比为2:1:10:18;
所述镁砂超细粉的粒径<0.02mm;所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒径<0.02mm;
所述氧化锆为改性的氧化锆空心球;所述改性的氧化锆空心球的制备工艺包括以下步骤:将磷酸、硫酸铝铵与水混合,其中,所述磷酸、硫酸铝铵、水的重量比为11:9:77,加入氧化锆空心球浸泡45min,干燥后在1650℃下保温4h,降温至室温得到物料A;将物料A、硝酸铈在乙醇溶液中混合均匀,其中,物料A、硝酸铈的重量比为1:0.38,升温至290℃保温2h得到物料B;将物料B在氮气的保护下升温至460℃,停止加热,通入氢气,加热并同时通入氢气与一氧化碳的混合气,其中,氢气、一氧化碳的体积比为1:3.5,在800℃下保温100min,然后将混合气切换为氮气并停止加热、冷却得到物料C;将物料C、水与乙醇混合均匀,加入硅烷偶联剂KH-550和硬脂酸,其中,物料C、硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硬脂酸的重量比为80:4:2,超声分散60min,在55℃下搅拌反应220min,离心、醇洗、干燥得到所述改性的氧化锆空心球;
所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、聚羧酸减水剂与β-环糊精按重量比为7:11:1的混合物。
实施例4
本发明提出的一种水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其原料按重量份包括:
其中,所述外加剂为二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇与铝粉的混合物,且所述二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量比为2.5:2:10:19.5;
所述镁砂超细粉的粒径<0.02mm;所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒径<0.02mm;
所述氧化锆为改性的氧化锆空心球;所述改性的氧化锆空心球的制备工艺包括以下步骤:将磷酸、硫酸铝铵与水混合,其中,所述磷酸、硫酸铝铵、水的重量比为15:7:80,加入氧化锆空心球浸泡60min,干燥后在1620℃下保温7h,降温至室温得到物料A;将物料A、硝酸铈在乙醇溶液中混合均匀,其中,物料A、硝酸铈的重量比为1:0.19,升温至260℃保温4h得到物料B;将物料B在氮气的保护下升温至490℃,停止加热,通入氢气,加热并同时通入氢气与一氧化碳的混合气,其中,氢气、一氧化碳的体积比为1:3,在770℃下保温120min,然后将混合气切换为氮气并停止加热、冷却得到物料C;将物料C、水与乙醇混合均匀,加入硅烷偶联剂KH-550和硬脂酸,其中,物料C、硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硬脂酸的重量比为86:3:2,超声分散45min,在60℃下搅拌反应180min,离心、醇洗、干燥得到所述改性的氧化锆空心球;
所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、聚羧酸减水剂与β-环糊精按重量比为9:7:2的混合物。
对比例1
与实施例4的唯一不同仅在于:其原料中不含有氧化锆。
对比例2
与实施例4的唯一不同仅在于:其原料中的氧化锆为未改性的氧化锆空心球。
对比例3
与实施例4的唯一不同仅在于:其原料中的氧化锆为硅烷偶联剂KH-550改性的氧化锆空心球。
对比例4
与实施例4的唯一不同仅在于:其原料中不含有铁铝尖晶石。
对比例5
与实施例4的唯一不同仅在于:其原料中不含有镁铝尖晶石。
对比例6
与实施例4的唯一不同仅在于:所述外加剂为铝粉。
对比例7
与实施例4的唯一不同仅在于:所述外加剂为二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇的混合物。
对本发明实施例1-4以及对比例1-7所述的耐火材料进行性能检测,其中,常温抗折强度试验方法为GB/T3001-2007,常温耐压强度试验方法为GB/T5072-2008,经热震疲劳试验10次风冷后的残余抗折强度保持率依据《耐火材料抗热震疲劳行为评价的研究》中提出的热震疲劳试验进行;
经测试可知,实施例1-4耐火材料110℃×24h抗折强度≥13.9MPa,耐压强度≥72MPa,1100℃×3h抗折强度≥19.3MPa,耐压强度≥141MPa,1400℃×3h抗折强度≥14.5MPa,耐压强度≥137MPa,1100℃10次风冷后的残余抗折强度保持率≥98.5%;显气孔率为9.2-13.1%,体积密度为3.3-3.48g/cm3。
而对比例1-7耐火材料110℃×24h抗折强度为8.55-10.9MPa,耐压强度为49-68MPa,1100℃×3h抗折强度为10.5-16.7MPa,耐压强度为105-131.8MPa,1400℃×3h抗折强度为7-14MPa,耐压强度为123-134MPa,1100℃10次风冷后的残余抗折强度保持率为71.8-96.5%;显气孔率为13.8-14.5%,体积密度为3.0-3.25g/cm3。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其特征在于,所述镁砂超细粉的粒径<0.02mm;所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒径<0.02mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其特征在于,所述氧化锆为改性的氧化锆空心球;所述改性的氧化锆空心球的制备工艺包括以下步骤:将磷酸、硫酸铝铵与水混合,加入氧化锆空心球浸泡30-60min,干燥后在1600-1680℃下保温3-8h,降温至室温得到物料A;将物料A、硝酸铈在乙醇溶液中混合均匀,升温至250-290℃保温2-5h得到物料B;将物料B在氮气的保护下升温至450-500℃,停止加热,通入氢气,加热并同时通入氢气与一氧化碳的混合气,在750-800℃下保温100-150min,然后将混合气切换为氮气并停止加热、冷却得到物料C;将物料C、水与乙醇混合均匀,加入硅烷偶联剂KH-550和硬脂酸,超声分散30-90min,在55-65℃下搅拌反应150-250min,离心、醇洗、干燥得到所述改性的氧化锆空心球。
4.根据权利要求3所述水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其特征在于,制备物料A时,所述磷酸、硫酸铝铵、水的重量比为9-17:5-12:70-85;在制备物料B时,物料A、硝酸铈的重量比为1:0.1-0.38;在制备物料C时,混合气中,氢气、一氧化碳的体积比为1:3-3.5;物料C、硅烷偶联剂KH-550、硬脂酸的重量比为80-100:1-4:2-5。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其特征在于,所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、聚羧酸减水剂与β-环糊精按重量比为4-10:5-15:0.5-3的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其特征在于,所述二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量比为2-10:1-8:3-12:8-20。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述水泥窑用尖晶石质耐火材料,其特征在于,二氧化钛、氧化铒、氧化钇、铝粉的重量满足以下关系式:M二氧化钛+M氧化铒=M铝粉-1.5×M氧化钇,其中,M二氧化钛、M氧化铒、M铝粉、M氧化钇分别为二氧化钛、氧化铒、铝粉与氧化钇的重量。
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