CN113945193A - Soil body layering settlement measuring device and measuring method for geotechnical test - Google Patents
Soil body layering settlement measuring device and measuring method for geotechnical test Download PDFInfo
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- CN113945193A CN113945193A CN202111000449.4A CN202111000449A CN113945193A CN 113945193 A CN113945193 A CN 113945193A CN 202111000449 A CN202111000449 A CN 202111000449A CN 113945193 A CN113945193 A CN 113945193A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring layered settlement of a soil body in a geotechnical test, relates to the field of devices for measuring layered settlement of the geotechnical test, and solves the problems that the layered settlement of the soil body is difficult to measure in a geotechnical model test. The technical scheme is characterized by comprising a base, a water storage tank and a water pressure detection assembly, wherein the base provides a horizontal placing platform for the water storage tank; the water pressure detection assembly comprises a settlement plate, a plurality of telescopic hoses and a water pressure sensor, wherein the water pressure sensor is positioned inside the bottom ends of the telescopic hoses and is in welded connection with the settlement plate, and the telescopic hoses and the settlement plate are in welded connection to form a sealing structure. The technical effect is that the measurement of the soil body settlement is replaced by the measurement of the water pressure in the system and the output and the acquisition of the water pressure are realized by respectively measuring the water pressure at the reference position and the measuring point. The soil body layered settlement measuring device can be used for analyzing differential settlement between soil and rigid piles among piles, differential settlement between rigid piles and flexible piles and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical test equipment, in particular to a device and a method for measuring layered settlement of soil in a geotechnical test.
Background
Soft soil layers are widely distributed in coastal areas of eastern China, and due to the fact that soft soil has the advantages of being large in pore ratio, high in water content, high in compressibility, low in shear strength and the like, buildings located on the soft soil layers are prone to irregular settlement, the phenomena of cracking of building walls and the like are caused, and great challenges are brought to the quality problems of the buildings within the specified service life. In order to ensure the safety of buildings, the settlement detection of the foundation or the soil layer of the pile foundation is particularly important. Because of the reasons of huge cost of field experiments, high test difficulty, complex field test conditions and the like, the indoor model test has become the mainstream method for geotechnical engineering test research. The general geotechnical engineering model test not only needs to measure the integral settlement of soil bodies, but also needs to measure the layered settlement of different soil layers so as to research the settlement characteristics of different soil layers.
Chinese patent with application publication No. CN105424910A and application publication date 2016, 3, 23 discloses a soil layered settlement measuring device, which comprises a settlement measuring component, a pressurizing device and a model box. The principle is that the positioning rod is used for positioning the settling pipe, and when the pressurizing device pressurizes the soil layer, the settling pipes with different outer diameters can sink along with the pressurization of the soil body, so that the aim of layered settlement measurement is achieved.
The defect of the prior art is that when the load is too large or the eccentricity occurs in the loading process, the positioning rod can incline to cause a larger error; the situation that the sliding resistance of the positioning slide increases along with the increase of the service time influences the free settlement of the settling tube; the device can not be used for measuring the settlement condition of the soil layer during transverse loading, and the applicable test working condition is relatively limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil body layered settlement measuring device for a geotechnical test, which has the function of measuring the settlement of soil layers at different depths in a layered manner, analyzes the settlement characteristics of the soil layers aiming at the settlement conditions of different soil layers and further has the advantage of optimizing a pile foundation design method.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a soil body layered settlement measuring device for a geotechnical test comprises a base, a water storage tank, a placing table, a horizontal device and a water pressure detecting assembly, wherein the water pressure detecting assembly comprises a settling plate, a plurality of telescopic hoses and a water pressure sensor, and the water pressure sensor is respectively arranged in the bottom ends of the telescopic hoses and at the bottom of the water storage tank; the settling plate is positioned at the lower part of the water pressure sensor.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, each soil layer can produce different displacements in the experiment, and the settlement plate of fixing at scalable hose lower extreme can follow the soil layer and remove when the soil layer takes place to subside, leads to scalable hose bottom water pressure to change, and then water pressure detecting component measures different water pressures, through the formula
And converting to obtain the actual displacement of the soil layer. Compared with the traditional measuring mode, the device obtains a settlement value by adopting water pressure conversion, and the measuring range is larger; the water pressure sensor has high precision, the result obtained by measurement is more accurate, and the soil squeezing effect on the soil layer can be better avoided.
Further setting: the settlement plate is connected with the water pressure sensor in a welding mode, and the settlement plate is welded with the lower end of the telescopic hose to form a sealing structure.
By adopting the technical scheme, the water pressure sensor is welded and connected with the settlement plate, so that the influence of the falling of the settlement plate in the experiment on the experiment is effectively prevented; meanwhile, the sedimentation plate and the telescopic hose form a sealing structure to prevent water leakage in the experiment and influence the experiment result.
Further setting: the placing table is a pedestal with a concave middle part to form circumferential limit; the level device comprises a bubble level meter positioned in the middle of the front end of the placing table, and the bubble level meter is a universal level meter.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the concave spacing pedestal of formation circumference in middle part can firmly fix the storage water tank, rocks about avoiding experimenting the water tank and influences the experimental result, is located the universal spirit level on placing platform upper portion and is used for judging whether the base is level, prevents because the slope of base leads to the storage water tank slope and the water pressure error that produces.
Further setting: the upper surface of the base plate is connected with supporting legs, the supporting legs are connected with the base plate in a welded mode, the supporting legs are located on the lower portion of the placing table, and a plurality of bases for placing the water storage tank are formed.
Through adopting the chassis below the above-mentioned technical scheme supporting legs can increase with the area of contact of experimental soil layer, effectively avoid in the experiment because a plurality of supporting legs is inhomogeneous to sink into the soil layer and lead to the whole error that inclines and produce of device.
Further setting: the water storage tank is located on the upper portion of the placing table, a water inlet is formed in a top plate of the water storage tank, and a plurality of water outlets connected with the water pressure detection assembly are formed in a bottom plate of the water storage tank.
By adopting the technical scheme, the transparent water storage tank is convenient for observing the change of the water level and whether the water surface is flat or not in an experiment, the base is timely adjusted to ensure the accuracy of water pressure measurement when the water surface is inclined, the water pressure detection assembly is connected with the water outlet of the water tank through threads, so that the water leakage phenomenon is avoided in the experiment process, and the accuracy of the experiment is ensured; and meanwhile, the top cover positioned at the upper part of the water inlet prevents errors caused by water evaporation in the experiment.
Further setting: the settlement plate is a square thin sheet and is made of stainless steel corrosion-resistant materials.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, subside that the board can be better along with the soil layer subsides, improved the accuracy of experiment.
The invention aims to provide a method for measuring soil body layered settlement in a geotechnical test, which has the function of measuring the settlement of soil layers at different depths in a layered manner, analyzes the settlement characteristics of the soil layers aiming at the settlement conditions of different soil layers and further has the advantage of optimizing a pile foundation design method.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a soil body layered settlement measurement method for a geotechnical test comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation phase
S1.1, determining the particle size and the water content of soil and sand through a geotechnical experiment, and preliminarily predicting the layered settlement range of a soil body;
s1.2, selecting a water pressure sensor with a proper measuring range, fixing the water pressure sensor at the central position of a settlement plate, and connecting the settlement plate with a telescopic hose to form a sealing structure;
s1.3, pouring water to a preset water level through a water inlet of a water storage tank;
s2 adjusting stage
S2.1, horizontally placing a settlement plate at the corresponding soil layer partition to be detected when filling soil in a layered manner;
s2.2, continuously covering and filling the soil to a preset height, and compacting to a required compactness;
s2.3, connecting an experimental instrument, and adjusting parameters of the experimental instrument;
s3 measuring stage
In the S3.1 experiment, a reference measuring point is placed at the bottom of the water storage tank and used as a reference. The measurement point was placed at the sedimentation measurement point. The initial height difference between the measuring point and the bottom of the water tank is h1At the moment, the water pressure at the measuring point is P1, the water pressure at the reference point at the bottom of the water tank is P, and the water pressure is obtained according to a water pressure calculation formula
When settlement occurs at the measuring point under the time i and the water pressure of the measuring point is measured to be Pi, the water pressure is measured
The layer of soil layer is totally settled
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the chassis, the supporting legs with place a three firm in connection, can provide an absolute horizontally base for the storage water tank, guarantee storage water tank surface of water level in the experiment, rock the error that produces in the reduction experiment, guaranteed experimental data's accuracy.
2. The water storage tank body is firm and transparent, the internal condition of the water storage tank can be visually observed in the experiment loading process, the water surface of the water storage tank can be timely found and corrected when the water surface of the water storage tank inclines, and the large error generated in the process of subsequent calculation settlement is effectively prevented.
3. Scalable hose, hydraulic pressure sensor and settlement plate constitute the water pressure test assembly, and it is thin and scalable hose pipe diameter is less to subside the plate thickness, has effectively weakened crowded soil effect to the influence of experimental data, and the hydraulic pressure sensor precision is high, can detect out more accurate numerical value, guarantees the precision of experiment, and the settlement plate area is great simultaneously, can be better subside along with subsiding of place soil layer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first preferred embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of measurement under the first preferred embodiment;
in the figure, 1, a base; 11. a chassis; 12. supporting legs; 2. a water storage tank; 21. a water inlet; 22. a water outlet; 23. a top cover; 3. a water pressure detection assembly; 31. a flexible hose; 32. a water pressure sensor; 33. a settlement plate; 4. a placing table; 5. a leveling device; 51. a universal level gauge.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings
First preferred embodiment:
the utility model provides a geotechnical experiment soil body layering settlement measuring device, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including being used for keeping the horizontal base 1 of device and placing the platform 4, base 1 is including locating supporting legs 12 of placing the platform 4 bottom and locating the chassis 11 of supporting legs 12 bottom, provides stable support for the device.
As shown in fig. 1, the device further comprises a level device 5 mounted on the platform of the placing table 4, wherein the level device 5 comprises a universal level meter 51 used for checking whether the water storage tank 2 is kept horizontal in the experiment process, and if the water surface of the water storage tank 2 is inclined in the experiment, the position of the supporting leg is adjusted in time to keep the water surface horizontal.
As shown in figure 1, a water storage tank 2 is placed on a base 1, a water inlet 21 is formed in the upper portion of the water storage tank 2, a plurality of water outlets 22 are formed in the bottom of the water storage tank 2, and water in the water storage tank 2 is pre-filled to a set water level through a water faucet nearby before an experiment is started.
The bottom of the water storage tank 2 is also provided with a water pressure detection component 3, the water pressure detection component 3 comprises a telescopic hose 31, a settlement plate 33 and a water pressure sensor 32, and the upper end of the telescopic hose 31 is hermetically connected with a water outlet 22 of the water storage tank through threads, so that the conditions of water leakage and the like can not occur in the experimental process. The water pressure sensor 32 is installed inside the lower end of the flexible hose 31 for measuring the water pressure at the bottom of the flexible hose 31. The settling plate 33 is positioned below the water pressure sensor 32; and the flexible hose 31 and the settling plate 33 are connected to form a sealing structure.
As shown in fig. 1, water in the water storage tank 2 enters the flexible tube 31 through the water outlet 22 to reach the bottom of the flexible tube 31, so that the water pressure sensor 32 located inside the bottom end of the flexible tube 31 can detect the change of the water pressure as the settling plate 33 settles during the experiment.
The water pressure sensor 32 buried in the junction of different soil layers in the experiment measures the change of water pressure at different positions, and then the settlement value can be obtained through the conversion conveniently according to the difference of the water pressure values before and after the settlement of the soil layers.
Second preferred embodiment:
a soil body layered settlement measurement method for a geotechnical experiment comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation phase
S1.1, determining the particle size and the water content of soil and sand through a geotechnical experiment, and preliminarily predicting the layered settlement range of a soil body;
s1.2, selecting a water pressure sensor with a proper measuring range, fixing the water pressure sensor at the central position of the settling plate, and connecting the settling plate with the telescopic hose to form a sealing structure.
S1.3, pouring water to a preset water level through a water inlet of a water storage tank;
s2, adjusting stage
S2.1, horizontally placing a settlement plate at the corresponding soil layer partition to be detected when filling soil in a layered manner;
s2.2, continuously covering and filling the soil to a preset height, and compacting to a required compactness;
s2.3, connecting an experimental instrument, and adjusting parameters of the experimental instrument;
experimental stage S3
In the S3.1 experiment, a reference measuring point is placed at the bottom of the water storage tank and used as a reference. The measurement point was placed at the sedimentation measurement point. The initial height difference between the measuring point and the bottom of the water tank is h1At the time, the water pressure at the measuring point is P1The water pressure of the reference point at the bottom of the water tank is P and is obtained according to a water pressure calculation formula
When settlement occurs at the measuring point under the time i and the water pressure of the measuring point is measured to be Pi, the water pressure is measured
The layer of soil layer is totally settled
S4 end stage
And S4.1, processing the data after the experiment is finished.
The data measured by the conventional measurement method and the measurement method are shown in table 1:
table 1: traditional measuring method and layered settlement comparison table for measuring in patent
According to the settlement value data in the table 1, the influence of the layered settlement value of the soil layer under the vertical cyclic loading working condition of the indoor model test by the measuring method is larger, and the method can realize higher measuring precision by depending on the high-precision water pressure sensor 32, so that the settlement value with higher precision is obtained; the measuring method has the advantages that the measuring range is large when the measuring method is used for measuring, and the settlement measuring range is large; the settlement plate is convenient to embed, and the influence generated by extruding the soil layer is small.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but only protected by the patent laws within the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a geotechnical test soil body layering settlement measuring device which characterized in that: the water pressure detection device comprises a base (1), a water storage tank (2), a placing table (4) and a horizontal device (5) arranged at the upper part of the placing table (4), wherein a water pressure detection assembly (3) is further arranged at the lower part of the placing table (4); the water pressure detection assembly (3) comprises a settlement plate (33), a plurality of telescopic hoses (31) and a water pressure sensor (32), and the water pressure sensor (32) is respectively arranged inside the bottom ends of the telescopic hoses (31) and at the bottom of the water storage tank (2); the settling plate (33) is positioned below the water pressure sensor (32).
2. The soil body layered settlement measuring device for the geotechnical test according to claim 1, wherein: the settling plate (33) is connected with the water pressure sensor (32) in a welding mode, and the settling plate (33) and the lower end of the telescopic hose (31) are welded to form a sealing structure.
3. The geotechnical test pressurization device according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal device (5) comprises a universal level (51) positioned in the middle of the front end of the placing table (4).
4. The geotechnical test pressurization device according to claim 1, wherein: the base (1) comprises supporting legs (12) and a chassis (11), the lower ends of the supporting legs (12) are connected with the chassis (11) in a welded mode, the upper ends of the supporting legs (12) are connected with a placing table (13) in a welded mode, the supporting legs (12) are arranged along the outer ring of the placing table (13) in a multiple mode, and the supporting legs (1) are used for the storage water tank (2) to be placed.
5. The soil body layered settlement measuring device for the geotechnical test according to claim 1, wherein: the placing table (4) is a circumferential limiting structure with the middle part recessed downwards.
6. The soil body layered settlement measuring device for the geotechnical test according to claim 1, wherein: the water storage tank (2) is located on the upper portion of the placing table (4), a water inlet (21) is formed in the top plate of the water storage tank (2), and a plurality of water outlets (22) connected with the water pressure detection assembly (3) are formed in the bottom plate of the water storage tank.
7. The soil body layered settlement measuring device for the geotechnical test according to claim 6, wherein: the water inlet (21) is provided with a top cover (23) on the upper part, and the top cover (23) is connected with the water storage tank (2) through threads.
8. The soil body layered settlement measuring device for the geotechnical test according to claim 1, wherein: the settling plate (33) is a square thin sheet.
9. A soil body layered settlement measuring method for a geotechnical test is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1 preparation phase
S1.1, determining the particle size and the water content of soil and sand through a geotechnical experiment, and preliminarily predicting the layered settlement range of a soil body;
s1.2, selecting a water pressure sensor with a proper measuring range, fixing the water pressure sensor at the central position of a settlement plate, and connecting the settlement plate with a telescopic hose to form a sealing structure;
s1.3, pouring water to a preset water level through a water inlet of a water storage tank;
s2 adjusting stage
S2.1, horizontally placing a settlement plate at the corresponding soil layer partition to be detected when filling soil in a layered manner;
s2.2, continuously covering and filling the soil to a preset height, and compacting to a required compactness;
s2.3, connecting an experimental instrument, and adjusting parameters of the experimental instrument;
s3 measuring stage
In the S3.1 experiment, a reference measuring point is placed at the bottom of the water storage tank and used as a reference. The measurement point was placed at the sedimentation measurement point. The initial height difference between the measuring point and the bottom of the water tank is h1At the time, the water pressure at the measuring point is P1The water pressure of the reference point at the bottom of the water tank is P and is obtained according to a water pressure calculation formula
When settlement occurs at the measuring point under the time i and the water pressure of the measuring point is measured to be Pi, the water pressure is measured
The layer of soil layer is totally settled
And S3.2, recording the measurement data by a data acquisition instrument.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100041996A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-23 | 박종진 | Apparatus and method for measuring ground settlement of whole section |
| CN102102358A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-06-22 | 东南大学 | Method for measuring deep sedimentation deformation of foundation by using wireless conduction water pressure meter |
| CN203905068U (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-10-29 | 宿铁军 | Pile foundation settlement detection ruler |
| CN106323233A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-01-11 | 广东舍卫工程技术咨询有限公司 | Settlement cup monitoring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN108731635A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-02 | 浙江省水利水电勘测设计院 | A kind of dam profundal zone large deformation settlement observer and method |
| CN211401165U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-09-01 | 广西三同工程勘察检测有限公司 | Engineering detects with subsiding detection device |
| CN213238877U (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-05-18 | 海南三润勘测设计有限公司 | Building settlement measuring device |
-
2021
- 2021-08-29 CN CN202111000449.4A patent/CN113945193A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100041996A (en) * | 2008-10-15 | 2010-04-23 | 박종진 | Apparatus and method for measuring ground settlement of whole section |
| CN102102358A (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-06-22 | 东南大学 | Method for measuring deep sedimentation deformation of foundation by using wireless conduction water pressure meter |
| CN203905068U (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-10-29 | 宿铁军 | Pile foundation settlement detection ruler |
| CN106323233A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-01-11 | 广东舍卫工程技术咨询有限公司 | Settlement cup monitoring system and measuring method thereof |
| CN108731635A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-11-02 | 浙江省水利水电勘测设计院 | A kind of dam profundal zone large deformation settlement observer and method |
| CN211401165U (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-09-01 | 广西三同工程勘察检测有限公司 | Engineering detects with subsiding detection device |
| CN213238877U (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-05-18 | 海南三润勘测设计有限公司 | Building settlement measuring device |
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