CN113954905A - Steel rail detection system - Google Patents
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- CN113954905A CN113954905A CN202011631999.1A CN202011631999A CN113954905A CN 113954905 A CN113954905 A CN 113954905A CN 202011631999 A CN202011631999 A CN 202011631999A CN 113954905 A CN113954905 A CN 113954905A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel rail detection system, which comprises a travelling mechanism and a horizontal moving mechanism, wherein a detection device is accurately moved right above a position to be detected by moving in a direction parallel to the extension direction of a steel rail; the vertical lifting mechanism is provided with a detection device and can drive the detection device to lift; the centering mechanism is connected with the detection device and comprises a stress mechanism and a follow-up mechanism, the stress mechanism generates an acting force along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail when the stress mechanism is set to be in a non-centering state, and the follow-up mechanism performs self-adaptive adjustment movement along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail under the stress condition to enable the detection device to be aligned with the center of the steel rail. The invention can solve the problems of low automation degree, time and labor consuming operation and low detection efficiency of the existing steel rail detection device, changes the condition that the detection equipment needs to be manually adjusted in the past, and realizes the effect of automatically and quickly aligning the detection probe to the position to be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rail vehicle and a rail detection technology, in particular to a rail vehicle-mounted rail detection device.
Background
With the large-scale construction and operation of high-speed railways in China, the total mileage of railway operation in China breaks through 13 kilometers, and railway transportation and production puts new requirements on the line maintenance operation mode. The original operation mode of performing line inspection by time division at train running intervals is replaced by the existing skylight operation mode. And the hand-push type flaw detector with the operation speed of only 2km/h has low detection efficiency in the skylight time of 3-4h, and needs a large amount of manpower to perform subsection simultaneous detection. Railway transportation is the main artery of traffic and logistics and national economy, and the rail is the basic component of railway system, plays the effect of supporting the train, for guaranteeing safe operation, has proposed strict quality testing requirement to the rail.
The existing hand-push type or handheld type steel rail detection equipment has at least the following defects;
1. the rail length is longer, and the long distance is held the device or is promoted the dolly for a long time and detect very hard to artifical translation rate is also relatively slow, and detection efficiency is lower relatively.
2. The working place of the existing steel rail detection device is on the steel rail, the area where the steel rail is generally laid is remote, and a place where the steel rail is not convenient to charge is not provided, so that the detection time and the detection length of the existing detection device are limited by the power storage capacity of a storage battery, and the use is inconvenient.
The existing double-track flaw detection vehicle steel rail detection equipment has at least the following defects;
current rail check out test set is at alignment rail position in-process, lacks the rail center alignment function of treating the detection, takes place the skew easily, and the device needs operating personnel to follow the manual adjustment position of range estimation in the in-service use process, influences work efficiency, for example through the mode assurance that manual alignment rail center is visited to the wheel along sliding guide removal of manual control electric putter messenger.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a steel rail detection system, which aims to solve the problems of low automation degree, time and labor consumption in operation and low detection efficiency of the conventional steel rail detection device, change the condition that detection equipment needs to be manually adjusted in the past and realize the effect of automatically and quickly aligning the detection device to the center of a steel rail.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rail detection system comprises
The travelling mechanism travels along the steel rail and conveys the detection device to the position to be detected which is preliminarily positioned to prepare for detection work;
the horizontal moving mechanism is connected with the travelling mechanism, the travelling mechanism drives the horizontal moving mechanism to travel, and after the travelling mechanism stops near the position to be detected, the horizontal moving mechanism moves in parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail to accurately move the detection device to a position right above the accurately positioned position to be detected;
the vertical lifting mechanism is connected with the horizontal moving mechanism, the detection device is arranged on the vertical lifting mechanism, and the vertical lifting mechanism vertically lifts to drive the detection device to lift;
the centering mechanism is connected with the detection device and comprises a stress mechanism and a servo mechanism, the stress mechanism generates an acting force along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail when being set to be in a non-centering state, and the servo mechanism arranged between the vertical lifting mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism performs self-adaptive adjustment movement along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail under the condition of stress so that the detection device is aligned with the center of the steel rail.
In the centering process, when the vertical lifting mechanism drives the detection device to descend, the stress mechanism is in contact with the rail head of the steel rail to generate vertical acting force, the stress mechanism and the rail head of the steel rail generate acting force in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail due to position deviation, the reaction force of the acting force in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail drives the servo mechanism between the vertical lifting mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism, the vertical lifting mechanism is made to perform self-adaptive adjustment movement in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail, finally the vertical lifting mechanism and the detection device are aligned to the center of the steel rail together, the downward force in the vertical direction provided by the vertical lifting mechanism is perpendicular to the surface of the steel rail, and the detection device is tightly attached to the surface of the steel rail under positive pressure.
Preferably, the stress mechanism is a guide wheel, the guide wheel is arranged at the lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism, the guide wheel is connected with the detection device, the guide wheel comprises two side guide wheels which are elastically connected, the inner side surface of each side guide wheel is used for being attached to the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the steel rail head to enable the aligning mechanism to realize alignment, the vertical lifting mechanism drives the aligning mechanism to descend, the two inner side surfaces of the guide wheel are movably adjusted to be attached to the surfaces of the tread of the steel rail head and the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the steel rail head through elastic force, and therefore the detection device is aligned to a position to be detected.
Preferably, the stress mechanism comprises two symmetrical side guide wheels, a connecting shaft and an elastic part, the two side guide wheels are sleeved on the connecting shaft to form a guide wheel, and the elastic part is arranged on the outer side surface or the inner side surface of each side guide wheel, so that the guide wheel is movably arranged on the two inner side surfaces attached to the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the steel rail head.
Preferably, the stress mechanism includes a vertical plate, the vertical plate is disposed at the lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism, the guide wheel is connected with the vertical plate, and the detection device is connected with the vertical plate, so that the guide wheel is connected with the detection device.
Preferably, the follow-up mechanism is arranged at the joint of the vertical lifting mechanism and the travelling mechanism, and the follow-up mechanism and the travelling mechanism adopt a structure of a long waist hole movable matching shaft and a bearing which are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail, or the follow-up mechanism adopts a movable connection structure of a free movable guide rail which is arranged along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail.
Preferably, the alignment mechanism includes a proximity switch, the proximity switch is disposed at the lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism and located on the inner side or the outer side of the rail head of the rail, the proximity switch senses the distance between the inner side or the outer side of the rail head of the rail and a certain distance below the tread of the rail head in a sensing range and adjusts the horizontal movement mechanism to move according to a preset distance, the detection device under the horizontal movement mechanism is driven to move to a position to be detected to be aligned with the position right above the center of the rail, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the detection device to fall to the position to be detected.
Preferably, the stress mechanism comprises a guide wheel and a guide plough, the guide wheel is attached to the tread of the head of the steel rail and the inner side face of the head of the steel rail, and the guide plough is close to the inner side face of the head of the steel rail.
Preferably, the following mechanism comprises an elastic tensioning device, the detection device is connected with the traveling mechanism through a support, the support is connected with the horizontal moving mechanism through the elastic tensioning device, and the elastic tensioning device provides elastic acting force along a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the steel rail to adjust the relative position of the detection device and the steel rail.
Preferably, the horizontal moving mechanism also moves along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail.
Preferably, the horizontal moving mechanism moves in parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail or moves in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail and adopts cylinder driving, hydraulic cylinder driving, screw driving, synchronous belt driving or push rod driving; the vertical lifting mechanism is driven by an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a screw rod, a synchronous belt or a push rod.
Preferably, the horizontal movement mechanism is fixedly installed on the traveling mechanism, or the horizontal movement mechanism is connected with the traveling mechanism through a dragging connection mechanism.
Preferably, the horizontal moving mechanism is fixedly connected with or hinged to the vertical lifting mechanism.
Preferably, the detection device is fixedly connected with or hinged to the vertical lifting mechanism.
Preferably, the walking mechanism realizes walking by internally arranging a driving device or externally connecting the driving device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has the advantages that the walking mechanism walks along the steel rail, the whole detection device is initially conveyed to a position to be detected, the horizontal moving mechanism is used for accurately moving and positioning, an acting force along the direction vertical to the extending direction of the steel rail can be generated when the stress mechanism of the centering mechanism is in a non-centering state position, the reaction force of the acting force acts on the follow-up mechanism, and then the detection device is driven to perform self-adaptive adjustment movement along the direction vertical to the extending direction of the steel rail to realize centering, in addition, the downward pressure in the vertical direction provided by the vertical lifting mechanism is just vertical to the surface of the steel rail, and the detection device is tightly attached to the surface of the steel rail under positive pressure;
the horizontal moving mechanism can move the detection device on the horizontal plane along the direction vertical to the extending direction of the steel rail or parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail, and the detection device can be accurately moved to a position to be detected or moved to a certain position for rechecking through the horizontal moving mechanism;
thirdly, the arrangement of the proximity switch or the guide wheel can prevent the position of the detection device from deviating through the contraposition action of the contraposition mechanism in the process that the detection device is aligned to the position to be detected, and further contraposition is carried out to ensure that the detection device can be aligned to the position to be detected;
according to the other structure of the invention, the relative position of the horizontal moving mechanism and the steel rail is adjusted through the elastic tensioning device, so that the position of the detection device can be prevented from deviating, and the alignment is further ensured to align the detection device to the center of the steel rail at the position to be detected.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rail inspection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the longitudinal rail of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide wheel according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another rail inspection system of the present invention, without the running gear;
FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the alignment mechanism of the rail inspection system shown in FIG. 7 illustrating the alignment process;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another rail detection system according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of the structure of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a follower on the vertical lift mechanism;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the vertical lift mechanism being driven by the slider guide;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the vertical lift mechanism being driven by a screw;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the vertical lift mechanism driven by a timing belt;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the vertical lift mechanism being driven by a pneumatic cylinder;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the vertical lift mechanism being actuated by a hydraulic cylinder;
fig. 19 is a schematic view of the vertical lift mechanism driven by an electric push rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In practice, the invention will be understood to cover all modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims.
For a clearer description of the direction of the embodiment, the plane where the two rails are located is a horizontal plane with respect to the rails, in which the extending direction of the rails is a longitudinal direction and the direction perpendicular to the rails is a transverse direction.
A rail detection system, as shown in fig. 1 and 11, comprises
The traveling mechanism 1 travels along the steel rail, and conveys the detection device 4 to the position to be detected which is preliminarily positioned to prepare for detection work;
a horizontal moving mechanism 2 is arranged, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is connected with the travelling mechanism 1, the travelling mechanism 1 drives the horizontal moving mechanism 2 to travel, after the travelling mechanism stops near a position to be detected, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 moves in parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail, and the detection device is accurately moved to a position right above the accurately positioned position to be detected;
the vertical lifting mechanism 3 is connected with the horizontal moving mechanism 2 and moves along with the horizontal moving mechanism 2 parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail and/or vertically extending in the extending direction of the steel rail, a detection device 4 is arranged on the vertical lifting mechanism 3, and the vertical lifting mechanism 3 vertically lifts and drives the detection device 4 to descend and fall onto the steel rail 6 to be detected;
the multi-dimensional motion of the detection device is realized through the front horizontal moving mechanism 2 and the front vertical lifting mechanism 3;
the centering mechanism is connected with the detection device 4 and comprises stress mechanisms 5 and 7 and a follow-up mechanism, when the stress mechanisms 5 and 7 are arranged at the non-centering state position, the stress mechanisms generate acting force in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail, when the vertical lifting mechanism 3 drives the detection device 4 to descend, the stress mechanisms 5 and 7 are in contact with the rail head of the steel rail to generate acting force in the vertical direction, the stress mechanisms 5 and 7 generate acting force in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail due to position deviation of the rail head of the steel rail, the follow-up mechanism on the vertical lifting mechanism 3 is driven by the reacting force perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail, the vertical lifting mechanism 3 is made to perform self-adaptive adjustment movement in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail, finally the vertical lifting mechanism and the detection device are aligned to the center of the steel rail together, and the downward force in the vertical direction provided by the vertical lifting mechanism is perpendicular to the surface of the steel rail, the detection device is tightly attached to the surface of the steel rail under positive pressure.
The stress mechanism 5 can be a guide wheel which comprises guide wheels at two sides in elastic connection, and the inner side surface of the side guide wheel is used for being in contact fit with the inner side surface of the steel rail head to realize centering.
The centering mechanism is used for adjusting the position of the detection device, so that the detection device is aligned to the center of the steel rail, and the detection device starts to detect;
after the detection work of a position to be detected is finished, the vertical lifting mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism sequentially return to the original positions, the whole detection device restores to the initial state, and then the walking mechanism or the horizontal moving mechanism continues to move to the next position to be detected for detection;
or in the walking process of the walking mechanism, the horizontal moving mechanism, the vertical lifting mechanism and the centering mechanism keep working states, so that the detection device continuously detects the steel rail.
Of course, the horizontal moving mechanism can be omitted as required, and a horizontal moving action in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail similar to the horizontal moving mechanism can be realized by the traveling mechanism. The vertical lifting mechanism 3 is connected with the running mechanism through a suitable connecting part. At this time, the centering mechanism adjusts the position of the detection device, and the centering mechanism can directly act on the detection device, or indirectly act on the detection device through a horizontal moving mechanism or a vertical lifting mechanism, so that the detection device is aligned with the center of the steel rail, or aligned with the position to be detected, or centered.
The generation sequence of the movement in the centering process of the centering mechanism, the movement of the horizontal movement mechanism, and the movement of the vertical lifting mechanism may be designed according to specific structures or needs, and even multiple movement actions may be performed simultaneously.
The following embodiment will be described by taking the horizontal movement mechanism 2 as an example.
As shown in fig. 1, a detection device 4 and an alignment mechanism 5 are arranged on the vertical lifting mechanism 3, and the vertical lifting mechanism 3 vertically lifts to drive the detection device 4 and the alignment mechanism 5 to lift;
the detection device 4 and the alignment mechanism 5 are connected, when the vertical lifting mechanism 3 drives the detection device 4 to descend, the alignment mechanism 5 adjusts the relative position of the alignment mechanism 5 and the steel rail 6, so that the position of the detection device 4 is adjusted, and the detection device 4 is aligned to the position to be detected on the steel rail.
Referring to fig. 1, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is used for realizing the horizontal/longitudinal movement of the detection device 4 on the horizontal plane, the vertical lifting mechanism 3 is used for realizing the lifting of the detection device, the detection device 4 and the alignment mechanism 5 are connected to enable the positions of the detection device 4 and the alignment mechanism 5 to be relatively fixed, the alignment mechanism 5 is used for adjusting the relative position of the alignment mechanism and the steel rail, the position of the detection device 4 is adjusted, and the detection device 4 is used for aligning the position to be detected on the steel rail.
The detection device 4 is aligned to the position to be detected on the steel rail, and generally means that the detection device 4 is aligned to the center of the steel rail at the position to be detected. Specifically, referring to fig. 10, a rail head tread, and a rail head side (also referred to as a rail head inside and outside, including a rail head inside and a rail head outside) are shown. Due to the symmetrical configuration of the rails, the center of the rail is located on a centerline that bisects the rail vertically as shown by the broken dotted line in fig. 10. The center of the detection device is located on the central line of the steel rail, and the detection device 4 can be considered to be aligned to the position to be detected.
The running mechanism 1 can adopt a mechanism which can run on a steel rail in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, the traveling mechanism is a trolley 10, and includes a frame 11 and a row wheel 12, the row wheel 12 is disposed at the front end and the rear end of the frame 11, and the row wheel 12 is a support rolling wheel of the trolley 10 on the steel rail 3, and plays a role in supporting and guiding the trolley 10 to advance on the steel rail 3. Furthermore, the walking mechanism realizes walking by arranging a driving device inside or connecting the driving device outside, and the driving device can be electric or hand-pushed, and the like, and the implementation form of the driving device is not limited here.
As shown in fig. 1, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is disposed on the traveling mechanism 1 and connected to the traveling mechanism 1, and the connection manner is not limited here. In one embodiment, when the traveling mechanism is the trolley 10, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is disposed on the frame 11 and connected to the frame 11, and in order to correspond to the left and right rails, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is symmetrically disposed between the front and rear traveling wheels on both sides of the detection trolley 10.
In order to easily realize the lifting automation of the vertical lifting mechanism 3, taking fig. 4 and 14 as an example, the lower part of the sliding block 23 is connected with a lifting cylinder 31 through a connecting piece 30, the lifting cylinder 31 can be connected with a detection device and a contraposition mechanism, and the lifting cylinder 31 is lifted to drive the detection device and the contraposition mechanism connected with the lifting cylinder to lift. In other embodiments, the vertical lifting mechanism 3 may be driven by a cylinder as shown in fig. 17, a hydraulic cylinder as shown in fig. 18, a screw as shown in fig. 15, a timing belt as shown in fig. 16, a push rod as shown in fig. 19, or an electric push rod.
Similarly, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 may be a rail type, and includes a transverse rail 21 and a longitudinal rail 22, the transverse rail 21 is disposed perpendicular to the direction of the steel rail 6, the longitudinal rail 22 is disposed parallel to the direction of the steel rail 6, the longitudinal rail 22 is slidably disposed on the transverse rail 21, the transverse rail 21 drives the longitudinal rail 22 to move, and a sliding block 23 capable of sliding along the longitudinal rail 22 is disposed on the longitudinal rail 22; the vertical lifting mechanism is connected with the sliding block 23 and moves along with the sliding block 23 transversely or longitudinally. Alternatively, the horizontal movement mechanism 2 may be a synchronous belt type structure or other suitable structures.
Similar to the driving of the vertical lifting mechanism 3, the longitudinal guide 22 of the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is driven by an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a screw rod, a synchronous belt or a push rod, or other suitable driving forms. The concrete implementation forms of cylinder driving, hydraulic cylinder driving, screw driving, synchronous belt driving or push rod driving can adopt the prior art, and can be manual or electric, and the like, and the device is not unfolded.
For easy automation, in fig. 3, for example, the end of the longitudinal rail 22 is provided with a rail motor 220, and the rail motor drives the longitudinal rail 22 to move transversely on the transverse rail 21 through a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a screw, a timing belt or a push rod. The sliding block 23 is driven by an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a screw rod, a synchronous belt or a push rod. The concrete implementation forms of cylinder driving, hydraulic cylinder driving, screw driving, hydraulic cylinder driving, synchronous belt driving or push rod driving can adopt the prior art, and can be manual or electric, and the drive is not expanded here.
The detection device is hinged with the vertical lifting mechanism, and when the detection device contacts the plane of the rail, the detection device can be adjusted slightly so as to ensure that the detection device is closely attached to the plane of the rail.
For the rail section where the rail detection system of the present application is parked, it is generally short and can be regarded as a straight rail, and accordingly, the transverse rail 21 and the longitudinal rail 22 of the horizontal movement mechanism are also provided as straight rails.
For the implementation form of the lateral or longitudinal movement of the horizontal moving mechanism in the present application, in other embodiments, other forms may be adopted, such as the longitudinal rail can move both laterally and longitudinally, etc.
Next, the aligning mechanism will be described. As shown in fig. 1, the alignment mechanism is a guide wheel type alignment mechanism.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the alignment mechanism 5 is a guide wheel type alignment mechanism, and includes a guide wheel 51 and a vertical plate 52, the vertical plate 52 is arranged at the lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism 3, the guide wheel 51 is connected with the vertical plate 52, the detection device 4 is connected with the vertical plate 52, the guide wheel 51 is movably arranged on two inner side surfaces which are jointed with the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the rail head of the steel rail, when the vertical lifting mechanism 3 drives the contraposition mechanism 5 and the detection device 4 to descend, the two inner side surfaces of the guide wheel 51 and the steel rail move mutually, so that the two inner side surfaces of the guide wheel 51 are adjusted to be attached to the surfaces of the tread of the head part of the steel rail head and the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the steel rail head, the guide wheel 51 is aligned with the center of the steel rail, and the vertical driving force partially converted by the guide wheel 51 causes the detection device 4 connected to the vertical plate 52 to be aligned with the position to be detected. The vertical plate 52 is used for arranging and installing the detection device 4, and connecting the detection device 4 and the guide wheel 51, so that the positions of the detection device 4 and the guide wheel 51 are relatively fixed, when two inner side surfaces of the guide wheel 51 are adjusted to be attached to the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the rail head of the steel rail, the center of the guide wheel is aligned with the center of the steel rail, and the detection device 4 can be aligned to the position to be detected of the steel rail without position deviation. It will be appreciated that during lowering, the guide wheel should be first brought into contact with the rail to align the detection means.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the guide wheel 51 of the aligning mechanism 5 includes two side guide wheels 53, a connecting shaft 54, and an elastic member 55, the two side guide wheels 53 are sleeved on the connecting shaft 54 to form the guide wheel 51, and the elastic member 55 is disposed on the outer side surface or the inner side surface of the two side guide wheels 53, so that the two inner side surfaces 53a of the guide wheel for attaching to the railhead are movably disposed. At this time, the vertical plate 52 is connected to the connecting shaft 54, so that the guide wheel 51 is connected to the vertical plate 52. The elastic member 55 may be an elastic connecting member such as a spring, and as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the outer side surfaces of the two side guide wheels 53 are provided with compression springs 55a, so that the two side guide wheels 53 are movably disposed on the inner side surfaces for being attached to the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the rail head. The vertical lifting mechanism provides a vertical downward force, and when the inward/outward deviation of the detection device 4 from the center of the steel rail, the inner side 53a of the inside/outside side guide 53 is pressed by the inside/outside side of the rail head, the inside/outside elastic member 55 is compressed and gives the force of pushing the apparatus toward the center of the rail, and because the connecting piece 30 is a follow-up mechanism, allow vertical elevating system and its inferior connected counterpoint mechanism and detection device to move in the extension direction of perpendicular to rail laterally together, so drive vertical elevating system, counterpoint mechanism and detection device to move to the rail center, until the inboard side 53a of guide pulley of both sides and rail head inside and outside surface laminate, the force of both sides elastic component 55 reaches the equilibrium, vertical elevating system and detection device align the rail center together, the downforce that vertical elevating system provided is just perpendicular to the rail surface, the detection device can be pressed fit on the rail surface in the positive pressure. Alternatively, the following centering effect can also be achieved by providing the guide rail 21 as a following guide rail, similar to the connecting element 30, allowing the vertical lifting mechanism and the aligning mechanism and the detecting device connected therebelow to move together in a transverse direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the steel rail.
With respect to the detecting device 4 of the present application, the detecting device 4 includes one or more probes (not shown in the drawings), and the type, number, structure (including a telescopic structure, if yes), control manner of the probes, and the like of the probes may be adopted in a manner suitable in the prior art, which is not limited in the present application. When the alignment mechanism is aligned, the detection device is aligned to the detection position, and at the moment, the probe can be arranged at the position to be detected, such as the rail head tread, the rail head left side and right side, the rail web and the rail bottom.
The centering process of the rail detection system shown in fig. 1 will be described below.
When the traveling mechanism 1, such as the trolley 10, travels to the position near the position to be detected where the steel rail is primarily positioned and stops, such as a welding line, the position to be detected of the steel rail is accurately positioned, then the linear guide motor 220 drives the longitudinal guide rail 22 to move on the transverse guide rail 21, and the sliding block 23 moves on the longitudinal guide rail 22, so that the sliding block 23 and the device part below the sliding block can accurately move for an appointed distance to reach the appointed position right above the position to be detected of the steel rail. The positioning rail to be detected can adopt a positioning mode, such as a camera, and is not limited here.
The vertical lifting mechanism descends, for example, the lifting cylinder 31 pneumatically enables the centering mechanism and the detection device to quickly and stably fall on the plane of the track.
When the lifting cylinder 31 falls and the guide wheel 51 of the centering mechanism starts to contact the railhead, the guide wheel receives downward force of the vertical lifting mechanism, the inner side surfaces of the flanges of the guide wheels 53 at two sides are gradually compressed by the inner side surface and the outer side surface of the rail head of the steel rail and move towards two sides of the steel rail, and meanwhile, the flanges of the guide wheels 53 at two sides can be ensured to be attached to the side surface of the rail head of the steel rail under the action of the compression spring 55 a. In this process, referring to fig. 13, since the connecting member 30 is a follower, for example, a long hole is formed on the follower, which allows the lifting cylinder 31 and the centering mechanism and the detecting device connected below the lifting cylinder to move transversely in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the rail, the pressure provided by the compression spring 55a drives the lifting cylinder 31, the centering mechanism and the detecting device to move transversely in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the rail, until the forces of the compression springs 55a on both sides are balanced, finally, due to the combined action of the lifting cylinder and the compression spring, the two side guide wheels 53 can completely fit the head of the rail tread and the inner and outer side faces of the rail head, the lifting cylinder 31 and the detecting device 4 automatically align to the center of the rail together, the downward pressure provided by the lifting cylinder 31 is perpendicular to the surface of the rail, and the detecting device can be tightly fit to the surface of the rail under positive pressure for detection.
As shown in fig. 1, the horizontal moving mechanism is disposed on the traveling mechanism and connected to the traveling mechanism, and the connection manner is not limited. The difference from the previous embodiment is that the centering mechanism is a proximity switch type centering mechanism.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, when the centering mechanism is a proximity switch type centering mechanism, the centering mechanism includes a proximity switch 56, the proximity switch 56 is disposed at the lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism 3 and is located at the inner side or the outer side of the rail head of the steel rail 6, at this time, the relative position between the whole device and the tread of the rail head is determined by the running wheels (such as the running wheels 12) of the traveling mechanism, the proximity switch 56 senses and adjusts the relative position to achieve the center of the steel rail within a sensing control range, for example, the proximity switch 56 senses the distance between the device and the side of the rail head 16mm below the tread of the head of the steel rail 6 and adjusts the horizontal moving mechanism to move according to a preset distance, so as to drive the detecting device under the horizontal moving mechanism to move to a position to be detected to be aligned with the right above the center of the steel rail, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the detecting device to fall to the position to be detected, of course other suitable sensing distances are possible. Specifically, the proximity switch senses the distance from the side surface of the rail head of the steel rail and adjusts and controls the longitudinal guide rail 22 to slide on the transverse guide rail 21 according to the preset distance, so that the detection device is aligned with the steel rail, at the moment, the detection device below the longitudinal guide rail 22 moves to the position to be detected to be aligned to the position right above the center of the steel rail, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the detection device to descend to the position to be detected. In this application, the whole device may refer to the detection device and the device arranged thereon to form a device general term.
Further, the horizontal moving mechanism and the vertical lifting mechanism are referred to the previous embodiment and are not unfolded.
The scheme relies on the proximity switch sensing the distance between the adjustment and the steel rail, and the distance adjustment is that the proximity switch controls the longitudinal guide rail to move along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail through electric connection or other connection modes. The specific implementation form of the distance adjustment can be that the transverse guide rail 21 perpendicular to the track direction is in control connection with the proximity switch 56, wherein the transverse guide rail 21 is installed at two ends of the longitudinal guide rail 22 and fixed on the vehicle body and is responsible for driving the whole device to move left and right along the direction perpendicular to the right upper direction of the center of the aligned steel rail; the proximity switch 56 is located on the inside or outside side of the rail below the entire device.
In order to facilitate alignment of the detection device with the vertical centre line of the rail, i.e. the above-mentioned alignment, the detection device and the device formed by the device thereon are moved by a certain distance in the direction of the proximity switch 56 relative to the rail by means of the transverse rail 21 after the previous use.
As shown in fig. 9, when the vehicle travels to the position of the position to be detected and the entire apparatus is moved directly above the position to be detected by the cross rail 21, the entire apparatus is in a raised state and biased in the direction of the proximity switch 56 with respect to the rail.
The transverse guide rail 21 is started to drive the whole device to move towards the center direction of the steel rail until the proximity switch 56 below the whole device is close to the 16mm position below the inner side of the rail head 6a of the steel rail, the proximity switch 56 gives a signal to stop the work of the transverse guide rail 21, the whole device is aligned to the center of the steel rail at the moment, and the detection device is aligned to the center of the steel rail.
Then the vertical lifting mechanism works to drive the device to fall integrally, the guide wheel is pressed downwards to be completely attached to the tread of the head of the railhead, and the centering and falling of the device are completed.
When the vertical lifting mechanism is lifted, if the driving device cannot accurately control the descending displacement, the detection device may be too large by the descending displacement and collide with the steel rail. In order to prevent this, a force-receiving mechanism is added. Specifically, the centering mechanism further comprises a stress mechanism, when the vertical lifting mechanism drives the detection device to move longitudinally, the stress mechanism is in contact with the rail head of the steel rail, part of longitudinal driving force of the vertical lifting mechanism is consumed, and the detection device is prevented from moving too much.
The force-bearing mechanism is a split guide wheel in the previous embodiment or other guide wheels in the prior art. Besides the guide wheel, the force-bearing mechanism can also be a pressing block and the like.
In other improved embodiments, the horizontal moving mechanism is arranged in front of or behind the travelling mechanism and is fixedly connected with the travelling mechanism. For example, the fixed connection may be a threaded connection structure, a flange, welding, or the like, as long as the relative position of the horizontal moving mechanism and the traveling mechanism is kept unchanged when the horizontal moving mechanism travels along with the traveling mechanism, and the horizontal moving mechanism does not displace or shift relative to the traveling mechanism.
Or in other improved embodiments, the horizontal moving mechanism is arranged in front of or behind the travelling mechanism and is hinged with the travelling mechanism. At this time, when the horizontal movement mechanism travels along with the travel mechanism, the relative position of the horizontal movement mechanism and the travel mechanism changes, and the horizontal movement mechanism is displaced or deviated from the travel mechanism. Furthermore, a stress mechanism can be added, and when the horizontal moving mechanism displaces or deviates, the detection device is prevented from colliding with the track. The force-bearing mechanism can be a guide wheel or a pressing block and the like as in the previous embodiment, and the guide wheel can be an existing integrated guide wheel or a front split guide wheel which is not unfolded.
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the centering mechanism may also be a guiding mechanism 7, the guiding mechanism 7 is connected with the horizontal moving mechanism 2, and the guiding mechanism provides a guiding function for the horizontal moving mechanism so that the detection device is aligned with the position to be detected.
In this embodiment, the horizontal/longitudinal movement of the detection device 4 on the horizontal plane is realized through the horizontal movement mechanism 2, the lifting of the detection device is realized through the vertical lifting mechanism 3, and the position of the detection device 4 is adjusted through the guiding function of the guiding mechanism, so that the detection device 4 can accurately detect the position to be detected on the steel rail.
At this time, the horizontal movement mechanism 2 is disposed on the traveling mechanism 1 through the bracket 8, or the horizontal movement mechanism 2 is disposed behind the traveling mechanism through the bracket 8. The support 8 is fixedly connected with or hinged to the travelling mechanism, and the fixed connection can be gluing, welding, riveting and bolt connection and the like. The traveling mechanism is described in fig. 1, and it can be used for reference here, as shown in fig. 11, when the traveling mechanism is a trolley 10, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 may be disposed behind the frame 11 and connected to the frame 11 through the bracket 8, the bracket 8 is connected to the frame 11 through the connecting member 81, and the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the detection trolley 10 in order to correspond to the left and right rails. In another embodiment, when the traveling mechanism is a trolley 10, the horizontal moving mechanism 2 may be disposed on the frame 11 through the bracket 8 and connected to the frame 11, the bracket 8 is fixedly connected or hinged to the frame 11, and the horizontal moving mechanism 2 is symmetrically disposed between front and rear traveling wheels on two sides of the detection trolley 10 so as to correspond to the left and right rails.
Further, the horizontal movement mechanism 2 is connected with the traveling mechanism 1 through a support 8, the support 8 is connected with the traveling mechanism 1, the support 8 is connected with the horizontal movement mechanism 2 through an elastic tensioning device 9, and the elastic tensioning device 9 adjusts the relative position of the horizontal movement mechanism 2 and the steel rail.
As shown in fig. 11, the elastic tensioning device 9 is a spring tensioning device, and in other embodiments, a nitrogen push rod or other suitable device may be used.
Furthermore, the guide mechanism comprises a guide piece, when the position of the horizontal moving mechanism does not deviate left and right, the guide piece is not in contact with the steel rail, when the horizontal moving mechanism deviates relative to the steel rail, the elastic tensioning device enables the guide piece to be attached to the steel rail through elastic force, and the position of the detection device is adjusted, so that the detection device is aligned to the position to be detected.
Specifically, the guide part comprises a guide wheel 71 or a guide plough 72, the rim of the guide wheel 71 is attached to the surface of the rail head of the steel rail, and a cushion block of the guide plough 72 is close to the inner side face of the rail head of the steel rail. The guide wheel 71 and the guide plow 72 may be provided at the same time.
The contact part of the guide plow 72 and the inner side of the steel rail can adopt a fixed contact type such as a cushion block, a rolling contact type such as a roller, a soft material such as nylon, a hard material such as metal, and other suitable structures or materials.
The detection device 4 is hinged with the vertical lifting mechanism 3. When the detection device 4 contacts the plane of the steel rail track, micro-adjustment can be automatically carried out so as to ensure that the detection device is closely attached to the plane of the track, and fixed connection can also be adopted.
The rail detection system centering process shown in fig. 11 will now be described.
As shown in fig. 11, the device includes a trolley 10, a support 8, an elastic tensioning device 9, a guiding mechanism 7 and a detection device 4, wherein the number of the elastic tensioning device 9, the number of the guiding mechanism 7 and the number of the detection device 4 are two, and the two elastic tensioning devices, the two guiding mechanisms and the two detection devices are symmetrically arranged at two symmetrical positions behind the trolley 10 in a dragging manner.
The trolley 10 is connected with the bracket 8 through a detachable connecting piece 81, so that an operator can conveniently connect and disconnect the trolley.
The vertical pressure of the body of the trolley 10 and the gravity of the support 8 make the guide wheel 71 of the guide mechanism 7 tightly attached to the surface of the tread of the head of the steel rail, so that the detection device 4 is tightly attached to the surface of the tread of the head of the steel rail, and the detection is not influenced by the jumping at high speed passing through points and the like. Guide wheels 71 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the two sides of the support 8 and are in contact with the steel rail for bearing, and each guide wheel 71 is provided with an elastic tensioning device 9, so that the detection device 4 is perpendicular to the surface of the steel rail, and the influence can be offset when the vehicle body swings left and right, and the detection cannot be influenced.
The guiding function of the guiding plough 72 is similar to that of the guiding wheel 71, and the guiding plough 72 of the guiding mechanism 7 on both sides provides the guiding function for the integrated device by contacting with the inner side of the steel rail, and the integrated device can be a general device formed by the detection device and the device arranged on the detection device.
The longitudinal guide rail 22 adopts a screw rod, a synchronous or cylinder belt structure and the like, and the slide block 23 and the detection device 4 thereon can accurately move a designated distance to a designated position through a manual mode, a hydraulic cylinder mode, a motor driving mode or a pneumatic mode and the like, so that the accurate positioning of the detection device 4 along the direction of the guide rail is realized.
After the designated position is found, the vertical lifting mechanism 3 adopts suitable structures such as a manual structure, a hydraulic cylinder structure, a screw rod structure, a synchronous belt structure, an electric push rod structure or an air cylinder structure, and the detection device can rapidly and stably fall on the plane of the track through suitable modes such as manual operation, hydraulic driving, motor driving or pneumatic operation.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (14)
1. A steel rail detection system is characterized by comprising
The travelling mechanism travels along the steel rail and conveys the detection device to the position to be detected which is preliminarily positioned to prepare for detection work;
the horizontal moving mechanism is connected with the travelling mechanism, the travelling mechanism drives the horizontal moving mechanism to travel, and after the travelling mechanism stops near the position to be detected, the horizontal moving mechanism moves in parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail to accurately move the detection device to a position right above the accurately positioned position to be detected;
the vertical lifting mechanism is connected with the horizontal moving mechanism, the detection device is arranged on the vertical lifting mechanism, and the vertical lifting mechanism vertically lifts to drive the detection device to lift;
the centering mechanism is connected with the detection device and comprises a stress mechanism and a servo mechanism, the stress mechanism generates an acting force along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail when being set to be in a non-centering state, and the servo mechanism arranged between the vertical lifting mechanism and the horizontal moving mechanism performs self-adaptive adjustment movement along the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail under the condition of stress so that the detection device is aligned with the center of the steel rail.
2. The steel rail detection system according to claim 1, wherein the force-bearing mechanism is a guide wheel, the guide wheel is disposed at a lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism, the guide wheel is connected to the detection device, the guide wheel includes two elastically connected side guide wheels, inner side surfaces of the side guide wheels are used for being attached to inner and outer side surfaces of the rail head of the steel rail to align the alignment mechanism, when the vertical lifting mechanism drives the alignment mechanism to descend, the two inner side surfaces of the guide wheel are movably adjusted to be attached to surfaces of a tread of the head of the steel rail and the inner and outer side surfaces of the head of the steel rail by elastic force, so that the detection device is aligned to a position to be detected.
3. The steel rail detection system according to claim 2, wherein the force receiving mechanism includes two symmetrical side guide wheels, a connecting shaft, and an elastic member, the two side guide wheels are sleeved on the connecting shaft to form a guide wheel, and the elastic member is disposed on an outer side surface or an inner side surface of the two side guide wheels, so that the guide wheel is movably disposed on two inner side surfaces attached to an inner side surface and an outer side surface of the steel rail head.
4. The steel rail detection system according to claim 3, wherein the force-receiving mechanism includes a vertical plate, the vertical plate is disposed at a lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism, the guide wheel is connected to the vertical plate, and the detection device is connected to the vertical plate, so that the guide wheel is connected to the detection device.
5. The steel rail detection system according to claim 2, wherein the follow-up mechanism is disposed at a joint of the vertical lifting mechanism and the traveling mechanism, and the follow-up mechanism adopts a structure of a long kidney hole movable matching shaft and a bearing disposed in a direction perpendicular to an extending direction of the steel rail, or adopts a freely movable guide rail structure disposed in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail.
6. The steel rail detection system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alignment mechanism includes a proximity switch, the proximity switch is disposed at a lower end of the vertical lifting mechanism and located on an inner side or an outer side of the rail head of the steel rail, the proximity switch senses a distance between the inner side or the outer side of the rail head of the steel rail and a certain distance below a tread of the head of the steel rail within a sensing range, the horizontal moving mechanism is adjusted to move according to a preset distance, the detection device under the horizontal moving mechanism is driven to move to a position to be detected and is aligned to a position right above a center of the steel rail, and the vertical lifting mechanism drives the detection device to fall to the position to be detected.
7. The rail detection system of claim 1, wherein the force mechanism includes a guide wheel and a guide plow, the guide wheel engaging the rail head tread and the rail head inside surface, the guide plow being proximate the rail head inside surface.
8. A rail detection system according to claim 7 wherein the follower means includes a resilient tensioning means, the detection means being connected to the travelling means by a bracket, the bracket being connected to the horizontal displacement means by a resilient tensioning means, the resilient tensioning means providing a resilient force in a direction perpendicular to the extent of the rail to adjust the relative position of the detection means and the rail.
9. A rail detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the horizontal displacement means is also displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the extent of the rail.
10. The steel rail detection system according to claim 9, wherein the horizontal moving mechanism moves in parallel to the extending direction of the steel rail or moves in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the steel rail by using a cylinder drive, a hydraulic cylinder drive, a screw drive, a synchronous belt drive or a push rod drive; the vertical lifting mechanism is driven by an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a screw rod, a synchronous belt or a push rod.
11. The steel rail detection system according to claim 9, wherein the horizontal movement mechanism is fixed to the traveling mechanism, or the horizontal movement mechanism is connected to the traveling mechanism through a towing connection mechanism.
12. The rail detection system of claim 9, wherein the horizontal movement mechanism is fixedly connected to or hinged to the vertical lift mechanism.
13. The rail detection system of claim 1, wherein the detection device is fixedly attached or hingedly attached to the vertical lift mechanism.
14. The rail detection system of claim 1, wherein the travel mechanism travels by internally providing a drive or externally connecting a drive.
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| CN202011631999.1A CN113954905A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Steel rail detection system |
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| CN202011631999.1A CN113954905A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Steel rail detection system |
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Application publication date: 20220121 |