CN113941106A - Battery pack fire extinguishing system - Google Patents
Battery pack fire extinguishing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113941106A CN113941106A CN202010688175.1A CN202010688175A CN113941106A CN 113941106 A CN113941106 A CN 113941106A CN 202010688175 A CN202010688175 A CN 202010688175A CN 113941106 A CN113941106 A CN 113941106A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery pack
- fire extinguishing
- valve
- balance valve
- pressure
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000952 Be alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 IG541 Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
- A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a battery pack fire suppression system, including fire extinguishing agent storage device, injection main line and pressure balance valve. The fire extinguishing agent storage device is used for storing a fire extinguishing agent. The main spraying pipeline is used for introducing the fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack. And two ends of the pressure balance valve are respectively connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the main spraying pipeline. When the pressure in the main injection line decreases to trigger the pressure balancing valve, the pressure balancing valve opens. The fire extinguishing agent storage device is communicated with the main spraying pipeline, so that the battery pack can be quickly extinguished, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack fire extinguishing system.
Background
With the development of science and technology, new energy electric vehicles have become an important development direction. In order to improve the cruising ability of the lithium ion battery and reduce the volume of the lithium ion battery, the energy density of the lithium ion battery is continuously improved. The thermal runaway risk and the damage degree of the lithium ion battery are increased more and more while the endurance mileage is improved. Therefore, the safety problem of lithium ion batteries has been an important issue of concern.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a fire extinguishing system for a battery pack, which addresses the safety problem of lithium ion batteries.
A battery pack fire suppression system for extinguishing a fire in a battery pack, comprising:
fire extinguishing agent storage device for storing fire extinguishing agent:
the main spraying pipeline is used for introducing the fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack; and
and two ends of the pressure balance valve are respectively connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the injection main pipeline, when the pressure in the injection main pipeline is reduced to trigger the pressure balance valve, the pressure balance valve is opened, and the fire extinguishing agent storage device is communicated with the injection main pipeline.
In one embodiment, the battery comprises a plurality of battery modules, and the battery pack fire extinguishing system is characterized in that the battery pack fire extinguishing system comprises a plurality of spraying branch pipes which are arranged at intervals in the spraying main pipeline and communicated with the spraying main pipeline, and at least one spraying branch pipe is correspondingly arranged in each battery module in the battery pack.
In one embodiment, the battery pack comprises a housing, the plurality of battery modules are arranged in the housing, and the housing is provided with a battery pack air release valve.
In one embodiment, further comprising:
a thermal runaway detector disposed within the housing; and
and the fire extinguishing system controller is connected with the thermal runaway detector and the pressure balance valve and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pressure balance valve according to a signal sent by the thermal runaway detector.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises a plurality of heat-sensitive plugs, and one heat-sensitive plug is arranged at each injection port of the injection branch pipes.
In one embodiment, the battery module is provided with a mounting hole to which the thermo-plug is mounted.
In one embodiment, the pressure balancing valve comprises:
the balance valve comprises a balance valve shell, a balance valve body and a balance valve body, wherein the balance valve shell surrounds to form an accommodating cavity, the balance valve shell is provided with a balance valve inlet end and a balance valve outlet end, and the balance valve inlet end and the balance valve outlet end are communicated with the accommodating cavity;
the balance piston is arranged in the accommodating cavity, when the balance piston is located at a first position, the inlet end of the balance valve and the outlet end of the balance valve are closed, when the pressure at the inlet end of the balance valve is higher than that at the outlet end of the balance valve, the balance piston moves to a second position from the first position, and the inlet end of the balance valve is communicated with the outlet end of the balance valve.
In one embodiment, further comprising:
the two ends of the communicating pipe are respectively connected with the output port of the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the pressure balance valve;
a first sealing valve provided in the communication pipe;
and the first inflating core is arranged on the communicating pipe and is positioned between the output port of the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the first sealing valve.
In one embodiment, the sealing device further comprises a pressure sensor disposed in the communication pipe and located between the first inflatable core and the first sealing valve.
In one embodiment, the injection system further comprises an overpressure release valve arranged on the injection main pipeline.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises a hose, two ends of the hose are respectively connected with the pressure balance valve and the main injection pipeline, and a second sealing valve and a second inflation core are arranged at the connecting end of the main injection pipeline and the hose.
The battery pack fire extinguishing system that this application embodiment provided, including fire extinguishing agent storage device, injection main line and pressure balance valve. The fire extinguishing agent storage device is used for storing a fire extinguishing agent. The main spraying pipeline is used for introducing the fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack. And two ends of the pressure balance valve are respectively connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the main spraying pipeline. When the pressure in the main injection line decreases to trigger the pressure balancing valve, the pressure balancing valve opens. The fire extinguishing agent storage device is communicated with the main spraying pipeline, so that the battery pack can be quickly extinguished, and the safety performance of the battery pack is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a battery pack fire suppression system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure balanced valve provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a thermal plug provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
the battery pack fire extinguishing system 10, the injection main pipeline 100, the pressure balance valve 110, the balance valve housing 112, the balance valve inlet end 114, the balance valve outlet end 116, the balance piston 118, the overpressure relief valve 120, the hose 130, the battery pack 200, the housing 210, the battery module 220, the mounting hole 222, the battery pack relief valve 230, the thermal runaway detector 240, the injection branch pipe 140, the thermal plug 150, the plug body 152, the step structure 154, the communication pipe 300, the first sealing valve 310, the pressure sensor 320, the first gas filling core 330, the second sealing valve 340, the second gas filling core 350, the first gas tight joint 360, the second gas tight joint 370, the fire extinguishing system controller 400 and the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a battery pack fire suppression system 10. The battery pack fire suppression system 10 includes a fire suppressant storage device 500, a main spray line 100, and a pressure equalization valve 110. The fire extinguishing agent storage device is used for storing a fire extinguishing agent. The main spray pipe 100 is used to pass the fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack 200. Both ends of the pressure balance valve 110 are connected to the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 and the injection main line 100, respectively. When the pressure in the main injection line 100 decreases to trigger the pressure balancing valve 110, the pressure balancing valve 110 opens. The fire extinguishing agent storage means 500 communicates with the main injection line 100.
The fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 may be used to pre-store a fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent may be in a gaseous or liquid state. The fire extinguishing agent may be carbon dioxide, heptafluoropropane, IG541, aerosol, water-based fire extinguishing agent, hydrogel, perfluorohexanone, or the like. The fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 may be a pressure vessel capable of carrying a certain pressure. The fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 may have a spherical tank structure or a cubic structure. The material of the main injection pipeline 100 may be alloy, polyester, ceramic, or the like. The diameter of the jet main pipe 100 can be set according to the needs and is not limited here. The jet main line 100 may be inserted into the battery pack 200. When thermal runaway of the battery cells in the battery pack 200 occurs, the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 may spray the fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack 200 through the main spray pipe 100. The pressure equalization valve 110 may have an equalization valve inlet port 114 and an equalization valve outlet port 116. The balancing valve inlet end 114 may communicate with the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500, and the balancing valve outlet end 116 may communicate with the spray main line 100.
After the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 is filled with a fire extinguishing agent and an inert gas is pre-stored in the main injection pipeline 100, the pressure balance valve 110 may reach an equilibrium state. In the equilibrium state, the pressure balancing valve 110 may block the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 and the spray main line 100. At this time, the pressure of the gas in the injection main line 100 may be equal to the gas pressure of the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500. When the pressure of the gas in the main injection line 100 becomes small, the equilibrium state of the pressure equalization valve 110 is broken. The fire extinguishing agent gas or liquid in the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 pushes the internal structure of the pressure equalizing valve 110, so that the pressure equalizing valve 110 is opened. The fire suppressant may enter the main spray line 100 through the pressure equalization valve 110.
It is understood that when the thermal runaway of the battery cells in the battery pack 200 occurs, the temperature in the battery pack 200 increases. The variation of pressure in the main injection line 100 can be controlled by measuring the variation of temperature, for example when the main injection line 100 is put in communication with the atmosphere to release the inert gas stored inside. Further, a heat-sensitive material may be disposed at an outlet of the main spray pipe 100 opposite to the battery pack 200. When the temperature in the battery pack 200 increases, the form of the heat sensitive material may change. For example, the heat sensitive material may change from a solid state to a gas state or a liquid state to reduce volume. At this time, the main injection pipeline 100 may communicate with the outside through the outlet, so as to reduce the pressure of the main injection pipeline 100.
In one embodiment, the pressure in the interior of the fire suppressant storage device 500 may be increased to open the pressure equalization valve 110. In one embodiment, a temperature sensor may be disposed in the battery pack 200. When the temperature sensor senses the temperature rise, the pressure of the chamber of the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 may be increased by controlling the space of the chamber of the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 for storing the fire extinguishing agent to be decreased. Or gas is input into the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 to increase the cavity pressure of the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500, so as to achieve the purpose of opening the pressure balance valve 110.
The battery pack fire suppression system 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a fire suppressant storage device 500, a main spray line 100, and a pressure equalization valve 110. The main injection line 100 is used for passing the battery pack 200. Both ends of the pressure balance valve 110 are connected to the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 and the injection main line 100, respectively. When the pressure in the main injection line 100 decreases to trigger the pressure balancing valve 110, the pressure balancing valve 110 opens. The fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 is communicated with the main spray pipe 100, so that the fire of the battery pack 200 can be rapidly extinguished, and the safety performance of the battery pack 200 is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the pressure balancing valve 110 includes a balancing valve housing 112 and a balancing piston 118. The balancing valve housing 112 encloses a receiving chamber. The balancing valve housing 112 is provided with a balancing valve inlet port 114 and a balancing valve outlet port 116. The equalization valve inlet port 114 and the equalization valve outlet port 116 communicate with the receiving chamber. The balance piston 118 is disposed in the receiving cavity, and when the balance piston 118 is in the first position, the balance valve inlet port 114 and the balance valve outlet port 116 are closed. When the pressure at the equalization valve inlet port 114 is greater than the pressure at the equalization valve outlet port 116, the equalization piston 118 moves from the first position to a second position, and the equalization valve inlet port 114 and the equalization valve outlet port 116 communicate.
The balanced valve housing 112 may be of a cubic configuration. The top end of the balancing valve housing 112 may be provided with a balancing valve inlet port 114. A balancing valve outlet port 116 may be provided in the middle of the side wall of the balancing valve housing 112. The equalization valve inlet port 114 may be adapted to communicate with the fire suppressant storage device 500. The balancing valve outlet port 116 may be in communication with the main injection line 100. The balance valve housing 112 may also be internally provided with the balance piston 118. The balance piston 118 may slide freely between the top and bottom of the balance valve housing 112.
The balance piston 118 may divide the receiving cavity formed by the balance valve housing 112 into a first interior cavity and a second interior cavity. The first lumen may be connected to the equalization valve inlet port 114. The second lumen may be connected to the equalization valve outlet port 116. When the pressure in the second chamber is reduced due to the reduction of the pressure in the main injection line 100, the pressure in the second chamber becomes lower with respect to the pressure in the first chamber. Under the pressure differential between the first and second lumens, the balance piston 118 will move from the first position toward the second lumen. Such that the volume of the second lumen gradually decreases. After the balance piston 118 reaches the second position beyond the balance valve outlet port 116, the balance valve outlet port 116 communicates with the balance valve inlet port 114 through the first interior cavity. The fire suppressant enters the main spray line 100 through the balancing valve inlet port 114, the receiving chamber and the balancing valve outlet port 116.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 includes a plurality of battery modules 220. The battery pack fire suppression system 10 includes a plurality of spray manifolds 140. The plurality of injection branch pipes 140 are arranged at intervals on the main injection pipeline 100. The plurality of injection branch pipes 140 communicate with the injection main line 100. In the battery pack 200, at least one injection branch pipe 140 is correspondingly arranged on each battery module 220.
A plurality of lithium ion battery cells may be disposed in the battery module 220. The injection branch pipe 140 may be integrally formed with the injection main line 100. The main injection pipeline 100 may be provided with a plurality of through holes at intervals. The injection branch pipe 140 may be inserted in the through-hole. It is understood that the distance between the plurality of injection branch pipes 140 may be set according to the arrangement interval of the battery modules 220. Each of the battery modules 220 may correspond to at least one of the injection branch pipes 140. The injection ports of the injection branch pipes 140 may correspond to positions where high-temperature gas is easily released or flames are easily generated after the battery module 220 is out of control.
In one embodiment, the spray ports of the spray branch pipes 140 may have a shower structure so as to increase a spray area to the battery module 220. In one embodiment, the injection branch pipe 140 may penetrate the injection main pipe 100 in a radial direction of the injection main pipe 100. Therefore, both ends of the injection branch pipes 140 respectively protrude from the injection main line 100. Therefore, both ends of the injection branch pipe 140 may correspond to one battery module 220, respectively.
In one embodiment, each of the battery modules 220 may correspond to two of the injection branch pipes 140. That is, when thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery module 220, at least two of the spray branch pipes 140 may spray a fire extinguishing agent to the battery module 220, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes a plurality of heat sensitive plugs 150. One of the thermal plugs 150 is provided for each of the ejection ports of the ejection branch pipes 140. It is understood that the thermal plug 150 may block the ejection ports of the ejection branch pipes 140. The thermal plug 150 may change from a solid state to a liquid state or a gaseous state at a certain temperature. Accordingly, the spray branch pipe 140 may communicate with the inside of the battery pack 200. The inert gas pre-charged in the injection manifold 140 may be released and thus the pressure in the injection manifold 140 may be reduced. At this time, the pressure balance valve 110 is opened. The fire suppressant may pass from the pressure equalization valve 110 and be input to the main injection line 100. Finally, the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed from the spray branch pipes 140 toward the battery modules 220.
In one embodiment, the material of the thermal plug 150 may be made of a metal alloy with a low melting point. In one embodiment, the melting point of the thermal plug 150 may be 60 ℃ to 80 ℃. It is understood that the temperature of the high-temperature gas injected after the thermal runaway of the battery module 220 is also within this range.
In one embodiment, the material of the thermal plug 150 may be an alloy made of bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium, and the like.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the thermal plug 150 includes a plug body 152 and a fusible material (not shown) disposed in the plug body 152. The plug body 152 may be a hollow structure. The hollow structure may be used to fill the fusible material. The end of the plug body 152 may have an annular step structure 154. The annular step structure 154 may serve as a mounting support. The annular step structure 154 may be caught at the injection port of the injection branch pipe 140, for example, when the plug body 152 is inserted into the injection port of the injection branch pipe 140. In one embodiment, the plug body 152 may also be mounted in the battery module 220. The step structure 154 may be snapped to the surface of the battery module 220.
Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes the plurality of battery modules 220. The battery module 220 is provided with mounting holes 222. The ejection ports of the ejection branch pipes 140 may protrude into the mounting hole 222, and the thermo-plug 150 is mounted to the mounting hole 222 and blocks the ejection ports of the ejection branch pipes 140. It is understood that the battery module 220 may be provided with an end cap. When the battery cells disposed in the battery module 220 are thermally runaway, high-temperature gas generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cells is easily ejected toward the end caps. Therefore, the mounting holes 222 may be provided at the end caps of the battery module 220. The thermo-responsive plug 150 may be mounted to an end cap of the battery module 220. It is understood that the shapes of the mounting hole 222 and the thermo-responsive plug 150 may not be limited. The mounting hole 222 and the thermal plug 150 may have a corresponding cubic structure or a corresponding cylindrical structure.
In one embodiment, the injection ports of the injection branch pipes 140 may also be directly inserted into the battery modules 220. Therefore, the thermo-plug 150 also blocks the ejection port of the ejection branch pipe 140 in the battery module 220. Therefore, when the high temperature in the battery module 220 melts the fusible material in the thermo-responsive plug 150, the spray manifold 140 can spray the fire extinguishing agent directly into the battery module 220, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency and fire extinguishing effect.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes a first sealing valve 310 and a communication pipe 300. The first sealing valve 310 may be provided to the communication pipe 300. The first sealing valve 310 may be provided at the position of the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent storing device 500. The first sealing valve 310 may be used to ensure the sealing performance of the fire extinguishing agent storing device 500. After the fire extinguishing agent is filled in the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500, the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 can be sealed by the first sealing valve 310, so that the fire extinguishing agent is prevented from leaking. Further, after the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500, the main injection pipeline 100 and the pressure balancing valve 110 are connected, the first sealing valve 310 may be opened. The fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 is in direct communication with the equalization valve inlet port 114 of the pressure equalization valve 110.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes a first gas core 330. Both ends of the communication pipe 300 may be connected to the output port of the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 and the pressure equalizing valve 110, respectively. The first inflator core 330 is disposed in the installation communication pipe 300. The first inflatable core 330 is located between the output of the fire extinguishing agent storing device 500 and the first sealing valve 310. The communication pipe 300 may be made of metal or polyester material. The communication pipe 300 may communicate the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 with the pressure equalization valve 110. One end of the connection pipe 300 may be connected to an output end of the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500, and the other end may be connected to the balancing valve inlet port 114 of the pressure balancing valve 110.
The first inflator core 330 is disposed in the communication pipe 300. It is understood that the fire suppressant storage device 500 may be evacuated through the first core 330. When the vacuum degree in the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 reaches a certain requirement, the fire extinguishing agent can be filled into the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 through other filling ends or the first inflatable core 330. It will be appreciated that when a greater pressure is imparted to the input port of the first bladder 330, the first bladder 330 opens. When the large pressure applied to the input port of the first core 330 is removed, the first core 330 is closed, so that the state of vacuum in the fire extinguishing agent storage device 500 can be maintained.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes a pressure sensor 320. The pressure sensor 320 is disposed in the communication pipe 300. The pressure sensor 320 is located between the first inflatable core 330 and the first sealing valve 310. The pressure sensor 320 may be used to sense the pressure in the communication pipe 300. When the pressure sensor 320 senses a pressure decrease in the communication pipe 300, it indicates that the fire extinguishing agent storage apparatus 500 leaks. The pressure sensor 320 may send alarms and malfunction signals directly to the vehicle in which the battery pack 200 is installed, alerting the fire suppressant storage device 500 that it needs to be serviced as soon as possible.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes an overpressure relief valve 120. The overpressure relief valve 120 is arranged on the injection main pipeline 100. The overpressure relief valve 120 can be opened when the pressure of the gas in the injection main pipeline 100 reaches a certain range, so as to avoid the burst phenomenon caused by the overlarge pressure in the injection main pipeline 100.
It is understood that after the battery pack fire suppression system 10 is installed, the main injection line 100 may be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen. The pressure of the inert gas and the pressure of the fire extinguishing agent in the communicating pipe 300 may reach an equilibrium state through the pressure balance valve 110. When the fusible material in the glow plug 150 is melted, the inert gas may be injected toward the battery module 220, and may also play a role in reducing the oxygen concentration and blocking combustion.
In one embodiment, the battery pack 200 includes a housing 210. The plurality of battery modules 220 are disposed in the housing 210. The housing 210 is provided with a battery pack release valve 230. The battery pack release valve 230 may open when the pressure inside the battery pack 200 reaches a certain range. Therefore, if the battery module 220 or the single body in the battery module 220 fails, the pressure of the generated high-temperature flue gas reaches a certain degree, and then the high-temperature flue gas can be released to the outside through the battery pack air release valve 230, so as to prevent the battery pack 200 from bursting. Meanwhile, the battery pack release valve 230 can send a signal alarm to the outside.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes a thermal runaway detector 240 and a fire suppression system controller 400. The thermal runaway detector 240 is disposed within the housing 210. The fire suppression system controller 400 is electrically connected to the thermal runaway detector 240 and the pressure equalization valve 110. The fire extinguishing system controller 400 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pressure balance valve 110 according to the signal sent by the thermal runaway detector 240.
The thermal runaway detector 240 may include a variety of sensors. The sensor may be a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a pressure sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a hydrogen sensor, etc. The thermal runaway detector 240 may detect a thermal runaway condition of the battery pack 200. When the thermal runaway detector 240 finds that a thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell in the battery pack 200, a signal may be sent to the fire extinguishing system controller 400. The fire suppression system controller 400 may control the pressure equalization valve 110 to open. It can be understood that when the temperature in the battery pack 200 increases, the fusible material in the thermal plug 150 melts, inert gas enters the battery pack 200, the pressure in the main spray pipe 100 decreases, and the fire extinguishing agent rapidly enters the spray branch pipe 140 through the pressure balance valve 110 and enters the battery, including the purpose of rapid fire extinguishing, thereby improving the fire extinguishing efficiency.
In one embodiment, the fire suppression system controller 400 may also send an alert to the vehicle in which the battery pack 200 is installed.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes a hose 130. Both ends of the hose 130 are connected to the pressure balance valve 110 and the injection main line 100, respectively. The connection end of the main jet line 100 to the hose 130 is provided with a second sealing valve 340 and a second inflatable core 350. Since the hose 130 has good flexibility, it can be flexibly arranged according to the place. When the main injection pipeline 100 is filled with the inert gas, the second sealing valve 340 may be closed to prevent the inert gas from leaking. When the entire battery pack fire suppression system 10 is turned on, the second sealing valve 340 may be opened. The injection main line 100 may be evacuated through the second core 350 so that the injection main line 100 has a vacuum state, and then the inert gas is injected into the injection main line 100. After the injection is completed, the second inflatable core 350 can be closed by itself.
In one embodiment, the battery pack fire suppression system 10 further includes a first hermetic connection 360 and a second hermetic connection 370. The two ends of the hose 130 may be connected to the inlet end 114 of the balancing valve and the input port of the main injection line 100 through the first airtight joint 360 and the second airtight joint 370, respectively.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A battery pack fire suppression system for extinguishing a fire in a battery pack, comprising:
fire extinguishing agent storage device for storing fire extinguishing agent:
the main spraying pipeline is used for introducing the fire extinguishing agent into the battery pack; and
and two ends of the pressure balance valve are respectively connected with the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the injection main pipeline, when the pressure in the injection main pipeline is reduced to trigger the pressure balance valve, the pressure balance valve is opened, and the fire extinguishing agent storage device is communicated with the injection main pipeline.
2. The fire extinguishing system for the battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the battery comprises a plurality of battery modules, the fire extinguishing system for the battery pack comprises a plurality of spraying branch pipes which are arranged at intervals in the spraying main pipeline and communicated with the spraying main pipeline, and at least one spraying branch pipe is arranged in the battery pack corresponding to each battery module.
3. The battery pack fire suppression system of claim 2, wherein the battery pack comprises a housing, the plurality of battery modules being disposed within the housing, the housing being provided with a battery pack relief valve.
4. The battery pack fire suppression system of claim 3, further comprising:
a thermal runaway detector disposed within the housing; and
and the fire extinguishing system controller is connected with the thermal runaway detector and the pressure balance valve and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pressure balance valve according to a signal sent by the thermal runaway detector.
5. The battery pack fire extinguishing system according to claim 2, further comprising a plurality of heat-sensitive plugs, one for each ejection port of the ejection branch pipes.
6. The battery pack fire extinguishing system according to claim 5, wherein the battery module is provided with a mounting hole, and the heat sensitive plug is mounted to the mounting hole.
7. The battery pack fire suppression system of claim 1, wherein the pressure equalization valve comprises:
the balance valve comprises a balance valve shell, a balance valve body and a balance valve body, wherein the balance valve shell surrounds to form an accommodating cavity, the balance valve shell is provided with a balance valve inlet end and a balance valve outlet end, and the balance valve inlet end and the balance valve outlet end are communicated with the accommodating cavity;
the balance piston is arranged in the accommodating cavity, when the balance piston is located at a first position, the inlet end of the balance valve and the outlet end of the balance valve are closed, when the pressure at the inlet end of the balance valve is higher than that at the outlet end of the balance valve, the balance piston moves to a second position from the first position, and the inlet end of the balance valve is communicated with the outlet end of the balance valve.
8. The battery pack fire suppression system of claim 1, further comprising:
the two ends of the communicating pipe are respectively connected with the output port of the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the pressure balance valve;
a first sealing valve provided in the communication pipe;
and the first inflating core is arranged on the communicating pipe and is positioned between the output port of the fire extinguishing agent storage device and the first sealing valve.
9. The battery pack fire suppression system of claim 8, further comprising a pressure sensor disposed in the communication tube and between the first inflatable core and the first sealing valve.
10. The battery pack fire suppression system of claim 1, further comprising an overpressure relief valve disposed in said main spray line.
11. The battery pack fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, further comprising a hose having both ends connected to the pressure balancing valve and the main injection line, respectively, and a second sealing valve and a second inflator core are provided at a connection end of the main injection line to the hose.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010688175.1A CN113941106B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Battery pack fire extinguishing system |
| PCT/CN2021/105710 WO2022012461A1 (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2021-07-12 | Battery pack fire extinguishing system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010688175.1A CN113941106B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Battery pack fire extinguishing system |
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| CN113941106A true CN113941106A (en) | 2022-01-18 |
| CN113941106B CN113941106B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010688175.1A Active CN113941106B (en) | 2020-07-16 | 2020-07-16 | Battery pack fire extinguishing system |
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| CN (1) | CN113941106B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022012461A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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| CN117913420A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-19 | 成都宇能通能源开发有限公司 | Car as a house energy storage system |
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| CN114404841A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Heat insulation sheet with fire-fighting function |
| CN116650870B (en) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-03 | 远山建安技术有限公司 | Energy storage device box energy storage power station |
| CN118267662A (en) * | 2024-05-31 | 2024-07-02 | 西安博康电子有限公司 | Energy storage system battery pack fire extinguishing system |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022012461A1 (en) | 2022-01-20 |
| CN113941106B (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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Denomination of invention: Battery pack fire extinguishing system Granted publication date: 20230131 Pledgee: Fumin Sub branch of Bank of Shanghai Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ZHEFU INTELLIGENT SYSTEM (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980003868 |