CN113957201A - Method for preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel and electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel - Google Patents
Method for preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel and electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113957201A CN113957201A CN202111346371.1A CN202111346371A CN113957201A CN 113957201 A CN113957201 A CN 113957201A CN 202111346371 A CN202111346371 A CN 202111346371A CN 113957201 A CN113957201 A CN 113957201A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000009845 electric arc furnace steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
- C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
- C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preheating magnetically suspended steel scraps and an electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetically suspended steel scraps. The invention realizes the good heat exchange effect of the scrap steel and the flue gas of the electric furnace by utilizing the vertical and reverse motion mode, efficiently and reasonably utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas, improves the preheating effect of the scrap steel and greatly reduces the smelting power consumption of the electric arc furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel making, in particular to a method for preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel and an electric arc furnace steel making device capable of preheating the magnetic suspension scrap steel.
Background
Electric furnace steelmaking is a steelmaking process mainly taking scrap steel as a raw material, and an ironmaking system is not required to be built, so the electric furnace steelmaking is also called as a short-process steelmaking technology. At present, compared with a long process of a blast furnace converter, the emission of the pollutants in short-process steelmaking of an electric furnace is reduced by about 60 percent, and the method is more environment-friendly. But because of scrap price and electrovalence, the production cost of electric furnace steelmaking is higher than that of a converter, so that the competitiveness of the electric furnace steelmaking technology is weakened, and the rapid promotion of the electric furnace steelmaking proportion is seriously hindered. The scrap steel preheating type electric furnace directly preheats the scrap steel by using high-temperature flue gas generated in the electric furnace smelting process, can reduce the power consumption per ton of steel by 20-100 kWh/t, has very strong energy-saving and cost-reducing effects, and becomes a hotspot technology for developing the electric furnace steelmaking process at present.
At present, a Consteel electric furnace has a plurality of application performances because the thermal load of a charging device is lower, the failure rate of equipment is low, and the water leakage guarantee risk does not exist. But the scrap steel of this furnace type is charged into the furnace by a horizontal vibration device. The horizontal vibration device is divided into a charging section (without a cover) and a preheating section (with a cover). In the feeding section area, the scrap steel is adsorbed by the scrap steel across a magnetic disk of the crown block and is added onto a horizontal vibration device, and then the scrap steel enters a preheating section under the driving of horizontal vibration. In the preheating section, the scrap steel is horizontally laid on the horizontal vibration device (the bottom area of the preheating section) due to the action of gravity, and high-temperature flue gas passes through the top of the preheating section, so that the convection heat exchange between the high temperature and the scrap steel is insufficient, the preheating effect is poor, the average preheating temperature of the scrap steel is 200 ℃, the power consumption per ton of steel is saved by 20-30 kWh/t, the energy-saving effect is not obvious, and the power consumption per ton of steel is 350kWh/t under the condition of 100% of scrap steel raw materials.
Among the prior art has a reinforced preheating environment-friendly device that inclines in vertical succession for electric arc furnace, it sets up multilayer pneumatic cylinder drive finger valve structure inside the shaft, opens through the control finger valve layering that the scrap steel layering that will preheat adds in shaft bottom horizontal vibration charging chute in turn, and its existence problem lies in: (1) when the vertical shaft feeds materials to the horizontal feeding tank, the finger valve of the next layer is required to be opened and then closed, and then the finger valve of the previous layer can be opened, so that the opening and closing time is long, meanwhile, the operation control logic is complex, and the production operation efficiency can be reduced. In addition, the finger valve in the technology is driven by the hydraulic cylinder to rotate downwards around the rotating shaft in the vertical shaft to be opened, so that the highest point of the fallen scrap steel cannot prevent the finger valve from being closed, and the finger valve is difficult to control in the actual operation process and has the risk that the finger valve cannot be closed after being opened; (2) the prior art has the disadvantages of complex equipment structure, high failure rate, large maintenance amount, high water leakage probability of multilayer fingers and low safety; (3) once the finger valve fails and can not be closed in the vertical shaft, the finger valve can not be pulled out from the vertical shaft, and the maintenance is convenient.
In the prior art, there is also a steel-making apparatus, which captures steel-making raw materials by an electromagnetic brake to form a suspended material column, and the material column formed by the steel-making raw materials captured by the electromagnetic brake carries the steel-making raw materials falling from the upper part. It has problems in that: (1) the small-batch continuous feeding of the scrap steel into the furnace is impossible, the scrap steel can only be fed into the furnace in large batch after being preheated for a period of time, and the electrode needs to be lifted by cutting off the power when the scrap steel is fed, so that the electrode is prevented from being damaged by the scrap steel, the power-off time is prolonged, and the production efficiency of the electric furnace is reduced; (2) the impact of the follow-up steel scrap on the electromagnetic disc when being added can not be overcome, and the steel scrap adsorbed on the electromagnetic disc can fall into the furnace disorderly when receiving the impact of the follow-up steel scrap added.
Therefore, the inventor provides a method for preheating the magnetic suspension steel scraps and an electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating the magnetic suspension steel scraps by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preheating magnetically suspended steel scraps and an electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetically suspended steel scraps, which solve the problems that a shaft type steel scrap preheating technology cannot realize layered blanking and the problems that the dynamic condition of heat exchange between the steel scraps and flue gas of the conventional Consteel electric arc furnace is poor and the effect of preheating the steel scraps is poor.
The invention aims to realize the method for preheating the magnetic suspension steel scraps, which comprises the steps of arranging a vertical shaft structure with an electromagnet arranged on the upper part of the side wall and a finger valve arranged at the bottom above a horizontal vibration feeding device, adding the steel scraps from the top of the vertical shaft structure, enabling high-temperature flue gas to enter the vertical shaft structure through a gap of the finger valve to preheat the steel scraps, and enabling the preheated steel scraps to fall into the lower horizontal vibration feeding device layer by layer under the action of the electromagnet and the finger valve.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preheating the magnetic suspension steel scrap includes the following steps:
step a, arranging a vertical shaft structure above a horizontal vibration feeding device, wherein the upper part of the side wall of the vertical shaft structure is provided with an electromagnet, and the bottom of the vertical shaft structure is provided with a finger valve;
b, closing the finger valve, and powering off the electromagnet;
c, adding scrap steel from the top of the vertical shaft structure;
d, starting a smoke exhaust system, guiding high-temperature smoke into the vertical shaft structure from a gap of a finger valve at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure, and preheating the scrap steel by the high-temperature smoke;
e, opening the finger valve, and electrifying the electromagnet at the same time, wherein the electrified electromagnet adsorbs the scrap steel at the upper part of the vertical shaft structure to prevent the scrap steel from falling off, and a layer of preheated scrap steel at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure falls into the horizontal vibration feeding device below;
step f, closing the finger valve, powering off the electromagnet, and moving down the scrap steel in the vertical shaft structure; continuously preheating for a period of time;
step g, repeating the step e and the step f, and enabling the preheated scrap steel to finish layered falling;
and h, repeating the steps b to g.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operation time of steps e to f is 2 min.
The invention also can realize the aim that an electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating the magnetic suspension steel scraps comprises an electric arc furnace body and a horizontal vibration feeding device, and is used in the method for preheating the magnetic suspension steel scraps; the device also comprises a vertical shaft structure arranged above the horizontal vibration feeding device, wherein the upper part of the side wall of the vertical shaft structure is provided with an electromagnet, and the bottom of the vertical shaft structure is provided with a finger valve; a feeding structure is arranged above the vertical shaft structure; and the vertical shaft structure is also communicated with a smoke exhaust system.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a charging transition structure is arranged at the top of the shaft structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding transition structure includes a first gate valve and a second gate valve which are arranged at an interval from top to bottom, the first gate valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the top of the shaft structure, and the second gate valve is used for transitionally supporting the fed scrap steel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first gate valve, and the first hydraulic cylinder is used for pushing and pulling the first gate valve; and the second gate valve is connected with a second hydraulic cylinder, and the second hydraulic cylinder is used for pushing and pulling the second gate valve.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the electromagnets is plural, and the plural electromagnets are disposed at upper and lower intervals on the upper portion of the sidewall of the shaft structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the side walls of the shaft structure are made of a nonmagnetic material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the finger valve, and the third hydraulic cylinder is used for pushing and pulling the finger valve.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding structure adopts a feeding trolley, a chain plate machine or a material basket.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the shaft structures is one, two or more, and at least two electromagnets are respectively disposed on an upper portion of a sidewall of each shaft structure.
From the above, the method for preheating the magnetic suspension steel scrap and the electric arc furnace steel-making device capable of preheating the magnetic suspension steel scrap provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for preheating the magnetically suspended steel scrap and the electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating the magnetically suspended steel scrap, a preheating space is provided for preheating the steel scrap by using the vertical shaft structure, the steel scrap is preheated by high-temperature flue gas entering through a finger valve, good heat exchange between the steel scrap and the high-temperature flue gas is realized by using a vertical reverse motion mode, the flue gas waste heat is efficiently and reasonably utilized, the steel scrap preheating effect is improved, the steel scrap can be preheated to 400-600 ℃, the power consumption per ton steel is saved by 80-120 kWh, and the smelting power consumption of the electric arc furnace is greatly reduced; the structure that the solenoid valve adds the bottom finger valve falls into horizontal vibration feeding device in the scrap steel layering after will preheating, then is added in the electric stove in succession, need not cut off the power supply among the feeding process, can improve electric stove production efficiency by a wide margin.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Wherein:
FIG. 1: the invention is a structural schematic diagram of an electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of magnetically suspending scrap steel for preheating.
FIG. 2: is a cross-sectional view a-a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3: the structure schematic diagram of the charging transition structure of the invention when a flap valve is adopted.
FIG. 4: is a schematic structural diagram of the shaft structure of the invention.
In the figure:
100. an electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of magnetically suspending scrap steel for preheating;
1. a shaft structure;
2. an electromagnet;
3. a finger valve;
4. an electric arc furnace body;
5. a horizontal vibration feeding device;
6. a feeding structure;
7. a smoke exhaust system;
8. a charging transition structure; 81. a first gate valve; 82. a second gate valve;
9. and (4) scrap steel.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention provides a magnetic suspension scrap steel preheating method which comprises the steps that a vertical shaft structure 1 with an electromagnet 2 arranged on the upper portion of the side wall and a finger valve 3 arranged at the bottom is arranged above a horizontal vibration feeding device, scrap steel 9 is added from the top of the vertical shaft structure 1, high-temperature flue gas enters the vertical shaft structure through a gap of the finger valve 3 to preheat the scrap steel, and the preheated scrap steel falls into the horizontal vibration feeding device below in a layered mode under the action of the electromagnet 2 and the finger valve 3.
Further, the method for preheating the magnetic suspension scrap steel comprises the following steps:
step a, arranging a vertical shaft structure 1 above a horizontal vibration feeding device, arranging an electromagnet 2 on the upper part of the side wall of the vertical shaft structure 1, and arranging a finger valve 3 at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure;
the method for preheating the magnetic suspension steel scraps can be implemented on the basis of the preheating section of the conventional horizontal continuous feeding technology Consteel (Consisti), a smoke hood above the preheating section is removed, and a vertical shaft structure 1 with an electromagnet 2 arranged at the upper part of the side wall and a finger valve 3 arranged at the bottom is changed.
In the preheating section of the existing horizontal continuous feeding technology, high-temperature flue gas is provided through an electric arc furnace body, a horizontal vibration feeding device can be implemented by using the prior art, in a specific embodiment of the invention, feeding is carried out at an average rate of 5t/min (conveying speed is 5-6 m/min) per minute, the width of a trough is 2-2.2 m, and the height of the trough is 800-900 mm; the shaft structure 1 is communicated with a smoke exhaust system, so that the emission requirement of high-temperature smoke used in the preheating process is met.
The shaft structure 1 can be supported on steel structure platforms (prior art) on both sides of the horizontal continuous feeding technology Consteel (constidi) preheating section by the supporting legs welded on both sides of the side wall of the shaft structure, and the steel structure platforms can be fixed on a concrete foundation.
The finger valve 3 is arranged in a finger shape, a gap is arranged between the finger valve and the finger valve, the requirement of high-temperature smoke circulation can be met, and the scrap steel 9 can be supported.
The electromagnet 2 can adsorb the scrap steel 9 beside the electromagnet after being electrified so as to prevent the electromagnet and the scrap steel above the electromagnet from falling.
Step b, closing the finger valve 3, and powering off the electromagnet 2;
at the moment, the electromagnet 2 cannot adsorb the scrap steel 9, so that the requirement of falling when the scrap steel is added can be met; when the finger valve 3 is closed, the scrap steel 9 in the vertical shaft structure can be supported;
c, adding scrap steel 9 from the top of the vertical shaft structure 1;
d, starting a smoke exhaust system, guiding high-temperature smoke into the vertical shaft structure 1 from a gap of a finger valve 3 at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure 1, and preheating the scrap steel by the high-temperature smoke;
high-temperature flue gas generated in the smelting process of the electric arc furnace body can enter the vertical shaft structure through the gap of the finger valve to preheat the scrap steel inside the vertical shaft structure.
According to the method for preheating the magnetically suspended steel scrap, the good heat exchange between the steel scrap and high-temperature flue gas is realized by utilizing the vertical and reverse motion mode, the flue gas waste heat is efficiently and reasonably utilized, the steel scrap preheating effect is improved, and the smelting power consumption of an electric arc furnace is greatly reduced.
E, opening the finger valve, and electrifying the electromagnet at the same time, wherein the electrified electromagnet adsorbs the scrap steel at the upper part of the vertical shaft structure to prevent the scrap steel from falling off, and a layer of preheated scrap steel at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure falls into the horizontal vibration feeding device below;
whether adsorb the steel scrap in the shaft structure can be controlled through the switching on and off of electro-magnet, and the electro-magnet after the switching on will adsorb the steel scrap on shaft structure upper portion and stop it to drop, satisfies the magnetism and hangs the steel scrap and preheat, and the steel scrap will fall under the action of gravity after the switching off.
Specifically, the scrap steel in the vertical shaft structure 1 is preheated and then fed in batches, and when the bottom finger valve 3 is opened, the electromagnet 2 arranged on the side wall of the vertical shaft structure 1 can be electrified to adsorb the scrap steel on the upper part of the vertical shaft structure 1 to prevent the scrap steel from falling; the scrap steel between the finger valve and the electromagnet, which is not attracted by the electromagnet, falls under the action of gravity into the lower horizontal vibrating charging device and is then continuously charged into the bath of the electric arc furnace body.
Step f, closing the finger valve, powering off the electromagnet, and moving down the scrap steel in the vertical shaft structure; continuously preheating for a period of time;
in one embodiment of the present invention, the operation time of steps e to f is 2 min.
Step g, repeating the step e and the step f, and enabling the preheated scrap steel to finish layered falling;
in a specific embodiment of the invention, in the shaft structure, the distance between the top of the finger valve and the top opening of the shaft structure is 4.8m, the upper part of the side wall of the shaft structure 1 is provided with four electromagnets 2, the four electromagnets 2 are divided into two layers which are arranged at intervals up and down, the distance between the bottommost part of the electromagnets 2 and the top of the finger valve is 0.9m, a layer at the bottom of the shaft structure is formed between the electromagnets and the finger valve, and the scrap steel of the layer falls to the horizontal vibration feeding device when the finger valve is opened once.
In this embodiment, the steps e and f are performed four times in total, and each of the steps e and f includes: and opening the finger valve for about 20s, allowing a layer of scrap steel at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure to fall for about 5s, closing the finger valve for about 20s, powering off the electromagnet, allowing the scrap steel in the vertical shaft structure to move downwards for about 5s, and continuously preheating, namely waiting for about 70s for 2 min.
Step h, repeating the steps b to g;
and (e) after preheating the scrap steel added in the previous step c, falling to a horizontal vibration feeding device in a layered mode, repeating the steps b to g again, and preheating the next magnetic suspension scrap steel.
According to the method for preheating the magnetically suspended steel scrap, a preheating space is provided for preheating the steel scrap by using a vertical shaft structure, the steel scrap is preheated by high-temperature flue gas entering through a finger valve, good heat exchange between the steel scrap and the high-temperature flue gas is realized by using a vertical reverse motion mode, the waste heat of the flue gas is efficiently and reasonably utilized, the steel scrap preheating effect is improved, the steel scrap can be preheated to 400-600 ℃, the power consumption per ton steel is saved by 80-120 kWh, and the smelting power consumption of an electric arc furnace is greatly reduced; the structure that the solenoid valve adds the bottom finger valve falls into horizontal vibration feeding device in the scrap steel layering after will preheating, then is added in the electric stove in succession, need not cut off the power supply among the feeding process, can improve electric stove production efficiency by a wide margin.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention further provides an electric arc furnace steelmaking apparatus 100 capable of magnetically suspending scrap preheating, which comprises an electric arc furnace body 4 and a horizontal vibration charging device 5, and is used in the method for magnetically suspending scrap preheating; the electric arc furnace steelmaking device 100 capable of magnetically suspending scrap steel for preheating also comprises a vertical shaft structure 1 arranged above the horizontal vibration feeding device 5, wherein the upper part of the side wall of the vertical shaft structure 1 is provided with an electromagnet 2, and the bottom of the vertical shaft structure 1 is provided with a finger valve 3; a feeding structure 6 is arranged above the vertical shaft structure 1; and the shaft structure 1 is also communicated with a smoke exhaust system 7.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the top of the shaft structure 1 is provided with a feed transition structure 8.
Further, the feeding transition structure 8 comprises a first gate valve 81 and a second gate valve 82 which are arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval, the first gate valve 81 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the top of the vertical shaft structure, and the second gate valve 82 is used for transitionally supporting the added scrap steel. The top of the control shaft structure can be also provided with a flap valve.
Further, a first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first gate valve 81 and used for pushing and pulling the first gate valve 81; and the second gate valve 82 is connected with a second hydraulic cylinder, and the second hydraulic cylinder is used for pushing and pulling the second gate valve 82.
A transition bin used when scrap steel is added to the vertical shaft structure is formed between the first gate valve 81 and the second gate valve 82 at the top of the vertical shaft structure 1, and the first gate valve 81 and the second gate valve 82 are driven by hydraulic cylinders respectively to be closed. When feeding materials into the vertical shaft structure through the feeding structure 6 (feeding trolley or material basket), the first gate valve 81 is opened firstly, the second gate valve 82 is closed, the scrap steel is added into the transition bin, then the first gate valve 81 is closed, the second gate valve 82 is opened, the scrap steel falls into the vertical shaft structure, and the scrap steel feeding operation is completed. When the second gate valve 82 is opened and the scrap steel falls into the vertical shaft structure, the finger valve 3 at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure is in a closed state, and the electromagnet on the side wall of the vertical shaft structure is in a power-off state.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4, the number of the electromagnets 2 is plural, and the plural electromagnets 2 are disposed at upper portions of the side walls of the shaft structure 1 at intervals in the vertical direction.
Further, the side wall of the shaft structure 1 is made of nonmagnetic materials, and is prevented from being adsorbed by the electromagnet.
Further, a third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the finger valve 3 and used for pushing the finger valve 3. The finger valve 3 is driven by a third hydraulic cylinder to be closed and opened, is used for dragging the scrap steel to be preheated during closing, and allows the preheated scrap steel to fall into the horizontal vibration feeding device 5 below during opening, and then the scrap steel is continuously added into the furnace.
Further, the feeding structure 6 adopts a feeding trolley, a chain plate machine or a material basket, and can also be other hoisting structures or equipment meeting the feeding requirement.
Furthermore, the number of the vertical shaft structures is one, two or more, and the upper parts of the side walls of the vertical shaft structures are respectively provided with at least two electromagnets 2.
For a 100t electric furnace, 2 shaft structures 1 with the inner cavity size of 2mx6m can be arranged, and 4 electromagnets 2 of 2x1.5m can be arranged on one side of each shaft structure.
The finger valve 3 at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure keeps a proper distance from the electromagnet 2 at the lowest layer, the distance is determined according to the height of the trough of the horizontal vibration feeding device 5, and the distance is about 900-1000 mm for 100t of the electric furnace.
From the above, the method for preheating the magnetic suspension steel scrap and the electric arc furnace steel-making device capable of preheating the magnetic suspension steel scrap provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for preheating the magnetically suspended steel scrap and the electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating the magnetically suspended steel scrap, a preheating space is provided for preheating the steel scrap by using the vertical shaft structure, the steel scrap is preheated by high-temperature flue gas entering through a finger valve, good heat exchange between the steel scrap and the high-temperature flue gas is realized by using a vertical reverse motion mode, the flue gas waste heat is efficiently and reasonably utilized, the steel scrap preheating effect is improved, the steel scrap can be preheated to 400-600 ℃, the power consumption per ton steel is saved by 80-120 kWh, and the smelting power consumption of the electric arc furnace is greatly reduced; the structure that the solenoid valve adds the bottom finger valve falls into horizontal vibration feeding device in the scrap steel layering after will preheating, then is added in the electric stove in succession, need not cut off the power supply among the feeding process, can improve electric stove production efficiency by a wide margin.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A magnetic suspension scrap steel preheating method is characterized by comprising the steps of arranging a vertical shaft structure with an electromagnet arranged on the upper portion of a side wall and a finger valve arranged at the bottom above a horizontal vibration feeding device, adding scrap steel from the top of the vertical shaft structure, enabling high-temperature flue gas to enter the vertical shaft structure through a gap of the finger valve to preheat the scrap steel, and enabling the preheated scrap steel to fall into the horizontal vibration feeding device below in a layered mode under the action of the electromagnet and the finger valve.
2. The method for preheating magnetically suspended scrap steel according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step a, arranging a vertical shaft structure above a horizontal vibration feeding device, wherein the upper part of the side wall of the vertical shaft structure is provided with an electromagnet, and the bottom of the vertical shaft structure is provided with a finger valve;
b, closing the finger valve, and powering off the electromagnet;
c, adding scrap steel from the top of the vertical shaft structure;
d, starting a smoke exhaust system, guiding high-temperature smoke into the vertical shaft structure from a gap of a finger valve at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure, and preheating the scrap steel by the high-temperature smoke;
e, opening the finger valve, and electrifying the electromagnet at the same time, wherein the electrified electromagnet adsorbs the scrap steel at the upper part of the vertical shaft structure to prevent the scrap steel from falling off, and a layer of preheated scrap steel at the bottom of the vertical shaft structure falls into the horizontal vibration feeding device below;
step f, closing the finger valve, powering off the electromagnet, and moving down the scrap steel in the vertical shaft structure; continuously preheating for a period of time;
step g, repeating the step e and the step f, and enabling the preheated scrap steel to finish layered falling;
and h, repeating the steps b to g.
3. The method of preheating magnetically suspended scrap steel according to claim 2 wherein the operation time of steps e to f is 2 min.
4. An electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of magnetically suspending scrap preheating, which comprises an electric arc furnace body and a horizontal vibration charging device, and is used in the magnetically suspending scrap preheating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3; the device also comprises a vertical shaft structure arranged above the horizontal vibration feeding device, wherein the upper part of the side wall of the vertical shaft structure is provided with an electromagnet, and the bottom of the vertical shaft structure is provided with a finger valve; a feeding structure is arranged above the vertical shaft structure; and the vertical shaft structure is also communicated with a smoke exhaust system.
5. The magnetically suspended scrap preheating steelmaking apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which a feed transition structure is provided at the top of the shaft structure.
6. The electric arc furnace steelmaking apparatus capable of magnetically suspending scrap preheating according to claim 5, wherein said feed transition structure includes a first gate valve and a second gate valve spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, said first gate valve being adapted to control the opening and closing of the top of said shaft structure, said second gate valve being adapted to transition and hold the scrap being fed in.
7. The steel making device of an electric arc furnace capable of magnetically suspending scrap steel preheating according to claim 6, wherein a first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the first gate valve, and the first hydraulic cylinder is used for pushing and pulling the first gate valve; and the second gate valve is connected with a second hydraulic cylinder, and the second hydraulic cylinder is used for pushing and pulling the second gate valve.
8. The steelmaking apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said electromagnets are provided in plural numbers, and said plural electromagnets are disposed at upper and lower intervals on the upper portion of the side wall of said shaft structure.
9. The magnetically suspended scrap preheating steelmaking apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which the side walls of the shaft structure are constructed of nonmagnetic material.
10. The steelmaking apparatus as claimed in claim 4, in which a third hydraulic cylinder is connected to said finger valve, said third hydraulic cylinder being used to push and pull said finger valve.
11. The steelmaking apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which the said loading structure is a trolley, pallet or basket.
12. The steelmaking apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the number of said shaft structures is one, two or more, and at least two of said electromagnets are provided respectively at the upper part of the side wall of each of said shaft structures.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111346371.1A CN113957201A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Method for preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel and electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel |
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| CN202111346371.1A CN113957201A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Method for preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel and electric arc furnace steelmaking device capable of preheating magnetic suspension scrap steel |
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| WO2014146853A1 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-25 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh | Fixing device for steel scrap to be charged in a metallurgical melting vessel, and preheating device |
| CN108866270A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | A kind of steelmaking equipment |
| CN109517941A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | A kind of horizontal continuity feeds vertical scrap preheater and its application |
| CN110388830A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-29 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Scrap preheater, arc-melting equipment and pre-heating mean |
| CN111321272A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking device and process for continuously preheating scrap steel |
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- 2021-11-15 CN CN202111346371.1A patent/CN113957201A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014146853A1 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-25 | Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Gmbh | Fixing device for steel scrap to be charged in a metallurgical melting vessel, and preheating device |
| CN108866270A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-11-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | A kind of steelmaking equipment |
| CN111321272A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steelmaking device and process for continuously preheating scrap steel |
| CN109517941A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-26 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | A kind of horizontal continuity feeds vertical scrap preheater and its application |
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Application publication date: 20220121 |