CN113926979A - High-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process - Google Patents
High-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113926979A CN113926979A CN202111164369.2A CN202111164369A CN113926979A CN 113926979 A CN113926979 A CN 113926979A CN 202111164369 A CN202111164369 A CN 202111164369A CN 113926979 A CN113926979 A CN 113926979A
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- rod
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- NMFHJNAPXOMSRX-PUPDPRJKSA-N [(1r)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[3-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)phenyl]propyl] (2s)-1-[(2s)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)butanoyl]piperidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C([C@@H](OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCCN1C(=O)[C@@H](CC)C=1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C(OC)C=1)C=1C=C(OCCN2CCOCC2)C=CC=1)CC1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 NMFHJNAPXOMSRX-PUPDPRJKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K7/00—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts
- B21K7/12—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts parts for locomotives or vehicles, e.g. frames, underframes
- B21K7/14—Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts parts for locomotives or vehicles, e.g. frames, underframes brake rigging or brake parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/14—Ejecting devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/025—Closed die forging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/68—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous solutions with pH between 6 and 8
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process, which comprises a closed forging device, a heat treatment device, a shot blasting device, an eddy current sorting device, a magnetic powder inspection device and an anti-rust treatment device, wherein the closed forging device is used for carrying out heat treatment on a workpiece; the closed forging device is used for processing the forging blank into a rotor; the heat treatment device is used for carrying out heat treatment on the rotor, the shot blasting device is used for carrying out shot blasting operation on the rotor, the consistency of the surface quality after shot blasting is guaranteed, the vortex sorting device is used for sorting the rotor, the rotors in different heat treatment states of normalizing, quenching and tempering after forging are identified, the magnetic particle inspection device is used for carrying out flaw detection on the rotor, the rotor which is cracked due to folding and heat treatment is identified, the rust-proof treatment device is used for soaking the rotor, a layer of rust-proof film is formed on the surface of the rotor, and the service life is prolonged. The high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process provided by the invention can effectively improve the processing quality and efficiency of forgings and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging of forgings, and particularly relates to a high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process.
Background
In the forging production and processing of the rotor of the automobile brake pump, the forging production and processing method mainly comprises six steps of forging, heat treatment, shot blasting, sorting, crack detection and material soaking rust prevention, and the production process is limited by the factors of equipment and can influence the processing quality and efficiency, so that reasonable equipment design and selection are concerned about the sustainability, high efficiency and high quality of the whole set of forging production flow. Based on the reasons, the high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process is designed, the processing quality and efficiency of the forge piece can be effectively improved, and the process is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process, which can effectively improve the processing quality and efficiency of forgings and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process, which comprises the following steps: including closed forging device, heat treatment device, shot-blasting device, vortex sorting unit, magnetic particle inspection device and rust-resistant processing apparatus, this production technology is applied to the rotor of car braking system vacuum pump, and concrete step is as follows:
step S1: processing the forging blank into a rotor by using a closed forging device;
step S2: the rotor is subjected to heat treatment by using a heat treatment device, normalizing and stress relieving treatment is firstly carried out, the grain size is refined, the mechanical property is improved, the cracking risk is reduced, and then heat preservation tempering treatment is carried out, so that the consistency of the hardness and the strength of the rotor is ensured;
step S3: performing shot blasting operation on the rotor by using a shot blasting device, ensuring the consistency of the surface quality after shot blasting, removing oxide skin and improving the surface smoothness;
step S4: sorting the rotors by using an eddy current sorting device, identifying the rotors in different heat treatment states of forging, normalizing, quenching and tempering, and preventing parts with unqualified mechanical properties caused by material mixing from flowing into the next procedure;
step S5: carrying out flaw detection on the rotor by using a magnetic powder flaw detection device, identifying the rotor which is cracked due to folding and heat treatment, and preventing a defective part from flowing out;
step S6: the rotor is soaked by the antirust treatment device, so that an antirust film is formed on the surface of the rotor, the rotor is protected, and the service life is prolonged.
Further, the closed forging device comprises a punch, a female die, a heat-resistant material ejecting rod and a synchronous material ejecting driving mechanism; the punch corresponds to the female die, the shape of a forging cavity formed by matching the bottom surface of the punch with a cavity of the female die is matched with the structural shape of the rotor, and an opening of the cavity is of an outward-expanded chamfer structure; the cavity communicated with the female die from the bottom is provided with three material ejecting holes, one heat-resistant material ejecting rod is correspondingly inserted into each material ejecting hole in a sliding fit manner from the bottom, and the three heat-resistant material ejecting rods are distributed in a triangular array; the synchronous material ejecting driving mechanism is in driving connection with the heat-resistant material ejecting rods and drives the heat-resistant material ejecting rods to synchronously move upwards to execute material ejecting action;
the heat-resistant ejector rod comprises a heat-resistant ejector rod and a connecting rod which are fixedly connected from top to bottom, the cross sections of the heat-resistant ejector rod, the connecting rod and the ejector hole are polygonal, and the heat-resistant ejector rod and the connecting rod are in sliding fit with the ejector hole, wherein the heat-resistant ejector rod is made of a material with the heat-resistant temperature higher than the highest forging temperature of the rotor;
the synchronous material ejecting driving mechanism also comprises screw rods which are correspondingly connected to the bottom ends of the connecting rods one by one, driven gears which are correspondingly in threaded connection with the screw rods one by one, driving gears which are positioned among the three driven gears and are meshed with the three driven gears, a servo motor which is in driving connection with the driving gears, and a bracket which is used for installing the servo motor at the bottom of the female die; the upper surface and the lower surface of the driving gear are provided with limit baffles which extend horizontally towards the driven gears to limit the driven gears axially.
Further, the heat treatment device comprises a heating furnace, a conveying mesh belt and a material pushing mechanism; the heating furnace comprises a normalizing operation section, a temperature difference transition section and a heat preservation tempering operation section, wherein the output end of the normalizing operation section is butted with the input end of the heat preservation tempering operation section through the temperature difference transition section, and the conveying net belt sequentially traverses the normalizing operation section, the temperature difference transition section and the heat preservation tempering operation section; the pushing mechanism is arranged on the heating furnace and used for pushing the rotor to move relative to the conveying mesh belt;
the material pushing mechanism is correspondingly arranged on the normalizing operation section and the heat-preservation tempering operation section; the material pushing mechanism comprises a push plate, a screw rod, a guide rod and a servo motor; the screw rod is parallel to the guide rod and arranged on the inner wall of the heating furnace in a crossing manner; the push plate is vertically arranged, the screw rod is in threaded connection with the push plate, and the guide rod is in sliding connection with the push plate; the servo motor is in driving connection with the screw rod.
Further, the temperature range in the temperature difference transition section is between the temperature in the heat preservation tempering operation section and the temperature in the normalizing operation section;
the temperature difference transition section is hermetically connected with the normalizing operation section and the heat-preservation tempering operation section;
the length of the temperature difference transition section is smaller than that of the normalizing operation section and that of the heat-preservation tempering operation section;
the length of the heat-preservation tempering operation section is greater than that of the normalizing operation section.
Further, the shot blasting device comprises a product positioning table and a shot blasting machine; the product positioning table comprises a protection table and a positioner arranged in the protection table, and the positioner is used for positioning the rotor and driving the rotor to perform circumferential rotation and vertical lifting motion in the shot blasting process of the shot blasting machine;
the protective table comprises a base table, a material receiving cone, a supporting frame and a protective plate; the peripheral outline of the base station is of a circular structure, the number of the positioners is multiple, and the positioners are arranged on the top surface of the base station in a circumferential array; the bottom of the base station is of an undercut structure, a plurality of material leaking holes which are circumferentially arrayed and communicated with the undercut structure are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the base station, the large port of the material receiving cone is in butt joint with the opening of the undercut structure of the base station, and the material receiving cone is supported by the support frame; the top surface of the base station is in a shape of a regular conical surface; a discharge valve is arranged at the small port of the material receiving cone; the guard plate is concentrically arranged on the periphery of the base station, the lower end of the guard plate is in a contraction shape and is connected with the bottom edge of the base station, and each positioner is positioned in the guard plate;
the positioner comprises a mounting seat fixed on the top surface of the base station, and further comprises a motor, an electric push rod and a positioning head which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, wherein the motor is vertically mounted on the mounting seat, and the rotor is arranged on the positioning head; the positioning head comprises a supporting body, a positioning shaft concentrically connected to the top end of the supporting body and a positioning insertion rod connected to the side face of the supporting body, the supporting body supports the rotor, the positioning shaft is inserted into a shaft hole of the rotor, and the positioning insertion rod is inserted into a positioning hole of the rotor.
Further, the vortex sorting device comprises an outer protective cover, a vortex sorting and conveying device, a vibration blanking device and a material receiving device; the vortex sorting and conveying device is arranged in the outer protective cover; the vibration blanking device is arranged at the top of the outer shield and corresponds to the input end of the vortex sorting and conveying device; the material receiving device is arranged in the outer shield and corresponds to the output end of the vortex sorting and conveying device;
the eddy current sorting and conveying device comprises a rack, a driving roller, a driven roller, a chain plate belt and a motor; the driving roller, the driven roller and the motor are all arranged on the rack, the driving roller and the driven roller are in transmission connection through a chain plate belt, the driving roller is positioned at the input end, the driven roller is positioned at the output end, and the motor is in driving connection with the driving roller;
the driven roller comprises a central shaft, a magnetic yoke, a magnetic block, an outer cylinder and a baffle plate; positioning rods are arranged on the central shaft in a circumferential array perpendicular to the axis, positioning holes are correspondingly formed in each magnetic yoke and each magnetic block, the magnetic yokes and the magnetic blocks are sequentially stacked and clamped on the central shaft in a wrapping mode, and the positioning rods are inserted into the positioning holes; the outer cylinder is sleeved on the periphery of the magnetic block; two ends of the central shaft are respectively provided with a shaft head with a threaded part, and the two baffles are sleeved on the threaded part from the shaft head and abut against the two ends of the magnetic yoke, the magnetic block and the outer cylinder as a whole;
the vibration blanking device comprises an inclined blanking plate, a supporting spring and a vibrator; the inclined blanking plate is elastically supported through a supporting spring, the vibrator is mounted at the bottom of the inclined blanking plate, and a blanking port is formed in the position, corresponding to the low end of the inclined blanking plate, of the bottom of the outer protective cover;
the material receiving device comprises a plurality of material receiving bins arranged side by side, and the bin wall height of the material receiving bins gradually rises from front to back.
Further, the magnetic powder flaw detection device comprises a box body, a magnetic powder releaser arranged at the top of the box body and a rotor positioning magnetic frame arranged in the box body; the box body comprises an upper detection cavity and a lower control cavity which are mutually independent, a magnetic release port is formed in the top of the upper detection cavity, and a gap of a magnetic powder release end of the magnetic powder releaser penetrates through the magnetic release port to extend into the upper detection cavity; the rotor positioning magnetic frame comprises a positioning shaft, a lead and a power supply, wherein two ends of the positioning shaft are connected with the power supply through the lead, the rotor is sleeved on the positioning shaft, and the positioning position of the rotor is positioned right below the magnetic powder releaser;
the positioning shaft is arranged in the upper detection cavity through a connecting rod; the power supply is arranged in the lower control cavity; the positioning shaft comprises an outer insulating shaft and an inner conductive shaft which are concentrically sleeved and fixed, and two ends of the inner conductive shaft are provided with connecting ports for connecting the end parts of the wires; the outer insulating shaft comprises a positioning shaft part and a threaded shaft part, a stop block is arranged at one end of the positioning shaft part close to the threaded shaft part, a positioning inserted rod is arranged on the side face of the stop block, and an internal thread screwing ring is detachably connected to the thread of the threaded shaft part;
the magnetic powder releaser comprises a magnetic powder hopper, a discharge valve, a hose, a material scattering pipe and a mesh screen which are sequentially connected from top to bottom; the side surface of the magnetic powder hopper is provided with a bracket which is connected with the top of the box body to support the magnetic powder hopper; the magnetic powder releaser still includes vibrator and spring, the vibrator is installed on the bulk material pipe, the bulk material pipe side has the extension ear, the magnetic powder fill is connected respectively at the spring both ends and the ear is extended.
Further, the aperture of the mesh screen is larger than the particle size of the magnetic powder particles in the magnetic powder hopper;
the front end of the upper detection cavity is a box door, and the whole box wall of the upper detection cavity is transparent.
Further, the rust-proof treatment device comprises a swinging soaking frame, a lifting rope, a soaking hopper and a sodium nitrate rust-proof water tank; the swinging material soaking frame comprises a swinging rod with the center as a fixed point and two ends swinging up and down alternately, the two ends of the swinging rod are respectively hung on the material soaking hoppers through lifting ropes, and the sodium nitrate antirust water tank is correspondingly arranged below each material soaking hopper; the device also comprises a feeding and discharging station, a rotor feeding and conveying device and a rotor discharging and air-drying and conveying device which are arranged beside the sodium nitrate antirust water tank in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the feeding and discharging station is used for feeding the rotor from the rotor feeding and conveying device to the material soaking hopper and discharging the rotor from the material soaking hopper to the rotor discharging and air-drying and conveying device; the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device is used for air-drying sodium nitrate antirust water attached to the surface of the rotor in the rotor conveying process;
the end part of the swing rod is provided with a hanging ring, and the lifting rope is correspondingly bolted on the hanging ring; the swinging material dipping frame comprises an upright rod, a rotating shaft and a servo motor, the rotating shaft is arranged at the top end of the upright rod in a rotating fit manner and is connected with the middle position of the swinging rod, and the servo motor is in driving connection with the rotating shaft;
the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device comprises a rotor blanking conveying device, an air-drying channel and a fan; the rotor blanking conveying device penetrates through the air drying channel; the fans are uniformly arranged on the top of the air drying channel along the length direction of the air drying channel; the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device also comprises a pipeline, a water receiving tank arranged on the pipeline and a water drain valve arranged at the bottom of the water receiving tank; the inner bottom of the air drying channel is provided with a water collecting through groove along the central line of the air drying channel, the inner bottom surface of the air drying channel is an inclined plane gradually descending from the length edge to the water collecting through groove, and two ends of the pipeline are in butt joint with two ends of the water collecting through groove.
Further, the leaching hopper is of a hollow frame body structure.
Has the advantages that: the forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property has the following beneficial effects:
1) the production process is reasonable in layout, the processing quality and efficiency of the rotor are greatly improved, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization;
2) the forging device realizes synchronous material ejection under the driving of the synchronous material ejection driving mechanism through heat-resistant material ejection rods distributed at multiple points, so that the cavity clamping of a forging piece is avoided, and the discharging smoothness is improved;
3) in the heat treatment device, the normalizing operation section has the functions of removing the forging stress of the rotor, reducing the cracking risk, refining the grain size and improving the mechanical property; the heat preservation tempering operation section has the function that the heating temperature is always in a stable interval, and the consistency of the hardness and the strength after heat treatment is ensured; the temperature difference transition section has the function of enabling the high-temperature section to be connected with the heat preservation section in temperature, so that the influence of temperature difference is reduced, and the processing quality of a product is improved;
4) the shot blasting device is used for positioning the rotor and driving the rotor to perform circumferential rotation and vertical lifting motion in the shot blasting process of the shot blasting machine, so that more thorough, comprehensive and efficient shot blasting on the rotor can be ensured in the shot blasting operation process, the product quality is improved, and the shot blasting operation efficiency is improved;
5) the vortex sorting device can identify forged forgings in different heat treatment states of normalizing, quenching and tempering, and prevent parts with unqualified mechanical properties caused by material mixing from flowing into the next procedure;
6) in the magnetic powder flaw detection device, a positioning shaft is electrified to generate a magnetic field around to magnetize a rotor, then a magnetic powder releaser is utilized to release magnetic powder, the magnetic powder naturally falls and scatters, and the magnetic powder falling on the magnetized rotor is accumulated at a crack, so that flaw detection is realized, the falling coverage range of the magnetic powder is wide, the rotor is fully covered, and the magnetic powder flaw detection efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved;
7) in the rust-proof treatment device, the two leaching hoppers are alternately immersed into a sodium nitrate rust-proof water tank to perform leaching operation on an inner rotor through the swinging of the swinging rod, and the leaching operation effect is good and the efficiency is high. In addition, the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device is used for air-drying sodium nitrate antirust water attached to the surface of the rotor in the rotor conveying process, so that the air-drying of the sodium nitrate antirust water is accelerated, a layer of antirust film is attached to the surface of the rotor, and better and more timely antirust protection is provided for the rotor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a closed forging apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the distribution of heat-resistant ejector pins;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a heat-resistant ejector rod and a synchronous ejector driving mechanism thereof;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a heat treatment apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the pushing mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a blasting apparatus;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a product positioning table;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the vortex sorting apparatus;
FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the follower roller;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a half-section of a driven roller;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic particle inspection apparatus;
FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a rotor positioning magnetic frame;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic powder releaser;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rust preventive treatment apparatus;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural view of a swing dipping frame;
FIG. 17 is a schematic side view of the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in the attached figure 1, the high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process comprises a closed forging device a, a heat treatment device b, a shot blasting device c, an eddy current sorting device d, a magnetic powder inspection device e and an anti-rust treatment device f, and is applied to a rotor 100 of a vacuum pump of an automobile brake system, and the production process comprises the following specific steps:
step S1: processing the forging blank into the rotor 100 by using a closed forging device a;
step S2: the rotor 100 is subjected to heat treatment by using the heat treatment device b, normalizing and stress relieving treatment is firstly carried out, the grain size is refined, the mechanical property is improved, the cracking risk is reduced, and then heat preservation tempering treatment is carried out, so that the consistency of the hardness and the strength of the rotor 100 is ensured;
step S3: performing shot blasting operation on the rotor 100 by using the shot blasting device c, ensuring the consistency of the surface quality after shot blasting, removing oxide skin and improving the surface smoothness;
step S4: sorting the rotor 100 by using the eddy current sorting device d, identifying the rotor 100 in different heat treatment states of forging, normalizing, quenching and tempering, and preventing parts with unqualified mechanical properties caused by material mixing from flowing into the next procedure;
step S5: carrying out flaw detection on the rotor 100 by using a magnetic particle flaw detection device e, identifying the rotor 100 cracked due to folding and heat treatment, and preventing a defective part from flowing out;
step S6: and (3) the rotor is soaked by using the antirust treatment device f, so that an antirust film is formed on the surface of the rotor, the rotor 100 is protected, and the service life is prolonged.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the closed forging apparatus a includes a punch 1a, a die 2a, a heat-resistant ejector pin 3a and a synchronous ejector driving mechanism 4 a; the punch 1a corresponds to the die 2a, the shape of a forging cavity formed by matching the bottom surface of the punch 1a with the cavity 21a of the die 2a is matched with the structural shape of the rotor 100, and the opening of the cavity 21a is in an outward-expanded chamfer structure 210 a; a cavity 21a which is communicated with the female die 2a from the bottom is provided with three material ejection holes 211a, one heat-resistant material ejection rod 3a is correspondingly inserted into each material ejection hole 211a in a sliding fit manner from the bottom, and the three heat-resistant material ejection rods 3aa are distributed in a triangular array; the synchronous material ejecting driving mechanism 4a is in driving connection with the heat-resistant material ejecting rods 3a, and the synchronous material ejecting driving mechanism 4a drives the heat-resistant material ejecting rods 3a to synchronously move upwards to execute material ejecting action. The heat-resistant material ejection rods distributed in multiple points realize synchronous ejection under the driving of the synchronous ejection driving mechanism, so that the forging is prevented from being blocked, and the smoothness of ejection is improved.
The heat-resistant ejector rod 3a comprises a heat-resistant ejector rod 31a and a connecting rod 32a which are fixedly connected from top to bottom, the cross section shapes of the heat-resistant ejector rod 31a, the connecting rod 32a and the ejector hole 211a are all polygons, the heat-resistant ejector rod 31a and the connecting rod 32a are in sliding fit with the ejector hole 211a, the heat-resistant ejector rod 31a is made of a material with the heat-resistant temperature higher than the forging highest temperature of the rotor 100, and the service life is prolonged.
The synchronous ejecting driving mechanism 4a further comprises screw rods 41a which are correspondingly connected to the bottom ends of the connecting rods 32a one by one, driven gears 42a which are correspondingly threaded on the screw rods 41a one by one, driving gears 43a which are positioned among the three driven gears 42a and are meshed with each other, a servo motor 44a which is in driving connection with the driving gears 43a, and a bracket 45a which is used for installing the servo motor 44a at the bottom of the female die 2 a; the servo motor 44 provides driving force, and the screw rods 41a are driven to vertically move by tooth transmission, so that the vertical movement of the heat-resistant ejector rod 31a is realized; the upper and lower surfaces of the driving gear 43a are provided with limit stoppers 46a extending horizontally toward the driven gear 42a to axially limit the driven gears 42a, thereby preventing the driven gears 42a from moving axially.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, the heat treatment device b comprises a heating furnace 1b, a conveying mesh belt 2b and a material pushing mechanism 3 b; the heating furnace 1b comprises a normalizing operation section 10b, a temperature difference transition section 11b and a heat preservation tempering operation section 12b, wherein the output end of the normalizing operation section 10b is butted with the input end of the heat preservation tempering operation section 12b through the temperature difference transition section 11b, and the conveying mesh belt 2b sequentially passes through the normalizing operation section 10b, the temperature difference transition section 11 and the heat preservation tempering operation section 12 b; the pushing mechanism 3b is mounted on the heating furnace 1b and used for pushing the rotor 100 to move relative to the conveying mesh belt 2 b. The normalizing operation section 10b has the functions of removing the forging stress of the rotor 100, reducing the risk of cracking, refining the grain size and improving the mechanical property; the heat preservation tempering operation section 12b has the function of enabling the heating temperature to be always in a stable interval and ensuring consistency of hardness and strength after heat treatment; the function of the temperature difference transition section 11b is to enable the high-temperature section and the heat preservation section to carry out temperature connection, so that the influence of the temperature difference is reduced, and the processing quality of the product is improved.
The material pushing mechanism 3b is correspondingly arranged on the normalizing operation section 10b and the heat-preservation tempering operation section 12 b; the pushing mechanism 3b comprises a pushing plate 31b, a screw 32b, a guide rod 33b and a servo motor 34 b; the screw 32b is parallel to the guide rod 33b and is arranged on the inner wall of the heating furnace 1b in a crossing way; the push plate 31b is vertically arranged, the screw 32b is in threaded connection with the push plate 31b, and the guide rod 33b is in sliding connection with the push plate 31 b; the servo motor 34b is in driving connection with the screw 32 b. The servo motor 34b is used for providing driving force to enable the push plate 31b to push the rotor 100 to move, and the structure is simple and the use is convenient.
The temperature range in the temperature difference transition section 11b is between the temperature in the heat preservation tempering operation section 12b and the temperature in the normalizing operation section 10b, so that better temperature transition connection is realized.
The temperature difference transition section 11b is hermetically connected with the normalizing operation section 10b and the heat-preservation tempering operation section 12b, so that air leakage and temperature leakage are avoided.
The length of the temperature difference transition section 11b is smaller than that of the normalizing operation section 10b and that of the heat-preservation tempering operation section 12b, so that transition time is shortened, cost is saved, and efficiency is improved.
The length of the heat-preservation tempering operation section 12b is greater than that of the normalizing operation section 10b, so that the heat-preservation treatment stroke is prolonged, and the hardness and strength of the product are further improved.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the shot blasting device c comprises a product positioning table 1c and a shot blasting machine 2 c; product location platform 1c is including protecting the platform and setting up the locator 16c in protecting the platform, locator 16c is used for fixing a position rotor 100 and drives rotor 100 and do rotation in a circumferential direction and vertical elevating movement in the shot-blasting process of shot-blasting machine 2c to can guarantee to throw the ball to the rotor more thoroughly, comprehensive, efficient at the shot-blasting operation in-process, improve product quality, and improve and throw ball operating efficiency.
The protection platform comprises a base platform 11c, a material receiving cone 12c, a support frame 13c and a protection plate 15 c; the peripheral outline of the base station 11c is of a circular structure, the number of the locators 16c is multiple, and the locators 16c are arranged on the top surface of the base station 11c in a circumferential array, so that large-batch shot blasting operation is realized, and the productivity is improved; the bottom of the base platform 11c is of an undercut structure, a plurality of material leaking holes 111c which are circumferentially arrayed and communicated with the undercut structure are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the base platform 11c, the large port of the material receiving cone 12c is in butt joint with the opening of the undercut structure of the base platform 11c, the material receiving cone 12c is supported by the support frame 13c, and the material receiving cone 12c is used for receiving and storing pills and is convenient for subsequent use; the top surface of the base platform 11c is in a regular conical surface shape, so that pills can be conveniently rolled and collected, and the accumulation problem can be avoided; a discharge valve 14c is arranged at the small port of the material receiving cone 12 c; the guard plate 15c is concentrically arranged on the periphery of the base platform 11c, the lower end of the guard plate 15c is in a contraction shape and is jointed with the bottom edge of the base platform 11c, and each locator 16c is positioned in the guard plate 15 c.
The positioner 16c comprises an installation seat 161c fixed on the top surface of the base 11c, the positioner 16c further comprises a motor 162c, an electric push rod 163c and a positioning head 164c which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, the motor 162c is vertically installed on the installation seat 161c, the rotor 100 is placed on the positioning head 164c, wherein the motor 162c provides a circumferential rotation driving force, and the electric push rod 163c provides a vertical lifting driving force; the positioning head 164c includes a supporting body 1641c, a positioning shaft 1642c concentrically connected to the top end of the supporting body 1641c, and a positioning insertion rod 1643c connected to the side surface of the supporting body 1641c, the supporting body 1641c supports the rotor 100, the positioning shaft 1642c is inserted into the shaft hole of the rotor 100, and the positioning insertion rod 1643c is inserted into the positioning hole of the rotor 100, so as to match with the rotor structure, and the positioning is accurate and reliable.
As shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, the vortex sorting device d includes an outer shield 1d, a vortex sorting and conveying device, a vibration blanking device 5d and a material receiving device 6 d; the vortex sorting and conveying device is arranged in the outer shield 1 d; the vibrating blanking device 5d is arranged at the top of the outer shield 1d, and the vibrating blanking device 5d corresponds to the input end of the vortex sorting and conveying device; receiving device 6d sets up in outer guard 1d, and receiving device 6d corresponds with vortex sorting conveyor's output. The forging piece heat treatment sorting device can perform heat treatment sorting, identify forged forgings in different heat treatment states, such as normalizing, quenching and tempering, prevent mixed materials from causing parts with unqualified mechanical properties to flow into subsequent processes, and is simple in overall structure, convenient to use and suitable for large-scale popularization.
The eddy current sorting and conveying device comprises a rack, a driving roller 2d, a driven roller 3d, a chain plate belt 4d and a motor 7 d; the driving roller 2d, the driven roller 3d and the motor 7d are all mounted on the rack, the driving roller 2d is in transmission connection with the driven roller 3d through the chain plate belt 4d, the driving roller 2d is located at the input end, the driven roller 3d is located at the output end, and the motor 7d is in driving connection with the driving roller 2 d.
The driven roller 3d comprises a central shaft 31d, a magnetic yoke 32d, a magnetic block 33d, an outer cylinder 34d and a baffle 35 d; positioning rods 310d are arranged on the central shaft 31d in a circumferential array perpendicular to the axis, positioning holes 320d are correspondingly formed in each magnetic yoke 32d and each magnetic block 33d, the magnetic yokes 32d and the magnetic blocks 33d are sequentially stacked, wrapped and clamped on the central shaft 31d, and the positioning rods 310d are inserted into the positioning holes 320 d; the outer cylinder 34d is sleeved on the periphery of the magnetic block 33 d; two ends of the central shaft 31d are respectively provided with a spindle nose 311d having a threaded portion 312d, and the two baffles 35d are sleeved from the spindle nose 311d and screwed on the threaded portion 312d to abut against two ends of the magnetic yoke 32d, the magnetic block 33d and the outer cylinder 34d as a whole. Driven roller 3 is modular assembly structure, convenient transportation, and in the use, the cost is practiced thrift in the change can be demolishd to a fixed point to certain module damage.
The vibration blanking device 5d comprises an inclined blanking plate 50d, a supporting spring 51d and a vibrator 52 d; the inclined blanking plate 50 is elastically supported through a supporting spring 51d, the vibrator 52d is installed at the bottom of the inclined blanking plate 50d, and a blanking port 10d is formed in the position, corresponding to the short end of the inclined blanking plate 50d, of the bottom of the outer shield 1 d.
The material receiving device 6d comprises a plurality of material receiving bins 60d which are arranged side by side, and the bin wall height of the material receiving bins 60d gradually rises from front to back to realize sorting and material receiving operation.
As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, the magnetic powder inspection apparatus e includes a box 1e, a magnetic powder releaser 7e arranged on the top of the box 1e, and a rotor positioning magnetic frame arranged in the box 1 e; the box body 1e comprises an upper detection cavity 10e and a lower control cavity 11e which are mutually independent, the top of the upper detection cavity 10e is provided with a magnetic release port 101e, and a magnetic powder release end gap of the magnetic powder releaser 7e penetrates through the magnetic release port 101e and extends into the upper detection cavity 10 e; the rotor positioning magnetic frame comprises a positioning shaft 3e, a wire 6e and a power supply 5e, the two ends of the positioning shaft 3e are connected with the power supply 5e through the wire 6e, the rotor 100 is sleeved on the positioning shaft 3e, and the positioning position of the rotor 100 is located under the magnetic powder releaser 7 e. The positioning shaft 3e is electrified to generate a magnetic field around to magnetize the rotor 100, then the magnetic powder releaser 7e is utilized to release magnetic powder, the magnetic powder naturally falls and drifts, and the magnetic powder falling on the magnetized rotor 100 is accumulated at a crack, so that flaw detection is realized, the falling coverage range of the magnetic powder is wide, the rotor 100 is comprehensively covered, the magnetic powder flaw detection efficiency and accuracy are greatly improved, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
The positioning shaft 3e is arranged in the upper detection cavity 10e through a connecting rod 2 e; the power supply 5e is arranged in the lower control cavity 11 e; the positioning shaft 3e comprises an outer insulating shaft 31e and an inner conductive shaft 32e which are concentrically sleeved, and two ends of the inner conductive shaft 32e are provided with connecting ports 320e for connecting the end parts of the wires 6 e; the outer insulating shaft 31e comprises a positioning shaft part 310e and a threaded shaft part 311e, a stop block 312e is arranged at one end, close to the threaded shaft part 311e, of the positioning shaft part 310e, a positioning insertion rod 313e is arranged on the side face of the stop block 312e, and an internal thread tightening ring 4e is detachably connected to the threaded shaft part 311e through threads. The rotor 100 is sleeved on the positioning shaft 310e from one end of the threaded shaft 311e and abuts against the stop 312e, the positioning insertion rod 313e is inserted into the positioning hole of the rotor 100, and the rotor 100 can be fixed by manually screwing the internal threaded tightening ring 4e.
The magnetic powder releaser 7e comprises a magnetic powder hopper 71e, a discharge valve 72e, a hose 73e, a material scattering pipe 74e and a mesh screen 75e which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; the side surface of the magnetic powder hopper 71e is provided with a bracket 79e, and the bracket 79e is connected to the top of the box body 1e to support the magnetic powder hopper 71 e; the magnetic powder releaser 7e further comprises a vibrator 76e and a spring 77e, wherein the vibrator 76e is installed on the material dispersing pipe 74e, the side surface of the material dispersing pipe 74e is provided with an extension lug 78e, and two ends of the spring 77e are respectively connected with the magnetic powder hopper 71e and the extension lug 78 e. In the specific magnetic powder releasing process, the discharging valve 72e is firstly opened, the magnetic powder in the magnetic powder hopper 71e falls into the dispersing pipe 74e, then the vibrator 76e is started, the vibrator 76e drives the whole dispersing pipe 74e to vibrate, the magnetic powder passes through the mesh screen 75e and falls into the upper detection cavity 10e, and the arrangement of the mesh screen 75e can enable the powder to fall more uniformly and avoid blockage.
The aperture of the mesh screen 75e is larger than the particle size of the magnetic powder particles in the magnetic powder hopper 71e, so that the penetrability of the magnetic powder is ensured.
The front end of the upper detection cavity 10e is a box door, and the whole box wall of the upper detection cavity 10e is transparent, so that the magnetic powder accumulation condition can be observed conveniently.
As shown in fig. 15, 16 and 17, the rust-proof treatment device f comprises a swinging soaking frame 1f, a lifting rope 7f, a soaking hopper 2f and a sodium nitrate rust-proof water pool 3 f; the swinging material soaking frame 1f comprises a swinging rod 10f with the center as a fixed point and two ends swinging up and down alternately, the two ends of the swinging rod 10f are respectively hung on the material soaking hoppers 2f through lifting ropes 7f, one sodium nitrate antirust water tank 3f is correspondingly arranged below each material soaking hopper 2f, the material soaking operation of the two material soaking hoppers 2f on the inner rotor of the two material soaking hoppers 2f alternately immersed in the sodium nitrate antirust water tank 3f is realized through the swinging of the swinging rod 10f, the material soaking operation effect is good, and the efficiency is high; the device also comprises a feeding and discharging station 4f, a rotor feeding and conveying device 5f and a rotor discharging and air-drying and conveying device 6f which are arranged beside the sodium nitrate antirust water tank 3f in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the feeding and discharging station 4f is used for feeding the rotor from the rotor feeding and conveying device 5f to the soaking hopper 2f and discharging the rotor from the soaking hopper 2f to the rotor discharging and air-drying and conveying device 6 f; the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device 6f is used for air-drying the sodium nitrate anti-rust water attached to the surface of the rotor in the conveying process of the rotor, so that the air-drying of the sodium nitrate anti-rust water is accelerated, a layer of anti-rust film is attached to the surface of the rotor 100, and better and more timely anti-rust protection is provided for the rotor 100.
Wherein, the feeding and discharging station 4f is a manual station or a manipulator station.
The end part of the swinging rod 10f is provided with a hanging ring 14f, and the lifting rope 7f is correspondingly bolted on the hanging ring 14 f; the swinging dipping frame 1f comprises an upright rod 11f, a rotating shaft 12f and a servo motor 13f, wherein the rotating shaft 12f is arranged at the top end of the upright rod 11f in a rotating matching manner and is connected with the middle position of the swinging rod 10f, and the servo motor 13f is in driving connection with the rotating shaft 12 f.
The rotor blanking air-drying conveying device 6f comprises a rotor blanking conveying device 61f, an air-drying channel 62f and a fan 63; the rotor blanking conveying device 61f penetrates through the air drying channel 62 f; a plurality of the fans 63f are uniformly arranged on the top of the airing channel 62f along the length direction thereof; the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device 6f further comprises a pipeline 64f, a water receiving tank 64f arranged on the pipeline, and a water drain valve 66f arranged at the bottom of the water receiving tank 64 f; the inner bottom of the air drying channel 62f is provided with a water collecting through groove 611f along the central line thereof, the inner bottom surface of the air drying channel 62f is a gradually descending inclined surface 610f from the length edge to the water collecting through groove 611f, and two ends of the duct 64f are butted with two ends of the water collecting through groove 611 f. And residual sodium nitrate antirust water dripping from the surface of the rotor 100 after material immersion is collected, so that the cost is saved, and the waste is avoided.
More specifically, the soaking hopper 2f is of a hollow frame structure, so that the comprehensiveness of the rotor 100 in the soaking hopper 2 is guaranteed, and the soaking quality is improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-precision high-mechanical-property forging production process is characterized by comprising the following steps: including closed forging device (a), heat treatment device (b), shot-blasting device (c), vortex sorting unit (d), magnetic particle inspection device (e) and rust-resistant processing apparatus (f), this production technology is applied to rotor (100) of car braking system vacuum pump, and concrete step is as follows:
step S1: processing the forging blank into a rotor (100) by using a closed forging device (a);
step S2: the rotor (100) is subjected to heat treatment by using the heat treatment device (b), normalizing and stress relieving treatment is firstly carried out, the grain size is refined, the mechanical property is improved, the cracking risk is reduced, and then heat-preservation quenching and tempering treatment is carried out, so that the consistency of the hardness and the strength of the rotor (100) is ensured;
step S3: performing shot blasting operation on the rotor (100) by using the shot blasting device (c), ensuring the consistency of the surface quality after shot blasting, removing oxide skin and improving the surface smoothness;
step S4: sorting the rotor (100) by using the eddy current sorting device (d), identifying the rotor (100) in different heat treatment states of forging, normalizing, quenching and tempering, and preventing parts with unqualified mechanical properties caused by material mixing from flowing into the next procedure;
step S5: carrying out flaw detection on the rotor (100) by using a magnetic particle flaw detection device (e), identifying the rotor (100) cracked due to folding and heat treatment, and preventing a defective part from flowing out;
step S6: and (f) soaking the rotor by using an antirust treatment device to form a layer of antirust film on the surface of the rotor, so that the rotor (100) is protected, and the service life is prolonged.
2. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the closed forging device (a) comprises a punch (1a), a female die (2a), a heat-resistant ejector rod (3a) and a synchronous ejector driving mechanism (4 a); the punch (1a) corresponds to the female die (2a), the shape of a forging cavity formed by matching the bottom surface of the punch (1a) with the cavity (21a) of the female die (2a) is matched with the structural shape of the rotor (100), and the opening of the cavity (21a) is of an outward-expanded chamfer structure (210 a); a cavity (21a) which is communicated with the female die (2a) from the bottom is provided with three material ejection holes (211a), one heat-resistant material ejection rod (3a) is correspondingly inserted into each material ejection hole (211a) in a sliding fit manner from the bottom, and the three heat-resistant material ejection rods (3aa) are distributed in a triangular array; the synchronous material ejecting driving mechanism (4a) is in driving connection with the heat-resistant material ejecting rods (3a), and the synchronous material ejecting driving mechanism (4a) drives the heat-resistant material ejecting rods (3a) to synchronously move upwards to execute material ejecting action;
the heat-resistant ejector rod (3a) comprises a heat-resistant ejector rod (31a) and a connecting rod (32a) which are fixedly connected from top to bottom, the cross sections of the heat-resistant ejector rod (31a), the connecting rod (32a) and the ejector hole (211a) are all polygonal, the heat-resistant ejector rod (31a) and the connecting rod (32a) are in sliding fit with the ejector hole (211a), and the heat-resistant ejector rod (31a) is made of a material with the heat-resistant temperature higher than the forging highest temperature of the rotor (100);
the synchronous ejection driving mechanism (4a) further comprises screw rods (41a) which are correspondingly connected to the bottom ends of the connecting rods (32a) one by one, driven gears (42a) which are correspondingly connected to the screw rods (41a) one by one in a threaded manner, driving gears (43a) which are positioned among the three driven gears (42a) and are meshed with each other, a servo motor (44a) which is in driving connection with the driving gears (43a), and a support (45a) which is used for installing the servo motor (44a) at the bottom of the female die (2 a); the upper surface and the lower surface of the driving gear (43a) are respectively provided with a limit baffle (46a) which extends to the driven gear (42a) in a horizontal mode so as to limit each driven gear (42a) in the axial direction.
3. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the heat treatment device (b) comprises a heating furnace (1b), a conveying mesh belt (2b) and a material pushing mechanism (3 b); the heating furnace (1b) comprises a normalizing operation section (10b), a temperature difference transition section (11b) and a heat preservation tempering operation section (12b), the output end of the normalizing operation section (10b) is in butt joint with the input end of the heat preservation tempering operation section (12b) through the temperature difference transition section (11b), and the conveying mesh belt (2b) sequentially traverses the normalizing operation section (10b), the temperature difference transition section (11) and the heat preservation tempering operation section (12 b); the pushing mechanism (3b) is arranged on the heating furnace (1b) and is used for pushing the rotor (100) to move relative to the conveying mesh belt (2 b);
the material pushing mechanism (3b) is correspondingly arranged on the normalizing operation section (10b) and the heat-preservation tempering operation section (12 b); the pushing mechanism (3b) comprises a pushing plate (31b), a screw rod (32b), a guide rod (33b) and a servo motor (34 b); the screw (32b) is parallel to the guide rod (33b) and is arranged on the inner wall of the heating furnace (1b) in a crossing manner; the push plate (31b) is vertically arranged, the screw rod (32b) is in threaded connection with the push plate (31b), and the guide rod (33b) is in sliding connection with the push plate (31 b); the servo motor (34b) is in driving connection with the screw rod (32 b).
4. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 3, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the temperature range in the temperature difference transition section (11b) is between the temperature in the heat preservation tempering operation section (12b) and the temperature in the normalizing operation section (10 b);
the temperature difference transition section (11b) is hermetically connected with the normalizing operation section (10b) and the heat-preservation tempering operation section (12 b);
the length of the temperature difference transition section (11b) is smaller than that of the normalizing operation section (10b) and that of the heat-preservation tempering operation section (12 b);
the length of the heat-preservation tempering operation section (12b) is greater than that of the normalizing operation section (10 b).
5. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the shot blasting device (c) comprises a product positioning table (1c) and a shot blasting machine (2 c); the product positioning table (1c) comprises a protection table and a positioner (16c) arranged in the protection table, and the positioner (16c) is used for positioning the rotor (100) and driving the rotor (100) to rotate in the circumferential direction and lift vertically in the shot blasting process of the shot blasting machine (2 c);
the protective table comprises a base table (11c), a material receiving cone (12c), a support frame (13c) and a protective plate (15 c); the peripheral outline of the base platform (11c) is of a circular structure, the number of the locators (16c) is multiple, and the locators (16c) are arranged on the top surface of the base platform (11c) in a circumferential array; the bottom of the base platform (11c) is of an undercut structure, a plurality of material leaking holes (111c) which are circumferentially arrayed and communicated with the undercut structure are uniformly distributed in the side face of the base platform (11c), the large port of the material receiving cone (12c) is butted with the opening of the undercut structure of the base platform (11c), and the material receiving cone (12c) is supported by the support frame (13 c); the top surface of the base platform (11c) is in a shape of a regular conical surface; a discharge valve (14c) is arranged at the small port of the material receiving cone (12 c); the protective plate (15c) is concentrically arranged on the periphery of the base platform (11c), the lower end of the protective plate (15c) is in a contraction shape and is connected with the bottom edge of the base platform (11c), and each locator (16c) is positioned in the protective plate (15 c);
the positioner (16c) comprises an installation seat (161c) fixed on the top surface of the base station (11c), and the positioner (16c) further comprises a motor (162c), an electric push rod (163c) and a positioning head (164c) which are sequentially connected from bottom to top, wherein the motor (162c) is vertically installed on the installation seat (161c), and the rotor (100) is arranged on the positioning head (164 c); the positioning head (164c) comprises a supporting body (1641c), a positioning shaft (1642c) concentrically connected to the top end of the supporting body (1641c), and a positioning insertion rod (1643c) connected to the side surface of the supporting body (1641c), wherein the supporting body (1641c) supports the rotor (100), the positioning shaft (1642c) is inserted into a shaft hole of the rotor (100), and the positioning insertion rod (1643c) is inserted into a positioning hole of the rotor (100).
6. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the vortex sorting device (d) comprises an outer protective cover (1d), a vortex sorting and conveying device, a vibrating blanking device (5d) and a material receiving device (6 d); the vortex sorting and conveying device is arranged in the outer protective cover (1 d); the vibrating blanking device (5d) is arranged at the top of the outer shield (1d), and the vibrating blanking device (5d) corresponds to the input end of the vortex sorting and conveying device; the material receiving device (6d) is arranged in the outer shield (1d), and the material receiving device (6d) corresponds to the output end of the vortex sorting and conveying device;
the eddy current sorting and conveying device comprises a rack, a driving roller (2d), a driven roller (3d), a chain plate belt (4d) and a motor (7 d); the driving roller (2d), the driven roller (3d) and the motor (7d) are all mounted on the rack, the driving roller (2d) and the driven roller (3d) are in transmission connection through a chain plate belt (4d), the driving roller (2d) is located at the input end, the driven roller (3d) is located at the output end, and the motor (7d) is in driving connection with the driving roller (2 d);
the driven roller (3d) comprises a central shaft (31d), a magnetic yoke (32d), a magnetic block (33d), an outer cylinder (34d) and a baffle plate (35 d); positioning rods (310d) are arranged on the central shaft (31d) in a circumferential array in a manner of being vertical to the axis, positioning holes (320d) are correspondingly formed in each magnetic yoke (32d) and each magnetic block (33d), the magnetic yokes (32d) and the magnetic blocks (33d) are sequentially stacked, wrapped and clamped on the central shaft (31d), and the positioning rods (310d) are inserted into the positioning holes (320 d); the outer cylinder (34d) is sleeved on the periphery of the magnetic block (33 d); two ends of the central shaft (31d) are respectively provided with a shaft head (311d) with a threaded part (312d), and the two baffles (35d) are sleeved on the threaded part (312d) from the shaft head (311d) and abut against the two ends of the magnetic yoke (32d), the magnetic block (33d) and the outer cylinder (34d) as a whole;
the vibrating blanking device (5d) comprises an inclined blanking plate (50d), a supporting spring (51d) and a vibrator (52 d); the inclined blanking plate (50) is elastically supported through a supporting spring (51d), the vibrator (52d) is installed at the bottom of the inclined blanking plate (50d), and a blanking port (10d) is formed in the position, corresponding to the low end of the inclined blanking plate (50d), of the bottom of the outer protective cover (1 d);
the material receiving device (6d) comprises a plurality of material receiving bins (60d) which are arranged side by side, and the bin wall height of the material receiving bins (60d) gradually rises from front to back.
7. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the magnetic powder flaw detection device (e) comprises a box body (1e), a magnetic powder releaser (7e) arranged at the top of the box body (1e) and a rotor positioning magnetic frame arranged in the box body (1 e); the box body (1e) comprises an upper detection cavity (10e) and a lower control cavity (11e) which are mutually independent, a magnetic release port (101e) is formed in the top of the upper detection cavity (10e), and a magnetic powder release end gap of the magnetic powder releaser (7e) penetrates through the magnetic release port (101e) to extend into the upper detection cavity (10 e); the rotor positioning magnetic frame comprises a positioning shaft (3e), a lead (6e) and a power supply (5e), two ends of the positioning shaft (3e) are connected with the power supply (5e) through the lead (6e), the rotor (100) is sleeved on the positioning shaft (3e), and the positioning position where the rotor (100) is located right below the magnetic powder releaser (7 e);
the positioning shaft (3e) is arranged in the upper detection cavity (10e) through a connecting rod (2 e); the power supply (5e) is arranged in the lower control cavity (11 e); the positioning shaft (3e) comprises an outer insulating shaft (31e) and an inner conductive shaft (32e) which are concentrically sleeved, and two ends of the inner conductive shaft (32e) are provided with connecting ports (320e) for connecting the end parts of the wires (6 e); the outer insulating shaft (31e) comprises a positioning shaft part (310e) and a threaded shaft part (311e), a stop block (312e) is arranged at one end, close to the threaded shaft part (311e), of the positioning shaft part (310e), a positioning inserted rod (313e) is arranged on the side face of the stop block (312e), and an internal thread tightening ring (4e) is detachably connected to the threaded shaft part (311e) through threads;
the magnetic powder releaser (7e) comprises a magnetic powder hopper (71e), a discharge valve (72e), a hose (73e), a material scattering pipe (74e) and a mesh screen (75e) which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; a bracket (79e) is arranged on the side surface of the magnetic powder hopper (71e), and the bracket (79e) is connected to the top of the box body (1e) to support the magnetic powder hopper (71 e); the magnetic powder releaser (7e) further comprises a vibrator (76e) and a spring (77e), wherein the vibrator (76e) is installed on the material dispersing pipe (74e), the side surface of the material dispersing pipe (74e) is provided with an extending lug (78e), and two ends of the spring (77e) are respectively connected with the magnetic powder hopper (71e) and the extending lug (78 e).
8. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 7, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the aperture of the mesh screen (75e) is larger than the particle size of magnetic powder particles in the magnetic powder hopper (71 e);
the front end of the upper detection cavity (10e) is a box door, and the whole box wall of the upper detection cavity (10e) is transparent.
9. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the rust-proof treatment device (f) comprises a swinging soaking frame (1f), a lifting rope (7f), a soaking hopper (2f) and a sodium nitrate rust-proof water pool (3 f); the swinging leaching frame (1f) comprises a swinging rod (10f) with the center as a fixed point and two ends swinging up and down alternately, two ends of the swinging rod (10f) are respectively hung on the leaching hoppers (2f) through lifting ropes (7f), and one sodium nitrate antirust water tank (3f) is correspondingly arranged below each leaching hopper (2 f); the device also comprises a feeding and discharging station (4f), a rotor feeding and conveying device (5f) and a rotor discharging and air-drying and conveying device (6f) which are arranged beside the sodium nitrate antirust water tank (3f) in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the feeding and discharging station (4f) is used for feeding the rotor from the rotor feeding and conveying device (5f) to the soaking hopper (2f) and discharging the rotor from the soaking hopper (2f) to the rotor discharging and air-drying conveying device (6 f); the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device (6f) is used for air-drying sodium nitrate rust-proof water attached to the surface of the rotor in the rotor conveying process;
the end part of the swinging rod (10f) is provided with a hanging ring (14f), and the lifting rope (7f) is correspondingly bolted on the hanging ring (14 f); the swing dipping frame (1f) comprises an upright rod (11f), a rotating shaft (12f) and a servo motor (13f), the rotating shaft (12f) is arranged at the top end of the upright rod (11f) in a rotating fit mode and is connected with the middle of a swing rod (10f), and the servo motor (13f) is in driving connection with the rotating shaft (12 f);
the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device (6f) comprises a rotor blanking conveying device (61f), an air-drying channel (62f) and a fan (63); the rotor blanking conveying device (61f) penetrates through the air drying channel (62 f); the fans (63f) are uniformly arranged at the top of the air drying channel (62f) along the length direction of the air drying channel; the rotor blanking air-drying conveying device (6f) further comprises a pipeline (64f), a water receiving tank (64f) arranged on the pipeline and a water drain valve (66f) arranged at the bottom of the water receiving tank (64 f); the inner bottom of the air drying channel (62f) is provided with a water collecting through groove (611f) along the central line position, the inner bottom surface of the air drying channel (62f) is a gradually descending inclined surface (610f) from the length edge to the water collecting through groove (611f), and two ends of the pipeline (64f) are in butt joint with two ends of the water collecting through groove (611 f).
10. The forging production process with high precision and high mechanical property as claimed in claim 9, wherein the forging production process comprises the following steps: the leaching hopper (2f) is of a hollow frame body structure.
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