CN113947901B - Rapid bus station position arrangement method based on intersection timing - Google Patents
Rapid bus station position arrangement method based on intersection timing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid transit station position arrangement method based on intersection timing, which comprises the following steps of firstly, collecting the number of intersections on a rapid transit line, the distance between each intersection, a signal timing parameter, the average running speed of a rapid transit and the stop time of the rapid transit at a station; secondly, establishing a relational expression between the time when the bus rapid transit reaches all signal intersections in the uplink and downlink directions and the bus rapid transit station position arrangement; then, a calculation formula of delay time of the bus rapid transit at all intersections is constructed; and finally, calculating to obtain an optimal scheme for the position arrangement of the rapid bus stations by taking the minimum total delay of the rapid bus in the uplink and downlink directions as an objective function. The method can be used for determining the layout scheme of the bus rapid transit line stop positions, and the total delay of the bus rapid transit in the uplink and downlink directions is reduced by setting the reasonable bus rapid transit stop positions, so that the travel efficiency of passengers is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of traffic control, relates to the technical field of urban bus rapid transit line stop position arrangement, and particularly relates to a bus rapid transit stop position arrangement method based on intersection timing.
Background
The rapid public transport people all occupy small road area, large transport capacity and low exhaust emission, the requirements of urban green traffic development are met, in the aspect of arrangement of public transport station positions, the standard specification which can be referred to is provided, the requirements on the size of a public transport station, the conditions for setting a harbor type stop station and the like are only made in urban road traffic facility design specification GB50688-2011, and how to set a reasonable rapid public transport station position is an urgent problem to be solved.
Therefore, the invention provides a rapid transit station position arrangement method based on intersection timing, when a rapid transit station is arranged near an intersection at timing, the rapid transit station is divided into an intersection upstream stop and an intersection downstream stop, for any rapid transit line, if the station positions in two directions of upstream and downstream are arranged as research objects after passing through N intersections along the way, the station position arrangement combination scheme of the rapid transit line has 4 N The bus rapid transit line layout method and device reduces total signal delay time of a bus rapid transit at an intersection by researching a bus rapid transit line layout scheme at stations in ascending and descending directions, so that passenger travel efficiency is improved, and the bus rapid transit line layout method and device are the problems mainly solved in the patent.
The document retrieval in the prior art finds that the research on the layout of the urban road express bus station positions is less, most documents are qualitative analysis and practical experience summary, quantitative analysis is rare, and no relevant research is currently performed on the layout of the bidirectional station positions, namely the upstream station position and the downstream station position, which are based on intersection timing, minimum total delay for the express bus and aiming at the express bus line.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: aiming at the defects of the existing research, the invention aims to provide a rapid transit station position arrangement method based on intersection timing, which starts from the rapid transit station position arrangement at the upstream of an intersection or the downstream of the intersection, establishes a delay time formula of the rapid transit at each signal intersection by constructing a relational expression between the time when the rapid transit arrives at all signal intersections in the upstream and downstream directions and the rapid transit station position arrangement, and further establishes a station position optimization model, so that the bidirectional total delay of the rapid transit is minimized, and the traveling efficiency of passengers is improved.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a rapid bus stop position arrangement method based on intersection timing, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring the number of intersections on a rapid bus line, the distance between each intersection and a signal timing parameter, and acquiring the average running speed of the rapid bus and the stop time of the rapid bus at a stop;
step 2: establishing a relational expression between the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at all signal intersections in the uplink and downlink directions and the bus rapid transit station position;
and step 3: establishing a delay time calculation formula of the bus rapid transit at each signalized intersection, and determining a station position layout optimal scheme of the bus rapid transit line by taking the minimum bidirectional total delay of the bus rapid transit at all signalized intersections as a target;
in the invention, the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 11: the method for acquiring the basic parameters of the bus rapid transit line comprises the following steps: the number of the intersections is represented by N, and the intersections are numbered and recorded as i, i belongs to {1,2, …, N }; the line direction is represented by k, k belongs to {1,2},1 represents the downlink direction, and 2 represents the uplink direction; the average running speed of the bus rapid transit is expressed by v, and the unit is meter per second; distance between the start point of the research area and the first intersection of the bus rapid transit
Expressed in meters; at the intersection, use
Expressed in meters; the signal timing parameters of each intersection along the line comprise: red light time of phase position of bus rapid transit passing direction
For indicating absolute phase difference at crossing
The common period is denoted by C, and the units are seconds.
In the invention, step 2, a relational expression between the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at all signalized intersections in the uplink and downlink directions and the bus rapid transit station position layout is established, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 21: using 0-1 variable in the up-line and down-line of bus rapid transit
The setting condition of the rapid bus station position is shown, and the rapid bus station has two conditions, namely a first condition, at the laying position of any intersection i: the stations being arranged upstream of the intersection i, i.e.
Represents an upstream docking station; love of a personThe second situation: the stations being arranged downstream of the intersection i, i.e.
Represents a downstream stop, as shown in equation (1):
step 22: the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at the research area is represented by t, the unit is second, the timing period is set to be equal to the signal period C, and the formula (2) is met:
0≤t≤C (2)
step 23: the bus rapid transit with t seconds of arrival time in the uplink and downlink directions and the travel time of arriving at the first intersection is
As shown in equation (3):
aiming at the road sections of any two adjacent intersections, intersection i, intersection j and ascending and descending directions between intersections
As shown in equation (4):
and step 24: in the uplink and downlink directions, the stop time of the bus rapid transit from the starting point of the research area to the first intersection
As shown in equation (5):
in the formula (5), the first and second groups,
the method is characterized in that the condition that an uplink or a downlink of the bus rapid transit is laid at a station position of a first intersection, delta t is the stop time of the bus rapid transit at the station, and the unit is second;
in the uplink and downlink directions, the stop time of the bus rapid transit between any two adjacent intersections i and j
As shown in equation (6):
in the formula (6), the first and second groups,
for the situation that the bus rapid transit uplink or downlink is arranged at the station position of the ith intersection,
the method is characterized in that the condition that an uplink or a downlink of the bus rapid transit is arranged at a station position of a jth intersection is provided;
step 25: in the upstream and downstream directions, the time when the bus rapid transit reaches the first intersection from the starting point of the research area
As shown in equation (7):
in the formula (7), t is the moment when the bus rapid transit reaches the starting point of the research area,
for the stop time of the bus rapid transit from the starting point of the research area to the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction,
the unit of the travel time of the bus rapid transit from the starting point of the research area to the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction is seconds;
in the uplink and downlink directions, the total time spent by the bus rapid transit from the intersection i to the intersection j
As shown in equation (8):
in the formula (8), the first and second groups,
for the total stop time of the rapid public transport from the intersection i to the intersection j in the ascending or descending direction,
the unit of the running time of the bus rapid transit from the intersection i to the intersection j in the ascending or descending direction is seconds.
In the invention, in the step 3, the step of establishing a delay time calculation formula of the bus rapid transit at each signalized intersection comprises the following steps:
step 31: calculating the delay time of the bus rapid transit arriving at the starting point of the research area at the first intersection in the upstream and downstream directions in the tth second
Firstly, the rapid bus arrives at the first intersection
Dividing the time by the public signal period C, then rounding the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at the first intersection downwards, converting the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at the intersection into a variable from 0 to the public signal period C, and delaying the time of the bus rapid transit at the first intersection
As shown in equation (9):
in the formula (9), the first and second groups,
the red light time of the phase position where the bus rapid transit passes at the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction is in second unit;
step 32: in the upstream and downstream directions, the moment when the bus rapid transit reaching the starting point of the research area in the t second travels to the ith intersection
As shown in equation (10):
in the formula (10), the first and second groups,
at the moment when the bus rapid transit reaches the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction,
the delay time of the bus rapid transit at the first intersection in the uplink or downlink direction,
from intersection m to intersection m for rapid public transport in uplink or downlink directionThe total time spent at the intersection n is,
the delay time of the bus rapid transit at the mth intersection in the uplink or downlink direction,
the unit is the absolute phase difference of the ith intersection in the uplink or downlink direction and is second;
in the uplink and downlink directions, the time delay of the bus rapid transit at the ith intersection
As shown in equation (11):
in the formula (11), the first and second groups,
the red light time of the phase position where the bus rapid transit passes at the ith intersection in the ascending or descending direction is second;
step 33: taking the minimum total delay of the bus rapid transit in the ascending direction and the descending direction at all intersections as an objective function, as shown in a formula (12), and combining the formulas (1) to (11), optimizing to obtain an optimal station position layout scheme of the bus rapid transit line in the ascending direction and the descending direction:
in the formula (12), D is the total delay time of the bus rapid transit at all intersections in the uplink and downlink directions,
for delaying the time of the bus rapid transit at the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction,
the unit of the delay time of the bus rapid transit at the intersection i in the ascending or descending direction is seconds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method aims at the layout problem of the positions of the rapid bus stations on the urban road, considers the delay influence calculation of the selection of the station positions on the rapid buses at the intersections, and calculates and obtains the optimal layout scheme of the positions of the rapid bus stations according to the signal timing parameters of all the intersections along the rapid bus line, the intersection distance, the average driving speed of the rapid buses, the absolute phase difference, the public signal period and other parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an alternative combination scheme for the positions of fast bus stops at a single intersection;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying fig. 1-3 and examples, but the embodiments of the invention are not limited thereto. The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the examples described above, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and they are included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Selecting a certain bus rapid transit line as a research object, enabling the line to pass through 12 continuous signal control intersections along the way, acquiring intersection signal cycles C =180s according to the step 1, and numbering all the intersections in sequence; collecting other basic parameters: the station stop time delta t =18 s, the average running speed v =12m/s of the bus rapid transit, and the arrival research area of the bus rapid transitThe time t of the starting point is uniformly distributed in the public signal period C, and in the example, the arrival time t =17s of a certain bus rapid transit is taken; collection intersection interval
Traffic phase red light time of bus rapid transit at each intersection
Absolute phase difference at intersection
As shown in table 1.
Table 1: intersection spacing data and intersection signal timing parameters
Example 2
And (3) calculating the time and delay time of the bus rapid transit reaching all signalized intersections in the uplink and downlink directions according to the formulas (1) - (11) and the objective function formula (12) in the step 2 and the step 3, as shown in the table 2.
Table 2: time when the bus rapid transit reaches each intersection and delay time at each intersection
Example 3
The optimal scheme for arranging the bus rapid transit line station positions is calculated and obtained by taking the minimum total delay of the bus rapid transit in all intersections in the uplink and downlink directions as a target, the station position arrangement selection result is shown in a table 3, and the bus rapid transit line station position arrangement schematic diagram is shown in an attached drawing 3.
Table 3: rapid bus station position layout selection result with minimum bidirectional total delay for rapid bus
By applying the method of the invention, the value of the target function D is 330.21 seconds.
Claims (1)
1. A bus rapid transit station position arrangement method based on intersection timing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: collecting the number of intersections on a bus rapid transit line, the distance between each intersection and signal timing parameters, and collecting the average running speed of the bus rapid transit and the stop time of the bus rapid transit at a stop;
step 2: establishing a relational expression between the time when the bus rapid transit reaches all signal intersections in the uplink and downlink directions and the bus rapid transit station position arrangement;
and step 3: establishing a delay time calculation formula of the bus rapid transit at each signalized intersection, and determining a station position layout optimal scheme of the bus rapid transit line by taking the minimum bidirectional total delay of the bus rapid transit at all signalized intersections as a target;
in the step 1, the acquisition of the basic parameters of the bus rapid transit line comprises the following steps:
step 11: the basic parameters of the bus rapid transit line are collected and comprise: the number of the intersections is represented by N, and the intersections are numbered and recorded as i, i belongs to {1,2, …, N }; the line direction is represented by k, k belongs to {1,2},1 represents the downlink direction, and 2 represents the uplink direction; the average running speed of the bus rapid transit is expressed by v, and the unit is meter per second; distance from the starting point of the research area to the first intersection of the bus rapid transit
Expressed in meters; at the intersection, use
Expressed in meters; the signal timing parameters of each intersection along the line comprise: r is used for red light time of phase position of bus rapid transit passing direction i k For indicating, absolute phase difference at crossing
The common period is represented by C, and the units are seconds;
in the step 2, a relational expression between the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at all the signalized intersections in the uplink and downlink directions and the bus rapid transit station position layout is established, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 21: using 0-1 variable in the up-line and down-line of bus rapid transit
The setting condition of the position of the rapid bus station is shown, and the rapid bus station has two conditions, namely a first condition and a second condition, at the layout position of any intersection i: the stations being arranged upstream of the intersection i, i.e.
Represents an upstream docking station; case two: the stations being arranged downstream of the intersection i, i.e.
Represents a downstream stop, as shown in equation (1):
step 22: the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at the starting point of the research area is represented by t, the unit is second, the timing period is set to be equal to the signal period C, and the formula (2) is met:
0≤t≤C (2)
step 23: in the uplink and downlink directions, the bus rapid transit with the arrival time of t seconds arrives at the first bus rapid transitThe running time of each intersection is
As shown in equation (3):
aiming at the road section driving time of any two adjacent intersections, namely intersection i, intersection j and the ascending and descending directions between the intersections
As shown in equation (4):
step 24: in the uplink and downlink directions, the stop time of the bus rapid transit from the starting point of the research area to the first intersection
As shown in equation (5):
in the formula (5), the first and second groups of the chemical reaction materials are selected from the group consisting of,
the method is characterized in that the condition that an uplink or a downlink of the bus rapid transit is arranged at a station position of a first intersection is provided, and delta t is the stop time of the bus rapid transit at the station and has the unit of second;
in the uplink and downlink directions, the stop time of the bus rapid transit between any two adjacent intersections i and j
As shown in equation (6):
in the formula (6), the first and second groups,
for the situation that the bus rapid transit uplink or downlink is arranged at the station position of the ith intersection,
the method is characterized in that the condition that an uplink or a downlink of the bus rapid transit is arranged at a station position of a jth intersection is provided;
step 25: in the uplink and downlink directions, the time when the bus rapid transit reaches the first intersection from the starting point of the research area
As shown in equation (7):
in the formula (7), t is the time when the bus rapid transit reaches the starting point of the research area,
for the stop time of the bus rapid transit from the starting point of the research area to the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction,
the unit of the travel time of the bus rapid transit from the starting point of the research area to the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction is seconds;
in the uplink and downlink directions, the total time spent by the bus rapid transit from the intersection i to the intersection jWorkshop
As shown in equation (8):
in the formula (8), the first and second groups,
for the total stop time of the rapid public transport from the intersection i to the intersection j in the ascending or descending direction,
the unit of the running time of the bus rapid transit from the intersection i to the intersection j in the ascending or descending direction is seconds;
in the step 3, the step of establishing a delay time calculation formula of the bus rapid transit at each signalized intersection comprises the following steps:
step 31: in the uplink and downlink directions, the delay time of the bus rapid transit at the first intersection when the tth second reaches the starting point of the research area is calculated
Firstly, the time when the bus rapid transit reaches the first intersection
Dividing the time by the public signal period C, then rounding the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at the first intersection downwards, converting the time when the bus rapid transit arrives at the intersection into a variable from 0 to the public signal period C, and delaying the time of the bus rapid transit at the first intersection
As shown in equation (9):
in the formula (9), the first and second groups,
the red light time of the phase position where the bus rapid transit passes at the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction is in seconds;
step 32: in the upstream and downstream directions, the moment when the bus rapid transit reaching the starting point of the research area in the t second travels to the ith intersection
As shown in equation (10):
in the formula (10), the first and second groups,
at the moment when the bus rapid transit reaches the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction,
the delay time of the bus rapid transit at the first intersection in the uplink or downlink direction,
for the total time spent by the bus rapid transit from the intersection m to the intersection n in the uplink or downlink direction,
the delay time of the bus rapid transit at the mth intersection in the uplink or downlink direction,
is upstream orThe unit of the absolute phase difference of the ith intersection in the descending direction is second;
delay time of bus rapid transit at ith intersection in uplink and downlink directions
As shown in equation (11):
in the formula (11), the first and second groups,
the red light time of the phase position where the bus rapid transit passes at the ith intersection in the ascending or descending direction is in seconds;
step 33: the minimum total delay of the bus rapid transit in the ascending direction and the descending direction at all intersections is taken as an objective function, and as shown in a formula (12), the optimal stop position arrangement scheme of the bus rapid transit line in the ascending direction and the descending direction is obtained through optimization by combining formulas (1) - (11):
in the formula (12), D is the total delay time of the bus rapid transit at all intersections in the uplink and downlink directions,
for delaying the time of the bus rapid transit at the first intersection in the ascending or descending direction,
the unit is the delay time of the bus rapid transit at the intersection i in the ascending or descending direction, and the delay time is seconds.
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