CN113945110A - Natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower water distribution non-uniform arrangement optimization method - Google Patents

Natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower water distribution non-uniform arrangement optimization method Download PDF

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CN113945110A
CN113945110A CN202111389627.7A CN202111389627A CN113945110A CN 113945110 A CN113945110 A CN 113945110A CN 202111389627 A CN202111389627 A CN 202111389627A CN 113945110 A CN113945110 A CN 113945110A
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water distribution
cooling tower
area
water
filler
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冯海波
王科峰
张荣林
孔振华
袁汉川
张松奇
郭海俊
周生东
袁志先
季薇
吴俊杰
谭茹
刘军
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Guoneng Longyuan Lantian Energy Saving Technology Co ltd Shanghai Branch
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Guoneng Longyuan Lantian Energy Saving Technology Co ltd Shanghai Branch
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/06Spray nozzles or spray pipes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a non-uniform distribution optimization method for water distribution of a natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: acquiring air temperature difference delta T, enthalpy difference delta h and moisture content difference delta x at corresponding positions above and below a filler in a cooling tower; step two: obtaining the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity W ═ 1+ | delta T (1+ | delta h) (1+ | delta x) of air at each position in a water spraying area right above the filler along the tower diameter direction in the cooling tower according to the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x; step three: dividing a water spraying area right above the filler in the cooling tower into n water distribution areas according to W, wherein n is more than 1; step four: the water spraying density of each water distribution area is adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the nozzle opening of the nozzle, and the mass flow of water passing through the unit water spraying area in unit time of the water spraying density is adjusted. And uneven water distribution is adopted, the heat dissipation potential of each water distribution area is fully utilized, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is improved.

Description

Natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower water distribution non-uniform arrangement optimization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cooling towers, in particular to a non-uniform water distribution optimization method for a natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower.
Background
The common cooling tower as a cold source device can not meet the requirement of circulating water cooling of a large nuclear power station, so that the ultra-large cooling tower is produced at the same time. The filler area accounts for 60-70% of the total heat dissipation capacity of the cooling tower, and the quality of water distribution in the spraying area directly influences the heat and mass transfer of two-phase flow in the filler area, so that the water distribution form of the cooling tower is reasonably optimized, and the cooling tower has important significance for improving the cooling performance of the cooling tower. In the prior art, the cooling tower adopts a strategy of uniformly distributing water, which results in low cooling efficiency of the cooling tower.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a non-uniform distribution optimization method for water distribution of a natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower, and aims to improve the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower water distribution non-uniform arrangement optimization method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: acquiring air temperature difference delta T, enthalpy difference delta h and moisture content difference delta x at corresponding positions above and below a filler in a cooling tower;
step two: obtaining the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity W (1+ | delta T |) (1+ | delta h |) (1+ | delta x |) of air at each position in a water spraying area right above the filler along the tower diameter direction in the cooling tower according to the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x;
step three: dividing a water spraying area right above the filler in the cooling tower into n water distribution areas according to the W, wherein n is more than 1;
step four: and adjusting the water spraying density of each water distribution area by adjusting the diameter of a nozzle opening of the nozzle, wherein the water spraying density is the mass flow of water passing through the unit water spraying area in unit time.
Preferably, in the third step, n is 2, and the water spraying area is divided into an inner water distribution area and an outer water distribution area;
the inner water distribution area is arranged close to the center of the water spraying area, and the outer water distribution area is arranged close to the tower wall of the cooling tower.
Preferably, the water spraying density of the inner water distribution area is q1The water spraying density of the external water distribution area is q2And q is1<q2
Preferably, in the third step, dividing the water spraying area right above the filler in the cooling tower into n water distribution areas according to the W includes:
the air in the water spraying area absorbs heat and moisture
Figure BDA0003368291840000021
The area of (a) is an internal water distribution area, and the air in the water spraying area absorbs heat and moisture
Figure BDA0003368291840000022
The area of the water distribution area is divided into an external water distribution area;
wherein, WmaxThe maximum value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of air along the radial direction of the cooling tower, WminThe minimum value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of the air along the radial direction of the cooling tower.
Preferably, the projection area of the inner water distribution area on the filler is less than 3000m2When the filler is filled, the projection of the inner water distribution area on the filler is square; the projection area of the inner water distribution area on the filler is more than 3000m2When the filler is used, the projection of the inner water distribution area on the filler is circular.
Preferably, the diameter of the nozzle opening of the corresponding nozzle above the inner water distribution area is as follows:
D1=Wmin/Wavr*Davr
wherein WavrThe average value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacities of the air along the radial direction of the cooling tower, DavrDenotes the diameter of the nozzle opening at the time of uniform water distribution, and DavrComprises the following steps: 32mm, 34mm or 36 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the nozzle opening of the corresponding nozzle above the outer water distribution zone is as follows:
DII=Wmax/Wavr*Davr
preferably, the nozzle is a XPH type nozzle, a TP-II type nozzle or a reflection type III nozzle.
Preferably, the distance between the corresponding nozzles above the inner water distribution area is 1.2m, 1.3m or 1.4m, and the distance between the corresponding nozzles above the inner water distribution area is 0.9m, 1.0m or 1.1 m.
Preferably, 0.75 q.ltoreq.q1Q is not more than q and 1.05q not more than q2Less than or equal to 1.2q, wherein q represents the water spraying density when water is uniformly distributed, and q is 5.04m3/(m2·h)、5.4m3/(m2H) or 5.76m3/(m2·h)。
(III) advantageous effects
According to the invention, the air heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity above the filler is calculated by using the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x on two sides of the filler, then the water spraying area is divided into a plurality of water distribution areas according to the air heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity, then the water spraying density is determined for each water distribution area, and uneven water distribution is adopted, so that the heat dissipation potential of each water distribution area is fully utilized, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for optimizing non-uniform distribution of water distribution in a natural draft counter-flow wet cooling tower according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a temperature difference distribution between both sides of the packing according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a differential moisture profile across the filler of the present invention;
figure 4 is a graph of enthalpy difference distribution across the packing of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of air along the tower diameter direction of a cooling tower in the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention provides a non-uniform distribution optimization method for water distribution of a natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and acquiring the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x at corresponding positions above and below the filler in the cooling tower. Specifically. The air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x at the corresponding positions above the filler and below the filler can be calculated according to a three-dimensional thermodynamic numerical model of the natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower, wherein the distribution of the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x at the corresponding positions above the filler and below the filler along the diameter direction of the cooling tower is shown in the figure.
Step two: and obtaining the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity W (1+ | delta T |) (1+ | delta h |) (1+ | delta x |) of the air at each position in the water spraying area right above the filler along the tower diameter direction in the cooling tower according to the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x. The calculated air heat absorption and moisture absorption energy W has a non-linear increasing rule from inside to outside along the radial direction of the cooling tower.
Step three: dividing a water spraying area right above the filler in the cooling tower into n water distribution areas according to W, wherein n is more than 1.
Step four: the water spraying density of each water distribution area is adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the nozzle opening of the nozzle, and the mass flow of water passing through the unit water spraying area in unit time of the water spraying density is adjusted. Wherein, the water spraying density of each water distribution area is different, and the water spraying density is increased from inside to outside along the radial direction of the cooling tower.
According to the invention, the air heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity above the filler is calculated by using the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x on two sides of the filler, then the water spraying area is divided into a plurality of water distribution areas according to the air heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity, then the water spraying density is determined for each water distribution area, uneven water distribution is adopted, the heat dissipation potential of each water distribution area is fully utilized, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower is fully developed.
Furthermore, in the third step, n is 2, and the water spraying area is divided into an inner water distribution area and an outer water distribution area. The inner water distribution area is arranged close to the center of the water spraying area, and the outer water distribution area is arranged close to the tower wall of the cooling tower. And the water spraying density of the inner water distribution area is q1The water spraying density of the external water distribution area is q2And q is1<q2. According to the rule that the calculated air heat absorption and moisture absorption energy W has nonlinear increase from inside to outside along the radial direction of the cooling tower, the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of the filler region corresponding to the inner water distribution region is fully utilized, the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of the filler region corresponding to the outer water distribution region is not fully utilized, and the large heat exchange potential can be utilized, so that a non-uniform water distribution strategy is adopted, and the water spraying density of the inner water distribution region is q1The water spraying density of the water distribution area is less than q2Therefore, the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of the whole filler can be greatly improved, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling tower can be improved. Preferably, 0.75 q.ltoreq.q1Q is not more than q and 1.05q not more than q2Less than or equal to 1.2q, wherein q represents the water spraying density when water is uniformly distributed, and q is 5.04m3/(m2·h)、5.4m3/(m2H) or 5.76m3/(m2·h)。
Furthermore, in the third step, dividing the water spraying area right above the filler in the cooling tower into n water distribution areas according to W specifically includes: the heat and moisture absorption capacity of the air in the water spraying area
Figure BDA0003368291840000051
The area of the water-spraying area is an inner water distribution area which absorbs heat and moisture of air in the water-spraying area
Figure BDA0003368291840000052
Zone (D) ofThe domain is divided into an outer water distribution area. Wherein, WmaxThe maximum value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of air along the radial direction of the cooling tower, WminThe minimum value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of the air along the radial direction of the cooling tower. The water spraying area is divided into an inner water distribution area and an outer water distribution area by utilizing the air heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity W, and the air in the inner water distribution area absorbs heat and moisture
Figure BDA0003368291840000053
Air heat and moisture absorption capacity in external water distribution area
Figure BDA0003368291840000054
Thus, the heat dissipation efficiency of the filler can be greatly improved. CFD software is used for simulating the peripheral and internal flow fields of the counter-flow wet natural ventilation cooling tower, a reliable three-dimensional mathematical model is established, and the air absorbs heat and moisture
Figure BDA0003368291840000061
Is divided into an inner water distribution area,
Figure BDA0003368291840000062
when the area is divided into the external water distribution area, the difference of the water spraying density of the internal area and the external area is found to be about 30 percent through the research of a three-dimensional mathematical model of the counter-current wet natural ventilation cooling tower, and the water temperature of the water discharged from the tower is reduced by 0.7 to 0.8 ℃ compared with that of the water distributed uniformly.
In a preferred embodiment, the projected area of the inner water distribution zone on the packing is less than 3000m2When the filler is filled, the projection of the inner water distribution area on the filler is square; the projection area of the inner water distribution area on the filler is more than 3000m2When the filler is used, the projection of the inner water distribution area on the filler is circular.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the nozzle opening of the corresponding nozzle above the inner water distribution zone is: d1=Wmin/Wavr*Davr. Wherein WavrAs shown in FIG. 5, if the radius of the cooling tower is R, W is a non-linear increasing law of the average value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of the air along the radial direction of the cooling tower due to W along the radial direction of the cooling toweravrCan be understood as W about a horizontal axisThe quotient of the cross-sectional areas S and R, i.e. Wavr=S/R,DavrDenotes the diameter of the nozzle opening at the time of uniform water distribution, and DavrComprises the following steps: 32mm, 34mm or 36 mm.
The diameter of the nozzle opening of the corresponding nozzle above the outer water distribution area is as follows: dII=Wmax/Wavr*Davr. The nozzle is an XPH type nozzle, a TP-II type nozzle or a reflection III type nozzle.
And finally, the distance between the corresponding nozzles above the inner water distribution area is 1.2m, 1.3m or 1.4m, and the distance between the corresponding nozzles above the inner water distribution area is 0.9m, 1.0m or 1.1 m.
It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical lines and features of the present invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. It is intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims be embraced therein.

Claims (10)

1. The method for optimizing the nonuniform distribution of water distribution of the natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: acquiring air temperature difference delta T, enthalpy difference delta h and moisture content difference delta x of corresponding positions above and below a filler in a cooling tower;
step two: obtaining the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity W (1+ | delta T |) (1+ | delta h |) (1+ | delta x |) of air at each position in a water spraying area right above the filler along the tower diameter direction in the cooling tower according to the air temperature difference delta T, the enthalpy difference delta h and the moisture content difference delta x;
step three: dividing a water spraying area right above the filler in the cooling tower into n water distribution areas according to the W, wherein n is more than 1;
step four: and adjusting the water spraying density of each water distribution area by adjusting the diameter of a nozzle opening of the nozzle, wherein the water spraying density is the mass flow of water passing through a unit water spraying area in unit time.
2. The natural draft counter current wet cooling tower water distribution nonuniform arrangement optimization method of claim 1, wherein in the third step, n is 2, the water spraying area is divided into an inner water distribution area and an outer water distribution area;
the inner water distribution area is arranged close to the center of the water spraying area, and the outer water distribution area is arranged close to the tower wall of the cooling tower.
3. The natural draft counter-flow wet cooling tower water distribution non-uniform arrangement optimization method of claim 2, wherein the water spraying density of the inner water distribution area is q1The water spraying density of the external water distribution area is q2And q is1<q2
4. The method for optimizing the nonuniform arrangement of water distribution in the natural draft counter-flow wet cooling tower according to claim 3, wherein in the third step, the step of dividing the water spray area right above the filler in the cooling tower into n water distribution areas according to the W is specifically as follows:
the air in the water spraying area absorbs heat and moisture
Figure FDA0003368291830000011
The area of (a) is an internal water distribution area, and the air in the water spraying area absorbs heat and moisture
Figure FDA0003368291830000012
The area of the water distribution area is divided into an external water distribution area;
wherein, WmaxThe maximum value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of air along the radial direction of the cooling tower, WminThe minimum value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacity of the air along the radial direction of the cooling tower.
5. The method for optimizing water distribution non-uniform arrangement of the natural draft counter flow wet cooling tower of claim 4, wherein the projected area of the inner water distribution area on the packing is less than 3000m2While the inner water distribution area is put on the fillerThe shadow is a square; the projection area of the inner water distribution area on the filler is more than 3000m2When the filler is used, the projection of the inner water distribution area on the filler is circular.
6. The natural draft counter flow wet cooling tower water distribution non-uniform arrangement optimization method of claim 4, wherein the diameter of the nozzle opening of the corresponding nozzle above the inner water distribution area is as follows: d1=Wmin/Wavr*Davr
Wherein, WavrThe average value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacities of the air along the radial direction of the cooling tower, DavrDenotes the nozzle opening diameter of the nozzle for uniform distribution of water, and DavrComprises the following steps: 32mm, 34mm or 36 mm.
7. The natural draft counter flow wet cooling tower water distribution non-uniform arrangement optimization method of claim 4, wherein the diameter of the nozzle opening of the corresponding nozzle above the outer water distribution area is as follows: dII=Wmax/Wavr*Davr
Wherein, WavrThe average value of the heat absorption and moisture absorption capacities of the air along the radial direction of the cooling tower, DavrDenotes the nozzle opening diameter of the nozzle for uniform distribution of water, and DavrComprises the following steps: 32mm, 34mm or 36 mm.
8. The method for optimizing water distribution non-uniform arrangement of the natural draft counter flow wet cooling tower according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the nozzles are XPH type nozzles, TP-II type nozzles or reflection III type nozzles.
9. The method for optimizing the water distribution non-uniform arrangement of the natural draft counter flow wet cooling tower according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the distance between the corresponding nozzles above the inner water distribution area is 1.2m, 1.3m or 1.4m, and the distance between the corresponding nozzles above the outer water distribution area is 0.9m, 1.0m or 1.1 m.
10. As claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7The non-uniform distribution optimization method for water distribution of the natural ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower is characterized in that q is more than or equal to 0.75q1Q is not more than q and 1.05q not more than q2Less than or equal to 1.2q, wherein q represents the water spraying density when water is uniformly distributed, and q is 5.04m3/(m2·h)、5.4m3/(m2H) or 5.76m3/(m2·h)。
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CN203687747U (en) * 2014-01-28 2014-07-02 北京义通美达节能环保科技有限公司 Water distribution system for cooling tower
CN105466273A (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-04-06 安徽泰达尔能源科技有限公司 Less-packing arrangement structure and method for natural-ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower
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CN105466273A (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-04-06 安徽泰达尔能源科技有限公司 Less-packing arrangement structure and method for natural-ventilation counter-flow wet cooling tower
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