CN113927259A - Machining method of front and rear two-half orthogonal gear device - Google Patents
Machining method of front and rear two-half orthogonal gear device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113927259A CN113927259A CN202111332294.4A CN202111332294A CN113927259A CN 113927259 A CN113927259 A CN 113927259A CN 202111332294 A CN202111332294 A CN 202111332294A CN 113927259 A CN113927259 A CN 113927259A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a method for processing a front and rear two-half orthogonal gear device, which comprises the following steps: (1) processing a front gear blank; (2) processing a rear gear blank; (3) processing the combined gear blank; (4) and processing the front and rear two-half orthogonal gear device. The invention solves the problem that only one half of the gear bears in the gear running process due to the dislocation of the tooth surfaces of the front and the rear gears, the dislocation of the inner holes and the like in the prior art, ensures that the front and the rear two half orthogonal gear devices can not generate unbalance loading in actual running, and further prolongs the service life of the gear.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gear machining method, in particular to a machining method of an orthogonal gear device.
Background
In a ship reducer, a power branch driving gear, namely a pump large gear, is usually arranged at the front end of the large gear and used for driving two small gears, and the two small gears respectively drive a hydraulic pump of a machine belt lubricating oil pump and a seawater pump system so as to ensure the normal operation of a whole gear box lubricating oil system. Because the pump bull gear is installed in the front end of the main drive bull gear, if the pump bull gear breaks down, the whole bull gear usually needs to be lifted out to replace the pump bull gear. Therefore, a front-back two-half orthogonal gear device is frequently adopted during maintenance and replacement, and the device can replace a large gear for a pump under the condition of avoiding hanging the large gear, so that the cost is reduced, and the working hours are reduced.
The front half-gear and the rear half-gear orthogonal gear device are composed of four gear rings, the four semicircular gear rings are assembled and connected in a 90-degree orthogonal arrangement mode, the gear device is of an orthogonal assembly structure, the wall is thin and easy to deform, the processing difficulty is high, the quality of a product processed by the prior art is not ideal, only one half of gears are loaded in the gear operation process due to the phenomena of deformation of the gear device, dislocation of tooth surfaces of the front gear and the rear gear, dislocation of inner holes and the like in the actual operation process, and the service life of the gear device is greatly shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for processing a front-back two-half orthogonal gear device, which ensures that the phenomenon of unbalanced load and the like does not occur in actual operation.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a method for processing a front and rear two-half orthogonal gear device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) machining front gear blank
a. Blanking and manufacturing a blank piece;
b. roughly turning the front gear blank by using a lathe, and carrying out stress relief heat treatment after roughly turning by adopting a turning and roughly turning processing method;
c. semi-finish turning the front gear by using a numerical control lathe and trimming a blunt sharp edge;
d. cutting the front gear into two halves in an integral linear way and carrying out stress relief heat treatment;
e. the upper half and the lower half of the front gear are ground by a grinding machine, two halves are ground in a pair when the front gear is ground, and soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation;
f. fixing the front two half gears on a tool and finely turning the front gear spigot by using a vertical lathe;
(2) machining rear gear blank
a. Blanking and manufacturing a blank piece;
b. roughly turning the front gear blank by using a lathe, and carrying out stress relief heat treatment after roughly turning by adopting a turning and roughly turning processing method;
c. semi-finish turning the front gear by using a numerical control lathe and trimming a blunt sharp edge;
d. cutting the front gear into two halves in an integral linear way and carrying out stress relief heat treatment;
e. the upper half and the lower half of the front gear are ground by a grinding machine, two halves are ground in a pair when the front gear is ground, and soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation;
f. fixing the front two half gears on a tool and finely turning the front gear spigot by using a vertical lathe;
(3) processing combined gear blank
a. Assembling the front and rear half gear blanks by using process bolts and fixing the two half gear blanks on a tool;
b. semi-finish turning the combined gear blank by using a numerical control lathe;
c. machining and reaming bolt holes by using a vertical machining center, and simultaneously milling and reaming the bolt holes;
d. the assembled front and rear gear blanks are disassembled and assembled after being placed for two days;
(4) device for processing front and rear two-half orthogonal gear
a. Hobbing the combined gear blank by using a hobbing machine;
b. the front and rear gears after gear hobbing are disassembled, placed for two days and then assembled;
c. finish turning a reference inner hole by using a numerical control vertical lathe;
d. finely grinding the combined tooth blank by using a gear grinding machine;
e. combining and dynamically balancing the formed gear device;
f. finally, warehousing after inspection.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. in the step (1), roughly turning the excircle, the end face and the inner circle of the front gear blank by using a lathe, turning the gear blank by adopting a turning rough turning method during rough turning, turning the gear blank piece to process the other face when processing the gear blank by 2mm, and performing stress removal heat treatment after finishing the rough turning, wherein the temperature is 470 +/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours; after flat grinding, aligning and combining the two surfaces, and coating red lead powder on the combination position of the middle split surfaces, wherein the combination area is not less than 80%; the gap of the middle split surface of the front gear is within 0.04mm, and the inner circle of the spigot is finely turned by a numerical control lathe after the gear blank is fixed on a tool.
2. And (3) processing the rear gear blank in the step (2) is the same as in the step (1).
3. And (3) semi-finish turning the combined gear blank by using a numerical control lathe, wherein the combined gear blank comprises an outer circle, a front gear side face, a rear gear side face and an inner circle, a bolt hole is matched with a vertical machining center in a hinged mode, bolts close to the middle section face are arranged in a tight fit mode in the hinged mode, bolts at the other positions are tapped by a wood hammer, and the gap between the middle section faces of the front gear and the rear gear is within 0.04 mm.
4. In the step (4), the mid-plane gap of the front gear and the rear gear is within 0.04mm, the dynamic balance precision grade of the gear combination is G2.5, and magnetic powder inspection, gear precision detection, size detection and form and position tolerance detection are carried out before warehousing.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention solves the problem that only one half of the gear bears in the gear running process due to the dislocation of the tooth surfaces of the front and the rear gears, the dislocation of the inner holes and the like in the prior art, ensures that the front and the rear two half orthogonal gear devices can not generate unbalance loading in actual running, and further prolongs the service life of the gear.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of machining a front gear;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of machining a rear gear;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of machining a composite tooth blank;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a quadrature gear system for machining front and rear halves.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1-5, the invention mainly comprises front gear blank processing, rear gear blank processing, combined gear blank processing and front and rear two-half orthogonal gear device processing, and the production is finished after the final inspection and warehousing after all the processing is finished. The specific steps of the embodiment are as follows:
1) machining front gear blank (see fig. 2)
A. Blanking, wherein the material is 34CrNi3Mo, a forging method is adopted to process and manufacture a blank piece, and rough turning and thermal refining are carried out after the forged piece is qualified;
B. after the forged piece returns to the factory, roughly turning the excircle (a), the end surface (b), the end surface (c), the spigot inner circle (d) and the inner circle (f) of the front gear blank by using a lathe, turning the rough turning method during rough turning, turning the gear blank to process the other surface when processing 2mm, and performing stress-removing heat treatment after all rough turning is finished at the temperature of 470 +/-20 ℃ and keeping the temperature for 5 hours;
C. semi-finish turning an excircle (a), an end face (b), an end face (c), a spigot inner circle (d) and an inner circle (f) of a front gear by using a numerical control lathe;
D. cutting the whole front gear blank into two halves along the line of the middle split surface (e) and carrying out stress relief heat treatment at the temperature of 470 +/-20 ℃ for 5 hours;
E. using a grinding machine to flat grind the upper half and the lower half of the front gear blank, wherein the two halves are in a pair during flat grinding, grinding simultaneously, padding a soft rubber at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation, aligning and combining the two faces after flat grinding, and coating red lead powder at the combination part of the middle split faces (e), wherein the combination area is required to be ensured to be more than 80%;
F. fixing the front gear on a tool by using a process bolt, strictly controlling the gap of a median plane (e) of the front gear to be within 0.04mm, and finely turning the inner circle of a spigot by using a numerical control lathe after fixing a gear blank on the tool;
2) machining rear gear blank (see fig. 3)
A. Blanking, wherein the material is 34CrNi3Mo, a forging method is adopted to process and manufacture a blank piece, and rough turning and thermal refining are carried out after the forged piece is qualified;
B. after the forged piece is returned to the factory, roughly turning the excircle (a1), the end face (b2), the end face (c2), the spigot excircle (d2) and the inner circle (f2) of a rear gear blank by using a lathe, turning the gear blank piece to process the other face by using a turning rough turning method when roughly turning the gear blank, and performing stress removal heat treatment at 470 +/-20 ℃ for 5 hours after finishing rough turning;
C. semi-finish turning an outer circle (a1), an end face (b1), an end face (c1), a spigot outer circle (d1) and an inner circle (f1) of a rear gear blank by using a numerical control lathe;
D. cutting the whole rear gear blank into two halves along a median plane (e1) line, and performing stress relief heat treatment at 470 +/-20 ℃ for 5 hours;
E. flat grinding the upper half and the lower half of the rear gear blank by a grinding machine to divide the upper half and the lower half into two halves (e1), grinding the two halves simultaneously, padding soft rubber at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation, aligning and combining the two faces after flat grinding, coating red lead powder at the combination part of the middle divided faces (e1), and ensuring that the combination area is more than 80%;
F. fixing the rear gear on a tool by using a process bolt, strictly controlling the clearance of a middle split surface (e1) of the rear gear to be within 0.04mm, fixing a gear blank on the tool, and finely turning the outer circle of a spigot by using a numerical control lathe (d 1);
3) processing combined gear blank (see figure 4)
A. Assembling the front and rear half gear blanks by using process bolts and fixing the two half gear blanks on a tool;
B. semi-finish turning the outer circle (a2), the side face (c2), the side face (b2) and the inner circle (f2) of the combined gear blank by using a numerical control lathe;
C. a bolt hole (d2) is hinged by using a vertical machining center, bolts close to the middle section (e2) need to be arranged in tight fit when being hinged, and bolts at other positions are tapped by using a wooden hammer to enter;
D. the assembled front and rear gear blanks are disassembled, placed for two days and then assembled, and the gap between the middle planes (e2) of the front and rear gears is strictly controlled within 0.04 mm;
4) processing front and rear two halves of orthogonal gear device (see figure 5)
A. Hobbing (a3) the combined tooth blank by a hobbing machine;
B. the front and rear gears after being processed are disassembled, placed for two days and then assembled, and the gap between the middle planes (c3) of the front and rear gears is strictly controlled within 0.04 mm;
C. finish turning a reference inner hole (b3) by a numerical control lathe;
D. refining the teeth (a3) with a gear refiner;
E. the gears are combined and dynamically balanced, and the dynamic balance precision grade is G2.5;
and carrying out magnetic powder inspection, gear precision detection, related dimension detection and form and position tolerance detection, and finally warehousing after inspection.
Claims (5)
1. A processing method of a front and back two-half orthogonal gear device is characterized in that:
(1) machining front gear blank
a. Blanking and manufacturing a blank piece;
b. roughly turning the front gear blank by using a lathe, and carrying out stress relief heat treatment after roughly turning by adopting a turning and roughly turning processing method;
c. semi-finish turning the front gear by using a numerical control lathe and trimming a blunt sharp edge;
d. cutting the front gear into two halves in an integral linear way and carrying out stress relief heat treatment;
e. the upper half and the lower half of the front gear are ground by a grinding machine, two halves are ground in a pair when the front gear is ground, and soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation;
f. fixing the front two half gears on a tool and finely turning the front gear spigot by using a vertical lathe;
(2) machining rear gear blank
a. Blanking and manufacturing a blank piece;
b. roughly turning the front gear blank by using a lathe, and carrying out stress relief heat treatment after roughly turning by adopting a turning and roughly turning processing method;
c. semi-finish turning the front gear by using a numerical control lathe and trimming a blunt sharp edge;
d. cutting the front gear into two halves in an integral linear way and carrying out stress relief heat treatment;
e. the upper half and the lower half of the front gear are ground by a grinding machine, two halves are ground in a pair when the front gear is ground, and soft rubber is padded at the lower part of the gear blank to prevent deformation;
f. fixing the front two half gears on a tool and finely turning the front gear spigot by using a vertical lathe;
(3) processing combined gear blank
a. Assembling the front and rear half gear blanks by using process bolts and fixing the two half gear blanks on a tool;
b. semi-finish turning the combined gear blank by using a numerical control lathe;
c. machining and reaming bolt holes by using a vertical machining center, and simultaneously milling and reaming the bolt holes;
d. the assembled front and rear gear blanks are disassembled and assembled after being placed for two days;
(4) device for processing front and rear two-half orthogonal gear
a. Hobbing the combined gear blank by using a hobbing machine;
b. the front and rear gears after gear hobbing are disassembled, placed for two days and then assembled;
c. finish turning a reference inner hole by using a numerical control vertical lathe;
d. finely grinding the combined tooth blank by using a gear grinding machine;
e. combining and dynamically balancing the formed gear device;
f. finally, warehousing after inspection.
2. The method of claim 1 for machining a front and rear half quadrature gear device, wherein: in the step (1), roughly turning the excircle, the end face and the inner circle of the front gear blank by using a lathe, turning the gear blank by adopting a turning rough turning method during rough turning, turning the gear blank piece to process the other face when processing the gear blank by 2mm, and performing stress removal heat treatment after finishing the rough turning, wherein the temperature is 470 +/-20 ℃, and the heat preservation is carried out for 5 hours; after flat grinding, aligning and combining the two surfaces, and coating red lead powder on the combination position of the middle split surfaces, wherein the combination area is not less than 80%; the gap of the middle split surface of the front gear is within 0.04mm, and the inner circle of the spigot is finely turned by a numerical control lathe after the gear blank is fixed on a tool.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said method comprises: and (3) processing the rear gear blank in the step (2) is the same as in the step (1).
4. The method of claim 1 for machining a front and rear half quadrature gear device, wherein: and (3) semi-finish turning the combined gear blank by using a numerical control lathe, wherein the combined gear blank comprises an outer circle, a front gear side face, a rear gear side face and an inner circle, a bolt hole is matched with a vertical machining center in a hinged mode, bolts close to the middle section face are arranged in a tight fit mode in the hinged mode, bolts at the other positions are tapped by a wood hammer, and the gap between the middle section faces of the front gear and the rear gear is within 0.04 mm.
5. The method of claim 1 for machining a front and rear half quadrature gear device, wherein: in the step (4), the mid-plane gap of the front gear and the rear gear is within 0.04mm, the dynamic balance precision grade of the gear combination is G2.5, and magnetic powder inspection, gear precision detection, size detection and form and position tolerance detection are carried out before warehousing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111332294.4A CN113927259B (en) | 2021-11-11 | 2021-11-11 | Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111332294.4A CN113927259B (en) | 2021-11-11 | 2021-11-11 | Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113927259A true CN113927259A (en) | 2022-01-14 |
| CN113927259B CN113927259B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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| CN202111332294.4A Active CN113927259B (en) | 2021-11-11 | 2021-11-11 | Machining method of front half-orthorhombic gear device and rear half-orthorhombic gear device |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1554879A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | Front and rear tao half orthogonal gear device |
| US20090019697A1 (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2009-01-22 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method for low lot gear manufacturing |
| CN201314367Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-09-23 | 哈尔滨太阳岛船艇科技开发有限责任公司 | Pintongs combined gear for boat |
| CN101862945A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Method for processing large combination type herringbone gear |
| CN203067728U (en) * | 2013-03-02 | 2013-07-17 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Automobile gear with free removal type matrix |
| CN104565287A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-29 | 上海东冠纸业有限公司 | Structure-improved handkerchief paper machine swing gear |
| CN110961876A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Machining method of two half type gear rings |
-
2021
- 2021-11-11 CN CN202111332294.4A patent/CN113927259B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1554879A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 | Front and rear tao half orthogonal gear device |
| US20090019697A1 (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2009-01-22 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method for low lot gear manufacturing |
| CN201314367Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-09-23 | 哈尔滨太阳岛船艇科技开发有限责任公司 | Pintongs combined gear for boat |
| CN101862945A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-10-20 | 南通振华重型装备制造有限公司 | Method for processing large combination type herringbone gear |
| CN203067728U (en) * | 2013-03-02 | 2013-07-17 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Automobile gear with free removal type matrix |
| CN104565287A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-04-29 | 上海东冠纸业有限公司 | Structure-improved handkerchief paper machine swing gear |
| CN110961876A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-04-07 | 重庆齿轮箱有限责任公司 | Machining method of two half type gear rings |
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| CN113927259B (en) | 2024-04-16 |
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