CN113968334A - Marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113968334A
CN113968334A CN202111454004.3A CN202111454004A CN113968334A CN 113968334 A CN113968334 A CN 113968334A CN 202111454004 A CN202111454004 A CN 202111454004A CN 113968334 A CN113968334 A CN 113968334A
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battery pack
lithium battery
unit
switch
aluminum
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Inventor
吴强
张华榜
王红强
李庆余
黄有国
李钦
秦国锋
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Guangxi Normal University
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Guangxi Normal University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
    • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/75—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/21—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/32—Waterborne vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H2021/003—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the power plant using fuel cells for energy supply or accumulation, e.g. for buffering photovoltaic energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/21—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
    • B63H2021/216—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels using electric control means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system and a control method thereof, wherein the system comprises a lithium battery part and an aluminum-air battery part, the lithium battery part is provided with a first lithium battery pack and a second lithium battery pack which are connected in parallel and connected with external charging equipment, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are respectively connected with a first DC/DC unit, a first switch, a second DC/DC unit and a second switch, the aluminum-air battery part is provided with the aluminum-air battery pack and a third DC/DC unit connected with the aluminum-air battery pack, the third DC/DC unit is arranged between the first switch and the second switch and is connected with a direct current bus through a third switch, the aluminum-air battery pack, the first DC/DC unit, the second DC/DC unit, the third DC/DC unit, the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack, the first inverter and the second inverter are all connected with a whole ship energy management and control unit, namely a ship control terminal. The system has the advantages of environmental friendliness, no toxicity, no pollution, low cost, simple operation and good applicability.

Description

Marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an application technology of clean renewable energy in ship power propulsion, in particular to a ship aluminum-air battery hybrid power system and a control method thereof.
Background
The traditional ship is mainly driven by a diesel engine, so that the pollution to water areas such as rivers and lakes is large, and the development of intelligent ships, green oceans and hybrid ships has great significance in order to protect the ecological environment of the water areas such as the rivers and the lakes.
The aluminum air fuel battery has the advantages of high energy density, high safety, rich resources, low manufacturing cost, light weight, cleanness, easy recovery, no power loss after long-term storage and the like, and the single aluminum air battery serving as a ship power system has the problems of soft load characteristic, low power and the like during discharge; the single lithium battery is used as a ship power system, and the problems of short endurance mileage, heavy weight and the like exist. Therefore, the hybrid power battery system formed by combining the lithium ion battery and the aluminum air battery can meet the requirements of environmental protection, energy conservation and sustainable development at the same time, and is widely applied to the field of new energy ships.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system and a control method thereof, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The hybrid power system has the advantages of environmental friendliness, no toxicity and no pollution, adopts flexible switching of multiple modes, can realize energy conservation and emission reduction to fully utilize resources, and has low cost, simple operation and good applicability.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
a hybrid power system of an aluminum air battery for a ship comprises a lithium battery part and an aluminum air battery part, wherein,
the lithium battery part is provided with a first lithium battery pack and a second lithium battery pack which are connected in parallel and connected with external charging equipment, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are respectively connected with a first DC/DC unit and a first switch, a second DC/DC unit and a second switch, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are connected in parallel with a direct current bus and connected into a first inverter and a second inverter, the first inverter is connected with a daily load, and the second inverter is connected with a propeller through a propulsion motor;
the aluminum-air battery part is provided with an aluminum-air battery pack and a third DC/DC unit connected with the aluminum-air battery pack, and the third DC/DC unit is arranged between the first switch and the second switch and is connected to the direct current bus through a third switch;
the electric energy generated by the aluminum air battery pack charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack through the third DC/DC unit or is connected to the direct current bus, the first lithium battery pack discharges electricity to the direct current bus through the first DC/DC unit, and the second lithium battery pack discharges electricity to the direct current bus through the second DC/DC unit;
the aluminum-air battery pack, the first DC/DC unit, the second DC/DC unit, the third DC/DC unit, the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack, the first inverter and the second inverter are all connected with a whole ship energy management and control unit, namely a ship control terminal, the ship control terminal collects information and controls all systems connected with the ship control terminal, and the working mode is adjusted in time according to the states of all the systems.
The propulsion motor and the propeller adopt a group of single propulsion system or two groups of double propulsion systems.
Any one group of aluminum-air batteries in the aluminum-air battery pack is provided with a liquid circulation pipeline, an electric pile layer, a radiator, an electrolyte tank and a circulating water pump, the electrolyte tank is connected with the electric pile layer through the circulating water pump, the electric pile layer is connected with the electrolyte tank through the liquid circulation pipeline, the electric pile layer is connected with the radiator, electrolyte enters the electric pile layer from the electrolyte tank through the circulating water pump, and redundant electrolyte flows back to the electrolyte tank through the liquid circulation pipeline under the action of gravity; the radiator cools and radiates the galvanic pile layer through air cooling.
The first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are both lithium battery packs with battery management systems.
The working modes of the marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system mainly comprise the following modes: a pure lithium battery mode, a pure aluminum-air battery mode, a first hybrid mode, a second hybrid mode, a range extending mode, a hybrid range extending mode, an emergency mode and an external charging mode, wherein the first hybrid mode and the second hybrid mode are collectively called a hybrid mode,
the pure lithium battery mode is: the aluminum-air battery pack is closed, and the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack respectively supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor or the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor;
the pure aluminum empty cell mode is as follows: the aluminum-air battery pack is started, the aluminum-air battery pack supplies power to a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum-air battery pack does not charge the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the first hybrid mode is: the aluminum air battery pack, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power for a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum air battery pack does not charge the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the second hybrid mode is: the aluminum air battery pack and the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power to a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum air battery pack does not charge the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the range extending mode is: the aluminum-air battery pack supplies power for a daily load and a propulsion motor, and charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the hybrid range-extending mode is: the aluminum air battery pack and the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power for a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum air battery pack charges the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack;
the emergency mode is as follows: when the first lithium battery pack has a fault or the SOC is lower than the lower threshold value and the second lithium battery pack has a fault or the SOC is lower than the lower threshold value, a standby aluminum plate in the aluminum-air battery is used, and the aluminum-air battery pack supplies power to a daily load and a propulsion motor;
the external charging mode is as follows: respectively charging the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack through external charging equipment;
the aluminum-air battery pack always works in a relatively constant power state.
A control method of a marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system comprises the marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system, wherein the control is controlled by a ship body control terminal, and the method comprises the following steps:
based on the SOC of first lithium cell group, second lithium cell group, if the power demand sum of daily load and propeller changes, the size relation of the actual SOC of setting for the lithium cell and the first lithium cell group, the second lithium cell group upper limit SOC and first lithium cell group, the second lithium cell group lower limit SOC selects the marine aluminium air battery hybrid power system operational mode:
1) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack is higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than the power of the first lithium battery pack and the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are in an off state, the first DC/DC unit or the second DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit is closed, the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack supplies power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure lithium battery mode is adopted;
2) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power of the first lithium battery pack or the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are in an off state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit run, the third DC/DC unit is closed, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure lithium battery mode is adopted;
3) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are lower than the lower limit, and the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than the efficiency of the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are closed, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack supplies power to the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure aluminum air battery mode is adopted;
4) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power requirements of the first lithium battery pack and the power requirements of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit, the second DC/DC unit and the third DC/DC unit all run, the aluminum air battery pack, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a first hybrid power mode is adopted;
5) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power of the first lithium battery pack and the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit or the second DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack and the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a second hybrid power mode is adopted;
6) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are lower than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than that of the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are all in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are closed, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack supplies power to the daily load and the propeller motor, meanwhile, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are charged, and an extended-range mode is adopted;
7) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack is lower than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the propeller is smaller than the sum of the power of the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack and the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch or the second switch is in a closed state, the third switch is in a closed state, the second DC/DC unit or the first DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack and the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, the aluminum air battery pack charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack, and a hybrid extended-range mode is adopted.
The lower limit of the SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack is 40%, the lower limit threshold of the SOC is 20%, the upper limit of the SOC is 80%, and the upper limit threshold of the SOC is 95%.
In the process, the output voltage of the aluminum air battery pack is transformed to the appropriate voltage through the third DC/DC unit and then is output to the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack and the bus, the output voltage of the first lithium battery pack is transformed to the appropriate voltage through the first DC/DC unit and then is output to the bus, the output voltage of the second lithium battery pack is transformed to the appropriate voltage through the second DC/DC unit and then is output to the bus, and therefore the impact of voltage on the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack and the bus can be reduced.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
1) the lithium battery is used as a main power source, and the aluminum air battery is used as an auxiliary power source, so that the cruising ability of the ship electric propulsion system can be improved, and frequent shore charging is not needed;
2) the aluminum-air battery works in a relatively constant power state, so that the service life of the aluminum-air battery can be prolonged;
3) an external charging device is adopted to charge the lithium battery, and energy is supplemented through charging when the lithium battery is in shore;
4) when the demand of the power system and the daily load changes, the ship body control terminal can flexibly adjust the operation mode and reduce the energy consumption based on the SOC of the lithium battery and the actual situation of the aluminum-air battery;
5) the aluminum-air battery and the lithium battery have the advantages of environmental friendliness, no toxicity and no pollution.
The hybrid power system has the advantages of environmental friendliness, no toxicity and no pollution, adopts flexible switching of multiple modes, can realize energy conservation and emission reduction to fully utilize resources, and has low cost, simple operation and good applicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and examples, without however being limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, a hybrid system of an aluminum air battery for a ship includes a lithium battery part and an aluminum air battery part, wherein,
the lithium battery part is provided with a first lithium battery pack and a second lithium battery pack which are connected in parallel and connected with external charging equipment, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are respectively connected with a first DC/DC unit and a first switch, a second DC/DC unit and a second switch, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are connected in parallel with a direct current bus and connected into a first inverter and a second inverter, the first inverter is connected with a daily load, and the second inverter is connected with a propeller through a propulsion motor;
the aluminum-air battery part is provided with an aluminum-air battery pack and a third DC/DC unit connected with the aluminum-air battery pack, and the third DC/DC unit is arranged between the first switch and the second switch and is connected to the direct current bus through a third switch;
the electric energy generated by the aluminum air battery pack charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack through the third DC/DC unit or is connected to the direct current bus, the first lithium battery pack discharges electricity to the direct current bus through the first DC/DC unit, and the second lithium battery pack discharges electricity to the direct current bus through the second DC/DC unit;
the aluminum-air battery pack, the first DC/DC unit, the second DC/DC unit, the third DC/DC unit, the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack, the first inverter and the second inverter are all connected with a whole ship energy management and control unit, namely a ship control terminal, the ship control terminal collects information and controls all systems connected with the ship control terminal, and the working mode is adjusted in time according to the states of all the systems.
The propulsion motor and the propeller adopt a group of single propulsion system or two groups of double propulsion systems.
Arbitrary a set of aluminium air battery all is equipped with the liquid circulation pipeline in the aluminium air battery group, the pile layer, the radiator, the electrolyte case, circulating water pump, the electrolyte case passes through circulating water pump and is connected with the pile layer, the pile layer passes through the liquid circulation pipeline and is connected with the electrolyte case, the pile layer is connected with the radiator, electrolyte passes through circulating water pump and gets into the pile layer from the electrolyte case, unnecessary electrolyte flows back to the electrolyte case through the liquid circulation pipeline under the action of gravity, the radiator cools down, dispels the heat through forced air cooling to the pile layer.
The first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are both lithium batteries with battery management systems.
The working modes of the marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system mainly comprise the following modes: a pure lithium battery mode, a pure aluminum-air battery mode, a first hybrid mode, a second hybrid mode, a range extending mode, a hybrid range extending mode, an emergency mode and an external charging mode, wherein the first hybrid mode and the second hybrid mode are collectively called a hybrid mode,
the pure lithium battery mode is: the aluminum-air battery pack is closed, and the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack respectively supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor or the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor;
the pure aluminum empty cell mode is as follows: the aluminum-air battery pack is started, the aluminum-air battery pack supplies power to a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum-air battery pack does not charge the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the first hybrid mode is: the aluminum air battery pack, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power for a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum air battery pack does not charge the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the second hybrid mode is: the aluminum air battery pack and the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power to a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum air battery pack does not charge the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the range extending mode is: the aluminum-air battery pack supplies power for a daily load and a propulsion motor, and charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack;
the hybrid range-extending mode is: the aluminum air battery pack and the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack jointly supply power for a daily load and a propulsion motor, and the aluminum air battery pack charges the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack;
the emergency mode is as follows: when the first lithium battery pack has a fault or the SOC is lower than the lower threshold value and the second lithium battery pack has a fault or the SOC is lower than the lower threshold value, a standby aluminum plate in the aluminum-air battery is used, and the aluminum-air battery pack supplies power to a daily load and a propulsion motor;
the external charging mode is as follows: respectively charging the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack through external charging equipment;
the aluminum-air battery pack always works in a relatively constant power state.
A control method of a marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system comprises the marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system, wherein the control is controlled by a ship body control terminal, and the method comprises the following steps:
based on the SOC of first lithium cell group, second lithium cell group, if the power demand sum of daily load and propeller changes, the size relation of the actual SOC of setting for the lithium cell and the first lithium cell group, the second lithium cell group upper limit SOC and first lithium cell group, the second lithium cell group lower limit SOC selects the marine aluminium air battery hybrid power system operational mode:
1) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack is higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than the power of the first lithium battery pack and the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are in an off state, the first DC/DC unit or the second DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit is closed, the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack supplies power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure lithium battery mode is adopted;
2) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power of the first lithium battery pack or the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are in an off state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit run, the third DC/DC unit is closed, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure lithium battery mode is adopted;
3) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are lower than the lower limit, and the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than the efficiency of the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are closed, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack supplies power to the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure aluminum air battery mode is adopted;
4) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power requirements of the first lithium battery pack and the power requirements of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit, the second DC/DC unit and the third DC/DC unit all run, the aluminum air battery pack, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a first hybrid power mode is adopted;
5) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power of the first lithium battery pack and the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit or the second DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack and the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a second hybrid power mode is adopted;
6) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are lower than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than that of the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are all in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are closed, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack supplies power to the daily load and the propeller motor, meanwhile, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are charged, and an extended-range mode is adopted;
7) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack is lower than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the propeller is smaller than the sum of the power of the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack and the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch or the second switch is in a closed state, the third switch is in a closed state, the second DC/DC unit or the first DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack and the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, the aluminum air battery pack charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack, and a hybrid extended-range mode is adopted.
In this example, the lower limit of the SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack is 40%, the lower limit threshold of the SOC is 20%, the upper limit of the SOC is 80%, and the upper limit threshold of the SOC is 95%.
In the process, the output voltage of the aluminum air battery pack is transformed to the appropriate voltage through the third DC/DC unit and then is output to the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack and the bus, the output voltage of the first lithium battery pack is transformed to the appropriate voltage through the first DC/DC unit and then is output to the bus, the output voltage of the second lithium battery pack is transformed to the appropriate voltage through the second DC/DC unit and then is output to the bus, and therefore the impact of voltage on the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack and the bus can be reduced.

Claims (6)

1. A hybrid power system of an aluminum air battery for a ship is characterized by comprising a lithium battery part and an aluminum air battery part, wherein,
the lithium battery part is provided with a first lithium battery pack and a second lithium battery pack which are connected in parallel and connected with external charging equipment, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are respectively connected with a first DC/DC unit and a first switch, a second DC/DC unit and a second switch, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are connected in parallel with a direct current bus and connected into a first inverter and a second inverter, the first inverter is connected with a daily load, and the second inverter is connected with a propeller through a propulsion motor;
the aluminum-air battery part is provided with an aluminum-air battery pack and a third DC/DC unit connected with the aluminum-air battery pack, and the third DC/DC unit is arranged between the first switch and the second switch and is connected to the direct current bus through a third switch;
the electric energy generated by the aluminum air battery pack charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack through the third DC/DC unit or is connected to the direct current bus, the first lithium battery pack discharges electricity to the direct current bus through the first DC/DC unit, and the second lithium battery pack discharges electricity to the direct current bus through the second DC/DC unit;
the aluminum-air battery pack, the first DC/DC unit, the second DC/DC unit, the third DC/DC unit, the first lithium battery pack, the second lithium battery pack, the first inverter and the second inverter are all connected with a whole ship energy management and control unit, namely a ship control terminal.
2. The marine aluminum-air battery hybrid system of claim 1, wherein the propulsion motor and propeller employ one set of single propulsion system or two sets of dual propulsion systems.
3. The marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system according to claim 1, wherein any one group of aluminum-air batteries in the aluminum-air battery group is provided with a liquid circulation pipeline, a galvanic pile layer, a radiator, an electrolyte tank and a circulation water pump, the electrolyte tank is connected with the galvanic pile layer through the circulation water pump, the galvanic pile layer is connected with the electrolyte tank through the liquid circulation pipeline, the galvanic pile layer is connected with the radiator, electrolyte enters the galvanic pile layer from the electrolyte tank through the circulation water pump, redundant electrolyte flows back to the electrolyte tank through the liquid circulation pipeline under the action of gravity, and the radiator cools and radiates the heat of the galvanic pile layer through air cooling.
4. The marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system according to claim 1, wherein the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are both lithium battery packs with their own battery management systems.
5. A control method of a marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system, which is characterized by comprising the marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the control is controlled by a ship body control terminal, and the method comprises the following processes:
based on the SOC of first lithium cell group, second lithium cell group, if the power demand sum of daily load and propeller changes, the size relation of the actual SOC of setting for the lithium cell and the first lithium cell group, the second lithium cell group upper limit SOC and first lithium cell group, the second lithium cell group lower limit SOC selects the marine aluminium air battery hybrid power system operational mode:
1) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack is higher than the lower limit, and the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than the power of the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are in an off state, the first DC/DC unit or the second DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit is closed, the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack supplies power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure lithium battery mode is adopted;
2) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power of the first lithium battery pack or the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are in an off state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit run, the third DC/DC unit is closed, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure lithium battery mode is adopted;
3) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are lower than the lower limit, and the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than the efficiency of the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are closed, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack supplies power to the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a pure aluminum air battery mode is adopted;
4) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power requirements of the first lithium battery pack and the power requirements of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit, the second DC/DC unit and the third DC/DC unit all run, the aluminum air battery pack, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a first hybrid power mode is adopted;
5) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are higher than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is larger than the power of the first lithium battery pack and the power of the second lithium battery pack, the first switch and the second switch are in an off state, the third switch is in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit or the second DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack and the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, and a second hybrid power mode is adopted;
6) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the actual SOC of the second lithium battery pack are lower than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the power requirements of the propeller is smaller than that of the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch, the second switch and the third switch are all in a closed state, the first DC/DC unit and the second DC/DC unit are closed, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack supplies power to the daily load and the propeller motor, meanwhile, the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are charged, and an extended-range mode is adopted;
7) if the actual SOC of the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack is lower than the lower limit, the sum of the power requirements of the daily load and the propeller is smaller than the sum of the power of the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack and the aluminum air battery pack, the first switch or the second switch is in a closed state, the third switch is in a closed state, the second DC/DC unit or the first DC/DC unit runs, the third DC/DC unit runs, the aluminum air battery pack and the second lithium battery pack or the first lithium battery pack supply power for the daily load and the propulsion motor, the aluminum air battery pack charges the first lithium battery pack or the second lithium battery pack, and a hybrid extended-range mode is adopted.
6. The control method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the lower limit of the SOC of the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack is 40%, the lower limit threshold of the SOC is 20%, the upper limit of the SOC is 80%, and the upper limit threshold of the SOC is 95%.
CN202111454004.3A 2021-12-01 2021-12-01 Marine aluminum-air battery hybrid power system and control method thereof Pending CN113968334A (en)

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