CN113955739A - Method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113955739A CN113955739A CN202111389509.6A CN202111389509A CN113955739A CN 113955739 A CN113955739 A CN 113955739A CN 202111389509 A CN202111389509 A CN 202111389509A CN 113955739 A CN113955739 A CN 113955739A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene and application thereof. Blending citrate and polyethylene, granulating, and hot-pressing at the temperature of 150-210 ℃ to prepare a mixed sheet, wherein the mass ratio of the citrate to the polyethylene is 1: 1-100; the mixed sheet is placed in a tube furnace to be heated to 150-350 ℃, kept for 0.1-24h under the air atmosphere, heated to 500-1200 ℃ and kept for 0.1-24h under the nitrogen atmosphere, thus obtaining the porous carbon material. The preparation method is simple to operate and low in cost, and the prepared porous carbon material can be used as an electrode material. The method provides a new low-cost scheme for recycling the waste plastics, and the obtained porous carbon material has good utilization value in the aspect of energy storage due to the abundant pore structure and the higher specific surface area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon materials, and relates to waste plastic recycling and utilization, in particular to a method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene and application thereof.
Background
Due to the practicability and convenience of the plastic product, the plastic product is widely used by people, and meanwhile, the used plastic product is also discarded at will. Meanwhile, the waste agricultural film in the agricultural field can remain in the field for a long time to cause the yield reduction of crops. Because the plastics are difficult to naturally degrade, white pollution is everywhere visible in cities and suburbs. This seriously affects the environment in which we live. The environmental pollution caused by waste plastics is increasingly intensified, and the recycling of the waste plastics becomes a new hotspot and direction of environmental protection research. Of these waste plastics, polyolefins account for about 70%.
Along with the improvement of living standard of people, people have stronger awareness on environmental protection, and how to utilize polyethylene waste more becomes a subject of common research of people.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene and application thereof, wherein the polyethylene is carbonized into the porous carbon through tubular furnace carbonization, so that a new low-cost scheme is provided for recycling waste plastics, and the obtained porous carbon material has good utilization value in the aspect of energy storage due to rich pore structure and higher specific surface area.
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene comprises the following steps:
Blending citrate and polyethylene, granulating, and hot-pressing at the temperature of 150-210 ℃ to prepare a mixed sheet, wherein the mass ratio of the citrate to the polyethylene is 1: 1-100;
The mixed sheet is placed in a tube furnace to be heated to 150-350 ℃, kept for 0.1-24h under the air atmosphere, heated to 500-1200 ℃ and kept for 0.1-24h under the nitrogen atmosphere, thus obtaining the porous carbon material.
In a modification, the citrate in step 1 is potassium citrate or sodium citrate.
In a further improvement, the mass ratio of the citrate to the polyethylene in the step 1 is 1: 1-20.
As a modification, the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene described in step 1 is 10000g/mol to 100000 g/mol.
In a further refinement, the polyethylene described in step 1 has a weight average molecular weight of 40000 g/mol.
The improvement is that the blending mode of the citrate and the polyethylene in the step 1 is screw blending, extrusion and granulation.
As a modification, the temperature of the hot pressing in step 1 is 180 ℃.
As an improvement, the heating rate of the hot pressing preparation mixed tablet in the step 1 is 5-25 ℃/min.
The improvement is that the heating rates of the first heating and the second heating in the step 2 are both 5-25 ℃/min.
The porous carbon material is applied to the preparation of a super capacitor or an electrode.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the porous carbon by using the polyethylene and the application thereof are provided, the raw materials used in the method are cheap and easy to obtain, the operation is simple, the rich pores of the prepared porous carbon material provide conditions for energy storage of the porous carbon material, and the electrochemical test of the prepared porous carbon material proves that the porous carbon material has good electrochemical performance. In addition, the invention provides a new method for recycling the waste plastics, and accords with the green development concept.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of the porous carbon of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the porous carbon of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a Raman spectrum of a porous carbon material prepared in example 1-2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plot of cyclic voltammetry for porous carbon prepared in example 1 of the present invention over a voltage range of-0.6-0.4V.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
and 2, taking 3g of the mixed sheet prepared in the step 1, heating the mixed sheet to 250 ℃ in a tubular furnace, keeping the mixed sheet in an air atmosphere for 0.5h, continuing heating the mixed sheet to 850 ℃ and keeping the mixed sheet in a nitrogen atmosphere for 0.1-4h, and cooling the mixed sheet to obtain 0.8g of a porous carbon material, wherein the carbon forming amount of the embodiment 1 is about 26% by calculation (the calculation method is that the dosage of the obtained porous carbon is divided by the dosage of polyethylene).
Wherein, the heating rate of the two times of heating in the step 2 is 5 ℃/min, the scanning electron microscope image of the obtained porous carbon material is shown in figure 1, and as can be seen from figure 1, the porous carbon material has a more uniform pore structure in the microstructure.
Example 2
and 2, taking 3g of the mixed sheet prepared in the step 1, placing the mixed sheet in a tubular furnace, heating to 300 ℃, keeping the mixed sheet in an air atmosphere for 0.1 hour, continuing heating to 850 ℃, keeping the mixed sheet in a nitrogen atmosphere for 0.1-4 hours, and cooling to obtain 0.6g of a porous carbon material, wherein the carbon forming amount of the example 2 is about 20% by calculation (the calculation method is that the obtained porous carbon is divided by the using amount of polyethylene).
Wherein, the heating rate of the two heating in the step 2 is 5 ℃/min, the scanning electron microscope image of the obtained porous carbon material is shown in fig. 2, and as can be seen from fig. 2, the porous carbon material of the invention has a uniform pore structure and is not much different from that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the mass ratio of potassium citrate to polyethylene was changed to 1: 20.
Example 4
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated, except that the mass ratio of potassium citrate to polyethylene was changed to 1: 100.
Example 5
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the second temperature rise to 650 ℃ was conducted in step 2.
Example 6
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the temperature increase rate in step 2 was changed to 25 ℃ per minute.
The porous carbon materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and pure carbon were selected as examples and tested for nitrogen adsorption performance, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Nitrogen adsorption test data for porous and pure carbon of various examples
As can be seen from the scanning electron microscope and nitrogen adsorption test data of the porous carbon materials obtained in examples 1 to 3, the present invention has a citrate to polyethylene mass ratio of 1:1 and a temperature rise rate of 5oAt C/min, the second heating rate of step 2 is 5oAnd at C/min, the obtained porous carbon material has better performance, more uniform pore structure and higher specific surface area.
Example 7
In order to test the electrochemical performance of the porous carbon prepared by the invention, the carbon material prepared in example 1 and pure carbon are taken as examples, and a performance test is carried out in a voltage range of-0.6-0.4V. The test method is conventional and does not need to be specially substituted.
From the results of fig. 4, it can be seen that, at a sweep rate of 10mV/s, the CV curve shapes of the mesoporous carbon prepared in example 1 and the pure carbon are not obviously different, but the CV curve area of the porous carbon material in example 1 is obviously larger than that of the pure carbon, which indicates that the specific capacitance of the porous carbon material is larger and the electrochemical performance is better.
In conclusion, the raw materials used by the method are cheap and easy to obtain, the operation is simple, the chemical performance is good, and the rich pores of the prepared porous carbon material provide conditions for energy storage. In addition, the invention provides a new method for recycling the waste plastics, and accords with the green development concept.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing a mixed slice of potassium citrate and polyethylene
Blending citrate and polyethylene, granulating, and hot-pressing at the temperature of 150-210 ℃ to prepare a mixed sheet, wherein the mass ratio of the citrate to the polyethylene is 1: 1-100;
step 2, preparation of porous carbon material
The mixed sheet is placed in a tube furnace to be heated to 150-350 ℃, kept for 0.1-24h under the air atmosphere, heated to 500-1200 ℃ and kept for 0.1-24h under the nitrogen atmosphere, thus obtaining the porous carbon material.
2. The method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene according to claim 1, wherein the citrate in step 1 is potassium citrate or sodium citrate.
3. The method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the citrate to the polyethylene in step 1 is 1: 1-20.
4. The method for preparing porous carbon using polyethylene according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene in step 1 is 10000 to 100000 g/mol.
5. The method for preparing porous carbon using polyethylene according to claim 4, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene in step 1 is 40000 g/mol.
6. The method for preparing porous carbon by using polyethylene according to claim 1, wherein the blending manner of the citrate and the polyethylene in the step 1 is screw blending extrusion granulation.
7. The method for preparing porous carbon using polyethylene according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing in step 1 is 180 ℃.
8. The method for preparing porous carbon using polyethylene according to claim 1, wherein the temperature rise rate of the hot-press prepared blend sheet in step 1 is 5-25 ℃/min.
9. The method for preparing porous carbon using polyethylene according to claim 1, wherein the temperature increase rates of the first temperature increase and the second temperature increase in step 2 are both 5-25 ℃/min.
10. Use of a porous carbon material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for the production of supercapacitors or electrodes.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107640767A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-30 | 武汉工程大学 | One kind is used for cheap porous carbon materials of high-performance super capacitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN108622893A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-09 | 深圳大学 | A kind of preparation method and porous carbon materials of porous carbon materials |
| US20200395599A1 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-12-17 | Purdue Research Foundation | Method of producing amorphous carbon chips and anodes made therefrom for use in electrochemical cells |
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- 2021-11-22 CN CN202111389509.6A patent/CN113955739A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107640767A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-30 | 武汉工程大学 | One kind is used for cheap porous carbon materials of high-performance super capacitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN108622893A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-09 | 深圳大学 | A kind of preparation method and porous carbon materials of porous carbon materials |
| US20200395599A1 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-12-17 | Purdue Research Foundation | Method of producing amorphous carbon chips and anodes made therefrom for use in electrochemical cells |
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