CN113960463A - On-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method for voltage regulating transformer - Google Patents
On-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method for voltage regulating transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113960463A CN113960463A CN202110972617.XA CN202110972617A CN113960463A CN 113960463 A CN113960463 A CN 113960463A CN 202110972617 A CN202110972617 A CN 202110972617A CN 113960463 A CN113960463 A CN 113960463A
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The application discloses a method for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of an on-load tap-changer of a voltage regulating transformer. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and a current signal of a driving motor of the on-load tap-changer; performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the driving motor current signal to obtain a signal analysis result; extracting characteristic parameters of on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis according to the signal analysis result; and acquiring a fault diagnosis result of the on-load tap-changer switch by combining the characteristic parameters, the fault data, the factory data and the historical data. The invention can realize the state monitoring and fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer of the voltage regulating transformer according to the vibro-acoustic fingerprint and the current of the driving motor under the charged state, does not influence the normal operation of the transformer, has no electrical connection with equipment, and has the advantages of safety, high reliability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an on-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method for a voltage regulating transformer.
Background
The transformer plays important roles of voltage transformation, electric energy distribution and the like in a power system, and the safe and stable operation of the transformer has important significance for ensuring the reliability of power supply. The on-load tap-changer is an important component of the voltage regulating transformer, realizes on-load voltage regulation of a power grid by changing the tapping position of a winding in an excitation state, and plays important roles of stabilizing load voltage, regulating reactive power flow, increasing flexibility of the power grid and the like. It is one of the only movable parts and key parts in the voltage regulating transformer. The international large power grid committee (GIGRE) and other domestic and foreign statistical results show that the on-load tap-changer faults account for more than 30% of the total faults of the transformer, the power grid faults influence the safe and stable operation of the transformer and the whole power grid, and accidents such as large-area power failure, electrical fire and the like can be caused in severe cases. The traditional preventive maintenance method has the defects of long test period, influence on normal operation of the transformer, consumption of manpower and material resources and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The method can realize the state monitoring and fault diagnosis of the on-load tap-changer of the voltage regulating transformer according to the vibro-acoustic fingerprint and the current of the driving motor under the charged state, does not influence the normal operation of the transformer, is not electrically connected with equipment, and has the advantages of safety, high reliability and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an on-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method for a voltage regulating transformer comprises the following steps:
collecting a vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and a current signal of a driving motor of the on-load tap-changer;
performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the driving motor current signal to obtain a signal analysis result;
extracting characteristic parameters of on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis according to the signal analysis result;
and acquiring a fault diagnosis result of the on-load tap-changer switch by combining the characteristic parameters, the fault data, the factory data and the historical data.
Optionally, the performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the driving motor current signal to obtain a signal analysis result includes:
and performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal of the driving motor by adopting a time domain analysis, an envelope analysis, a coincidence analysis, an energy curve analysis and a time-frequency matrix analysis fault diagnosis algorithm to obtain a signal analysis result.
Optionally, the characteristic parameters include:
and the cross correlation coefficient, the maximum value, the average value, the kurtosis, the skewness and the time-frequency distribution matrix of the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal curve of the driving motor are the energy average values of six equal intervals.
Optionally, the collecting a vibroacoustic fingerprint signal and a current signal of the driving motor of the on-load tap-changer includes:
an acceleration sensor is adopted to collect a vibroacoustic fingerprint signal of the on-load tap-changer;
and a current sensor is adopted to collect current signals of the on-load tap-changer driving motor.
In the above technique: collecting a vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and a current signal of a driving motor of the on-load tap-changer; performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the driving motor current signal to obtain a signal analysis result; extracting characteristic parameters of on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis according to the signal analysis result; and acquiring a fault diagnosis result of the on-load tap-changer switch by combining the characteristic parameters, the fault data, the factory data and the historical data. The invention can realize the state monitoring and fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer of the voltage regulating transformer according to the vibro-acoustic fingerprint and the current of the driving motor under the charged state, does not influence the normal operation of the transformer, has no electrical connection with equipment, and has the advantages of safety, high reliability and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of a tap changer on-load tap changer of a voltage regulating transformer according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is an image of a typical vibroacoustic fingerprint signal and drive motor current signal collected in the present application;
FIG. 3 is an envelope diagram of a vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and a current signal of a driving motor according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the energy distribution of vibro-acoustic fingerprint signals in the present application;
fig. 5 is a time-frequency distribution matrix of vibro-acoustic fingerprint signals in the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure in the specification. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, and not restrictive, of the embodiments of the disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or carried out in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made in the details within the description without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Example one
The invention provides an on-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method for a voltage regulating transformer.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for online monitoring and fault diagnosis of an on-load tap changer of a voltage regulating transformer includes the following steps:
101. an acceleration sensor is adopted to collect a vibroacoustic fingerprint signal of the on-load tap-changer;
in practical application, the acceleration sensor is arranged on the surface of a transformer oil tank close to a contact group of the on-load tap-changer in a magnetic attraction mode, the sensitivity of the acceleration sensor is 200mV/g, and the frequency range is 0.5 Hz-20 kHz; when the power converter is started, the acceleration sensor is started along with the power converter; the acceleration sensor collects signals under normal state and is divided into on-load tap changer vibro-acoustic fingerprint signals of five stages of driving motor starting, tap selector disconnecting, tap selector closing, transfer switch action and driving motor braking action by combining with a voltage regulating transformer action time sequence along with the starting of the acceleration sensor.
In this embodiment, the acceleration sensor may be installed in a magnetic attraction manner, may also be installed in a bolt manner, and may also be installed in a welding manner, which is not specifically limited herein.
102. Collecting current signals of a drive motor of the on-load tap-changer by adopting a current sensor;
in practical application, the current sensor is mounted at the power line of the drive motor of the on-load tap-changer in a penetrating way, the frequency range of the current sensor is 10 Hz-200 kHz, and the precision is better than 1%; after the transformer is started, the current sensor is started; with the starting of the current sensor, when current passes through the on-load tap-changer driving motor, the current sensor collects signals in a normal state and divides the signals into driving motor current signals passing through the on-load tap-changer driving motor in five stages of starting of the driving motor, disconnecting of the tap selector, closing of the tap selector, action of the change-over switch and braking of the driving motor by combining with a regulating transformer action time sequence.
In the present embodiment, the on-load tap-changer vibroacoustic fingerprint signal and the on-load tap-changer driving motor current signal collected in steps 101 and 102 are shown in fig. 2.
103. Performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal of the driving motor by adopting a time domain analysis, an envelope analysis, a contact ratio analysis, an energy curve analysis and a time-frequency matrix analysis fault diagnosis algorithm to obtain a signal analysis result;
as shown in fig. 3, the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the driving motor current signal envelope diagram obtained by envelope analysis are used.
As shown in fig. 4, the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal energy distribution curve obtained by energy analysis is used.
As shown in fig. 5, a time-frequency distribution matrix of the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal is obtained according to the time-domain characteristics and the frequency-domain characteristics of the signal.
In this embodiment, the step of acquiring the target fingerprint signal and the current signal includes the following steps:
(a) distinguishing a load action time sequence according to a signal time domain waveform, wherein the load action comprises the starting of a driving motor, the disconnection of a tapping selector, the closing of the tapping selector, the action of a change-over switch and the braking of the driving motor;
(b) the envelope analysis of the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal of the driving motor is realized by adopting discrete wavelet transform and Hilbert transform, thereby simplifying the original signal, reflecting the characteristics of the original signal and facilitating manual and computer analysis.
The discrete wavelet transform can be implemented by
Where f (t) is the original time domain signal, ψ (t) is the wavelet function, and a and b are the scale factor and the translation factor, respectively.
(c) By calculating the cross-correlation coefficient between the normal state and the real-time measured signal, the analysis of the coincidence degree of the signal can be quickly realized, and the method is used for transverse analysis and longitudinal analysis of the signal. The cross-correlation coefficient r can be calculated as follows
Wherein X (i) and Y (i) are vibration signals of normal state and real-time detection respectively,
and
is the average of the corresponding signals.
(d) After 8 layers of the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signals are decomposed by wavelet multiresolution, the component signal energy E of each layer is obtained according to the following formulakAnd drawing a signal energy curve.
Wherein xiAre the components of the layers of the vibration signal.
104. Extracting characteristic parameters of on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis according to the signal analysis result;
in this embodiment, after the signal analysis result is obtained, the cross-correlation coefficient of the on-load tap-changer vibroacoustic fingerprint signal and the envelope curve of the driving motor current signal, the maximum value, the average value, the kurtosis and the skewness of the energy curve, and the energy average value of the six-equally-divided interval of the time-frequency distribution matrix are extracted as the characteristic parameters of the voltage regulating transformer on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis, that is, the characteristic parameters are extracted.
105. And obtaining a fault diagnosis result of the on-load tap-changer switch by combining the characteristic parameters, the fault data, the factory data and the historical data.
Before extracting the characteristic parameters, acquiring fault data, factory data and data information of historical data of the power converter. And performing data fusion, data analysis and other processing on the data information and the characteristic parameters to obtain a fault diagnosis result of the on-load tap-changer switch.
The method comprises the steps of collecting a vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and a current signal of a driving motor of the on-load tap-changer; performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the driving motor current signal to obtain a signal analysis result; extracting characteristic parameters of on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis according to the signal analysis result; and acquiring a fault diagnosis result of the on-load tap-changer switch by combining the characteristic parameters, the fault data, the factory data and the historical data. The invention can realize the state monitoring and fault diagnosis of the on-load tap changer of the voltage regulating transformer according to the vibro-acoustic fingerprint and the current of the driving motor under the charged state, does not influence the normal operation of the transformer, has no electrical connection with equipment, and has the advantages of safety, high reliability and the like.
The above description is for the purpose of illustrating embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention shall fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An on-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method for a voltage regulating transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting a vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and a current signal of a driving motor of the on-load tap-changer;
performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the driving motor current signal to obtain a signal analysis result;
extracting characteristic parameters of on-load tap-changer fault diagnosis according to the signal analysis result;
and acquiring a fault diagnosis result of the on-load tap-changer switch by combining the characteristic parameters, the fault data, the factory data and the historical data.
2. The on-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method of the voltage regulating transformer according to claim 1, wherein the data analysis of the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal of the driving motor to obtain a signal analysis result comprises:
and performing data analysis on the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal of the driving motor by adopting a time domain analysis, an envelope analysis, a coincidence analysis, an energy curve analysis and a time-frequency matrix analysis fault diagnosis algorithm to obtain a signal analysis result.
3. The on-load tap-changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method of the voltage regulating transformer according to claim 1, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise:
and the cross correlation coefficient, the maximum value, the average value, the kurtosis, the skewness and the time-frequency distribution matrix of the vibro-acoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal curve of the driving motor are the energy average values of six equal intervals.
4. The on-load tap changer on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis method of the tap changer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the collecting of the vibroacoustic fingerprint signal and the current signal of the driving motor of the on-load tap changer comprises:
an acceleration sensor is adopted to collect a vibroacoustic fingerprint signal of the on-load tap-changer;
and a current sensor is adopted to collect current signals of the on-load tap-changer driving motor.
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| CN114646351A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-21 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Multi-dimensional comprehensive breaker fault feature analysis method and device |
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