CN113971353A - Multi-physical field coupling-based finite element calculation method for carrying capacity of multi-core cable - Google Patents
Multi-physical field coupling-based finite element calculation method for carrying capacity of multi-core cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-core cable current-carrying capacity finite element calculation method based on multi-physical field coupling, which overcomes the problem that the wind power industry in the prior art does not need the standard for designing and selecting a wind power gear box hollow pipe and a cable inside the hollow pipe, and comprises the following steps: s1: selecting space dimensions, multiple physical fields and simulation environments for calculating the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable; s2: carrying out parametric geometric modeling on the multi-core cable; s3: defining a multi-core cable material and material properties; s4: setting corresponding boundary conditions in each selected physical field; s5: mesh subdivision is carried out on the multi-core cable geometric model; s6: setting a solver and solver parameters; s7: and solving the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable, and judging whether the temperature of the multi-core cable reaches the allowable maximum operating temperature. The temperature distribution conditions around the conductors with different sections of the multi-core cable can be accurately calculated, the actual current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable is further obtained through analysis, and a foundation is provided for laying design and research of the multi-core cable in the hollow pipe of the wind power gear box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of simulation and simulation calculation, in particular to a multicore cable current-carrying capacity finite element calculation method based on multi-physical-field coupling.
Background
The cable is an important carrier of power transmission, and the capability of actually carrying current becomes an important operation performance of the cable. The multi-core cable can save channels required by electric energy transmission, can meet the current requirements of electric equipment with different powers at the same time, and becomes the optimal choice for some special power supply places. However, since the multi-core cable has conductors with different cross sections and different current capacities, how to determine the current-carrying capacity of each cross-section conductor in the multi-core cable becomes the key for long-term stable operation of the multi-core cable.
At present, the current-carrying capacity value of a cable is mainly analyzed and calculated by adopting the IEC 60287 standard of the International electrotechnical Commission, the IEC 60287 is more convenient to calculate the current-carrying capacity of a standard cable laid in the standard, but with the diversification of power supply conditions, the analysis and calculation in the IEC 60287 have certain limitations on cables with special structures and special laying modes thereof. The current-carrying capacity calculation of the multi-core cable involves more physical problems, such as electromagnetism and heat transfer. Under special conditions, the problems are mutually overlapped and influenced, certain errors can be generated only by calculation of an empirical formula, and the actual current carrying capacity of the multi-core cable is not favorably and accurately judged. The finite element method is a calculation method which is rapidly developed along with the development of a computer, is a numerical analysis method which is firstly applied to the static and dynamic characteristic analysis of the structure in the field of mechanics, namely the field of aerospace in the 50 s, and is then widely applied to solving the problems of electromagnetic field, heat transfer, fluid mechanics and the like. In the finite element simulation method for the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable, the structure, the load current, the laying state and the external temperature boundary conditions of the multi-core cable are given, the current-carrying conditions of cores with different sections in the multi-core cable can be analyzed more accurately, the temperature distribution condition in the multi-core cable can be obtained at the same time, the finite element simulation method is suitable for observing and analyzing the current-carrying capacity state in the multi-core cable more visually, a basis is provided for the research and design of related electric power equipment, and a basis is provided for the model selection and the laying design of cables in a hollow pipe of a wind power gear box.
At present, the wind power industry does not have a standard for design and type selection of hollow pipes and cables inside the hollow pipes of a wind power gear box, particularly, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the hollow pipes, materials and cables for supplying power to blades or a pitch system also have no standard for design and type selection. The existing conditions are selected according to the experience of each whole plant, and no theoretical or simulated standard basis exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the wind power industry in the prior art does not have a theoretical or simulated standard basis for the design selection of hollow pipes and cables inside the hollow pipes of a wind power gear box, and provides a multicore cable current-carrying capacity finite element calculation method based on multi-physical-field coupling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a multi-core cable current-carrying capacity finite element calculation method based on multi-physical field coupling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting space dimensions, multiple physical fields and simulation environments for calculating the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable;
s2: carrying out parametric geometric modeling according to the actual structural size of the multi-core cable;
s3: defining the material and material property of the multi-core cable according to the structure of each layer in the multi-core cable;
s4: setting corresponding boundary conditions in each selected physical field;
s5: mesh subdivision is carried out on the multi-core cable geometric model;
s6: setting a solver and solver parameters;
s7: and solving the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable, judging whether the conductor temperature of the multi-core cable reaches the allowed maximum operating temperature, if so, obtaining the current-carrying capacity which is a simulation result through calculation, if not, changing the current value in the conductor of the multi-core cable, and repeating the steps from S5 to S7.
The multi-core cable is formed by twisting single-core cables with different cross sections. According to the invention, the temperature field distribution condition in the multi-core cable is simulated and calculated by modeling the multi-core cable, so that the current-carrying capacity of the cores with different sections in the cable is obtained. In step S6, specifically, when the solver parameters of the simulation calculation are set and the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable is calculated, a "frequency domain-steady state" step solution is preferably adopted, the preferred frequency is 50Hz, and the preferred solver is the MUMPS. By changing the current values of different sections in the multi-core cable model, when any one single-core cable reaches the maximum temperature of long-term operation, the current value at the moment is the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable. If the temperature does not reach or exceed the maximum allowable operating temperature, the value of the current applied to the conductor is increased or decreased, and the calculation is repeated until the maximum allowable operating temperature is reached.
Preferably, in step S1, the spatial dimension includes a two-dimensional spatial dimension, the multi-physical field includes an electromagnetic field and a temperature field, the simulation environment includes a heating environment, and the heat transfer environment includes an induction heating environment.
Preferably, in step S2, the geometric model is built to include the layer structure of the multi-core cable: the cable comprises conductor cores with different cross sections, an insulating layer, filler, an inner sheath, an armor layer and an outer sheath. The insulating layer material is preferably silicon rubber, the filler material is preferably aramid woven fabric, and the sheath material is preferably silicon rubber or PE polyethylene.
Preferably, in step S3, the material is a component material of a multi-core cable, and the material properties include a thermal conductivity, a density and a constant pressure heat capacity of the material.
Preferably, in step S4, the boundary condition includes a boundary condition between a magnetic field and a solid heat transfer, and the boundary condition of the magnetic field includes a coil boundary condition; the boundary conditions for solid heat transfer include heat source boundary conditions, thin layer boundary conditions, and heat flux boundary conditions. Current excitation is applied to the cable through the "coil" boundary in the magnetic field. In the solid heat transfer, thermal resistance setting is carried out on each material layer in the multi-core cable through a 'thin layer' boundary; air or other liquid with heat transfer capacity is arranged outside the outer sheath of the multi-core cable by taking the boundary condition of the heat source as an excitation source of a temperature field; the natural convection of air through the outer jacket layer of the multi-core cable is set by the 'heat flux' boundary.
Preferably, in the coil boundary condition, the conduction model is "linear resistivity", and is calculated by using the following formula:
where σ is the linear resistivity, ρ0For reference resistivity, TrefFor the reference temperature, α is the temperature coefficient of resistivity. The coil excitation is set to current and the current value is set.
Preferably, in the heat flux boundary condition, the heat flux is calculated by using the following formula:
q0＝h(Text-T)
in the formula, q0For convective heat flux, h is the convective heat transfer coefficient. The heat flux is set as a convective heat flux, and the heat transfer coefficient is preferably set as "external natural convection" and "long horizontal cylinder".
Preferably, in step S5, the grid is a structured grid. A structured grid means that all interior points within the grid area have the same contiguous cells. The structured grid has the advantages of high grid generation speed, good grid quality, simple data structure and the like, can easily realize boundary fitting of the region, and is suitable for calculation in fluid and surface stress concentration and the like. In particular, the structured mesh may be a hexahedral mesh, so that the calculation process is more easily converged and also more accurate.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method is based on a finite element method and used for calculating the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable in the hollow pipe of the wind power gear box under the coupling of multiple physical fields. The method has the advantages that the method has greater flexibility for the calculation of the multi-core cables in the wind power gear box hollow pipe with a complex structure, can obtain the temperature distribution conditions of the single-core cables with different sizes in the multi-core cables in the wind power gear box hollow pipe, reflects the current-carrying state of the multi-core cables in the wind power gear box hollow pipe vividly, provides basis for the research and design of related power equipment, and provides basis for the model selection and the laying design of the cables in the wind power gear box hollow pipe. Meanwhile, the method carries out complex calculation based on a computer, and improves the calculation efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-core cable according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a subdivision of a geometric model of a multi-core cable according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a surface view of the internal temperature distribution of an embodiment of the multi-core cable of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the internal temperature distribution of an embodiment of the multi-core cable of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a silicone rubber sheath; 2. 35mm2A conductor core; 3. aramid woven fillers; 4. a control signal line; 5. 16mm2A conductor core; 6. 10mm2A conductor core.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings:
in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, a finite element calculation method for current carrying capacity of a multi-core cable based on multi-physical field coupling can be seen, and the operation flow is as follows: selecting space dimensions, multiple physical fields and a simulation environment for calculating the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable; secondly, carrying out parametric geometric modeling according to the actual structural size of the multi-core cable; thirdly, defining the material and the material attribute of the multi-core cable according to the structure of each layer in the multi-core cable; fourthly, setting corresponding boundary conditions in each selected physical field; fifthly, mesh subdivision is carried out on the multi-core cable geometric model; sixthly, setting a solver and solver parameters; and seventhly, solving the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable, judging whether the temperature of the conductor of the multi-core cable reaches the allowed highest operation temperature, if so, calculating the current-carrying capacity which is a simulation result, if not, changing the current value in the conductor of the multi-core cable, and repeating the fifth step to the seventh step.
The invention provides a multi-physical field coupling-based multi-core cable current-carrying capacity finite element calculation method, which comprises the following steps of firstly, carrying out parametric geometric modeling on a multi-core cable in finite element simulation software according to the actual structural size of the multi-core cable to form a geometric model of the multi-core cable, wherein the software is preferably COMSOL Multiphysics finite element simulation software; secondly, defining materials and material attributes of each layer structure in the multi-core cable, and defining boundary conditions of a multi-wire cable geometric model under different physical fields; importing the geometric model into meshing software, and meshing the geometric model; and finally, introducing the geometric model divided with the grids into a solver, and solving the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable based on the boundary conditions, thereby judging whether the conductor temperature of the multi-core cable reaches the allowed maximum operating temperature. By changing the current values of different sections in the multi-core cable model, when any one single-core cable reaches the maximum temperature of long-term operation, the current value at the moment is the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable. The calculation of the multi-core cable in the hollow pipe of the wind power gear box with the complex structure has higher flexibility, the temperature distribution conditions of the single-core cables with different sizes in the multi-core cable in the hollow pipe of the wind power gear box can be obtained, the current-carrying state of the multi-core cable in the hollow pipe of the wind power gear box is reflected vividly, a basis is provided for the research and design of related power equipment, and a basis is provided for the type selection and laying design of the cable in the hollow pipe of the wind power gear box.
The maximum operating temperature of a conventional power cable conductor is as follows:
taking a silicon rubber multi-core cable as an example, the current-carrying capacity of the cable needs to meet the requirement that the highest temperature of a conductor is not more than 150 ℃ under the continuous working condition; and establishing a corresponding multi-core cable model and setting parameters to obtain the temperature distribution in the multi-core cable, and increasing the current value in the conductor until the conductor reaches 150 ℃, wherein the current of the multi-core cable is the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable. In order to verify the accuracy of the simulation method result, a certain type of silicon rubber multi-core cable is selected as an example for simulation design calculation, and the simulation design calculation is compared with the current-carrying capacity test result of the type of cable. The simulated cable parameters were as follows:
the laying conditions of the multi-core cable are as follows: air with an external environment of 40 ℃ is laid.
The first step is as follows: selecting space dimension, multi-physical field and simulation environment for calculating current-carrying capacity of multi-core cable
The space dimensionality is set to be two-dimensional, the selected physical field comprises an electromagnetic field and a temperature field, the simulation environment comprises a heating environment, and the heating mode in the heating environment is set to be induction heating.
The second step is that: carrying out parametric geometric modeling according to the actual structural size of the multi-core cable
Establishing a geometric structure model according to the actual structure size of the multi-core cable, wherein the model comprises a silicon rubber sheath of 1 mm and 35mm2Conductor core 2, aramid fiber woven filler 3, control signal wire 4 (treated as silicon rubber rod), 16mm2Conductor core 5 and 10mm2The conductor core 6 has a structure as shown in fig. 2 and a geometric model as shown in fig. 3.
The third step: defining multi-core cable material and material property according to each layer structure in multi-core cable
The material comprises copper and air, and also comprises silicon rubber and aramid fiber, and the properties of the material are shown in the following table:
the fourth step: setting corresponding boundary conditions in selected physical fields
A boundary layer material in the multi-core cable is set. Setting all boundaries except the outermost layer in the multi-core cable:
a: in a 'magnetic field' physical field, selecting a coil boundary condition as an excitation source of a cable conductor, setting a conductor region in a multi-core cable geometric model, setting coil excitation as current, and setting a coil current value. Since the metal conductivity is affected by temperature, its constitutive relation needs to be set, and the conduction model is set as linear resistivity.
B: in a solid heat transfer physical field, selecting a heat source boundary condition as an excitation source of a temperature field, setting a conductor region in a geometric model of a multi-core cable, setting a heat source as a generalized source, setting volume loss density and electromagnetism (mf), and coupling a magnetic field with a heat transfer field.
C: in a 'solid heat transfer' physical field, the boundary condition of a thin layer is selected to set the thermal resistance in the multi-core cable, and the boundary is set as an air boundary layer.
D: in the physical field of 'solid heat transfer', the boundary condition of heat flux is selected to set the natural convection of air outside, and the boundary is set as the outermost boundary of the multi-core cable. The heat flux is set to "convective heat flux", and the "heat transfer coefficient" is set to "external natural convection" and "long horizontal cylinder". The outer diameter parameter of the multi-core cable is input into the cylindrical diameter, the fluid is set to be air, and the external temperature is set to be 313.15K.
The fifth step: mesh subdivision is carried out on multi-core cable geometric model
The mesh generation can adopt special mesh generation software, and can be realized by setting the size of the mesh in order to obtain a more accurate simulation result.
And a sixth step: setting solver and solver parameters
And setting a frequency domain-steady state solving step, and setting a simulation frequency, preferably 50 Hz. A steady state solver is provided, preferably the solver is MUMPS. And calculating the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable, wherein the calculation result is shown in the attached figures 4 and 5. By varying the current value in the conductor, when 35mm2The current value of the cross-section cable is 75A, 16mm2When the current value of the cross-section cable is 40A, the temperature of the multi-core cable reaches the long-term stable operation temperature condition. This example is compared with the test results and is very close to the value of the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable.
The seventh step: solving the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable, and judging whether the conductor temperature of the multi-core cable reaches the allowable maximum operating temperature or not
And checking the temperature distribution condition of each single-core cable conductor in the multi-core cable, and judging whether the temperature of the single-core cable conductor reaches the allowed maximum operating temperature. And if the temperature reaches the maximum allowable operation temperature, the current value applied to the conductor at the moment is the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable. If the temperature does not reach or exceed the maximum allowable operating temperature, the value of the current applied to the conductor is increased or decreased, and the calculation is repeated until the maximum allowable operating temperature is reached.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-core cable current-carrying capacity finite element calculation method based on multi-physical field coupling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting space dimensions, multiple physical fields and simulation environments for calculating the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable;
s2: carrying out parametric geometric modeling according to the actual structural size of the multi-core cable;
s3: defining the material and material property of the multi-core cable according to the structure of each layer in the multi-core cable;
s4: setting corresponding boundary conditions in each selected physical field;
s5: mesh subdivision is carried out on the multi-core cable geometric model;
s6: setting a solver and solver parameters;
s7: and solving the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable, judging whether the conductor temperature of the multi-core cable reaches the allowed maximum operating temperature, if so, obtaining the current-carrying capacity which is a simulation result through calculation, if not, changing the current value in the conductor of the multi-core cable, and repeating the steps from S5 to S7.
2. The finite element method for current carrying capacity of a multi-core cable based on multi-physical field coupling as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the spatial dimension includes a two-dimensional spatial dimension, the multi-physical field includes an electromagnetic field and a temperature field, the simulation environment includes a heating environment, and the heat transfer environment includes an induction heating environment.
3. The finite element calculation method of current carrying capacity of a multicore cable based on multi-physical field coupling as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the geometric model is constructed including the layer structure of the multicore cable: the cable comprises conductor cores with different cross sections, an insulating layer, filler, an inner sheath, an armor layer and an outer sheath.
4. The finite element method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the material is a component material of the multi-core cable, and the material properties are a thermal conductivity, a density and a constant pressure heat capacity of the material.
5. A finite element calculation method for current carrying capacity of a multi-core cable based on multi-physical field coupling as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S4, the boundary conditions include boundary conditions in magnetic field and solid heat transfer, and the boundary conditions of magnetic field include coil boundary conditions; the boundary conditions for solid heat transfer include heat source boundary conditions, thin layer boundary conditions, and heat flux boundary conditions.
6. The finite element calculation method of the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable based on the multi-physical-field coupling as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the coil boundary condition, the conduction model is "linear resistivity", and is calculated by using the following formula:
where σ is the linear resistivity, ρ0For reference resistivity, TrefFor the reference temperature, α is the temperature coefficient of resistivity.
7. The finite element calculation method of the current-carrying capacity of the multi-core cable based on the multi-physical-field coupling as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the heat flux boundary condition, the heat flux is calculated by using the following formula:
q0＝h(Text-T)
in the formula, q0For convective heat flux, h is the convective heat transfer coefficient.
8. The finite element calculation method of current carrying capacity of multi-core cable based on multi-physical field coupling as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the mesh is a structured mesh.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117574472A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Umbilical cable temperature field and current-carrying capacity analysis method based on coupling effect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117574472A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Umbilical cable temperature field and current-carrying capacity analysis method based on coupling effect |
| CN117574472B (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-05-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Umbilical cable temperature field and current-carrying capacity analysis method based on coupling effect |
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