CN113933649A - Power distribution network multi-terminal traveling wave fault positioning method utilizing path search - Google Patents
Power distribution network multi-terminal traveling wave fault positioning method utilizing path search Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for positioning a multi-end traveling wave fault of a power distribution network by utilizing path search. The method has the advantages of quickly and accurately determining the fault position, reducing the workload of manual line patrol, improving the fault finding efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of power distribution networks, in particular to a power distribution network multi-terminal traveling wave fault positioning method utilizing path search.
Background
Along with the development of economy, the grid structure of the power distribution network is more and more complex, the requirement on the power supply reliability is higher and higher, particularly, the construction of a novel power system taking new energy as a main body is promoted, a large number of distributed power sources and distributed energy storage are connected, greater uncertainty is brought to the safe and stable operation of the power distribution network, and the rapid and accurate fault location is more and more important. However, the structure of the power distribution network is complex, the number of branches on the feeder line is large, and the network topology structure is changed along with economic construction, so that great challenges are brought to accurate positioning of the power distribution network.
The conventional distribution network fault positioning method is mainly based on fault section positioning of a fault indicator, a feeder terminal, a station terminal and other power distribution terminals, positioning is not accurate enough, and manual line patrol is still needed to a great extent. The proposed method for solving the problems of false fault points and the like in the incidence matrix and the distance matrix by utilizing the multi-terminal traveling wave fault positioning method is complex in calculation and cannot be quickly adapted to the change of the network structure of the distribution network.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the method for positioning the multi-end traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by utilizing the path search, which can quickly and accurately determine the fault position, reduce the workload of manual line patrol and improve the fault finding efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for locating the multi-end traveling wave fault of power distribution network by using path search includes such steps as creating a new matrix expression mode of network topology structure of power distribution network, searching the broken lines in matrix to find out all the shortest transmission paths of the traveling wave of transient fault, and integrating the information of the traveling wave of transient fault collected by each tail end of power distribution network to locate the fault point accurately.
Preferably, the specific process of constructing the power distribution network matrix is as follows:
a, B, C, D, E, F are defined as the end nodes of the power distribution network line, including power supply nodes and end transformer nodes; a. b, c and d are intersections of branch lines, are defined as branch nodes, and define a line between the two nodes; for a power distribution network with n nodes and m lines, the network is represented by an n × m matrix a, where the rows correspond to the nodes and the columns correspond to the lines, which is called a correlation matrix and is denoted as a ═ aij) The elements in the matrix define aijIs composed of
Preferably, the shortest failure path searching process is as follows: after a fault occurs, the initial traveling wave is transmitted along the shortest path, and initial wave head information is captured on the traveling wave detection device of each tail end node; firstly, selecting an end node, finding a non-zero element in a row corresponding to the node in an incidence matrix, starting to draw a vertical line by taking the non-zero element as a starting point to find another non-zero element in a column, then drawing a horizontal line by taking the end of the vertical line as the starting point to find another non-zero element in a row where the horizontal line is positioned, continuing to draw the vertical line by taking the non-zero element as the starting point, then drawing the horizontal line, ensuring that the direction of the drawn horizontal line always faces the same direction, and repeating the steps until another end node appears.
Preferably, the faulty line determination process is: the shortest path and the line passing through the shortest path are determined by pairwise arranging and combining all tail end nodes in the power distribution network and searching in a broken line mode to form
Each node combination consists of nodes and shortest paths; and selecting one node combination to judge whether the fault occurs on the shortest path, if the fault does not occur on the shortest path, continuously judging the next group of nodes until the line on which the fault occurs is determined, and if all the node combinations are traversed and the fault does not occur on the shortest path, judging that the fault occurs on a branch node.
Preferably, the fault location result is found out by a double-end traveling wave location method, specifically:
taking out all node combinations including fault line, and setting q groups, calculating the distance between fault point and one end node of fault line, which can be given by the following formula
fi＝|Li-di|(i＝1,2,...,q) (4)
in the formula ,diThe distance between the fault point and the tail end node is calculated through the node combination; l isiThe distance between the corresponding end node and one end node of the fault line is obtained;
to fiScreening to remove the data with larger error and retaining the data
F of (a)iData, set to total q*And then, the final fault distance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ,
the length of the shortest path in the corresponding node combination;
is fiIs a reasonable margin of the setting.
The invention also discloses a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, executes the steps of the method for locating a multi-terminal traveling wave fault of a power distribution network by using path search as described above.
The invention further discloses a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to execute the steps of the method for positioning the multi-terminal traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by utilizing the path search.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the distribution network multi-end traveling wave fault positioning method utilizing path search can quickly and accurately determine the fault position, and only a traveling wave collecting device needs to be arranged at the tail end node of a distribution network, so that the method is suitable for the adjustment of a grid structure to a greater extent; the distribution network incidence matrix can clearly describe the topological structure of the distribution network, and can be updated conveniently and simply when the distribution network structure changes; the shortest path among all terminal nodes can be clearly expressed by path search, and the considerable distribution network is realized to a certain extent; by adopting multi-terminal data for calculation, abnormal data can be automatically identified and eliminated, the fault-tolerant capability is strong, and the requirement on the stability of the traveling wave acquisition device is reduced; the invention can reduce the workload of manual line patrol and improve the fault finding efficiency.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a network topology structure diagram of the distribution network of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a branch fault according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the failure determination of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments of the description.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for locating a multi-port traveling wave fault in a power distribution network by using path search according to the embodiment of the present invention establishes a new matrix expression form of a network topology structure of the power distribution network, finds out all shortest transmission paths of a transient fault traveling wave by searching a broken line in the matrix, and synthesizes transient traveling wave information acquired from each end of the power distribution network to accurately locate a fault point, and includes the following specific steps:
(1) constructing a power distribution network matrix:
as shown in fig. 2, A, B, C, D, E, F is defined as a distribution network line end node, including a power supply node and an end transformer node; a. b, c and d are the cross points of the branch lines, the invention is defined as branch nodes, and a line is defined between the two nodes. For a power distribution network with n nodes and m lines, it can be represented by an n × m matrix a, where the rows correspond to the nodes and the columns correspond to the lines, which is called a correlation matrix, and is denoted as (a ═ bij) The elements in the matrix define aijIs composed of
(2) Searching the shortest fault path:
after the fault occurs, the initial traveling wave is transmitted along the shortest path, and the initial wave head information is captured on the traveling wave detection device of each tail end node. Therefore, the shortest path between the respective end nodes needs to be determined. Firstly, selecting an end node, such as an end node A, finding a nonzero element (only one nonzero element in a row corresponding to the end node) in a row corresponding to the node in an incidence matrix, starting to draw a vertical line by taking the nonzero element as a starting point to find another nonzero element in a column, then drawing a transverse line by taking the end of the vertical line as the starting point to find another nonzero element in the row where the transverse line is positioned, continuing to draw the vertical line by taking the nonzero element as the starting point, and then drawing the transverse line to ensure that the direction of the drawn transverse line always faces to the same direction, repeating the steps until another end node appears. Tree radial with a end nodesDistribution network, in common
The shortest path.
(3) And (3) determining a fault line:
as shown in FIG. 3, A, B, C are 3 end nodes, L, of the distribution network1、L2、L3Three lines in the distribution network respectively also represent the lengths of the corresponding lines respectively. If the fault occurs in L3At point f of the line, the shortest path between A, B is L for both end nodes1、L2Then L is3The line is a branch line between AB nodes. If the fault positioning is performed by using the time when the fault initial traveling wave signal reaches the A, B node, the D-type traveling wave ranging principle can be known as follows:
in the formula ,LACalculating the distance between the fault point and the node A; l isABA, B is the shortest path between nodes; t isA、TBRespectively the time when the initial fault traveling wave reaches A, B nodes; v is the traveling wave velocity.
In the ideal case, without taking errors into account, LAAnd L1The judgment method comprises the following steps that the fault is equal, namely, if the fault does not occur on the shortest path between two tail end nodes, the fault can be positioned near the branch node only, and therefore whether the fault occurs on the shortest path between the two tail end nodes can be judged through the criterion. Since there will always be an error in practice, L cannot be madeAAnd L1Strictly equal, a reasonable margin delta needs to be set, and when the formula (3) is met, the fault is judged not to occur in the A, B node shortest path, namely the fault occurs in the node a or the branch line;
|LA-L1|≤δ (3)
however, when B, C node is selected, it can be determined that the fault occurs at L3Lines, i.e. always having to find some two end pointsThe failure point is located on its shortest path.
The method for determining the fault line comprises the following steps: all end nodes (a) in the power distribution network are arranged and combined pairwise, and the shortest path and the line passing by the shortest path are determined in a broken line searching mode to form
And the node combination consists of the nodes and the shortest path. And selecting one node combination to judge whether the fault occurs on the shortest path, if the fault does not occur on the shortest path, continuously judging the next group of nodes until the line on which the fault occurs is determined, and if all the node combinations are traversed and the fault does not occur on the shortest path, judging that the fault occurs on a branch node. The flow chart is shown in fig. 3.
(4) And (3) calculating a fault positioning result:
the fault location result can be given by a double-end traveling wave location method, as shown in equation (2). In a power distribution network, due to the fact that a plurality of end nodes exist, fault lines are often contained in a plurality of shortest paths, the transient traveling wave information of the end nodes is comprehensively utilized, the accuracy of fault location can be improved, individual error data can be eliminated, and fault tolerance is improved.
All node combinations including the fault line are taken out, and q groups are set. The distance of the fault point from the node at the end of the fault line can be calculated and given by
fi＝|Li-di| (i＝1,2,...,q) (4)
in the formula ,diThe distance between the fault point and the tail end node is calculated through the node combination; l isiThe distance between the corresponding end node and the node at one end of the fault line.
To fiScreening to remove the data with larger error and retaining the data
( wherein 
Is fiIs a reasonable margin of the setting) of fiData, set to total q*And (4) respectively. The final fault distance calculation formula is:
wherein 
The length of the shortest path in the corresponding node combination.
The distribution network multi-end traveling wave fault positioning method utilizing path search can quickly and accurately determine the fault position, and only a traveling wave collecting device needs to be arranged at the tail end node of a distribution network, so that the method is suitable for the adjustment of a grid structure to a greater extent; the distribution network incidence matrix can clearly describe the topological structure of the distribution network, and can be updated conveniently and simply when the distribution network structure changes; the shortest path among all terminal nodes can be clearly expressed by path search, and the considerable distribution network is realized to a certain extent; by adopting multi-terminal data for calculation, abnormal data can be automatically identified and eliminated, the fault-tolerant capability is strong, and the requirement on the stability of the traveling wave acquisition device is reduced; the invention can reduce the workload of manual line patrol and improve the fault finding efficiency.
The above invention is further described in detail with reference to a specific embodiment:
1. taking the power distribution network shown in fig. 2 as an example, 10 nodes and 9 lines are used, and the incidence matrix is constructed as follows:
2. the method comprises the steps of firstly selecting an end node, such as an end node A, finding a nonzero element (only one nonzero element is in a row corresponding to the end node) in a row corresponding to the node in the incidence matrix, and drawing a vertical line by taking the nonzero element as a starting point to find the nonzero elementAnd when the other non-zero element in the column is reached, drawing a transverse line by taking the tail end of the vertical line as a starting point, finding the other non-zero element in the row where the transverse line is located, continuing drawing the vertical line by taking the non-zero element as the starting point, and drawing the transverse line again to ensure that the direction of the drawn transverse line always faces to the same direction, and repeating the steps until another tail end node appears. A tree-shaped radial distribution network with 10 end nodes, in total
The shortest path.
1)A→m1→a→m2→B:6km
2)A→m1→a→m3→b→m7→c→→m8→C:7.7km
3)A→m1→a→m3→b→m4→d→→m5→D:9.9km
4)A→m1→a→m3→b→m7→c→→m9→E:7.5km
5)A→m1→a→m3→b→m4→d→→m6→F:9.6km
6)B→m2→a→m3→b→m7→c→→m8→C:5.7km
7)B→m2→a→m3→b→m4→d→→m5→D:7.9km
8)B→m2→a→m3→b→m7→c→→m9→E:5.5km
9)B→m2→a→m3→b→m4→d→→m6→F:7.6km
10)C→m8→c→m7→b→m4→d→→m5→D:6.6km
11)C→m8→c→m9→E:1.8km
12)C→m8→c→m7→b→m4→d→→m6→F:6.3km
13)D→m5→d→m4→b→m7→c→→m9→E:6.4km
14)D→m5→d→m6→F:4.9km
15)E→m9→c→m7→b→m4→d→→m6→F:6.1km
3. Setting a point f1 where a fault occurs at a position 2km away from the node A, wherein the sampling frequency of the device is 2MHz, and performing phase-mode conversion on current traveling wave signals collected by each tail end node and then performing wavelet analysis to obtain an initial wave head time as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 initial traveling wave arrival time at each end node
Table 1 Initial arrival time of traveling wave
According to the fault line determination process, the fault can be determined to occur on the m1 line, and all node combinations including the m1 line are screened out: 1) 2), 3), 4), 5); the distances from the fault to the node A are respectively calculated to be 2.058km, 2.038km, 2.051km, 2.083km and 2.046km, the final fault positioning result is shown to be 2.054km from the node A by using the formulas (4) and (5), and compared with the actual result, the error is 54 m.
If the data of the traveling wave acquisition device of the tail end node B is wrong and the arrival time of the obtained initial traveling wave head is deviated backwards by two microseconds, the fault distance calculated by the node combination 1) is 1.768km, the average value of all the fault distances is 1.997km, and the fault distance is obtained by calculating the fault distance according to the node combination
The calculated difference is 0.2292km, the sampling rate is 2MHz, epsilon is taken as 150m, the node B can be judged to be invalid data, the final fault distance given after elimination is 2.054km, and the error is 54 m.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for positioning multi-end traveling wave faults of a power distribution network by utilizing path search is characterized in that a new matrix expression form of a network topology structure of the power distribution network is established, all shortest transmission paths of transient fault traveling waves are found out by searching broken lines in a matrix, and transient traveling wave information collected at each tail end of the power distribution network is synthesized to realize accurate positioning of fault points.
2. The method for positioning the multi-terminal traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by using the path search as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific process for constructing the network matrix of the power distribution network comprises the following steps:
a, B, C, D, E, F are defined as the end nodes of the power distribution network line, including power supply nodes and end transformer nodes; a. b, c and d are intersections of branch lines, are defined as branch nodes, and define a line between the two nodes; for a power distribution network with n nodes and m lines, the network is represented by an n × m matrix a, where the rows correspond to the nodes and the columns correspond to the lines, which is called a correlation matrix and is denoted as a ═ aij) The elements in the matrix define aijIs composed of
3. The method for positioning the multi-terminal traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by using the path search as claimed in claim 2, wherein the shortest fault path search process is as follows: after a fault occurs, the initial traveling wave is transmitted along the shortest path, and initial wave head information is captured on the traveling wave detection device of each tail end node; firstly, selecting an end node, finding a non-zero element in a row corresponding to the node in an incidence matrix, starting to draw a vertical line by taking the non-zero element as a starting point to find another non-zero element in a column, then drawing a horizontal line by taking the end of the vertical line as the starting point to find another non-zero element in a row where the horizontal line is positioned, continuing to draw the vertical line by taking the non-zero element as the starting point, then drawing the horizontal line, ensuring that the direction of the drawn horizontal line always faces the same direction, and repeating the steps until another end node appears.
4. The method for locating the multi-terminal traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by using the path search is characterized in that the fault line determination process comprises the following steps: the shortest path and the line passing through the shortest path are determined by pairwise arranging and combining all tail end nodes in the power distribution network and searching in a broken line mode to form
Each node combination consists of nodes and shortest paths; and selecting one node combination to judge whether the fault occurs on the shortest path, if the fault does not occur on the shortest path, continuously judging the next group of nodes until the line on which the fault occurs is determined, and if all the node combinations are traversed and the fault does not occur on the shortest path, judging that the fault occurs on a branch node.
5. The method for locating the multi-terminal traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by using the path search as claimed in claim 4, wherein the fault locating result is found by a double-terminal traveling wave locating method.
6. The method for positioning the multi-terminal traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by utilizing the path search is characterized in that the process of the method for positioning the multi-terminal traveling wave fault of the power distribution network by utilizing the path search is as follows:
taking out all node combinations including fault line, and setting q groups, calculating the distance between fault point and one end node of fault line, which can be given by the following formula
fi＝|Li-di|(i＝1,2,...,q) (4)
wherein ,diThe distance between the fault point and the tail end node is calculated through the node combination; l isiFor corresponding end node and fault lineDistance of a node at one end of a path;
to fiScreening to remove the data with larger error and retaining the data
F of (a)iData, set to total q*And then, the final fault distance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ,
the length of the shortest path in the corresponding node combination;
is fiIs a reasonable margin of the setting.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method for locating a multi-terminal traveling wave fault of a power distribution network using path search according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Computer arrangement comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by the processor, performs the steps of the method for multi-terminal traveling wave fault localization of a power distribution network using path search according to any of the claims 1 to 6.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116223980A (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2023-06-06 | 山东恩光能源科技有限公司 | Ultrahigh voltage transmission line fault monitoring and emergency handling method |
| CN117929928A (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-04-26 | 高唐县恒诚建筑工程有限公司 | Circuit updating and fault detection method, system and medium based on Internet of things |
| CN117929928B (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-06-07 | 高唐县恒诚建筑工程有限公司 | Circuit updating and fault detection method, system and medium based on Internet of things |
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