CN113959985A - Multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer - Google Patents
Multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, which comprises a super-continuum spectrum light source, a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch, an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, an optical fiber beam combiner and a spectrometer, wherein the continuum spectrum light source is connected with the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch through a transmission optical fiber; the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer comprises an input optical fiber, a micro-nano coreless optical fiber, an ion imprinting film and an output optical fiber, wherein the input optical fiber, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber and the output optical fiber are sequentially connected, the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber is coated with the ion imprinting film, and the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer is arranged in an optical flow control microchamber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal ion detection, in particular to a multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer.
Background
With the rapid development of modern society, a large amount of heavy metal pollutants are discharged into rivers, lakes and underground water bodies along with industrial wastewater, agricultural water and urban domestic water. Heavy metals are easily accumulated in organisms and transferred to human organs through food chains, which poses serious threats to ecosystem and human health. The method for detecting the heavy metal ions comprises an atomic absorption spectrometry, a spectrophotometry, an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, chemiluminescence and an electrochemical method. Compared with the traditional detection technology, the optical fiber sensor has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, high precision, miniaturization, easy integration, suitability for remote sensing, no need of alignment coupling and the like, thereby becoming a research hotspot in the sensing field at home and abroad at present.
The micro-nano optical fiber interferometer is a general name of an optical fiber with the diameter of micron or nanometer magnitude, and has the remarkable characteristic of strong evanescent field; on the other hand, the fiber optic sensor amplifies the response of the fiber optic sensor to the target analyte by integrating the functionalized material, and thus has higher sensitivity.
The ion imprinting technology shows great potential in the aspect of synthesizing polymers with the function of selectively adsorbing heavy metals, target ions and functional monomers are firstly combined by the ion imprinting polymers, the obtained pre-composite is copolymerized in the presence of a cross-linking agent to form an imprinting polymer matrix, and after the target ions are removed, specific cavities appear for identification, adsorption, separation and detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, which comprises a super-continuum spectrum light source, a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch, the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, an optical fiber combiner and a spectrometer, wherein the continuum spectrum light source is connected with the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch through a transmission optical fiber, the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch is connected with the optical fiber combiner in parallel, and the optical fiber combiner is connected with the spectrometer through the transmission optical fiber.
The ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer comprises an input optical fiber, a micro-nano coreless optical fiber, an ion imprinting film and an output optical fiber, wherein the input optical fiber, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber and the output optical fiber are sequentially connected, the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber is coated with the ion imprinting film, and the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer is arranged in a light flow control microchamber.
The number of the optofluidic microchambers is consistent with that of the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometers, the optofluidic microchambers are connected in series through a pipeline, a three-way valve is arranged at an inlet of the pipeline, and a pressure pump is arranged at an outlet of the pipeline.
Wherein the input optical fiber and the output optical fiber are single mode optical fibers.
The optofluidic microchamber is of a U-shaped groove structure, the length of the optofluidic microchamber is 3-5 cm, the depth of the optofluidic microchamber is 0.5-1.0 cm, and the width of the optofluidic microchamber is 0.5-1.0 cm.
The micro-nano coreless optical fiber is made of a coreless optical fiber by adopting a fused biconical taper of a built heating quartz system.
The total length of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber before tapering is 2-5 cm, the length of a tapered area after tapering is 200-600 mu m, and the diameter of a lumbar cone is 3-8 mu m.
The ion imprinting film is prepared by coating chitosan cross-linked polymer containing template metal ions on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber through a coating machine and removing the template metal ions through dilute hydrochloric acid washing.
Wherein the chitosan cross-linked polymer containing the template metal ions is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution, and stirring uniformly;
(2) adding heavy metal ions to be detected into the solution obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring to form a chelate with chitosan;
(3) and (3) adding epoxy chloropropane into the chelate obtained in the step (2) to promote crosslinking, thereby obtaining the chitosan crosslinked polymer containing template metal ions.
The number of the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometers is two or more, and is consistent with the number of heavy metal ions to be detected.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, provided by the invention, different template heavy metal ions, namely heavy metal ions to be detected, are coated on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber to form an ion imprinting film for detecting a sample solution. Optical signals emitted by the super-continuum spectrum light source are controlled by a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch, the signal light is sequentially transmitted to the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer from the optical flow control micro-chamber and is modulated by refractive index change caused by concentration of template heavy metal ion solution matched with the ion imprinting layer on the surface of the micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, and modulated spectrum information is sequentially transmitted to the spectrometer by the optical fiber beam combiner. The trace detection of various heavy metal ions can be realized simultaneously by detecting the change of the modulated spectrum. The detection device has the advantages of rapidness, simplicity, convenience, high sensitivity, good stability, high selectivity and real-time and in-situ detection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it should be obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a supercontinuum light source, 2-a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch, 3-an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, 301-an input optical fiber, 302-a micro-nano coreless optical fiber, 303-an ion imprinting film, 304-an output optical fiber, 4-an optical fiber beam combiner, 5-a spectrometer, 6-a transmission optical fiber, 7-an optical flow control microchamber, 8-a pipeline, 9-a three-way valve and 10-a pressure pump.
Detailed Description
The following is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer, as shown in figure 1, the detection device comprises a super-continuum spectrum light source 1, a micro-electro-mechanical fiber switch 2, an ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer 3, a fiber combiner 4 and a spectrometer 5, the continuum spectrum light source 1 is connected with the micro-electro-mechanical fiber switch 2 through a transmission fiber 6, three ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometers 3 are connected between the micro-electro-mechanical fiber switch 2 and the fiber combiner 4 in parallel, and the fiber combiner 4 is connected with the spectrometer 5 through the transmission fiber 6.
As shown in fig. 2, the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer 3 includes an input optical fiber 301, a micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302, an ion imprinting film 303 and an output optical fiber 304, the input optical fiber 301, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 and the output optical fiber 304 are sequentially connected, and the ion imprinting film 303 is coated on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302; the three ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometers 3 are respectively arranged in three optofluidic microchambers 7, each optofluidic microchamber is of a U-shaped groove structure, the length of each optofluidic microchamber is 4cm, the depth of each groove is 0.5cm, the width of each groove is 0.5cm, the three optofluidic microchambers 7 are connected in series through a pipeline 8, a three-way valve 9 is arranged at the inlet of each pipeline 8, deionized water and a sample solution are injected into the optofluidic microchambers 7, a pressure pump 10 is arranged at the outlet of each pipeline 8, and the detected solution and the deionized water are recovered to a waste water tank. The input optical fiber 301 and the output optical fiber 304 are single mode optical fibers, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 is made of a coreless optical fiber by adopting a built-up heating quartz system for fused tapering, the total length of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber before tapering is 3cm, the length l of a tapered region after tapering is 500 micrometers, and the diameter d of a lumbar cone is 4 micrometers; the ion imprinting film 303 is prepared by coating a chitosan cross-linked polymer containing template metal ions on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 through a coating machine and removing the template metal ions through dilute hydrochloric acid washing.
The detection device provided by the embodiment is used for simultaneously detecting nickel ions, copper ions and chromium ions, and the chitosan cross-linked polymer containing the template metal ions is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution, and stirring uniformly;
(2) dividing the solution obtained in the step (1) into three parts, respectively adding nickel ions, copper ions and chromium ions into each part of solution, and continuously stirring to form a chelate with chitosan;
(3) and (3) adding epichlorohydrin into the three chelates obtained in the step (2) respectively to promote crosslinking, so as to obtain chitosan crosslinked polymers containing nickel ions, copper ions and chromium ions respectively.
Respectively coating chitosan cross-linked polymers containing nickel ions, copper ions and chromium ions on the surfaces of the three micro-nano coreless optical fibers 302 by using a coating machine, drying overnight, eluting by using dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain imprinted films 303 containing the nickel ions, the copper ions and the chromium ions, and respectively placing the three imprinted micro-nano optical fiber interferometers 3 in three optical micro-fluidic chambers 7. When the solution to be detected respectively flows through the three optofluidic chambers 7, the micro-electromechanical fiber switch 2 controls optical signals emitted by the supercontinuum light source 1, and the signal light is sequentially transmitted to the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer 3 from the optofluidic chambers 7 for 10s of opening time. The ion imprinting film 303 in the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 is subjected to a specific recognition reaction with a heavy metal ion solution to modulate a transmission spectrum; the optical fiber combiner 4 transmits the modulated spectrum information to the spectrometer 5, the spectrometer 5 is set to automatically store data every 10 seconds, and trace detection on nickel ions, copper ions and chromium ions can be simultaneously realized by analyzing the recorded spectrum changes.
Example 2
The invention provides a multichannel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, which comprises a super-continuum spectrum light source 1, a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2, an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3, an optical fiber beam combiner 4 and a spectrometer 5, wherein the continuum spectrum light source 1 is connected with the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 through a transmission optical fiber 6, the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 is connected with the optical fiber beam combiner 4 in parallel, and the optical fiber beam combiner 4 is connected with the spectrometer 5 through the transmission optical fiber 6.
The ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 comprises an input optical fiber 301, a micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302, an ion imprinting film 303 and an output optical fiber 304, wherein the input optical fiber 301, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 and the output optical fiber 304 are sequentially connected, and the ion imprinting film 303 is coated on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302; the two ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometers 3 are respectively arranged in two optofluidic microchambers 7, each optofluidic microchamber is of a U-shaped groove structure, the length of each optofluidic microchamber is 4cm, the depth of each groove is 0.5cm, the width of each groove is 0.5cm, the two optofluidic microchambers 7 are connected in series through a pipeline 8, a three-way valve 9 is arranged at the inlet of each pipeline 8, deionized water and a sample solution are injected into the optofluidic microchambers 7, a pressure pump 10 is arranged at the outlet of each pipeline 8, and the detected solution and the detected deionized water are recovered to a waste water tank. The input optical fiber 301 and the output optical fiber 304 are single mode optical fibers, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 is made of a coreless optical fiber by adopting a built-up heating quartz system for fused tapering, the total length of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber before tapering is 3cm, the length l of a tapered region after tapering is 500 micrometers, and the diameter d of a lumbar cone is 5 micrometers; the ion imprinting film 303 is prepared by coating a chitosan cross-linked polymer containing template metal ions on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 through a coating machine and removing the template metal ions through dilute hydrochloric acid washing.
The detection device provided by the embodiment is used for simultaneously detecting nickel ions and chromium ions, and the chitosan cross-linked polymer containing the template metal ions is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution, and stirring uniformly;
(2) dividing the solution obtained in the step (1) into two parts, respectively adding nickel ions and chromium ions into each part of solution, and continuously stirring to form a chelate with chitosan;
(3) and (3) adding epichlorohydrin into the two parts of the chelate obtained in the step (2) respectively to promote crosslinking, so as to obtain chitosan crosslinked polymers containing nickel ions and chromium ions respectively.
Respectively coating chitosan cross-linked polymers containing nickel ions and chromium ions on the surfaces of the two sections of micro-nano coreless optical fibers 302 by using a coating machine, drying overnight, eluting by using dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain nickel ion and chromium ion imprinted films 303, and respectively placing the two imprinted ion imprinted micro-nano optical fiber interferometers 3 in two optical micro-fluidic chambers 7. When the solution to be detected respectively flows through the two photo-microfluidic chambers 7, the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 controls optical signals emitted by the super-continuum spectrum light source 1, and the signal light is sequentially transmitted to the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 from the photo-microfluidic chambers 7 for 10s of opening time. The ion imprinting film 303 in the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 is subjected to a specific recognition reaction with a heavy metal ion solution to modulate a transmission spectrum; the optical fiber combiner 4 transmits the modulated spectrum information to the spectrometer 5, the spectrometer 5 is set to automatically store data every 10 seconds, and trace detection on nickel ions and chromium ions can be simultaneously realized by analyzing the recorded spectrum changes.
Example 3
The invention provides a multichannel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, which comprises a super-continuum spectrum light source 1, a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2, an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3, an optical fiber beam combiner 4 and a spectrometer 5, wherein the continuum spectrum light source 1 is connected with the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 through a transmission optical fiber 6, four ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometers 3 are connected between the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 and the optical fiber beam combiner 4 in parallel, and the optical fiber beam combiner 4 is connected with the spectrometer 5 through a transmission optical fiber 6.
The ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 comprises an input optical fiber 301, a micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302, an ion imprinting film 303 and an output optical fiber 304, wherein the input optical fiber 301, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 and the output optical fiber 304 are sequentially connected, and the ion imprinting film 303 is coated on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber (302); the four ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometers 3 are respectively arranged in four optofluidic microchambers 7, each optofluidic microchamber is of a U-shaped groove structure, the length of each optofluidic microchamber is 4cm, the depth of each groove is 0.5cm, the width of each groove is 0.5cm, the four optofluidic microchambers 7 are connected in series through a pipeline 8, a three-way valve 9 is arranged at the inlet of each pipeline 8, deionized water and a sample solution are injected into the optofluidic microchambers 7, a pressure pump 10 is arranged at the outlet of each pipeline 8, and the detected solution and the deionized water are recycled to a waste water pool. The input optical fiber 301 and the output optical fiber 304 are single mode optical fibers, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 is made of a coreless optical fiber by adopting a built-up heating quartz system for fused tapering, the total length of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber before tapering is 3cm, the length l of a tapered region after tapering is 400 micrometers, and the diameter d of a lumbar cone is 4 micrometers; the ion imprinting film 303 is prepared by coating a chitosan cross-linked polymer containing template metal ions on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 through a coating machine and removing the template metal ions through dilute hydrochloric acid washing.
The detection device provided by the embodiment is used for simultaneously detecting nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions and silver ions, and the chitosan cross-linked polymer containing the template metal ions is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution, and stirring uniformly;
(2) dividing the solution obtained in the step (1) into four parts, respectively adding nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions and silver ions into each part of solution, and continuously stirring to form a chelate with chitosan;
(3) and (3) adding epichlorohydrin into the four parts of chelate obtained in the step (2) respectively to promote crosslinking, so as to obtain chitosan crosslinked polymers containing nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions and silver ions respectively.
Respectively coating chitosan cross-linked polymers containing nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions and silver ions on the surfaces of the four sections of micro-nano coreless optical fibers 302 through a coating machine, drying overnight, eluting with dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions and silver ion imprinted films 303, and respectively placing the four imprinted ion imprinted micro-nano optical fiber interferometers 3 in four optical micro-fluidic chambers 7. When the solution to be detected respectively flows through the four optical micro-fluidic chambers 7, the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 controls optical signals emitted by the super-continuum spectrum light source 1, and the signal light is sequentially transmitted to the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 from the optical micro-fluidic chambers 7 for 10s of opening time. The ion imprinting film 303 in the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 is subjected to a specific recognition reaction with a heavy metal ion solution to modulate a transmission spectrum; the optical fiber combiner 4 transmits the modulated spectrum information to the spectrometer 5, the spectrometer 5 is set to automatically store data every 10 seconds, and trace detection on nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions and silver ions can be simultaneously realized by analyzing the recorded spectrum changes.
Example 4
The invention provides a multichannel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer, which comprises a super-continuum spectrum light source 1, a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2, an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3, an optical fiber beam combiner 4 and a spectrometer 5, wherein the continuum spectrum light source 1 is connected with the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 through a transmission optical fiber 6, five ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometers 3 are connected between the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 and the optical fiber beam combiner 4 in parallel, and the optical fiber beam combiner 4 is connected with the spectrometer 5 through a transmission optical fiber 6.
The ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 comprises an input optical fiber 301, a micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302, an ion imprinting film 303 and an output optical fiber 304, wherein the input optical fiber 301, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 and the output optical fiber 304 are sequentially connected, and the ion imprinting film 303 is coated on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302; the five ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometers 3 are respectively arranged in five optofluidic microchambers 7, each optofluidic microchamber is of a U-shaped groove structure, the length of each optofluidic microchamber is 4cm, the depth of each groove is 0.5cm, the width of each groove is 0.5cm, the five optofluidic microchambers 7 are connected in series through a pipeline 8, a three-way valve 9 is arranged at the inlet of each pipeline 8, deionized water and a sample solution are injected into the optofluidic microchambers 7, a pressure pump 10 is arranged at the outlet of each pipeline 8, and the detected solution and the deionized water are recycled to a waste water pool. The input optical fiber 301 and the output optical fiber 304 are single mode optical fibers, the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 is made of a coreless optical fiber by adopting a built-up heating quartz system for fused tapering, the total length of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber before tapering is 3cm, the length l of a tapered region after tapering is 400 micrometers, and the diameter d of a lumbar cone is 5 micrometers; the ion imprinting film 303 is prepared by coating a chitosan cross-linked polymer containing template metal ions on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber 302 through a coating machine and removing the template metal ions through dilute hydrochloric acid washing. .
The detection device provided by the embodiment is used for simultaneously detecting nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions, silver ions and cobalt ions, and the chitosan cross-linked polymer containing the template metal ions is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution, and stirring uniformly;
(2) dividing the solution obtained in the step (1) into five parts, respectively adding nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions, silver ions and cobalt ions into each part of solution, and continuously stirring to form a chelate with chitosan;
(3) and (3) adding respective epichlorohydrin to the five chelate compounds obtained in the step (2) to promote crosslinking, so as to obtain chitosan crosslinked polymers respectively containing nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions, silver ions and cobalt ions.
Respectively coating chitosan cross-linked polymers containing nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions, silver ions and cobalt ions on the surfaces of the five micro-nano coreless optical fibers 302 by using a coating machine, drying overnight, eluting by using dilute hydrochloric acid to obtain imprinted films 303 containing the nickel ions, the copper ions, the chromium ions, the silver ions and the cobalt ions, and respectively placing the five imprinted ion imprinted micro-nano optical fiber interferometers 3 in five micro-optical flow control chambers 7. When the solution to be detected respectively flows through the five optical micro-fluidic chambers 7, the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch 2 controls optical signals emitted by the super-continuum spectrum light source 1, and the signal light is sequentially transmitted to the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 from the optical micro-fluidic chambers 7 for 10s of opening time. The ion imprinting film 303 in the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer 3 is subjected to a specific recognition reaction with a heavy metal ion solution to modulate a transmission spectrum; the optical fiber combiner 4 transmits the modulated spectrum information to the spectrometer 5, the spectrometer 5 is set to automatically store data every 10 seconds, and trace detection on nickel ions, copper ions, chromium ions, silver ions and cobalt ions can be simultaneously realized by analyzing the recorded spectrum changes.
The above examples only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multichannel heavy metal ion detection device based on an ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer is characterized in that: the detection device comprises a supercontinuum light source (1), a micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch (2), an ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometer (3), an optical fiber combiner (4) and a spectrometer (5), wherein the supercontinuum light source (1) is connected with the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch (2) through a transmission optical fiber (6), the micro-electro-mechanical optical fiber switch (2) is connected with the optical fiber combiner (4) through a plurality of ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometers (3), and the optical fiber combiner (4) is connected with the spectrometer (5) through the transmission optical fiber (6).
2. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer (3) comprises an input optical fiber (301), a micro-nano coreless optical fiber (302), an ion imprinting film (303) and an output optical fiber (304), wherein the input optical fiber (301), the micro-nano coreless optical fiber (302) and the output optical fiber (304) are sequentially connected, the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber (302) is coated with the ion imprinting film (303), and the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer (3) is arranged in an optical flow control microchamber (7).
3. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the number of the optical flow control microchambers (7) is consistent with that of the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometers (3), the optical flow control microchambers (7) are connected in series through a pipeline (8), a three-way valve (9) is arranged at an inlet of the pipeline (8), and a pressure pump (10) is arranged at an outlet of the pipeline (8).
4. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the input optical fiber (301) and the output optical fiber (304) are single mode optical fibers.
5. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer is characterized in that: the photo-fluidic microchamber (7) is of a U-shaped groove structure, the length of the photo-fluidic microchamber is 3-5 cm, the depth of the photo-fluidic microchamber in the groove is 0.5-1.0 cm, and the width of the photo-fluidic microchamber in the groove is 0.5-1.0 cm.
6. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer is characterized in that: the micro-nano coreless optical fiber (302) is made of a coreless optical fiber by adopting a built heating quartz system to melt and taper.
7. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the total length of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber (302) before tapering is 2-5 cm, the length of a tapered area after tapering is 200-600 mu m, and the diameter of a lumbar cone is 3-8 mu m.
8. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer is characterized in that: the ion imprinting film (303) is prepared by coating a chitosan cross-linked polymer containing template metal ions on the surface of the micro-nano coreless optical fiber (302) through a coating machine and removing the template metal ions through dilute hydrochloric acid pickling.
9. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer of claim 8, wherein the chitosan cross-linked polymer containing template metal ions is prepared by the following steps:
(1) dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution, and stirring uniformly;
(2) adding heavy metal ions to be detected into the solution obtained in the step (1), and continuously stirring to form a chelate with chitosan;
(3) and (3) adding epoxy chloropropane into the chelate obtained in the step (2) to promote crosslinking, thereby obtaining the chitosan crosslinked polymer containing template metal ions.
10. The multi-channel heavy metal ion detection device based on the ion imprinting micro-nano fiber interferometer is characterized in that: the number of the ion imprinting micro-nano optical fiber interferometers (3) is two or more, and is consistent with the number of heavy metal ions to be detected.
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