CN113960464B - Breaker failure analysis method and computer readable storage medium - Google Patents
Breaker failure analysis method and computer readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113960464B CN113960464B CN202111117906.8A CN202111117906A CN113960464B CN 113960464 B CN113960464 B CN 113960464B CN 202111117906 A CN202111117906 A CN 202111117906A CN 113960464 B CN113960464 B CN 113960464B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
- G01R31/3275—Fault detection or status indication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
- G01R31/3272—Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor
- G01R31/3274—Details related to measuring, e.g. sensing, displaying or computing; Measuring of variables related to the contact pieces, e.g. wear, position or resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
- G10L25/03—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 characterised by the type of extracted parameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
- G10L25/48—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use
- G10L25/51—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breaker fault analysis method and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the breaker fault analysis method comprises the following steps: collecting vibration signals or audio signals of the circuit breaker in the action process; performing time-frequency conversion on the vibration signal or the audio signal, and calculating the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal; calculating the frequency domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the frequency domain feature numbers of all the tested circuit breakers; filtering the vibration signal or the audio signal, and calculating the information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in the time domain; calculating the time domain stability score of each breaker according to the information intensity values of all the tested breakers; and carrying out weighted integration on the frequency domain stability score and the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker to obtain the total score of each circuit breaker, and analyzing whether the circuit breaker has hidden trouble or not according to the total score. According to the breaker fault analysis method, whether the breaker has a fault hidden trouble or not can be conveniently and effectively detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric fault detection, in particular to a breaker fault analysis method and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
The high voltage circuit breaker can be used for cutting off or closing the no-load current and the load current in the high voltage circuit, and has a quite perfect arc extinguishing structure and enough current breaking capability. High voltage circuit breakers are responsible for the dual tasks of control and protection in electrical power systems, with performance advantages directly related to the safe operation of the electrical power system. Mechanical failure is prone to occur because the mechanical parts of the high voltage circuit breaker are much more complex than other electrical equipment and often require operation. Once the high-voltage circuit breaker has mechanical faults, the high-voltage circuit breaker is easy to reject or malfunction, which can cause serious power system accidents and huge economic loss. Thus, in the maintenance of the power grid, the detection and maintenance of the high-voltage circuit breaker is an important content. However, the number of high voltage circuit breakers in the power grid is numerous and the detection projects are numerous. The detection and maintenance of the high-voltage circuit breaker comprise a plurality of items such as secondary circuit detection, mechanical property detection, contact resistance detection and the like, and after detection is completed, detection data are required to be analyzed and judged, so that whether the detected high-voltage circuit breaker has potential safety hazards or not is determined, and the state of the high-voltage circuit breaker is evaluated.
In the prior art, a manual inspection mode of 'due maintenance' is mainly adopted, the detection can be carried out when the faults are obvious, and the maintenance mode has the problems of temporary insufficient maintenance, excessive maintenance, blind maintenance or maintenance accidents caused by improper maintenance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a breaker fault analysis method which can conveniently and effectively detect whether the breaker has a fault hidden trouble or not.
In a first aspect, a breaker failure analysis method according to an embodiment of the invention includes the steps of: collecting vibration signals or audio signals of the circuit breaker in the action process; performing time-frequency conversion on the vibration signal or the audio signal, and calculating frequency domain feature numbers of the vibration signal or the audio signal; calculating the frequency domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the frequency domain feature numbers of all the tested circuit breakers; filtering the vibration signal or the audio signal, and calculating an information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in a time domain; calculating the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the information intensity values of all the tested circuit breakers; and carrying out weighted integration on the frequency domain stability score and the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker to obtain the total score of each circuit breaker, and analyzing whether the corresponding circuit breaker has a fault hidden trouble or not according to the total score.
The breaker fault analysis method provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: vibration signals or audio signals generated during mechanical actions of the circuit breakers are used as characteristic elements, and the frequency domain stability score and the time domain stability score difference between different circuit breakers on the same equipment are compared, so that the circuit breakers with states different from other suspected faults are accurately selected, the safe operation level of a power grid is further improved, and the working pressure of operation and maintenance workers is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the collecting vibration signals or audio signals of the circuit breaker during the action process specifically includes: acquiring the vibration signal through a vibration sensor arranged on the circuit breaker; or the audio signal is acquired through an audio sensor arranged on the circuit breaker.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the time-frequency converting is performed on the vibration signal or the audio signal, and the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal is calculated, which specifically includes: segmenting the vibration signal or the audio signal according to a preset precision requirement to form a plurality of intervals; and performing time-frequency conversion on each section of signal by adopting a fast Fourier algorithm to obtain a frequency value of each interval, and calculating the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal according to the frequency value.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the calculating the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal according to the frequency value is specifically: and taking a first average value of the frequency values obtained in all intervals, wherein the first average value is the frequency domain feature number.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the calculating the frequency domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the frequency domain feature numbers of all the tested circuit breakers specifically comprises: and (3) taking a second average value of all the frequency domain feature numbers of the tested circuit breakers, wherein the ratio of each frequency domain feature number to the second average value is the frequency domain stability score of the corresponding circuit breaker.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the filtering the vibration signal or the audio signal is specifically: and acquiring a third average value of all data points of the vibration signal or the audio signal, calculating a difference value between every two adjacent data points, and removing the data points which are positioned later if the difference value is smaller than a first preset value.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the calculating the information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in the time domain is specifically: the absolute value of the difference between each retained data point and the third average value is calculated and summed to obtain the information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in the time domain.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the calculating a time domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the information intensity values of all the tested circuit breakers specifically comprises: and acquiring fourth average values of the information intensity values of all the tested circuit breakers, wherein the ratio of the information intensity value of each circuit breaker to the fourth average value is the time domain stability score of the circuit breaker.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the weighting integration is performed on the frequency domain stability score and the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker to obtain a total score of each circuit breaker, and whether the corresponding circuit breaker has a hidden trouble or not is analyzed according to the total score, which specifically includes: weighting and integrating the frequency stability fraction and the time domain stability fraction of each circuit breaker according to the proportion of 2:1 to obtain the total fraction of each circuit breaker; and comparing the total score of each circuit breaker with a second preset value, and if the total score of the circuit breaker is lower than the second preset value, enabling the circuit breaker to have hidden trouble.
In a second aspect, a computer readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present invention has stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement a circuit breaker failure analysis method according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating steps of a method for analyzing a breaker failure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic waveform diagram of a vibration signal before and after filtering according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 1, a circuit breaker failure analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of:
S100: and collecting vibration signals or audio signals of the circuit breaker in the action process.
Specifically, a vibration sensor and/or an audio sensor may be provided in advance at the top or side of the circuit breaker, and the vibration sensor and the audio sensor are adsorbed on the circuit breaker by magnetic force. And then the circuit breaker is operated to close or open, in the process of the action of the circuit breaker, the vibration sensor is used for collecting vibration signals of the circuit breaker, the audio sensor is used for collecting audio signals of the circuit breaker, and the vibration signals or the audio signals are uploaded to processing software (such as LabVIEW and the like) in a computer for subsequent processing.
S200: and performing time-frequency conversion on the vibration signal or the audio signal, and calculating the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal.
Specifically, after the vibration signal or the audio signal is uploaded to the processing software, the processing software segments the vibration signal or the audio signal according to a preset precision requirement to form a plurality of intervals. For example, assuming that the time taken for the entire action of the circuit breaker is 20ms, a segment check point may be taken every 4ms, and the vibration signal or audio signal of 20ms may be divided into 5 intervals (specific time intervals may be customized). And then performing time-frequency conversion on each section of signal by adopting a fast Fourier algorithm to obtain a frequency value of each section, and calculating the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal according to the frequency value. For example, it is assumed that after time-frequency conversion of each signal segment by using a fast fourier algorithm, 5 frequency values are obtained in total, an average value of the 5 frequency values is calculated and is recorded as a first average value, and the first average value is used as a frequency domain feature number of the circuit breaker.
S300: and calculating the frequency domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the frequency domain feature numbers of all the tested circuit breakers.
Specifically, after the frequency domain feature number of each tested breaker is calculated, an average value is obtained for all the obtained frequency domain feature numbers, the average value is recorded as a second average value, and the ratio of the frequency domain feature number of each breaker to the second average value is the frequency domain stability score of the corresponding breaker.
S400: the vibration signal or the audio signal is filtered, and an information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in a time domain is calculated.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the upper and lower graphs in fig. 2 are schematic waveforms of the vibration signal before and after filtering, respectively. Because the vibration signal generated by the circuit breaker is a series of abrupt signals in the action process, the vibration signal needs to be filtered first, and the part with smaller fluctuation is replaced by a straight line, so that noise interference is removed. For this purpose, it is necessary to calculate the average value of the magnitudes of all the data points, record the average value as the third average value, and then calculate the difference of the magnitudes of every two adjacent data points respectively, if the difference between the two data points is less than 1% of the third average value (i.e. less than the first preset value, the specific value of the first preset value can be customized), the two data points are replaced by the value of the previous data point, and the latter data point is removed. The data points of all the reserved values are then respectively differenced with the third average value, and the sum of the absolute values of all the differences is taken as the information intensity value of the breaker in the time domain.
S500: and calculating the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the information intensity values of all the tested circuit breakers.
Specifically, after the information intensity value of each circuit breaker is obtained separately, all the information intensity values are averaged and recorded as a fourth average value. The ratio of the information intensity value of each circuit breaker to the fourth average value is the time domain stability fraction of the circuit breaker.
S600: and carrying out weighted integration on the frequency domain stability score and the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker to obtain the total score of each circuit breaker, and analyzing whether the corresponding circuit breaker has hidden trouble or not according to the total score.
Specifically, the frequency stability score and the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker can be weighted and integrated according to the proportion of 2:1 (the specific proportion can be set in a self-defined manner), so as to obtain the total score of each circuit breaker; and comparing the total score of each circuit breaker with a second preset value, and if the total score of the circuit breaker is lower than the second preset value, indicating that the circuit breaker has hidden trouble. The total score of the whole group of circuit breakers with the same type during normal operation can be determined through a preliminary experiment before a formal experiment, and a second preset value is reasonably set according to the score, because the circuit breakers of different batches possibly have certain difference in performance.
Therefore, according to the breaker fault analysis method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the vibration signal and the audio signal are adopted as characteristic elements when the breaker is mechanically operated, and the difference of the frequency domain stability fraction and the time domain stability fraction between different breakers on the same equipment is compared, so that the breaker with the state different from other suspected faults is accurately selected, the safe operation level of a power grid is further improved, and the working pressure of operation and maintenance workers is reduced.
It should be appreciated that the steps of the above-described methods in embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or carried out by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in non-transitory computer-readable memory. The method may use standard programming techniques. Each program may be implemented in a high level procedural or object oriented programming language to communicate with a computer system. However, the program(s) can be implemented in assembly or machine language, if desired. In any case, the language may be a compiled or interpreted language. Furthermore, the program can be run on a programmed application specific integrated circuit for this purpose.
Furthermore, the operations of the processes described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The processes (or variations and/or combinations thereof) described herein may be performed under control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications), by hardware, or combinations thereof, collectively executing on one or more processors. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions executable by one or more processors.
Further, the method may be implemented in any type of computing platform operatively connected to a suitable computing platform, including, but not limited to, a personal computer, mini-computer, mainframe, workstation, network or distributed computing environment, separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, and so forth. Aspects of the invention may be implemented in machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, optical read and/or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, etc., such that it is readable by a programmable computer, which when read by a computer, is operable to configure and operate the computer to perform the processes described herein. Further, the machine readable code, or portions thereof, may be transmitted over a wired or wireless network. When such media includes instructions or programs that, in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor, implement the steps described above, the invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media. The invention also includes the computer itself when programmed according to the methods and techniques of the present invention.
The computer program can be applied to the input data to perform the functions described herein, thereby converting the input data to generate output data that is stored to the non-volatile memory. The output information may also be applied to one or more output devices such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transformed data represents physical and tangible objects, including specific visual depictions of physical and tangible objects produced on a display.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "further embodiment," "some specific embodiments," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method of breaker failure analysis, comprising the steps of:
Collecting vibration signals or audio signals of the circuit breaker in the action process;
performing time-frequency conversion on the vibration signal or the audio signal, and calculating frequency domain feature numbers of the vibration signal or the audio signal;
calculating the frequency domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the frequency domain feature numbers of all the tested circuit breakers;
filtering the vibration signal or the audio signal, and calculating an information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in a time domain;
calculating the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker according to the information intensity values of all the tested circuit breakers;
The frequency domain stability fraction and the time domain stability fraction of each circuit breaker are weighted and integrated to obtain total fraction of each circuit breaker, and whether the corresponding circuit breaker has fault hidden danger or not is analyzed according to the total fraction;
the frequency domain stability score of each breaker is calculated according to the frequency domain feature numbers of all the tested breakers, and specifically comprises the following steps:
taking a second average value of all the frequency domain feature numbers of the tested circuit breakers, wherein the ratio of each frequency domain feature number to the second average value is the frequency domain stability fraction of the corresponding circuit breaker;
Calculating the time domain stability score of each breaker according to the information intensity values of all the tested breakers, wherein the time domain stability score is specifically as follows:
And acquiring fourth average values of the information intensity values of all the tested circuit breakers, wherein the ratio of the information intensity value of each circuit breaker to the fourth average value is the time domain stability score of the circuit breaker.
2. The method for analyzing the fault of the circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the step of collecting vibration signals or audio signals of the circuit breaker during the action process is specifically as follows:
Acquiring the vibration signal through a vibration sensor arranged on the circuit breaker; or the audio signal is acquired through an audio sensor arranged on the circuit breaker.
3. The circuit breaker failure analysis method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the time-frequency conversion is performed on the vibration signal or the audio signal, and frequency domain feature numbers of the vibration signal or the audio signal are calculated, specifically:
Segmenting the vibration signal or the audio signal according to a preset precision requirement to form a plurality of intervals;
And performing time-frequency conversion on each section of signal by adopting a fast Fourier algorithm to obtain a frequency value of each interval, and calculating the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal according to the frequency value.
4. The circuit breaker failure analysis method according to claim 3, wherein the calculating the frequency domain feature number of the vibration signal or the audio signal according to the frequency value is specifically:
And taking a first average value of the frequency values obtained in all intervals, wherein the first average value is the frequency domain feature number.
5. The circuit breaker failure analysis method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filtering of the vibration signal or the audio signal is specifically:
and acquiring a third average value of all data points of the vibration signal or the audio signal, calculating a difference value between every two adjacent data points, and removing the data points which are positioned later if the difference value is smaller than a first preset value.
6. The circuit breaker failure analysis method of claim 5, wherein the calculating the information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in the time domain is specifically:
The absolute value of the difference between each retained data point and the third average value is calculated and summed to obtain the information intensity value of the vibration signal or the audio signal in the time domain.
7. The circuit breaker fault analysis method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weighting and integrating the frequency domain stability score and the time domain stability score of each circuit breaker obtains a total score of each circuit breaker, and analyzes whether the corresponding circuit breaker has a fault hidden danger according to the total score, specifically:
weighting and integrating the frequency domain stability fraction and the time domain stability fraction of each circuit breaker according to the proportion of 2:1 to obtain the total fraction of each circuit breaker;
And comparing the total score of each circuit breaker with a second preset value, and if the total score of the circuit breaker is lower than the second preset value, enabling the circuit breaker to have hidden trouble.
8. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the circuit breaker failure analysis method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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