CN113964875A - Stability analysis method for voltage source control type grid-connected converter - Google Patents

Stability analysis method for voltage source control type grid-connected converter Download PDF

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CN113964875A
CN113964875A CN202111430759.XA CN202111430759A CN113964875A CN 113964875 A CN113964875 A CN 113964875A CN 202111430759 A CN202111430759 A CN 202111430759A CN 113964875 A CN113964875 A CN 113964875A
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grid
voltage source
converter
control type
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CN113964875B (en
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桑顺
黄杰杰
张雷
薛晓岑
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Nantong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a stability analysis method of a voltage source control type grid-connected converter, which judges the stability of a grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter according to the relationship between the sum of phase increments of two branches of an impedance and matrix frequency characteristic curve and the number of pole points of an open-loop right half plane of the impedance and matrix by calculating the sum of impedance matrixes of a subsystem of the voltage source control type converter and a subsystem of a power grid. The stability analysis method provided by the application overcomes the defect that the conventional stability analysis method based on the impedance ratio is not suitable for the voltage source control type grid-connected converter, and improves the accuracy and correctness of the stability analysis of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system.

Description

Stability analysis method for voltage source control type grid-connected converter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electricity, particularly relates to the technical field of stability control of a new energy grid-connected converter, and particularly relates to a stability analysis method of a voltage source control type grid-connected converter.
Background
The control of a grid-connected converter is the key influencing the grid-connected performance of new energy (such as wind power and photovoltaic), at present, the conventional control strategy of the grid-connected converter adopts a phase-locked loop (PLL) to be synchronous and directional with a power grid, realizes power regulation in a current injection mode, embodies the characteristics of a current source, and can be called as current source control. The voltage source control directly controls the amplitude and the phase of the output voltage of the converter through simulating a synchronous generator equation, has the function of a phase-locked loop-free autonomous synchronous power grid, and belongs to a forming type grid-connected control mode. The converter controlled by the voltage source can actively support a power grid, presents the external characteristics of the voltage source similar to a synchronous generator, and is suitable for a novel power system taking new energy as a leading power source. Virtual synchronous generator control, power synchronous control, etc. can all be considered voltage source control.
With the continuous improvement of the proportion of new energy accessed to an electric power system, abnormal interaction between a grid-connected converter and a power grid causes a series of oscillation instability problems, such as low-frequency oscillation, subsynchronous oscillation, supersynchronous oscillation and the like, which endanger the safe and stable operation of the power grid. At present, a mature stability analysis and discrimination method exists for the problem of abnormal interaction between a current source control type grid-connected converter and a power grid, see appendix 1(a), an equivalent circuit model of a current source control type converter grid-connected system, and the grid-connected converter is equivalent to an ideal current source parallel impedance ZoutThe power grid is equivalent to an ideal voltage source series impedance Zg. The stability analysis method of the current source control type converter grid-connected system is mature, namely according to the impedance ratio Zg/ZoutWhether the nyquist criterion (or the generalized nyquist criterion) is satisfied to judge whether or not to stabilize.
For the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system, the equivalent circuit model is shown as the attached figure 1(b), and the grid-connected converter is equivalent to an ideal voltage source series impedance ZoutThe power grid is equivalent to an ideal voltage source series impedance Zg. Since the characteristics of the grid-connected system of the voltage source controlled converter and the grid-connected system of the current source controlled converter are different, the impedance ratio Z cannot be simply determinedg/ZoutWhether the nyquist criterion (or the generalized nyquist criterion) is satisfied. Simply according to the impedance ratio Zg/ZoutTo determine the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source controlled converter, the stability analysis is necessarily inaccurate, and therefore, there is a great need to research a voltage-oriented systemThe stability analysis method of the source control type converter grid-connected system improves the accuracy and correctness of the stability analysis of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
Conventional based on impedance ratio Zg/ZoutThe stability analysis method for judging whether the Nyquist criterion is met is suitable for the current source control type converter grid-connected system, and the stability judgment is inaccurate if the stability analysis method is simply used for judging the stability of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system. The invention aims to solve the problem and provides a stability analysis method for a voltage source control type converter grid-connected system, so that the accuracy and the correctness of the stability analysis of the system are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a stability analysis method of a voltage source control type grid-connected converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting parameters, structures and initial state variables of a grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter, and establishing an output impedance matrix model Z of the voltage source control type converter under a rotating dq coordinate system according to the system parameters and the initial state variablesoutImpedance matrix model Z of power gridg；
S2: calculating the sum Z of the output impedance matrix of the voltage source control type converter and the impedance matrix of the power gridsumI.e. Zsum＝Zout+Zg；
S3: calculating the sum of the impedances and the matrix ZsumRight half-plane pole number of open loop RHP (Z)sum)；
S4: plotting the impedance sum matrix ZsumThe frequency characteristic curve of (1), wherein the frequency is increased from- ∞ Hz to + ∞ Hz; impedance sum matrix ZsumHas two frequency characteristic curves of lambda1And λ2The frequency characteristic curve lambda of the calculation frequency is increased from-infinity Hz to + ∞1By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000032
Frequency characteristic curve when calculating frequency from-infinity Hz to + ∞HzLine lambda2By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000033
S5: according to RHP (Z)sum) And the impedance sum matrix ZsumPhase increment of frequency characteristic curve
Figure BDA0003380100850000034
Judging the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter, if the following relation is satisfied,
Figure BDA0003380100850000031
the grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter can stably operate; otherwise, the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system is unstable in operation.
Preferably, the parameters and structures of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system comprise a topological structure of a grid-connected converter, a structure of a control block diagram, converter control parameters, converter electrical parameters, grid line parameters and transformer parameters.
Preferably, the initial state variables can be obtained through a simulation model set up on computer simulation software, and can also be calculated by substituting relevant parameters after a power flow equation is set up.
Preferably, the S3 calculates the number RHP (Z) of open-loop right half-plane polessum) According to the following steps of the method,
s3-1: calculating the sum of the impedances and the matrix ZsumAccording to the following formula,
f(s)＝det(Zsum) (2)
where det represents the calculation matrix ZsumDeterminant of (4);
s3-2: the denominator Den of the characteristic polynomial f(s) is extracted, according to the following formula,
Figure BDA0003380100850000041
wherein Num represents the numerator of the characteristic polynomial f(s), and Den represents the denominator of the characteristic polynomial f(s);
s3-3: setting the denominator Den of the characteristic polynomial f(s) to zero, calculating the characteristic value when the denominator Den is zero, and determining the number of the characteristic values with real part greater than zero as RHP (Z)sum)。
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the stability analysis method of the voltage source control type grid-connected converter, when the stability of a grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter is analyzed, the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter is judged by calculating the sum of impedance matrixes of a subsystem of the voltage source control type converter and a subsystem of a power grid and according to the relation between the sum of phase increments of two branches of an impedance and matrix frequency characteristic curve and the number of pole points of an open-loop right half-plane of the impedance and the matrix; the stability analysis method can improve the accuracy and the precision of the stability analysis of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system.
(2) In the embodiment of the application, the stability analysis method and the conventional analysis method provided by the application are respectively adopted to compare the judgment results aiming at the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system with stable operation and unstable operation, so that the stability analysis method provided by the application overcomes the defects of the conventional stability analysis method based on the impedance ratio, and the accuracy and the correctness of the stability analysis of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a current source controlled and voltage source controlled converter grid-connected system equivalent circuit model in the background art;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for analyzing stability of a voltage source controlled grid-connected converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a frequency characteristic curve of a voltage source controlled converter grid-connected system with stable operation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a frequency characteristic curve of a grid-connected system of a voltage source controlled converter with unstable operation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 2, a method for analyzing the stability of a voltage source controlled grid-connected converter includes the following steps:
s1: collecting parameters, structures and initial state variables of a grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter, and establishing an output impedance matrix model Z of the voltage source control type converter under a rotating dq coordinate system according to the system parameters and the initial state variablesoutImpedance matrix model Z of power gridg；
S2: calculating the sum Z of the output impedance matrix of the voltage source control type converter and the impedance matrix of the power gridsumI.e. Zsum＝Zout+Zg；
S3: calculating the sum of the impedances and the matrix ZsumRight half-plane pole number of open loop RHP (Z)sum)；
S4: plotting the impedance sum matrix ZsumThe frequency characteristic curve of (1), wherein the frequency is increased from- ∞ Hz to + ∞ Hz; impedance sum matrix ZsumHas two frequency characteristic curves of lambda1And λ2The frequency characteristic curve lambda of the calculation frequency is increased from-infinity Hz to + ∞1By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000052
The frequency characteristic curve lambda when the calculation frequency is increased from-infinity Hz to + ∞2By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000051
S5: according to RHP (Z)sum) Andimpedance sum matrix ZsumPhase increment of frequency characteristic curve
Figure BDA0003380100850000063
Judging the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter, if the following relation is satisfied,
Figure BDA0003380100850000061
then, the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system can stably operate; otherwise, the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system is unstable in operation.
Referring to fig. 2, the parameters and structures of the voltage source controlled converter grid-connected system include a topology structure of a grid-connected converter, a structure of a control block diagram, converter control parameters, converter electrical parameters, grid line parameters, and transformer parameters.
Referring to fig. 2, the initial state variables may be obtained through a simulation model built on computer simulation software, or may be calculated by substituting relevant parameters after a power flow equation is built.
Referring to FIG. 2, the S3 calculates the number of open-loop right half-plane poles RHP (Z)sum) According to the following steps of the method,
s3-1: calculating the sum of the impedances and the matrix ZsumAccording to the following formula,
f(s)＝det(Zsum) (2)
where det represents the calculation matrix ZsumDeterminant of (4);
s3-2: the denominator Den of the characteristic polynomial f(s) is extracted, according to the following formula,
Figure BDA0003380100850000062
wherein Num represents the numerator of the characteristic polynomial f(s), and Den represents the denominator of the characteristic polynomial f(s);
s3-3: let the denominator Den of the characteristic polynomial f(s) be zero, calculate the denominator Den is the eigenvalue of zero, and the number of eigenvalues with real part larger than zero is RHP (Z)sum)。
Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention is a frequency characteristic curve of a grid-connected system of a voltage source controlled converter with stable operation. In this embodiment, the determination method provided by the present invention is used to determine the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source controlled converter with stable operation, as shown in fig. 3(a), impedance and matrix ZsumNumber of open-loop right half-plane poles RHP (Z)sum) Is 1, impedance and matrix ZsumHas two frequency characteristic curves of lambda1And λ2As the frequency increases from- ∞ to + ∞, the frequency characteristic λ1Increases the phase from-90 deg. to 450 deg., i.e. lambda1By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000071
Is 540 °; frequency characteristic curve lambda2Increases the phase from-90 deg. to 90 deg., i.e. lambda2By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000072
Is 180 degrees; can be seen easily by comparison
Figure BDA0003380100850000073
As can be seen from fig. 3(a), the voltage source controlled converter grid-connected system can stably operate by using the stability determination method provided by the present invention. In this embodiment, a comparative example is also provided, in which a voltage source controlled converter grid-connected system with stable operation is determined by a conventional impedance ratio stability determination method, as shown in fig. 3(b), according to a frequency characteristic curve λ1、λ2Whether the frequency of the point (-1,0) is clockwise determined by stability, if the frequency characteristic curve lambda1、λ2Clockwise around the (-1,0) point, then the system is unstable; otherwise, the system can stably run; as can be seen from FIG. 3(b), the frequency characteristic curve λ1Surrounding the (-1,0) point once clockwise, the system is unstable in operation according to the conventional stability discrimination method based on the impedance ratio, and actually, the system can stably operate, which shows that the system is always stable in operationThe stability judging method based on the impedance ratio is easy to misjudge when analyzing the stability of the voltage source control type grid-connected converter, and the stability analyzing method can improve the accuracy of stability judgment.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention, a frequency characteristic curve of a grid-connected system of a voltage source controlled converter with unstable operation. In this embodiment, the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter with unstable operation is determined by using the determination method provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 4(a), impedance and a matrix ZsumNumber of open-loop right half-plane poles RHP (Z)sum) Is 1, impedance and matrix ZsumHas two frequency characteristic curves of lambda1And λ2As the frequency increases from- ∞ to + ∞, the frequency characteristic λ1Is reduced from-90 deg. to-270 deg., i.e. lambda1By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000074
Is-180 °; frequency characteristic curve lambda2Is reduced from-90 deg. to-630 deg., i.e. lambda2By the phase increment value of
Figure BDA0003380100850000075
Is-540 °; can be seen easily by comparison
Figure BDA0003380100850000076
Figure BDA0003380100850000077
Therefore, fig. 4(a) adopts the stability determination method proposed by the present invention, and the voltage source controlled converter grid-connected system cannot operate stably. In this embodiment, the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source controlled converter with unstable operation is determined by a method for determining the stability of the conventional impedance ratio, as shown in fig. 4(b), according to a frequency characteristic curve λ1、λ2Judging the stability by the number of times of clockwise surrounding the (-1,0) point; as can be seen from FIG. 4(b), the frequency characteristic curve λ1、λ2Do not surround the (-1,0) point clockwise, and are based on impedance as is conventionalThe system can stably operate, and actually cannot stably operate, so that misjudgment is easy to occur when the stability of the voltage source control type grid-connected converter is analyzed by the conventional stability judging method based on the impedance ratio, and the stability analyzing method can improve the accuracy of stability judgment.
In summary, according to the stability analysis method for the voltage source control type grid-connected converter provided by the present application, when the stability of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system is analyzed, the stability of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system is determined by calculating the sum of the impedance matrices of the voltage source control type converter subsystem and the power grid subsystem, and according to the relationship between the sum of the phase increments of the two branches of the impedance and the matrix frequency characteristic curve and the number of the impedance and the number of the right half-plane poles of the matrix open loop. The stability analysis method provided by the application overcomes the defects of the conventional stability analysis method based on the impedance ratio, and improves the accuracy and correctness of the stability analysis of the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A stability analysis method of a voltage source control type grid-connected converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting parameters, structures and initial state variables of a grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter, and establishing an output impedance matrix model Z of the voltage source control type converter under a rotating dq coordinate system according to the system parameters and the initial state variablesoutImpedance matrix model Z of power gridg；
S2: calculating the sum Z of the output impedance matrix of the voltage source control type converter and the impedance matrix of the power gridsumI.e. Zsum＝Zout+Zg；
S3: calculating the sum of the impedances and the matrix ZsumRight half-plane pole number of open loop RHP (Z)sum)；
S4: plotting the impedance sum matrix ZsumThe frequency characteristic curve of (1), wherein the frequency is increased from- ∞ Hz to + ∞ Hz; impedance sum matrix ZsumHas two frequency characteristic curves of lambda1And λ2The frequency characteristic curve lambda of the calculation frequency is increased from-infinity Hz to + ∞1By the phase increment value of
Figure FDA0003380100840000012
The frequency characteristic curve lambda when the calculation frequency is increased from-infinity Hz to + ∞2By the phase increment value of
Figure FDA0003380100840000013
S5: according to RHP (Z)sum) And the impedance sum matrix ZsumPhase increment of frequency characteristic curve
Figure FDA0003380100840000014
Figure FDA0003380100840000015
Judging the stability of the grid-connected system of the voltage source control type converter, if the following relation is satisfied,
Figure FDA0003380100840000011
then, the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system can stably operate; otherwise, the voltage source control type converter grid-connected system is unstable in operation.
2. The method for analyzing the stability of the voltage source controlled converter according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the parameters and structures of the voltage source controlled converter grid-connected system include topology structure of the grid-connected converter, structure of the control diagram, converter control parameters, converter electrical parameters, grid line parameters, and transformer parameters.
3. The method for analyzing the stability of the voltage source controlled grid-connected converter according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the initial state variables are obtained through a simulation model built on computer simulation software, or are obtained through calculation by building a power flow equation and then inputting relevant parameters.
4. The method for analyzing stability of a voltage source controlled grid-connected converter according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the number RHP (Z) of open-loop right half-plane poles is calculatedsum) The method comprises the following steps:
s3-1: calculating the sum of the impedances and the matrix ZsumAccording to the following formula,
f(s)＝det(Zsum) (2)
where det represents the calculation matrix ZsumDeterminant of (4);
s3-2: the denominator Den of the characteristic polynomial f(s) is extracted, according to the following formula,
Figure FDA0003380100840000021
wherein Num represents the numerator of the characteristic polynomial f(s), and Den represents the denominator of the characteristic polynomial f(s);
s3-3: setting the denominator Den of the characteristic polynomial f(s) to zero, calculating the characteristic value when the denominator Den is zero, and determining the number of the characteristic values with real part greater than zero as RHP (Z)sum)。
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