CN113929211A - Biological enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carrier - Google Patents
Biological enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carrier Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage denitrification, and discloses a tourmaline carrier-based biological enhanced reactor denitrification process, which comprises the following steps: firstly, placing activated sludge in a first-stage reaction device, introducing sewage to be treated, aerating and oxygenating, and adding tourmaline carriers with particle sizes; the tourmaline carriers are uniformly dispersed, and the retention time of the sewage to be treated is 10-24 h; then the tourmaline carrier is separated from the sewage by standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank; introducing the obtained sewage into a second-stage reaction device, and enabling the sewage to pass through a treatment grid, so that a tourmaline carrier is loaded on the treatment grid to treat the sewage; the hydraulic retention time is 60-180 min; detecting the water quality condition after treatment by adopting a water quality detection device; the invention adopts the tourmaline carrier to improve the activity of biological denitrification functional enzyme, provides sufficient electron donor, provides a denitrification process with quick start and simple process, and can effectively improve the TN removal rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage denitrification, in particular to a biological enhanced reactor denitrification process based on a tourmaline carrier.
Background
SBR is a short name of a sequencing batch type intermittent activated sludge method, the operation of the SBR is different from the traditional activated sludge method, and a mode of intermittently operating a plurality of SBR reactors in parallel is generally adopted; for a single SBR reactor, each run cycle comprises 5 phases: a water inlet period, a reaction period, a precipitation period, a water and sludge draining period and an idle period; SBR has the problems that the operation of a reactor is difficult, the work is complicated, and the start is slow, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency is limited.
The A2/O process is also called A-A-O process, is the most widely used process for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and according to the actual meaning, the process is an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic method, and the process is abbreviated as biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process; the TN removal rate of the A2/O process in the prior art is usually 58-78%.
In addition, the problems of insufficient carbon source and insufficient electron donor exist in the current deep denitrification process of the wastewater; therefore, the denitrification function enzyme activity is low, so that nitrous acid is accumulated, and the TN removal rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the tourmaline carrier is adopted to improve the activity of biological denitrification functional enzyme, provide sufficient electron donor, provide a denitrification process with quick start and simple process, and improve the TN removal rate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers comprises the following steps:
s1: mixed oxygen charging
Firstly, placing activated sludge in a first-stage reaction device, then introducing sewage to be treated into the first-stage reaction device, mixing and stirring the sewage by adopting a stirring assembly, simultaneously introducing compressed air from the bottom end of the first-stage reaction device, and carrying out aeration and oxygenation to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first-stage reaction device is 0.05-0.5 mg/L;
s2: adding tourmaline carrier for the first stage treatment
Adding tourmaline carriers with the grain diameter of 2-8 mm into the first-stage reaction device, wherein the adding amount is 0.5-2.5 g/L; stirring the mixture by adopting the stirring assembly again to uniformly disperse the tourmaline carriers to obtain the sewage to be treated mixed with the tourmaline carriers; stirring for 5-8 min at intervals of 30-60 min, wherein the retention time of the sewage to be treated is 10-24 h;
s3: separating by precipitation
The tourmaline carrier is separated from the sewage by standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank; the tourmaline carrier is recycled for the second time and is added into the first-stage reaction device;
s4: performing a second stage treatment
Introducing the sewage obtained in the step S3 into a second-stage reaction device, and enabling the sewage to pass through a treatment grid uniformly arranged in the second-stage reaction device, so that tourmaline carriers are loaded on the treatment grid to treat the sewage; the hydraulic retention time is 60-180 min;
s5: water quality detection
Detecting the water quality condition after treatment by adopting a water quality detection device, and discharging according with the standard; if the standard is not met, the mixture is pumped into a second-stage reaction device by a circulating pump set for treatment again.
Further, the preparation method of the tourmaline carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and grinding tourmaline blocks to obtain tourmaline powder with the particle size of 20-80 mu m;
(2) mixing the tourmaline powder obtained by preparation, fly ash and clay according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 0.8-1.2: 0.5-0.8, and putting the mixture into deionized water, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio is 15-30 g/L; then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 min, and continuously stirring; wherein the particle size of the fly ash is 40-100 mu m;
(3) carrying out shape suction filtration on the mixed solution to obtain a solid material; pressing the obtained solid material into a tourmaline carrier with the grain diameter of 3-8 mm; then heating at 800-1050 ℃ for 20-40 min.
The tourmaline can transmit electrons through the oxidation-reduction capability of the tourmaline and participate in the extracellular electron transmission process of microorganisms, so that the electron transmission rate is accelerated, and the degradation rate of pollutants is obviously improved. If the tourmaline powder is directly used as an oxidation-reduction carrier, the tourmaline powder is easy to run off due to small particle size, and needs to be added periodically in the biological water treatment process, so that the treatment cost is increased; therefore, the tourmaline carrier with larger grain diameter is formed by loading the fly ash, thereby not only improving the removal efficiency of nitrogen in the reaction device during the starter and the operation period, but also shortening the reaction time; so that the ammonia nitrogen and the total nitrogen reach the standard and are discharged.
Preferably, the preparation method of the tourmaline carrier comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the tourmaline carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing chitosan powder with deionized water or acetic acid with the volume concentration of 2% according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-3, and then heating in a water bath at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 30-60 min to enable chitosan to be dissolved into colloid;
(2) adding tourmaline powder and absolute ethyl alcohol with the volume concentration of 95% into colloidal chitosan, then stirring for 30-60 min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; wherein the mass ratio of the tourmaline powder to the chitosan to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2-3: 1: 3;
(3) dropwise adding the obtained mixture A into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 15-35%, and continuously stirring at the speed of 20-60 r/min in the dropwise adding process; then filtering, and freeze-drying at-50 to-30 ℃ for 8 to 12 hours to prepare the tourmaline carrier with the particle size of 2 to 6 mm.
The tourmaline carrier prepared by the preparation method has a certain degree of barrier effect on the release of the spontaneous electrode characteristics of the tourmaline, so that the effect of the tourmaline as an electron donor is influenced, and the tourmaline cannot be completely released and acts; through the research, the tourmaline carrier is prepared by dripping chitosan mixed tourmaline powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, the release blocking effect of the tourmaline on the spontaneous electrode characteristic is greatly reduced, and the denitrification efficiency can be effectively improved on the whole.
Under the same adding amount, the method can obtain larger activated sludge proliferation rate by adding the tourmaline carrier, which is increased by 4.3 percent compared with the method. Further has positive influence on the activity of the biological denitrification key enzyme, can obviously improve the relative activity of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase in the activated sludge, and respectively increases by 31 percent and 35.1 percent.
Further, in the step S1, the concentration of the activated sludge is 2000-3000 mg/L; the integral temperature of the first stage reaction device is 15-28 ℃.
The reaction temperature is 15-28 ℃, the whole device has excellent denitrification efficiency at the temperature, and the TN removal rate can reach 83-98%, which is greatly higher than 62-78% of TN removal rate of the conventional treatment device A2/O process.
Further, the first-stage reaction device comprises a reaction tank, an aeration device arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank, an oxygen concentration detection device arranged in the reaction tank, and a plurality of groups of stirring devices arranged in the reaction tank.
The first-stage reaction device comprises a reaction tank, an aeration device arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank, an oxygen concentration detection device arranged in the reaction tank, and a plurality of groups of stirring devices arranged in the reaction tank. The aeration device and the stirring device are arranged up and down correspondingly, so that the oxygen concentration can be increased, and efficient stirring can be carried out simultaneously, so that sludge and a tourmaline carrier can form good contact, and the biological denitrification key enzyme activity can be improved.
Further, the second-stage reaction device comprises a treatment circular pipe and treatment grids which are uniformly arranged in the treatment circular pipe at intervals; the processing circular pipes are arranged side by side, and the adjacent processing circular pipes are communicated end to form an S-shaped processing channel;
the treatment grating comprises an installation circular ring, filter screens arranged at two sides of the installation circular ring, and tourmaline carriers filled in the middle of the filter screens at two sides; the mesh size on the filter screen is 0.5-2 mm. The S-shaped treatment channel can form a closed anaerobic treatment environment, secondary effective treatment can be carried out on sewage through the uniform interval arrangement of the tourmaline carriers, and the removal rate of TN is further improved.
Further, modified ceramsite with the particle size of 6-10 mm is clamped between the treatment grids.
Mixing ceramsite, tourmaline powder with the particle size of 10-30 mu m and rare earth magnetic powder with the particle size of 10-30 mu m according to the mass ratio of (2-3): 1: 0.5, heating at 200-300 ℃ for 60-100 min, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified ceramsite loaded with the tourmaline powder.
The tourmaline powder is loaded by the ceramsite and is arranged between the tourmaline carriers, more carriers containing tourmaline can be provided for the formation of a biological film, the ceramsite is easy to obtain, the cost is low, the cost for preparing the carriers is controlled while the denitrification efficiency is improved, the large-scale application is facilitated, and the practicability is high.
Furthermore, the sewage in the first-stage reaction device and the sewage in the second-stage reaction device are both negatively charged, and the electromotive potential is-40 mV to-20 mV; the pH value of the sewage is 6-8. In the denitrification way, the denitrifying bacteria can preferentially utilize an organic carbon source as an electron donor, and the tourmaline, which is used as the electron donor, can continuously and stably provide electrons for denitrifying bacteria after the organic substances are exhausted, so that the nitrate is promoted to be reduced into nitrite, and the nitrate reduction rate is improved; the proper data of the electrokinetic potential is beneficial to providing an effective micro-electric field stimulation environment for the key biological denitrification enzyme, so that the activity of the key biological denitrification enzyme is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a biological enhanced reactor denitrification process based on a tourmaline carrier, which mainly comprises the steps of oxygenating an activated sludge tourmaline carrier, mixing, carrying out first-stage mixing treatment, then separating sludge and sewage, and carrying out second-stage denitrification treatment on the sewage; because the weak electric field can stimulate the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, the piezoelectric property of the tourmaline leads each tourmaline particle to be equal to a point power supply in the solution, so the activity of the activated sludge is increased along with the increase of the adding amount of the tourmaline particles, and when the optimal dosage for stimulating the growth of the microorganisms is reached, the activity of the activated sludge reaches the maximum; therefore, the reaction devices in the two stages can obtain higher starting speed; the activity of biological denitrification functional enzyme is improved by adopting the tourmaline carrier, sufficient electron donors are provided, and the TN removal rate is effectively improved finally.
The invention also provides two different tourmaline carrier preparation schemes, and the tourmaline can transmit electrons through the oxidation-reduction capability of the tourmaline and participate in the extracellular electron transmission process of microorganisms, thereby accelerating the electron transmission rate and obviously improving the degradation rate of pollutants. If the tourmaline powder is directly used as an oxidation-reduction carrier, the tourmaline powder is easy to run off due to small particle size, and needs to be added periodically in the biological water treatment process, so that the treatment cost is increased; the tourmaline can be recycled for the second time through the preparation of the tourmaline carrier, so that the treatment cost is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a reaction tank and a processing round tube in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a treatment grid according to example 1 of the present invention;
wherein, the device comprises a reaction tank 1, an aeration device 2, an oxygen concentration detection device 10, a stirring device 11, a processing circular tube 30, a processing grid 31, a mounting circular ring 310 and a filter screen 311.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers comprises the following steps:
s1: mixed oxygen charging
Firstly, placing activated sludge in a first-stage reaction device, then introducing sewage to be treated into the first-stage reaction device, mixing and stirring the sewage by adopting a stirring assembly, simultaneously introducing compressed air from the bottom end of the first-stage reaction device, and carrying out aeration oxygenation to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first-stage reaction device is 0.05 mg/L;
the concentration of the activated sludge is 2000 mg/L; the temperature of the whole reaction device in the first stage is 15 ℃.
S2: adding tourmaline carrier for the first stage treatment
Adding tourmaline carriers with the grain diameter of 2mm into the first-stage reaction device, wherein the adding amount is 0.5 g/L; stirring the mixture by adopting the stirring assembly again to uniformly disperse the tourmaline carriers to obtain the sewage to be treated mixed with the tourmaline carriers; stirring for 5min at intervals of 30min, wherein the retention time of the sewage to be treated is 10 h;
s3: separating by precipitation
The tourmaline carrier is separated from the sewage by standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank; the tourmaline carrier is recycled for the second time and is added into the first-stage reaction device;
s4: performing a second stage treatment
Introducing the sewage obtained in the step S3 into a second-stage reaction device, and enabling the sewage to pass through a treatment grid uniformly arranged in the second-stage reaction device, so that tourmaline carriers are loaded on the treatment grid to treat the sewage; the hydraulic retention time is 60 min; the sewage in the first stage reaction device and the sewage in the second stage reaction device are both negatively charged, and the electromotive potential is minus 40 mV; the pH value of the sewage is 6.
S5: water quality detection
Detecting the water quality condition after treatment by adopting a water quality detection device, and discharging according with the standard; if the standard is not met, the mixture is pumped into a second-stage reaction device by a circulating pump set for treatment again.
The preparation method of the tourmaline carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and grinding tourmaline to obtain tourmaline powder with the particle size of 20-30 mu m;
(2) mixing the tourmaline powder obtained by preparation, fly ash and clay according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.8: 0.5, mixing, and putting into deionized water, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio is 15 g/L; then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min, and continuously stirring; wherein the particle size of the fly ash is 40-50 μm;
(3) carrying out shape suction filtration on the mixed solution to obtain a solid material; pressing the obtained solid material into a tourmaline carrier with the grain diameter of 3 mm; then heated at 800 ℃ for 20 min.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first-stage reaction apparatus used in example 1 includes a reaction tank 1, an aeration apparatus 2 disposed at the bottom of the reaction tank 1, an oxygen concentration detection apparatus 10 disposed inside the reaction tank 1, and 3 sets of stirring apparatuses 11 disposed inside the reaction tank 1.
The second-stage reaction device comprises a processing circular tube 30 and processing grids 31 which are uniformly arranged in the processing circular tube 30 at intervals; the processing circular tubes 30 are arranged side by side, and the adjacent processing circular tubes 30 are communicated end to form an S-shaped processing channel;
the treatment grille 31 comprises an installation circular ring 310, filter screens 311 arranged at two sides of the installation circular ring 310 and tourmaline carriers filled in the middle of the filter screens 311 at two sides; the mesh size on the filter screen 311 is 0.5 mm.
Wherein, the oxygen concentration detection device 10 and the stirring device 11 are commercially available components, and the specific product type can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the needs.
Example 2:
the difference from example 1 is:
a biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers comprises the following steps:
s1: mixed oxygen charging
Firstly, placing activated sludge in a first-stage reaction device, then introducing sewage to be treated into the first-stage reaction device, mixing and stirring the sewage by adopting a stirring assembly, simultaneously introducing compressed air from the bottom end of the first-stage reaction device, and carrying out aeration oxygenation to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first-stage reaction device is 0.5 mg/L;
the concentration of the activated sludge is 3000 mg/L; the temperature of the whole reaction device in the first stage is 18 ℃.
S2: adding tourmaline carrier for the first stage treatment
Adding tourmaline carriers with the grain diameter of 8mm into the first-stage reaction device, wherein the adding amount is 2.5 g/L; stirring the mixture by adopting the stirring assembly again to uniformly disperse the tourmaline carriers to obtain the sewage to be treated mixed with the tourmaline carriers; stirring for 8min at intervals of 60min, wherein the retention time of the sewage to be treated is 14 h;
s3: separating by precipitation
The tourmaline carrier is separated from the sewage by standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank; the tourmaline carrier is recycled for the second time and is added into the first-stage reaction device;
s4: performing a second stage treatment
Introducing the sewage obtained in the step S3 into a second-stage reaction device, and enabling the sewage to pass through a treatment grid uniformly arranged in the second-stage reaction device, so that tourmaline carriers are loaded on the treatment grid to treat the sewage; the hydraulic retention time is 180 min; the sewage in the first stage reaction device and the sewage in the second stage reaction device are both negatively charged, and the electromotive potential is minus 20 mV; the pH value of the sewage is 8.
S5: water quality detection
Detecting the water quality condition after treatment by adopting a water quality detection device, and discharging according with the standard; if the standard is not met, the mixture is pumped into a second-stage reaction device by a circulating pump set for treatment again.
The preparation method of the tourmaline carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing chitosan powder and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1:2, and heating in a water bath at 60 ℃ for 30min to dissolve chitosan into colloid;
(2) adding tourmaline powder and 95 vol% anhydrous ethanol into colloidal chitosan, stirring for 30min, and mixing to obtain mixture A; wherein the mass ratio of the tourmaline powder, the chitosan and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2: 1: 3;
(3) dropwise adding the obtained mixture A into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 15%, and continuously stirring at the speed of 20r/min in the dropwise adding process; then filtering, and freeze-drying at-30 deg.C for 8h to obtain tourmaline carrier with particle diameter of 6 mm.
Example 3:
a biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers comprises the following steps:
s1: mixed oxygen charging
Firstly, placing activated sludge in a first-stage reaction device, then introducing sewage to be treated into the first-stage reaction device, mixing and stirring the sewage by adopting a stirring assembly, simultaneously introducing compressed air from the bottom end of the first-stage reaction device, and carrying out aeration oxygenation to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first-stage reaction device is 0.25 mg/L;
the concentration of the activated sludge is 2500 mg/L; the temperature of the whole reaction device in the first stage is 28 ℃.
S2: adding tourmaline carrier for the first stage treatment
Adding tourmaline carriers with the grain diameter of 5mm into the first-stage reaction device, wherein the adding amount is 1.3 g/L; stirring the mixture by adopting the stirring assembly again to uniformly disperse the tourmaline carriers to obtain the sewage to be treated mixed with the tourmaline carriers; stirring for 7min at intervals of 45min, wherein the retention time of the sewage to be treated is 24 h;
s3: separating by precipitation
The tourmaline carrier is separated from the sewage by standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank; the tourmaline carrier is recycled for the second time and is added into the first-stage reaction device;
s4: performing a second stage treatment
Introducing the sewage obtained in the step S3 into a second-stage reaction device, and enabling the sewage to pass through a treatment grid uniformly arranged in the second-stage reaction device, so that tourmaline carriers are loaded on the treatment grid to treat the sewage; the hydraulic retention time is 120 min; the sewage in the first stage reaction device and the sewage in the second stage reaction device are both negatively charged, and the electromotive potential is minus 30 mV; the pH value of the sewage is 7.5.
S5: water quality detection
Detecting the water quality condition after treatment by adopting a water quality detection device, and discharging according with the standard; if the standard is not met, the mixture is pumped into a second-stage reaction device by a circulating pump set for treatment again.
The preparation method of the tourmaline carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing chitosan powder with acetic acid with volume concentration of 2% according to a mass ratio of 1:3, and heating in water bath at 80 ℃ for 60min to dissolve chitosan into colloid;
(2) adding tourmaline powder and 95 vol% anhydrous ethanol into colloidal chitosan, stirring for 60min, and mixing to obtain mixture A; wherein the mass ratio of the tourmaline powder, the chitosan and the absolute ethyl alcohol is 3: 1: 3;
(3) dropwise adding the obtained mixture A into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 35%, and continuously stirring at the speed of 60r/min in the dropwise adding process; then filtering, and freeze-drying at-50 deg.C for 12h to obtain tourmaline carrier with particle size of 2 mm.
The first-stage reaction apparatus used in example 3 comprises a reaction tank 1, an aeration apparatus 2 disposed at the bottom of the reaction tank 1, an oxygen concentration detection apparatus 10 disposed inside the reaction tank 1, and 3 sets of stirring apparatuses 11 disposed inside the reaction tank 1.
The second-stage reaction device comprises a processing circular tube 30 and processing grids 31 which are uniformly arranged in the processing circular tube 30 at intervals; the processing circular tubes 30 are arranged side by side, and the adjacent processing circular tubes 30 are communicated end to form an S-shaped processing channel;
the treatment grille 31 comprises an installation circular ring 310, filter screens 311 arranged at two sides of the installation circular ring 310 and tourmaline carriers filled in the middle of the filter screens 311 at two sides; the mesh size on the filter screen 311 is 0.5-2 mm.
Modified ceramsite with the particle size of 8mm is clamped between the treatment grids 31.
The preparation method of the modified ceramsite comprises the following steps:
mixing ceramsite, tourmaline powder with the particle size of 10-20 mu m and rare earth magnetic powder with the particle size of 10-20 mu m according to the mass ratio of 3: 1: 0.5, heating at 300 ℃ for 100min, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified ceramsite loaded with the tourmaline powder.
Test example:
the method of the above examples 1 to 3 and the method of the prior art (chinese invention patent CN101723554B) are used as a control group to treat the sewage discharged from a fertilizer plant, wherein the TN concentration in the sewage is 125mg/L and the COD concentration is 460mg/L, and the TN concentration after the discharge of the two treatments is detected, and the data is recorded as the following table 1:
table 1: results of the treatment of the wastewater in examples 1 to 3 and the control group
The comparison of the data in the table 1 shows that the denitrification treatment process provided by the invention can effectively improve the activity of key enzyme for biological denitrification, remarkably improve the relative activities of enzymes such as nitrate reductase (NAR), nitrite reductase (NIR) and the like in the activated sludge, and further improve NH4+The rate of N oxidation and NO3--N generation rate; by providing sufficient electron donors, the start-up time of the reactor is accelerated, the TN removal rate is improved, and finally the biological denitrification process with convenient implementation and excellent effect is obtained.
By comparison, the embodiment 3 is the best embodiment in the disclosed scheme, and the content of the tourmaline carrier can be further improved by adding the modified ceramsite, so that the treatment efficiency is further improved.
Claims (9)
1. A biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on a tourmaline carrier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: mixed oxygen charging
Firstly, placing activated sludge in a first-stage reaction device, then introducing sewage to be treated into the first-stage reaction device, mixing and stirring the sewage by adopting a stirring assembly, simultaneously introducing compressed air from the bottom end of the first-stage reaction device, and carrying out aeration and oxygenation to ensure that the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the first-stage reaction device is 0.05-0.5 mg/L;
s2: adding tourmaline carrier for the first stage treatment
Adding tourmaline carriers with the grain diameter of 2-8 mm into the first-stage reaction device, wherein the adding amount is 0.5-2.5 g/L; stirring the mixture by adopting the stirring assembly again to uniformly disperse the tourmaline carriers to obtain the sewage to be treated mixed with the tourmaline carriers; stirring for 5-8 min at intervals of 30-60 min, wherein the retention time of the sewage to be treated is 10-24 h;
s3: separating by precipitation
The tourmaline carrier is separated from the sewage by standing and precipitating in a precipitation tank; the tourmaline carrier is recycled for the second time and is added into the first-stage reaction device;
s4: performing a second stage treatment
Introducing the sewage obtained in the step S3 into a second-stage reaction device, and enabling the sewage to pass through a treatment grid uniformly arranged in the second-stage reaction device, so that tourmaline carriers are loaded on the treatment grid to treat the sewage; the hydraulic retention time is 60-180 min;
s5: water quality detection
Detecting the water quality condition after treatment by adopting a water quality detection device, and discharging according with the standard; if the standard is not met, the mixture is pumped into a second-stage reaction device by a circulating pump set for treatment again.
2. The biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the tourmaline carriers comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing and grinding tourmaline blocks to obtain tourmaline powder with the particle size of 20-80 mu m;
(2) mixing the tourmaline powder obtained by preparation, fly ash and clay according to a mass ratio of 1-2: 0.8-1.2: 0.5-0.8, and putting the mixture into deionized water, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio is 15-30 g/L; then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-60 min, and continuously stirring; wherein the particle size of the fly ash is 40-100 mu m;
(3) carrying out shape suction filtration on the mixed solution to obtain a solid material; pressing the obtained solid material into a tourmaline carrier with the grain diameter of 3-8 mm; then heating at 800-1050 ℃ for 20-40 min.
3. The biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the tourmaline carriers comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing chitosan powder with deionized water or acetic acid with the volume concentration of 2% according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-3, and then heating in a water bath at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 30-60 min to enable chitosan to be dissolved into colloid;
(2) adding tourmaline powder and absolute ethyl alcohol with the volume concentration of 95% into colloidal chitosan, then stirring for 30-60 min, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture A; wherein the mass ratio of the tourmaline powder to the chitosan to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2-3: 1: 3;
(3) dropwise adding the obtained mixture A into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 15-35%, and continuously stirring at the speed of 20-60 r/min in the dropwise adding process; then filtering, and freeze-drying at-50 to-30 ℃ for 8 to 12 hours to prepare the tourmaline carrier with the particle size of 2 to 6 mm.
4. The tourmaline carrier-based biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the activated sludge concentration is 2000-3000 mg/L; the integral temperature of the first stage reaction device is 15-28 ℃.
5. The biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first stage reaction device comprises a reaction tank (1), an aeration device (2) arranged at the bottom of said reaction tank (1), an oxygen concentration detection device (10) arranged inside said reaction tank (1), and a plurality of sets of stirring devices (11) arranged inside said reaction tank (1).
6. The tourmaline carrier-based bio-augmentation reactor nitrogen removal process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second stage reaction device comprises a processing round tube (30), and processing grilles (31) uniformly spaced inside the processing round tube (30); the processing circular tubes (30) are arranged side by side, and the adjacent processing circular tubes (30) are communicated end to form an S-shaped processing channel;
the treatment grille (31) comprises an installation circular ring (310), filter screens (311) arranged at two sides of the installation circular ring (310), and tourmaline carriers filled in the middle of the filter screens (311) at the two sides; the mesh size on the filter screen (311) is 0.5-2 mm.
7. The biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on the tourmaline carrier as claimed in claim 6, wherein modified ceramsite with the particle size of 6-10 mm is clamped between the treatment grids (31).
8. The biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers as claimed in claim 7, wherein the preparation method of the modified ceramsite is as follows:
mixing ceramsite, tourmaline powder with the particle size of 10-30 mu m and rare earth magnetic powder with the particle size of 10-30 mu m according to the mass ratio of (2-3): 1: 0.5, heating at 200-300 ℃ for 60-100 min, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified ceramsite loaded with the tourmaline powder.
9. The biologically enhanced reactor denitrification process based on tourmaline carriers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sewage in the first stage reaction device and the second stage reaction device are both negatively charged and the electromotive potential is-40 to-20 mV; the pH value of the sewage is 6-8.
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