CN113969190A - Organic solid waste recycling and calcium carbide preparation device - Google Patents
Organic solid waste recycling and calcium carbide preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113969190A CN113969190A CN202111248756.4A CN202111248756A CN113969190A CN 113969190 A CN113969190 A CN 113969190A CN 202111248756 A CN202111248756 A CN 202111248756A CN 113969190 A CN113969190 A CN 113969190A
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- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910014813 CaC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/942—Calcium carbide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for recycling organic solid wastes and preparing calcium carbide, which belongs to the field of intersection of garbage treatment and metallurgy and comprises a feeding part, a gasification reactor, a slag discharging part and an air feeding part; the gasification reactor is used for the combustion reaction of the organic garbage raw material blocks; the feeding part is arranged at the top of the gasification reactor; the slag discharging part is arranged at the bottom of the gasification reactor; the gas supply part is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor; the middle upper part of the gasification reactor is provided with a reaction gas outlet. The invention raises the reaction temperature of the device to over 1000 ℃, which is far higher than the generation condition and cracking temperature of harmful impurities such as dioxin, and the like, thereby avoiding the generation of the substances and converting the substances into CO and H required in the subsequent production2And the like; if the raw material is added with proper amount of limestone and coal, or coke and semi-coke, etc. carbon-rich substances, the raw material is mixed with the limestone and coal, or coke and semi-coke, etc. and the mixture is stirredThe reaction temperature is increased to more than 2000 ℃, and CO and H are produced2The synthesis gas can produce calcium carbide CaC2。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment and metallurgy, in particular to a device for recycling organic solid wastes and preparing calcium carbide, and by-product calcium carbide can be produced.
Background
At present, the garbage disposal industry mainly comprises three treatment methods, namely landfill, incineration power generation and biological fermentation decomposition. The landfill pollution is the heaviest and the heritage is the greatest. Incineration power generation is the main mode of current garbage disposal, except that carbon dioxide emission is huge, and can produce strong carcinogen dioxin, and the power generation cost remains high. The application range of the biological decomposition fermentation is too narrow, and a large amount of industrial organic garbage cannot be treated.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for an organic waste treatment apparatus that can treat organic waste at a low cost, without toxicity, harm, and environmental pollution.
In addition, the main problems of the electric heating method for the industrial production of calcium carbide are high energy consumption, high investment, high pollution, low productivity, high resource consumption, and especially serious environmental pollution, which have become the leading reasons for restricting the development of the calcium carbide industry, and a breakthrough of new process technology is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an organic solid waste recycling device which can treat organic garbage, is low in cost, non-toxic, harmless and environment-friendly, and can produce a byproduct of calcium carbide in a clean and low-energy-consumption mode according to requirements. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a device for recycling organic solid waste and preparing calcium carbide comprises a gasification reactor, a feeding part, a slag discharging part and an air feeding part; the gasification reactor is used for combustion reaction of organic garbage raw material blocks; the feeding part is arranged at the top of the gasification reactor and is used for supplying organic garbage raw material blocks in the gasification reactor; the slag discharging part is arranged at the bottom of the gasification reactor and is used for discharging slag after the organic waste raw material blocks are combusted; the gas feeding part is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor and is used for feeding a gasification agent into the gasification reactor; and a reaction gas outlet is arranged at the middle upper part of the gasification reactor. .
Furthermore, the feeding part comprises a raw material bin, a feeding locking hopper and a feeding tank, one end of the feeding tank is fixedly connected to the top of the gasification reactor, and the other end of the feeding tank is fixedly connected with one end of the feeding locking hopper; the other end of the feeding lock hopper is fixedly connected with the raw material bin, and N is filled into the feeding lock hopper and the feeding tank when the feeding lock hopper and the feeding tank work2Or CO2And (6) protecting.
Furthermore, the feeding lock hopper is a double-variable-pressure feeding lock hopper and is used for feeding materials by alternative operation.
Further, the air supply part comprises a mixer, one side of the mixer is provided with an oxygen input pipeline and a steam input pipeline, and the other side of the mixer is communicated with the gasification reactor and used for mixing oxygen and steam to form the gasification agent and inputting the gasification agent into the gasification reactor.
Further, the slag discharging part comprises a slag pool, one end of the slag pool is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor, and the other end of the slag pool is provided with a slag discharging port for discharging molten slag.
Furthermore, a steam drum is arranged on the outer side of the gasification reactor, the gasification reactor is a double-shell water jacket, and the steam drum is communicated with an inner cavity of the double shell of the gasification reactor and is used for generating circulating steam to absorb part of heat of hot fluid in the gasification reactor.
And the conversion device is communicated with the reaction gas outlet in a sealing way and is used for increasing the temperature of the reaction gas to be more than 1000 ℃ and decomposing all contained organic impurities such as dioxin into CO and H2.
Furthermore, limestone and coal, or coke, semi coke and other carbon-rich substances and organic garbage can be mixed in a raw material bin and sent into a gasification reactor, the reaction temperature is increased to more than 2000 ℃, and calcium carbide CaC2 can be produced while synthesis gas of CO and H2 is produced and discharged from the bottom of the device in the form of molten slag; in the process, the conversion device is eliminated, and the device can be arranged but not put into use and is only used for dust sedimentation of the synthesis gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the device for recycling the organic solid waste and preparing the calcium carbide improves the reaction temperature of the device to over 1000 ℃, which is far higher than the generation condition and the cracking temperature of harmful impurities such as dioxin and the like, thereby fundamentally avoiding the generation of the substances and converting the substances into raw materials such as CO, H2 and the like required in the subsequent production. In addition, after the residues are subjected to high-temperature harmless treatment, the residues can be directly used as paving materials or building materials, various chemical components contained in the garbage are fully recovered and reused, and the effective treatment and recycling of the garbage are really realized.
Compared with the current mainstream landfill, incineration power generation and biomass fermentation decomposition treatment modes, the invention greatly improves the economic benefit, realizes the profit of garbage recovery, more fundamentally solves the environmental protection problem, and realizes harmless discharge and even zero discharge. Meanwhile, according to production needs, the device synthesizes calcium carbide by utilizing heat energy generated by combustion of garbage and the like, so that high energy consumption and high pollution aeipathia of the traditional calcium carbide industrial production are completely avoided, and green production of the calcium carbide is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for recycling organic solid wastes and preparing calcium carbide
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the conversion apparatus
The system comprises a gasification reactor 1, a feeding tank 2, a feeding lock hopper 3, a raw material bin 4, a steam drum 5, an ash blocking partition plate 6, annular steam 7, a reaction gas outlet 8, a slag pool 9, a conversion device reaction gas inlet 10, a mixer 11, a conversion device gasifying agent inlet 12, a conversion device 13, a conversion gas outlet 14, an ash separation chamber 15 and an ash tank 16.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A device for recycling organic solid waste and preparing calcium carbide comprises a feeding part, a gasification reactor 1, a slag discharging part and an air feeding part; the gasification reactor 1 is used for the combustion reaction of organic garbage raw material blocks; the feeding part is arranged at the top of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for supplying organic garbage raw material blocks in the gasification reactor 1; the slag discharging part is arranged at the bottom of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for discharging slag after the organic waste raw material blocks are combusted; the gas supply part is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for feeding the gasification agent into the gasification reactor 1; the middle upper part of the gasification reactor 1 is provided with a reaction gas outlet 8, and the working pressure can be set between 0.1MPa and 10.0 MPa.
The feeding part comprises a raw material bin 4, a feeding lock hopper 3 and a feeding tank 2, one end of the feeding tank 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the gasification reactor 1, and the other end of the feeding tank is fixedly connected with one end of the feeding lock hopper 3; the other end of the feeding lock hopper 3 is fixedly connected with the raw material bin 4.
The gas supply part comprises a mixer 11, one side of the mixer 11 is provided with an oxygen input pipeline and a steam input pipeline, and the other side of the mixer is communicated with the gasification reactor 1 and used for mixing oxygen and steam to form a gasification agent and then inputting the gasification agent into the gasification reactor 1; depending on the production requirements, oxygen can be replaced by air or enriched with oxygen.
The slag discharging part comprises a slag pool 9, one end of the slag pool 9 is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor 1, and the other end of the slag pool is provided with a slag discharging port for discharging slag. An ash baffle plate 6 is arranged between the slag pool 9 and the bottom of the gasification reactor 1,
the outer side of the gasification reactor 1 is also provided with a steam drum 5, the gasification reactor 1 is provided with a double-shell water jacket, and the steam drum 5 is communicated with the inner cavity of the double shell of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for generating circulating steam to absorb part of heat of hot fluid in the gasification reactor 1.
In the present embodiment, the reaction pressure of the gasification reactor 1 can be set from normal pressure to 10.0mpa (g) or more and even higher. The front end of the device for recycling organic solid wastes and preparing calcium carbide is provided with equipment for drying and forming organic wastes into blocky raw materials, the organic wastes are formed into qualified 6-100mm blocky raw material blocks, a raw material bin 4 is fed into a feeding lock hopper 3, in the embodiment, the feeding lock hopper 3 adopts double variable-pressure feeding lock hopper alternate operation, the raw material blocks in the feeding lock hopper 3 enter a feeding tank 2, the feeding tank 2 feeds materials for 1-10 times per hour, and the raw materials are uniformly distributed and added into a gasification reactor 1; the feeding lock bucket 3 and the feeding bucket 2 are filled with N when in work2Or CO2And (6) protecting.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: gasifying agents (oxygen and steam) are uniformly distributed and fed from the bottom of the gasification reactor 1; the bottom gasifying agent is heated by hot ash and then enters oxygenIn the layer, oxygen contacts with the hot raw material layer to produce violent combustion reaction to produce CO2And release a large amount of organic gas; the gas after oxidation reaction goes upwards into the reduction layer, and CO in the reduction layer2And steam reacts with C to form CO and H2And a part of CH4(ii) a The reaction gas upwards enters a dry distillation layer and a drying layer, contacts with a raw material block entering the top of the gasification reactor 1 to exchange heat, and enters the drying layer; the reaction gas leaves the dry layer and carries unreacted steam, volatile components escaping from the dry distillation of the raw material blocks and evaporated moisture into a hollow layer at the top of the gasification reactor 1; the crude reaction gas produced in the gasification reactor 1 is led out through the reaction gas outlet 8 of the gasification reactor 1.
The raw material blocks in the gasification reactor 1 slowly move along with the gasification reaction and descend to the bottom of the gasification reactor 1, most of combustible elements react to generate reaction gas components which enter a gas phase, and only non-combustible solid ash is left. Through raising the temperature, melt solid-state ash content for liquid, thoroughly eliminate harmful substance such as dioxin that probably contains in the ash content residue to flow out from gasification reactor 1 bottom, get into slag bath 9, discharge through the row's of cinder notch after retrieving the heat cooling.
In the embodiment, the gasification reactor 1 is provided with a double-shell water jacket to absorb part of heat of hot fluid in the gasification reactor 1 and generate steam as a byproduct, and the steam returns to the gasification reactor 1 from the steam drum 5 through the steam superheater to be used as a gasification agent so as to reduce the consumption of external steam. Meanwhile, a water wall coil and a refractory lining can be arranged in the gasification reactor 1 according to the requirement of raw materials. The gasification reactor 1 is additionally provided with temperature monitoring, and an annular steam 7 is arranged in a combustion area to prevent combustion overtemperature.
The rear part of the gasification reactor 1 is connected with a conversion device 13, and the crude reaction gas is sent out of the gasification reactor 1 and then is connected with a reaction gas inlet 10 of the conversion device through a connecting pipeline to directly enter the conversion device 13. A certain amount of gasifying agent is introduced into the conversion device 13 through a gasifying agent inlet 12 of the conversion device, the temperature of the crude reaction gas is increased to more than 1000 ℃, and organic impurities such as dioxin and the like are completely decomposed into CO and H2Etc. are sent to the subsequent equipment through the reformed gas outlet 14 for treatment. The conversion device 13 is also provided withThere is an ash separation chamber 15 and an ash tank 16.
Example 2
A device for recycling organic solid waste and preparing calcium carbide comprises a feeding part, a gasification reactor 1, a slag discharging part and an air feeding part; the gasification reactor 1 is used for the combustion reaction of organic garbage raw material blocks, limestone and coal blocks, or coke, semi coke and other carbon-rich substances; the feeding part is arranged at the top of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for supplying raw material blocks such as organic garbage, limestone and the like in the gasification reactor 1; the slag discharging part is arranged at the bottom of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for discharging slag after raw material blocks such as organic garbage and the like are combusted and discharging calcium carbide slag generated as a byproduct; the gas supply part is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for feeding the gasification agent into the gasification reactor 1; the middle upper part of the gasification reactor 1 is provided with a reaction gas outlet 8.
The feeding part comprises a raw material bin 4, a feeding lock hopper 3 and a feeding tank 2, one end of the feeding tank 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the gasification reactor 1, and the other end of the feeding tank is fixedly connected with one end of the feeding lock hopper 3; the other end of the feeding lock hopper 3 is fixedly connected with the raw material bin 4.
The air supply part comprises a mixer 11, one side of the mixer 11 is provided with an oxygen input pipeline and a steam input pipeline, and the other side of the mixer is communicated with the gasification reactor 1 and used for mixing oxygen and steam to form a gasification agent and then inputting the gasification agent into the gasification reactor 1.
The slag discharging part comprises a slag pool 9, one end of the slag pool 9 is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor 1, and the other end of the slag pool is provided with a slag discharging port for discharging slag. An ash baffle plate 6 is arranged between the slag pool 9 and the bottom of the gasification reactor 1. The outer side of the gasification reactor 1 is also provided with a steam drum 5, the gasification reactor 1 is provided with a double-shell water jacket, and the steam drum 5 is communicated with the inner cavity of the double shell of the gasification reactor 1 and is used for generating circulating steam to absorb part of heat of hot fluid in the gasification reactor 1.
In the present embodiment, the reaction pressure of the gasification reactor 1 can be set from normal pressure to 10.0mpa (g) or more and even higher. The front end of the calcium carbide preparing device for recycling the organic solid wastes and preparing the calcium carbide is provided with equipment for drying and molding the organic wastes into blocky raw materials, and the organic wastes are molded into qualified 6-100mm blocky raw material blocks. At the same time, lime is required to be addedRaw materials such as stones and coal blocks are crushed into raw material blocks with the same specification, and the raw material blocks are mixed with organic garbage blocks in a bin. The mixed raw material bin 4 is fed into a feeding lock hopper 3, in the embodiment, the feeding lock hopper 3 uses double variable pressure feeding lock hopper alternate operation, the raw material blocks in the feeding lock hopper 3 enter a feeding tank 2, the feeding tank 2 feeds materials for 1-10 times per hour, and the materials are uniformly distributed and added into a gasification reactor 1; the feeding lock bucket 3 and the feeding bucket 2 are filled with N when in work2Or CO2And (6) protecting.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: gasifying agents (oxygen and steam) are uniformly distributed and fed from the bottom of the gasification reactor 1; the bottom gasifying agent is heated by the hot ash and then enters the oxide layer, and oxygen contacts the hot raw material layer to generate violent combustion reaction to generate CO2And release a large amount of organic gases. Under the heating, the limestone also decomposes into CaO and CO2CaO continues to react with C at high temperature to finally generate CaC2And CO; the gas after oxidation reaction goes upwards into the reduction layer, and CO in the reduction layer2And steam reacts with C to form CO and H2And a part of CH4(ii) a The reaction gas upwards enters a dry distillation layer and a drying layer, contacts with a raw material block entering the top of the gasification reactor 1 to exchange heat, and enters the drying layer; the reaction gas leaves the dry layer and carries unreacted steam, volatile components escaping from the dry distillation of the raw material blocks and evaporated moisture into a hollow layer at the top of the gasification reactor 1; the crude reaction gas produced in the gasification reactor 1 is led out through the reaction gas outlet 8 of the gasification reactor 1.
The raw material blocks in the gasification reactor 1 slowly move to the bottom of the gasification reactor 1 along with the gasification reaction, most of combustible elements react to generate reaction gas components which enter a gas phase, and only non-combustible calcium carbide and ash residues are left. The calcium carbide and the ash slag are completely melted at high temperature, harmful substances such as dioxin and the like possibly contained in the ash slag are thoroughly eliminated, flow out of the bottom of the gasification reactor 1 together, enter the slag pool 9, and are discharged through the slag discharge port after being cooled by recycling heat. And cooling and filtering the slag to obtain the calcium carbide.
In the embodiment, the gasification reactor 1 is provided with a double-shell water jacket to absorb part of heat of hot fluid in the gasification reactor 1 and generate steam as a byproduct, and the steam returns to the gasification reactor 1 from the steam drum 5 through the steam superheater to be used as a gasification agent so as to reduce the consumption of external steam. Meanwhile, a water wall coil and a refractory lining can be arranged in the gasification reactor 1 according to the requirement of raw materials. The gasification reactor 1 is additionally provided with temperature monitoring, and an annular steam 7 is arranged in a combustion area to prevent combustion overtemperature.
The reaction temperature of the calcium carbide is above 2000 ℃, and all organic components in the synthesis gas, CH4 and the like are decomposed into CO and H2Therefore, the waste gas can be directly sent to the subsequent working section without passing through the conversion device 13.
The above description is only a partial preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A calcium carbide preparation device by recycling organic solid wastes is characterized by comprising a gasification reactor (1), a feeding part, a slag discharging part and an air feeding part; the gasification reactor (1) is used for the combustion reaction of organic garbage raw material blocks; the feeding part is arranged at the top of the gasification reactor (1) and is used for supplying organic garbage raw material blocks in the gasification reactor (1); the slag discharging part is arranged at the bottom of the gasification reactor (1) and is used for discharging slag after the organic waste raw material blocks are combusted; the gas supply part is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor (1) and is used for feeding a gasification agent into the gasification reactor (1); and the middle upper part of the gasification reactor (1) is provided with a reaction gas outlet (8).
2. The device for recycling organic solid waste and preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1, wherein the feeding part comprises a raw material bin (4), a feeding lock hopper (3) and a feeding tank (2), one end of the feeding tank (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the gasification reactor (1), and the other end of the feeding tank is fixedly connected with one end of the feeding lock hopper (3); the other end of the feeding lock hopper (3) is fixedly connected with the raw material bin (4), the feeding lock hopper (3) and the feeding hopperN is filled in the charging bucket (2) when in work2Or CO2And (6) protecting.
3. The device for recycling organic solid waste and preparing calcium carbide according to claim 2, wherein the feeding lock hopper (3) is a double-pressure-swing feeding lock hopper for alternately feeding.
4. The device for recycling organic solid waste and preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1, wherein the gas feeding part comprises a mixer (11), an oxygen input pipeline and a steam input pipeline are arranged on one side of the mixer (11), the other side of the mixer is communicated with the gasification reactor (1) and used for mixing oxygen and steam to form a gasification agent, and then the gasification agent is input into the gasification reactor (1).
5. The calcium carbide device prepared by recycling organic solid waste according to claim 4, wherein the slag discharging part comprises a slag pool (9), one end of the slag pool (9) is communicated with the bottom of the gasification reactor (1), and the other end of the slag pool is provided with a slag discharging port for discharging molten slag.
6. The device for recycling organic solid waste and preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1, wherein a steam drum (5) is further arranged outside the gasification reactor (1), the gasification reactor (1) is a double-shell water jacket, and the steam drum (5) is communicated with an inner cavity of the double shells of the gasification reactor (1) and used for generating circulating steam to absorb part of heat of hot fluid in the gasification reactor (1).
7. The calcium carbide device prepared by recycling organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein a conversion device (13) is further provided, and the conversion device (13) is hermetically communicated with the reaction gas outlet (8) and is used for increasing the temperature of the reaction gas to over 1000 ℃ and completely decomposing organic impurities such as dioxin into CO and H2.
8. The device for recycling organic solid wastes and preparing calcium carbide according to claim 1, wherein carbon-rich substances such as limestone and coal, or coke and semi-coke can be mixed with organic garbage in a raw material bin, and then the mixture is fed into a gasification reactor (1), and the reaction temperature is increased to more than 2000 ℃, so that calcium carbide CaC2 can be produced while synthesis gas of CO and H2 is produced, and the calcium carbide is discharged from the bottom of the device in the form of molten slag; in the process, the conversion device is eliminated, and the device can be arranged but not put into use and is only used for dust sedimentation of the synthesis gas.
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| CN202111248756.4A CN113969190A (en) | 2021-10-26 | 2021-10-26 | Organic solid waste recycling and calcium carbide preparation device |
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| CN103011164A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-03 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Method for preparing calcium carbide and synthetic gas via flameless oxidation heating method, and calcium carbide reactor |
| CN103272536A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-09-04 | 北京化工大学 | Composite bed reactor and method for combined production of calcium carbide, gas and tar |
| CN105176589A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 大连金重鼎鑫科技有限公司北京分公司 | Coke fixed bed pressurization gasification device and process |
| CN111321011A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-23 | 北京金泰瑞和工程科技有限公司 | Organic garbage decomposition and gasification system and method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103272536A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-09-04 | 北京化工大学 | Composite bed reactor and method for combined production of calcium carbide, gas and tar |
| CN103011164A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-03 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Method for preparing calcium carbide and synthetic gas via flameless oxidation heating method, and calcium carbide reactor |
| CN105176589A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 大连金重鼎鑫科技有限公司北京分公司 | Coke fixed bed pressurization gasification device and process |
| CN111321011A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-06-23 | 北京金泰瑞和工程科技有限公司 | Organic garbage decomposition and gasification system and method |
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Application publication date: 20220125 |