CN113951271A - Plant-derived synergist of emamectin benzoate - Google Patents
Plant-derived synergist of emamectin benzoate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113951271A CN113951271A CN202111401776.0A CN202111401776A CN113951271A CN 113951271 A CN113951271 A CN 113951271A CN 202111401776 A CN202111401776 A CN 202111401776A CN 113951271 A CN113951271 A CN 113951271A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/06—Coniferophyta [gymnosperms], e.g. cypress
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide synergists, and discloses a plant-derived synergist of emamectin benzoate, which is prepared by mixing essential oil of taxus chinensis and emamectin benzoate according to the mass ratio of 10-50:1, and can be used as an insecticide for preventing and controlling Spodoptera frugiperda on grassland. The synergist can obviously improve the pesticide effect of the emamectin benzoate, can reduce the consumption of the emamectin benzoate under the same control effect, overcomes and delays the pesticide resistance of pests, and has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, environmental pollution reduction, obvious economic benefit and environmental protection significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide synergists, and particularly relates to a plant-derived synergist of emamectin benzoate.
Background
Spodoptera frugiperda (a scientific name: Spodoptera frugiperda) belongs to the Spodoptera of the family Spodoptera, has a wide range of hosts, and is mainly harmful to crops such as corn in China. At present, chemical agents such as emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, lufenuron and the like recommended by agricultural rural departments are mainly used for preventing and treating spodoptera frugiperda. Due to the fact that a large amount of chemical pesticides are used in the last two years, not only is the prevention and treatment cost high, but also the drug resistance of spodoptera frugiperda is increased, and the problems of pesticide residues and the like are gradually attracted by people.
The pesticide synergist can effectively reduce the surface tension of the pesticide, enhance the wetting, adhering or spreading capacity of the pesticide drops on the surface of plants or the surface of pests, and improve the pesticide effect, thereby reducing the using amount of the chemical pesticide. Currently, the main components of the synergist comprise organic silicon, a compound with a methylene dioxyphenol group and the like, and natural plant essential oils such as orange peel essential oil, turpentine essential oil, sesame oil and the like are also increasingly used as pesticide synergists for development and research.
The plant essential oil has the effects of stomach toxicity, contact poisoning, fumigation, growth and development inhibition and the like on pests, and the development of the plant essential oil as a plant source pesticide is still in the beginning. The plant essential oil is added into the chemical pesticide as a synergist or a compound agent, so that the use amount of the chemical pesticide can be obviously reduced, and the high-efficiency and low-toxicity plant source pesticide synergist or compound agent is developed. The taxus chinensis (with the academic name of Taxodium hybrid 'zhongshanshan') has the characteristic of less plant diseases and insect pests, and related researches show that the taxus chinensis essential oil has obvious bacteriostatic activity on various plant pathogenic fungi and shows good fumigating activity on grain storage pests such as corn weevil and the like. However, no report is found on the research of the essential oil of the taxus chinensis as the plant source synergist, and no relevant research report is provided on whether the essential oil can be used for preventing and controlling spodoptera frugiperda.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plant source synergist aiming at methylamino abamectin benzoate serving as a common pesticide component, the synergist is essential oil extracted from leaves of taxus chinensis, and the synergist is used as the synergist of the methylamino abamectin benzoate, so that the pesticide effect can be obviously improved, the pesticide resistance of pests can be overcome and delayed, and the synergist is particularly used for preventing and treating spodoptera frugiperda, and the synergist is obvious in synergism.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a plant-derived synergist of emamectin benzoate is essential oil of Sequoia intermedia.
The essential oil of the sequoia zhongshanensis is extracted from the sequoia zhongshanensis leaves serving as raw materials. The Sequoia intermedia is a plant of genus Sequoia of family Cunninghamiae, and is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Yunnan and Chongqing of China, and has moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, and saline-alkali resistance. Has the advantages of wide source and low cost.
The essential oil of the taxus chinensis comprises main components of Limonene (Limonene), Caryophyllene (beta-caryophylelene), beta-Pinene (beta-Pinene), alpha-Terpineol (alpha-Terpineol), alpha-Pinene (alpha-Pinene) and the like.
The extraction method of the sequoia intermedia essential oil comprises a steam distillation method, an organic solvent method or a supercritical CO (carbon monoxide) method2The method is carried out.
Wherein the steam distillation method comprises the steps of: heating, distilling and extracting crushed leaves of the taxus chinensis by taking water as an extracting agent, adding normal hexane into the crushed leaves of the taxus chinensis at 100-120 ℃ for distilling for 6-8 hours to collect upper fraction, and treating to obtain the essential oil of the taxus chinensis.
The upper fraction treatment process comprises the following steps: after cooling, separating liquid, collecting an n-hexane layer, removing the n-hexane layer through concentration under reduced pressure to obtain the essential oil of the taxus chinensis, and transferring the essential oil to a brown sample bottle for storage in a refrigerating way.
Wherein the organic solvent process comprises the steps of: taking water and an organic solvent as leaching liquor for crushed sequoia intermedia leaves, wherein the mass ratio of the sequoia intermedia to the organic solvent is 30: 1000-10; the mass ratio of the sequoia intermedia to water is 1: 5-8, leaching for 3-4 hours, and removing the organic solvent and water to obtain the sequoia intermedia essential oil;
the organic solvent comprises one of petroleum ether, dichloroethane and n-hexane.
Wherein the supercritical CO2The method comprises the following steps: pulverizing ZhongshanPlacing folium Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae in supercritical CO2Extracting essential oil in a reaction kettle at 40-55 deg.C under 20-15MPa with CO2The flow rate is 30-50L/h, the primary separation pressure is 8-10MPa, the secondary separation pressure is 5-6MPa, and the extraction time is 90-150 minutes.
Specifically, the crushed Chinese fir leaves are sieved by a sieve with 10-100 meshes before extraction, so that the particles are uniform, and the extraction efficiency and the yield are improved.
The plant source synergist and the emamectin benzoate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10-50:1 and then used.
Preferably, the plant source synergist and the emamectin benzoate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10-30:1 and then used.
In some embodiments, the plant-derived synergist and emamectin benzoate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 20-40:1 and then used.
In some embodiments, the plant-derived synergist is mixed with emamectin benzoate according to a mass ratio of 30:1 for use. The two have the most obvious synergy in the mass ratio, and can obviously reduce the using amount of emamectin benzoate and reduce the damage to the environment when being matched to be used as a pesticide.
Researches show that the plant source synergist and the emamectin benzoate are mixed for preventing and treating the spodoptera frugiperda, have a remarkable effect and high lethality rate, and can effectively overcome and delay the drug resistance of pests, reduce the using amount of the emamectin benzoate and reduce the environmental pollution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention discovers for the first time that the essential oil of the taxus chinensis is used as a synergist, can obviously improve the drug effect of the emamectin benzoate, can reduce the using amount of the emamectin benzoate under the same control effect, and overcomes and delays the drug resistance of pests.
(2) The synergist is a plant source synergist, is wide in raw material source, is simple and convenient in extraction method, and has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, reduction of environmental pollution, remarkable economic benefit and significance in environmental protection.
(3) The synergist of the invention can be mixed with emamectin benzoate to achieve a remarkable effect on preventing and treating Spodoptera frugiperda, and has important significance on cultivation and pest control of crops such as corn and the like.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can make modifications and equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Examples
The method extracts the essential oil of the sequoia intermedia by the steam distillation method, adopts the steam distillation method to extract the essential oil, has mature technology in the aspects of flow, equipment, operation and the like, and has high economic benefit and simple operation.
The method comprises the following steps:
firstly, picking fresh leaves of the taxus chinensis, crushing the leaves, and putting the crushed leaves into a volatile oil extraction device; adding water (preferably distilled water) according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: 10-15 (g/ml), and mixing; then adding an organic solvent (such as petroleum ether, n-hexane and the like, preferably n-hexane; the ratio of the organic solvent to the crushed Chinese fir leaves is 10-30: 1000(ml/g), preferably 15-20: 1000), and carrying out heating distillation extraction at the extraction temperature of 100 ℃ for 6-8 h;
after cooling, liquid separation is carried out, and the organic layer is decompressed and concentrated to remove the solvent, so as to obtain the essential oil of the taxus chinensis.
1. Test insects
Spodoptera frugiperda: the test insects were provided by the plant protection college of university of agriculture, Anhui. Extracting essential oil from Sequoia intermedia by steam distillation, feeding Spodoptera frugiperda with artificial feed prepared in laboratory at 27 + -1 deg.C with relative humidity of 70 + -5%, photoperiod L: D: 16:8h and illumination intensity of 8000lx for more than 5 generations, and selecting healthy larva as insect source.
2. Experimental methods
A method for measuring contact activity. The contact activity of the taxus chinensis essential oil and the emamectin benzoate on spodoptera frugiperda larvae is measured by adopting a micro-drop method. Inoculating 1 head of larva of 2 years old into each hole of a 12-hole plate, repeating for 3 times when 12 head of larva is treated, dripping the medicament on the back of the larva by using a micro-dropping instrument after low-temperature anesthesia, wherein the volume of the test medicament received by each head of larva is 0.2 mu L, adding fresh corn seedlings into each hole, taking acetone as a control, and checking the result after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours. If the larvae were not responsive or had obvious symptoms of intoxication (malformation, twitching, stopping feeding, etc.) by touching with a writing brush, they were considered dead.
A method for evaluating the synergistic effect. Diluting a raw emamectin benzoate into acetone solution with gradient concentration, mixing the liquid medicine with the prepared essential oil solution with the concentration of 10 mu L/L according to optimal different proportions, and preparing the test medicament with the ratio of the emamectin benzoate to the essential oil of the taxotere being 1:1, 1:10, 1:30, 1:50 and 1:100 respectively. Inoculating 1 head of larva of 2 instars into each hole of a 12-hole plate, repeating for 3 times when 24 larvae are treated, carrying out low-temperature anesthesia, dripping 0.2 mu L of medicament solution on the back of the larva of spodoptera frugiperda by using a micro-dripping instrument by adopting a dripping method, taking essential oil acetone solution with the same dosage as a control, and checking results after 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours.
3. Formula for calculation
Using SPSS21.0 software, taking the logarithm value of the concentration of the medicament as the abscissa and the corrected death rate value as the ordinate to perform toxicity regression analysis, and calculating a toxicity regression equation, a correlation coefficient r and a semi-lethal concentration LC50。
Wherein, the synergy ratio is 1, which indicates no synergy; the synergy ratio is more than 1, which indicates the synergy; synergy ratio < 1 indicates antagonism.
4. Results of the experiment
The evaluation results of the synergy of the sequoia intermedia essential oil on emamectin benzoate for preventing and controlling spodoptera frugiperda are shown in table 1, wherein df is the degree of freedom, and X2 is the chi-square value (the following data are experimental data with the processing time of 48 h).
TABLE 1 comparison of different mass ratios of Sequoia intermedia essential oil and emamectin benzoate contact killing Activity of Spodoptera frugiperda
As can be seen from table 1, after the sequoia intermedia essential oil and the emamectin benzoate are mixed according to different mass ratios, the sequoia intermedia essential oil has an obvious synergistic effect on the emamectin benzoate for preventing and controlling spodoptera frugiperda, and when the mass ratios are 1:1, 1:10, 1:30, 1:50 and 1:100, the synergistic ratios are 1.07, 1.47, 2.79, 1.20 and 1.04 respectively; when the mass ratio is 1:30, the synergistic ratio is the largest and is 2.79, and the synergistic effect is the most remarkable.
As shown in the data in the table, the synergist can obviously improve the drug effect of emamectin benzoate, obviously increase the toxicity under the same drug application condition, reduce the dosage of chemical pesticides, and effectively overcome and delay the drug resistance of spodoptera frugiperda. While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plant-derived synergist of emamectin benzoate is characterized in that the plant-derived synergist is essential oil of taxus chinensis.
2. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist of claim 1, wherein the said essential oil of sequoia intermedia is an essential oil extracted from the leaves of sequoia intermedia.
3. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist of claim 1, wherein the essential oil of said sequoia intermedia comprises limonene, caryophyllene, beta-pinene, alpha-terpineol and alpha-pinene.
4. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist of claim 1, wherein the extraction method of said essential oil of said taxus chinensis comprises steam distillation, organic solvent method or supercritical CO2The method is carried out.
5. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist of claim 4, wherein said steam distillation process comprises the steps of: heating, distilling and extracting crushed leaves of the taxus chinensis by taking water as an extracting agent, adding normal hexane into the crushed leaves of the taxus chinensis at 100-120 ℃ for distilling for 6-8 hours to collect upper fraction, and treating to obtain the essential oil of the taxus chinensis.
6. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist of claim 4, wherein said organic solvent process comprises the steps of: taking water and an organic solvent as leaching liquor for crushed sequoia intermedia leaves, wherein the mass ratio of the sequoia intermedia to the organic solvent is 30: 1000-10; extracting the taxus chinensis with water in a mass ratio of 1: 5-8 for 3-4 hours, and removing the organic solvent and the water to obtain the taxus chinensis essential oil;
the organic solvent comprises one of petroleum ether, dichloroethane and n-hexane.
7. The plant-derived synergist of emamectin benzoate according to claim 4,characterized in that the supercritical CO2The method comprises the following steps: placing pulverized Chinese fir leaf into supercritical CO2Extracting essential oil in a reaction kettle at 40-55 deg.C under 20-15MPa with CO2The flow rate is 30-50L/h, the primary separation pressure is 8-10MPa, the secondary separation pressure is 5-6MPa, and the extraction time is 90-150 minutes.
8. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived synergist is mixed with emamectin benzoate according to a mass ratio of 10-50:1 for use.
9. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived synergist is mixed with emamectin benzoate according to a mass ratio of 10-30:1 for use.
10. The emamectin benzoate plant-derived synergist according to claim 1, wherein the plant-derived synergist is mixed with emamectin benzoate according to a mass ratio of 30:1 for use.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114586800A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-07 | 江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pharmaceutical composition and application thereof in prevention and control of spodoptera frugiperda |
| CN116035013A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-05-02 | 安徽农业大学 | Application of Chinese fir essential oil as plant source synergist of prothioconazole |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109362753A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 | A kind of Pesticidal combination containing emamectin-benzoate |
| CN109479904A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽农业大学 | Middle mountain China fir essential oil and its application in agricultural insect pests control |
| CN112322390A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-05 | 安徽省泰林生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for extracting essential oil of sequoia zhongshanensis |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109362753A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳诺普信农化股份有限公司 | A kind of Pesticidal combination containing emamectin-benzoate |
| CN109479904A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-19 | 安徽农业大学 | Middle mountain China fir essential oil and its application in agricultural insect pests control |
| CN112322390A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-05 | 安徽省泰林生态农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for extracting essential oil of sequoia zhongshanensis |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114586800A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-07 | 江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pharmaceutical composition and application thereof in prevention and control of spodoptera frugiperda |
| CN116035013A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-05-02 | 安徽农业大学 | Application of Chinese fir essential oil as plant source synergist of prothioconazole |
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